/***************************************************************************
  qgsmaprendererjob.h
  --------------------------------------
  Date                 : December 2013
  Copyright            : (C) 2013 by Martin Dobias
  Email                : wonder dot sk at gmail dot com
 ***************************************************************************
 *                                                                         *
 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
 *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
 *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
 *                                                                         *
 ***************************************************************************/

#ifndef QGSMAPRENDERERJOB_H
#define QGSMAPRENDERERJOB_H

#include "qgis_core.h"
#include "qgis_sip.h"
#include <QFutureWatcher>
#include <QImage>
#include <QPainter>
#include <QObject>
#include <QTime>
#include <QElapsedTimer>

#include "qgsrendercontext.h"

#include "qgsmapsettings.h"
#include "qgsmaskidprovider.h"
#include "qgssettingsentry.h"


class QgsLabelingEngine;
class QgsLabelingResults;
class QgsMapLayerRenderer;
class QgsMapRendererCache;
class QgsFeatureFilterProvider;
class QgsRenderedItemResults;

#ifndef SIP_RUN
/// @cond PRIVATE

/**
 * \ingroup core
 * \brief Structure keeping low-level rendering job information.
 */
class LayerRenderJob
{
  public:

    LayerRenderJob() = default;

    //! LayerRenderJob cannot be copied
    LayerRenderJob( const LayerRenderJob & ) = delete;

    //! LayerRenderJob cannot be copied
    LayerRenderJob &operator=( const LayerRenderJob & ) = delete;

    LayerRenderJob( LayerRenderJob && );
    LayerRenderJob &operator=( LayerRenderJob && );

    /**
     * Sets the render \a context for the job.
     *
     * \warning This should only be set once, and must be set before any map layer renderers
     * are created for the job.
     */
    void setContext( std::unique_ptr< QgsRenderContext > context ) { mContext = std::move( context ); }

    /**
     * Returns the render context associated with the job.
     *
     * \see setContext()
     */
    QgsRenderContext *context() { return mContext.get(); }

    /**
     * Pointer to destination image.
     *
     * May be NULLPTR if it is not necessary to draw to separate image (e.g. sequential rendering).
     */
    QImage *img = nullptr;

    //! TRUE when img has been initialized (filled with transparent pixels)
    bool imageInitialized = false;

    bool imageCanBeComposed() const;

    QgsMapLayerRenderer *renderer = nullptr; // must be deleted

    QPainter::CompositionMode blendMode = QPainter::CompositionMode_SourceOver;

    double opacity = 1.0;

    //! If TRUE, img already contains cached image from previous rendering
    bool cached = false;

    QgsWeakMapLayerPointer layer;

    /**
     * TRUE if the render job was successfully completed in its entirety (i.e. it was
     * not canceled or aborted early).
     *
     * \since QGIS 3.18
     */
    bool completed = false;

    //! Time it took to render the layer in ms (it is -1 if not rendered or still rendering)
    int renderingTime = -1;

    /**
     * Estimated time for the layer to render, in ms.
     *
     * This can be used to specifies hints at the expected render times for the layer, so that
     * the corresponding layer renderer can apply heuristics and determine appropriate update
     * intervals during the render operation.
     *
     * \since QGIS 3.18
     */
    int estimatedRenderingTime = 0;

    QStringList errors; //!< Rendering errors

    /**
     * Identifies the associated layer by ID.
     *
     * \warning This should NEVER be used to retrieve map layers during a render job, and instead
     * is intended for use as a string identifier only.
     *
     * \since QGIS 3.10
     */
    QString layerId;

    /**
     * Selective masking handling.
     *
     * A layer can be involved in selective masking in two ways:
     *
     * - One of its symbol layer masks a symbol layer of another layer.
     *   In this case we need to compute a mask image during the regular
     *   rendering pass that will be stored here;
     * - Some of its symbol layers are masked by a symbol layer of another layer (or by a label mask)
     *   In this case we need to render the layer once again in a second pass, but with some symbol
     *   layers disabled.
     *   This second rendering will be composed with mask images that have been computed in the first
     *   pass by another job. We then need to know which first pass image and which masks correspond.
     */

    //! Mask image, needed during the first pass if a mask is defined
    QImage *maskImage = nullptr;

    /**
     * Pointer to the first pass job, needed during the second pass
     * to access first pass painter and image.
     */
    LayerRenderJob *firstPassJob = nullptr;

    /**
     * Pointer to first pass jobs that carry a mask image, needed during the second pass.
     * This can be either a LayerRenderJob, in which case the second element of the QPair is ignored.
     * Or this can be a LabelRenderJob if the first element is nullptr.
     * In this latter case, the second element of the QPair gives the label mask id.
     */
    QList<QPair<LayerRenderJob *, int>> maskJobs;

  private:
    std::unique_ptr< QgsRenderContext > mContext;

