1# 2# This file is part of: 3# 4# gpsman --- GPS Manager: a manager for GPS receiver data 5# 6# Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Miguel Filgueiras migfilg@t-online.de 7# 8# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 9# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 10# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or 11# (at your option) any later version. 12# 13# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 14# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 15# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 16# GNU General Public License for more details. 17# 18# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 19# along with this program. 20# 21# File: geod.tcl 22# Last change: 6 October 2013 23# 24 25## Most of the geodetic information herein taken or adopted from 26# Kenneth Foote pages, Department of Geography, The University of 27# Colorado at Boulder 28# http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/datum/edlist.html 29# geotrans - an open source coordinate transformation tool from the 30# USA National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) 31# http://www.remotesensing.org 32# gpstrans - a program to communicate with garmin gps 33# containing parts taken from John F. Waers (jfwaers _AT_ csn.net) 34# program MacGPS. 35# Copyright (c) 1995 by Carsten Tschach (tschach _AT_ zedat.fu-berlin.de) 36# International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC), 37# Enschede, http://kartoweb.itc.nl/geometrics 38# Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) 39# http://www.linz.govt.nz/rcs/linz/pub/web/root/core/SurveySystem/GeodeticInfo/geodeticdatums/index.jsp 40## 41# 42## Some geodetic information kindly provided by 43# Luisa Bastos, Universidade do Porto 44# Attila Berenyi (berenyi.attila _AT_ gmail.com) 45## 46# 47## Some more definitions taken from: 48# - the PROJ4.0 package by Gerald I. Evenden (gie _AT_ kai.er.usgs.gov) 49# - (Austrian Datum), http://homepage.ntlworld.com/anton.helm/bmn_mgi.html 50# - GPSTrackMaker by Odilon Ferreira (www.gpstm.com) 51# - Hungarian Datum 72: http://ftp/gps/honlap-jan2002.pdf, September 2008 52## 53# 54## New way of representing datums with GDATUM and ELLPSDDEF arrays, and 55# proc EllipsdData based on contribution by Stefan Heinen 56# (stefan.heinen _AT_ djh-freeweb.de) 57## 58 59proc EllipsdData {datum} { 60 # based on contribution by Stefan Heinen 61 # yield the ellipsoid data for datum as a list with 62 # a - semi-major axis (as float) 63 # f - flattening (as float) 64 # dx, dy, dz - translation of center 65 global GDATUM ELLPSDDEF 66 67 set d [lrange $GDATUM($datum) 0 3] 68 set def $ELLPSDDEF([lindex $d 0]) 69 return [lreplace $d 0 0 \ 70 [expr 1.0*[lindex $def 0]] [expr 1.0/[lindex $def 1]]] 71} 72 73proc EllipsdOf {datum} { 74 # return ellipsoid name for $datum or "" on error 75 global GDATUM 76 77 if { [catch {set e [lindex $GDATUM($datum) 0]}] } { return "" } 78 return $e 79} 80 81proc DatumRefId {datum} { 82 # return reference id of $datum or -1 if unknown datum 83 # if the reference id is a number it is the one used by GPStrans 84 global GDATUM 85 86 if { [lsearch -exact [array names GDATUM] $datum] == -1 } { return -1 } 87 return [lindex $GDATUM($datum) 4] 88} 89 90proc DatumWithRefId {n} { 91 # return name of datum whose reference id is $n or -1 if there is none 92 # if the reference id is a number it is the one used by GPStrans 93 global GDATUM 94 95 foreach datum [array names GDATUM] { 96 if { [lindex $GDATUM($datum) 4] == $n } { return $datum } 97 } 98 return -1 99} 100 101# definitions of known datums and ellipsoids 102 103###### known datums 104 # when changing this list make sure you update the definitions below 105 106## description of predefined datum menu 107 108set PREDEFDATUMDESCR \ 109 [list "WGS 84" "WGS 72" \ 110 --- \ 111 @ [list Europe \ 112 Austrian "Austrian (MGI)" "CH-1903" "Datum 73" \ 113 "Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz" \ 114 "Estonia Coord System 1937" "ED73" \ 115 @ [list "European 1950" \ 116 "European 1950" "European 1950; Belgium" \ 117 "European 1950; Cyprus" \ 118 "European 1950; Egypt" "European 1950; England Channel" \ 119 "European 1950; England" "European 1950; Finland+Norway" \ 120 "European 1950; Greece" "European 1950; Iran" \ 121 "European 1950; Italy (Sardinia)" \ 122 "European 1950; Italy (Sicily)" "European 1950; Malta" \ 123 "European 1950; NW Europe" "European 1950; Middle East" \ 124 "European 1950; Portugal+Spain" "European 1950; Tunisia"] \ 125 "European 1979" \ 126 "Finland Hayford" "Graciosa Base SW 1948" "Hermannskogel" \ 127 "Hermannskogel; old Yugoslavia" "Hjorsey 1955" \ 128 "Hungarian Datum 1972" "Ireland 1965" "Lisboa" "NGO 1948" \ 129 Norsk "NTF (Nouvelle Triangulation de France)" \ 130 "NTF (NTF ellipsoid)" \ 131 "Observatorio 1966" \ 132 @ [list "Ord Srvy Grt Britn" \ 133 "Ord Srvy Grt Britn" "Ord Srvy Grt Britn; England" \ 134 "Ord Srvy Grt Britn; England+Wales" \ 135 "Ord Srvy Grt Britn; Scotland+Shetlands" \ 136 "Ord Srvy Grt Britn; Wales"] \ 137 "Pico De Las Nieves" \ 138 "Porto Santo 1936" Potsdam "Pulkovo 1942" "Rome 1940" \ 139 "Rome 1940; Luxembourg" "Rijks Driehoeksmeting" "RT 90" \ 140 @ [list "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942)" \ 141 "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Albania" \ 142 "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Czechoslavakia" \ 143 "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Hungary" \ 144 "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Kazakhstan" \ 145 "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Latvia" \ 146 "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Romania" \ 147 "S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Poland"] \ 148 "S-JTSK" "Sao Braz" \ 149 "Southeast Base" "Southwest Base"] \ 150 @ [list America \ 151 "Bermuda 1957" "Bogota Observatory" "Campo Inchauspe" \ 152 "Cape Canaveral" "Chua Astro" "Corrego Alegre" \ 153 "Gan 1970" \ 154 @ [list NAD27 \ 155 "NAD27 Alaska" "NAD27 Alaska; Aleutian East" \ 156 "NAD27 Alaska; Aleutian West" "NAD27 Bahamas" \ 157 "NAD27 Canada" "NAD27 Canada West" "NAD27 Canada Middle" \ 158 "NAD27 Canada East" "NAD27 Canada North" \ 159 "NAD27 Canada Yukon" "NAD27 Canal Zone" "NAD27 Caribbean" \ 160 "NAD27 Central" "NAD27 CONUS" "NAD27 CONUS East" \ 161 "NAD27 CONUS West" "NAD27 Cuba" \ 162 "NAD27 Greenland" "NAD27 Mexico" "NAD27 San Salvador"] \ 163 @ [list NAD83 \ 164 "NAD83" "NAD83; Aleutian Ids" "NAD83; Canada" \ 165 "NAD83; CONUS" "NAD83; Hawaii" "NAD83; Mexico"] \ 166 "Naparima BWI" \ 167 @ [list "Old Hawaiian" \ 168 "Old Hawaiian" "Old Hawaiian; Hawaii" \ 169 "Old Hawaiian; Kauai" "Old Hawaiian; Maui" \ 170 "Old Hawaiian; Oahu" "Old Hawaiian (Int)" \ 171 "Old Hawaiian (Int); Hawaii" "Old Hawaiian (Int); Kauai" \ 172 "Old Hawaiian (Int); Maui" "Old Hawaiian (Int); Oahu"] \ 173 @ [list "Prov So Amrican `56" \ 174 "Prov So Amrican `56" "Prov So Amrican 56; Bolivia" \ 175 "Prov So Amrican 56; Chile North" \ 176 "Prov So Amrican 56; Chile South" \ 177 "Prov So Amrican 56; Colombia" \ 178 "Prov So Amrican 56; Ecuador" "Prov So Amrican 56; Guyana" \ 179 "Prov So Amrican 56; Peru" \ 180 "Prov So Amrican 56; Venezuela"] \ 181 "Prov So Chilean `63" "Puerto Rico" "Qornoq" \ 182 "Reunion" "Sapper Hill 1943" \ 183 @ [list "South