//  protect_test.cpp
//
//  Copyright (c) 2009 Steven Watanabe
//
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
//
// See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)

#include <boost/bind/protect.hpp>
#include <boost/bind/bind.hpp>

#include <boost/detail/lightweight_test.hpp>

int f(int x)
{
    return x;
}

int& g(int& x)
{
    return x;
}

template<class T>
const T& constify(const T& arg)
{
    return arg;
}

int main()
{
    int i[9] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};

    // non-const

    // test nullary
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, 1))() == 1);

    // test lvalues

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0]) == &i[0]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1]) == &i[1]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1], i[2]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1], i[2]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))(i[0], i[1], i[2]) == &i[2]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[3]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[4]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[5]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[5]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _7))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[6]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[5]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _7))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[6]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _8))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[7]);

    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[5]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _7))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[6]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _8))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[7]);
    BOOST_TEST(&boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _9))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[8]);

    // test rvalues

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0) == 0);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1) == 1);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1, 2) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1, 2) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3))(0, 1, 2) == 2);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 3);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 4);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 5);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 5);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _7))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 6);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 5);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _7))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 6);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _8))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 7);

    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 5);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _7))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 6);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _8))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 7);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _9))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 8);

    // test mixed perfect forwarding
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(i[0], 1) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(i[0], 1) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1))(0, i[1]) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2))(0, i[1]) == 1);

    // const

    // test nullary
    BOOST_TEST(constify(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, 1))))() == 1);

    // test lvalues
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))))(i[0]) == &i[0]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))))(i[0], i[1]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))))(i[0], i[1]) == &i[1]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1))))(i[0], i[1], i[2]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2))))(i[0], i[1], i[2]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3))))(i[0], i[1], i[2]) == &i[2]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]) == &i[3]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4]) == &i[4]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5]) == &i[5]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[5]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _7)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6]) == &i[6]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[5]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _7)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[6]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _8)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7]) == &i[7]);

    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _1)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[0]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _2)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[1]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _3)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[2]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _4)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[3]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _5)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[4]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _6)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[5]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _7)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[6]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _8)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[7]);
    BOOST_TEST(&constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(g, _9)))(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3], i[4], i[5], i[6], i[7], i[8]) == &i[8]);

    // test rvalues

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0) == 0);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1) == 1);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1, 2) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1, 2) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3)))(0, 1, 2) == 2);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3)))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4)))(0, 1, 2, 3) == 3);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) == 4);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) == 5);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 5);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _7)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) == 6);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 5);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _7)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 6);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _8)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) == 7);

    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _3)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 2);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _4)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 3);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _5)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 4);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _6)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 5);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _7)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 6);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _8)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 7);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _9)))(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) == 8);

    // test mixed perfect forwarding
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(i[0], 1) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(i[0], 1) == 1);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _1)))(0, i[1]) == 0);
    BOOST_TEST(constify(boost::protect(boost::bind(f, _2)))(0, i[1]) == 1);

    return boost::report_errors();
}