};

/**
 * \ingroup core
 * \brief Structure keeping low-level label rendering job information.
 */
struct LabelRenderJob
{
  QgsRenderContext context;

  /**
   * May be NULLPTR if it is not necessary to draw to separate image (e.g. using composition modes which prevent "flattening" the layer).
   * Note that if complete is FALSE then img will be uninitialized and contain random data!.
   */
  QImage *img = nullptr;

  /**
   * Mask images
   *
   * There is only one label job, with labels coming from different layers or rules (for rule-based labeling).
   * So we may have different labels with different label masks. We then need one different mask image for each configuration of label masks.
   * Labels that share the same kind of label masks, i.e. having the same set of symbol layers that are to be masked, should share the same mask image.
   * Labels that have different label masks, i.e. having different set of symbol layers that are to be masked, should have different mask images.
   * The index in the vector corresponds to the mask identifier.
   * \see maskIdProvider
   */
  QVector<QImage *> maskImages;

  /**
   * A mask id provider that is used to compute a mask image identifier for each label layer.
   * \see maskImages
   */
  QgsMaskIdProvider maskIdProvider;

  //! If TRUE, img already contains cached image from previous rendering
  bool cached = false;
  //! Will be TRUE if labeling is eligible for caching
  bool canUseCache = false;
  //! If TRUE then label render is complete
  bool complete = false;
  //! Time it took to render the labels in ms (it is -1 if not rendered or still rendering)
  int renderingTime = -1;
  //! List of layers which participated in the labeling solution
  QList< QPointer< QgsMapLayer > > participatingLayers;
};

///@endcond PRIVATE
#endif

/**
 * \ingroup core
 * \brief Abstract base class for map rendering implementations.
 *
 * The API is designed in a way that rendering is done asynchronously, therefore
 * the caller is not blocked while the rendering is in progress. Non-blocking
 * operation is quite important because the rendering can take considerable
 * amount of time.
 *
 * Common use case:
 *
 * 1. Prepare QgsMapSettings with rendering configuration (extent, layer, map size, ...)
 * 2. Create QgsMapRendererJob subclass with QgsMapSettings instance
 * 3. Connect to job's finished() signal
 * 4. Call start(). Map rendering will start in background, the function immediately returns
 * 5. At some point, slot connected to finished() signal is called, map rendering is done
 *
 * It is possible to cancel the rendering job while it is active by calling cancel() function.
 *
 * The following subclasses are available:
 *
 * - QgsMapRendererSequentialJob - renders map in one background thread to an image
 * - QgsMapRendererParallelJob - renders map in multiple background threads to an image
 * - QgsMapRendererCustomPainterJob - renders map with given QPainter in one background thread
 *
 * \since QGIS 2.4
 */
class CORE_EXPORT QgsMapRendererJob : public QObject SIP_ABSTRACT
{
    Q_OBJECT
  public:

    QgsMapRendererJob( const QgsMapSettings &settings );

    ~QgsMapRendererJob() override;

    /**
     * Start the rendering job and immediately return.
     * Does nothing if the rendering is already in progress.
     */
    void start();

    /**
     * Stop the rendering job - does not return until the job has terminated.
     * Does nothing if the rendering is not active.
     */
    virtual void cancel() = 0;

    /**
     * Triggers cancellation of the rendering job without blocking. The render job will continue
     * to operate until it is able to cancel, at which stage the finished() signal will be emitted.
     * Does nothing if the rendering is not active.
     */
    virtual void cancelWithoutBlocking() = 0;

    //! Block until the job has finished.
    virtual void waitForFinished() = 0;

    //! Tell whether the rendering job is currently running in background.
    virtual bool isActive() const = 0;

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if the render job was able to use a cached labeling solution.
     * If so, any previously stored labeling results (see takeLabelingResults())
     * should be retained.
     * \see takeLabelingResults()
     * \since QGIS 3.0
     */
    virtual bool usedCachedLabels() const = 0;

    /**
     * Returns a list of the layer IDs for all layers which were redrawn from cached
     * images.
     *
     * This method should only be called after the render job is completed.
     *
     * \since QGIS 3.22
     */
    QStringList layersRedrawnFromCache() const;

    /**
     * Gets pointer to internal labeling engine (in order to get access to the results).
     * This should not be used if cached labeling was redrawn - see usedCachedLabels().
     * \see usedCachedLabels()
     */
    virtual QgsLabelingResults *takeLabelingResults() = 0 SIP_TRANSFER;

    /**
     * Takes the rendered item results from the map render job and returns them.
     *
     * Ownership is transferred to the caller.
     *
     * \since QGIS 3.22
     */
    QgsRenderedItemResults *takeRenderedItemResults() SIP_TRANSFER;

    /**
     * Set the feature filter provider used by the QgsRenderContext of
     * each LayerRenderJob.
     * Ownership is not transferred and the provider must not be deleted
     * before the render job.
     * \since QGIS 3.0
     */
    void setFeatureFilterProvider( const QgsFeatureFilterProvider *f ) { mFeatureFilterProvider = f; }

    /**
     * Returns the feature filter provider used by the QgsRenderContext of
     * each LayerRenderJob.
     * \since QGIS 3.0
     */
    const QgsFeatureFilterProvider *featureFilterProvider() const { return mFeatureFilterProvider; }

    struct Error
    {
      Error( const QString &lid, const QString &msg )
        : layerID( lid )
        , message( msg )
      {}

      QString layerID;
      QString message;
    };

    typedef QList<QgsMapRendererJob::Error> Errors;

    //! List of errors that happened during the rendering job - available when the rendering has been finished
    Errors errors() const;


    /**
     * Assign a cache to be used for reading and storing rendered images of individual layers.
     * Does not take ownership of the object.
     */
    void setCache( QgsMapRendererCache *cache );

    /**
     * Returns the total time it took to finish the job (in milliseconds).
     * \see perLayerRenderingTime()
     */
    int renderingTime() const { return mRenderingTime; }

    /**
     * Returns the render time (in ms) per layer.
     * \note Not available in Python bindings.
     * \since QGIS 3.0
     */
    QHash< QgsMapLayer *, int > perLayerRenderingTime() const SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * Sets approximate render times (in ms) for map layers.
     *
     * This can be used to specifies hints at the expected render times for layers, so that
     * the individual layer renderers can apply heuristics and determine appropriate update
     * intervals during the render operation.
     *
     * The keys for \a hints must be set to the corresponding layer IDs.
     *
     * \note Not available in Python bindings.
     * \since QGIS 3.18
     */
    void setLayerRenderingTimeHints( const QHash< QString, int > &hints ) SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * Returns map settings with which this job was started.
     * \returns A QgsMapSettings instance with render settings
     * \since QGIS 2.8
     */
    const QgsMapSettings &mapSettings() const;

    /**
     * QgsMapRendererCache ID string for cached label image.
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     */
    static const QString LABEL_CACHE_ID SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * QgsMapRendererCache ID string for cached label image during preview compositions only.
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     * \since QGIS 3.18
     */
    static const QString LABEL_PREVIEW_CACHE_ID SIP_SKIP;

#ifndef SIP_RUN
    //! Settings entry log canvas refresh event
    static const inline QgsSettingsEntryBool settingsLogCanvasRefreshEvent = QgsSettingsEntryBool( QStringLiteral( "Map/logCanvasRefreshEvent" ), QgsSettings::NoSection, false );
#endif

  signals:

    /**
     * Emitted when the layers are rendered.
     * Rendering labels is not yet done. If the fully rendered layer including labels is required use
     * finished() instead.
     *
     * \since QGIS 3.0
     */
    void renderingLayersFinished();

    //! emitted when asynchronous rendering is finished (or canceled).
    void finished();

  protected:

    QgsMapSettings mSettings;
    QElapsedTimer mRenderingStart;
    Errors mErrors;

    QgsMapRendererCache *mCache = nullptr;

    int mRenderingTime = 0;

    //! Render time (in ms) per layer, by layer ID
    QHash< QgsWeakMapLayerPointer, int > mPerLayerRenderingTime;

    /**
     * Approximate expected layer rendering time per layer, by layer ID
     *
     * \since QGIS 3.18
     */
    QHash< QString, int > mLayerRenderingTimeHints;

    /**
     * TRUE if layer rendering time should be recorded.
     */
    bool mRecordRenderingTime = true;

#ifndef SIP_RUN
    std::unique_ptr< QgsRenderedItemResults > mRenderedItemResults;
#endif

    QStringList mLayersRedrawnFromCache;

    /**
     * Prepares the cache for storing the result of labeling. Returns FALSE if
     * the render cannot use cached labels and should not cache the result.
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     */
    bool prepareLabelCache() const SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * Creates a list of layer rendering jobs and prepares them for later render.
     *
     * The \a painter argument specifies the destination painter. If not set, the jobs will
     * be rendered to temporary images. Alternatively, if the \a deferredPainterSet flag is TRUE,
     * then a \a painter value of NULLPTR skips this default temporary image creation. In this case,
     * it is the caller's responsibility to correctly set a painter for all rendered jobs prior
     * to rendering them.
     *
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     */
    std::vector< LayerRenderJob > prepareJobs( QPainter *painter, QgsLabelingEngine *labelingEngine2, bool deferredPainterSet = false ) SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * Prepares a labeling job.
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     * \since QGIS 3.0
     */
    LabelRenderJob prepareLabelingJob( QPainter *painter, QgsLabelingEngine *labelingEngine2, bool canUseLabelCache = true ) SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * Prepares jobs for a second pass, if selective masks exist (from labels or symbol layers).
     * Must be called after prepareJobs and prepareLabelingJob.
     * It returns a list of new jobs for a second pass and also modifies labelJob and firstPassJobs if needed
     * (image and mask image allocation if needed)
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     * \since QGIS 3.12
     */
    std::vector< LayerRenderJob > prepareSecondPassJobs( std::vector< LayerRenderJob > &firstPassJobs, LabelRenderJob &labelJob ) SIP_SKIP;

    //! \note not available in Python bindings
    static QImage composeImage( const QgsMapSettings &settings,
                                const std::vector< LayerRenderJob > &jobs,
                                const LabelRenderJob &labelJob,
                                const QgsMapRendererCache *cache = nullptr ) SIP_SKIP;

    //! \note not available in Python bindings
    static QImage layerImageToBeComposed( const QgsMapSettings &settings, const LayerRenderJob &job, const QgsMapRendererCache *cache ) SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * Compose second pass images into first pass images.
     * First pass jobs pointed to by the second pass jobs must still exist.
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     * \since QGIS 3.12
     */
    static void composeSecondPass( std::vector< LayerRenderJob > &secondPassJobs, LabelRenderJob &labelJob ) SIP_SKIP;

    //! \note not available in Python bindings
    void logRenderingTime( const std::vector< LayerRenderJob > &jobs, const std::vector< LayerRenderJob > &secondPassJobs, const LabelRenderJob &labelJob ) SIP_SKIP;

    //! \note not available in Python bindings
    void cleanupJobs( std::vector< LayerRenderJob > &jobs ) SIP_SKIP;

    //! \note not available in Python bindings
    void cleanupSecondPassJobs( std::vector< LayerRenderJob > &jobs ) SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * Handles clean up tasks for a label job, including deletion of images and storing cached
     * label results.
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     * \since QGIS 3.0
     */
    void cleanupLabelJob( LabelRenderJob &job ) SIP_SKIP;

    /**
     * \note not available in Python bindings
     * \deprecated Will be removed in QGIS 4.0
     */
    Q_DECL_DEPRECATED static void drawLabeling( const QgsMapSettings &settings, QgsRenderContext &renderContext, QgsLabelingEngine *labelingEngine2, QPainter *painter ) SIP_SKIP;

    //! \note not available in Python bindings
    static void drawLabeling( QgsRenderContext &renderContext, QgsLabelingEngine *labelingEngine2, QPainter *painter ) SIP_SKIP;

  private:

    /**
     * Convenience function to project an extent into the layer source
     * CRS, but also split it into two extents if it crosses
     * the +/- 180 degree line. Modifies the given extent to be in the
     * source CRS coordinates, and if it was split also sets the contents
     * of the r2 parameter.
     *
     * If FALSE is returned then the extent could not be accurately
     * transformed to the layer's CRS, and a "full globe" extent
     * was used instead.
     */
    static bool reprojectToLayerExtent( const QgsMapLayer *ml, const QgsCoordinateTransform &ct, QgsRectangle &extent, QgsRectangle &r2 );

    const QgsFeatureFilterProvider *mFeatureFilterProvider = nullptr;

    //! Convenient method to allocate a new image and stack an error if not enough memory is available
    QImage *allocateImage( QString layerId );

    //! Convenient method to allocate a new image and a new QPainter on this image
    QPainter *allocateImageAndPainter( QString layerId, QImage *&image );

    /**
     *  This pure virtual method has to be implemented in derived class for starting the rendering.
     *  This method is called in start() method after ckecking if the map can be rendered.
     *  \since QGIS 3.20
     */
    virtual void startPrivate() = 0;

};


/**
 * \ingroup core
 * \brief Intermediate base class adding functionality that allows client to query the rendered image.
 *
 * The image can be queried even while the rendering is still in progress to get intermediate result
 *
 * \since QGIS 2.4
 */
class CORE_EXPORT QgsMapRendererQImageJob : public QgsMapRendererJob SIP_ABSTRACT
{
    Q_OBJECT

  public:
    QgsMapRendererQImageJob( const QgsMapSettings &settings );

    //! Gets a preview/resulting image
    virtual QImage renderedImage() = 0;

};


#endif // QGSMAPRENDERERJOB_H