American `69" \ 184 "South American `69" "South American 69; Argentina" \ 185 "South American 69; Baltra" \ 186 "South American 69; Bolivia" "South American 69; Brazil" \ 187 "South American 69; Brazil/IBGE" \ 188 "South American 69; Chile" "South American 69; Colombia" \ 189 "South American 69; Ecuador" \ 190 "South American 69; Ecuador Galapagos" \ 191 "South American 69; Guyana" "South American 69; Paraguay" \ 192 "South American 69; Peru" \ 193 "South American 69; Trinidad+Tobago" \ 194 "South American 69; Venezuela"] \ 195 "Yacare"] \ 196 @ [list Africa \ 197 @ [list Adindan \ 198 "Adindan" "Adindan; B Faso" "Adindan; Cameroon" \ 199 "Adindan; Ethiopia" "Adindan; Ethiopia+Sudan" \ 200 "Adindan; Mali" "Adindan; Senegal" "Adindan; Sudan"] \ 201 "Afgooye" \ 202 @ [ list "Arc 1950" \ 203 "Arc 1950" "Arc 1950; Botswana" "Arc 1950; Burundi" \ 204 "Arc 1950; Lesotho" "Arc 1950; Malawi" \ 205 "Arc 1950; Swaziland" "Arc 1950; Zaire" \ 206 "Arc 1950; Zambia" "Arc 1950; Zimbabwe"] \ 207 @ [list "Arc 1960" \ 208 "Arc 1960" "Arc 1960; Kenya" "Arc 1960; Kenya+Tanzania" \ 209 "Arc 1960; Tanzania"] \ 210 "Astro DOS 71/4" "Ayabelle Lighthouse" \ 211 "Bissau" "Cape" "Carthage" "Dabola" "Egypt" \ 212 "European 1950; Tunisia" "Leigon" \ 213 "Liberia 1964" "M'Poraloko" "Massawa" \ 214 "Merchich" "Minna" "Minna; Cameroon" "North Sahara 1959" \ 215 "Old Egyptian" "Point 58" "Pointe Noire 1948" "Schwarzeck" \ 216 "Sierra Leone" "Tananarive Observatory 1925" \ 217 "Tristan Astro 1968" "Voirol 1874" "Voirol 1960" "Zanderij"] \ 218 @ [list "Middle East" \ 219 @ [list "Ain el Abd 1970" \ 220 "Ain el Abd 1970" "Ain el Abd 1970; Bahrain" \ 221 "Ain el Abd 1970; Saudi Arabia"] \ 222 @ [list "European 1950" \ 223 "European 1950; Iran" "European 1950; Middle East"] \ 224 "Herat North" "Nahrwn Masirah Ilnd" \ 225 "Nahrwn Saudi Arbia" "Nahrwn United Arab" "Oman"] \ 226 @ [list Asia \ 227 "Bukit Rimpah" "Gunung Segara" "Hong Kong 1963" \ 228 "Hu-Tzu-Shan" "Indian (Bangladesh)" "Indian (India, Nepal)" \ 229 "Indian (Pakistan)" "Indian Thailand" "Indian 1954" \ 230 "Indian 1960; Vietnam (Con Son)" "Indian 1960; Vietnam (N16)" \ 231 "Indian 1975" "Indonesian 1974" "Kandawala" \ 232 "Korean Geodetic System" "South Asia" \ 233 @ [list "Tokyo" \ 234 "Tokyo" "Tokyo; Japan" "Tokyo; Okinawa" \ 235 "Tokyo; South Korea"] \ 236 ] \ 237 @ [list "Australia, NZ" \ 238 "Australian Geod `66" "Australian Geod `84" \ 239 "Geodetic Datum `49"] \ 240 @ [list "$TXT(others) \[A-I\]" \ 241 "American Samoa 1962" "Anna 1 Astro 1965" \ 242 "Antigua Island Astro 1943" "Ascension Island `58" \ 243 "Astro B4 Sorol Atoll" "Astro Beacon \"E\"" \ 244 "Astronomic Stn `52" "Astro Tern Island (FRIG)" \ 245 "Bellevue (IGN)" "Camp Area Astro" "Canton Astro 1966" \ 246 "Chatham 1971" "Deception Island" "Dionisos" \ 247 "Djakarta (Batavia)" \ 248 "DOS 1968" "Easter Island 1967" "Fort Thomas 1955" \ 249 "Gandajika Base" "Guam 1963" \ 250 "GUX 1 Astro" Israeli "ISTS 061 Astro 1968" \ 251 "ISTS 073 Astro `69"] \ 252 @ [list "$TXT(others) \[J-Z\]" \ 253 "Johnston Island" "Johnston Island 1961" "K12 Astro 1955" \ 254 "Kerguelen Island" "Kertau 1948" "Kusaie Astro 1951" \ 255 "L.C. 5 Astro" "Luzon Mindanao" "Luzon Philippines" \ 256 "Mahe 1971" "Marco Astro" "Midway Astro 1961" \ 257 "Montserrat Island Astro 1958" \ 258 "Pitcairn Astro 1967" "Qatar National" "Santo (DOS)" \ 259 "Selvagem Grande 1938" "Timbalai 1948" "Viti Levu 1916" \ 260 "Wake Island Astro 1952" "Wake-Eniwetok `60"] 261 ] 262 263proc FillDatumMenu {menu commdargs args} { 264 # fill menu with known datum names 265 # see proc FillMenu (utils.tcl) for the details on the arguments 266 # $args not used 267 global TXT DefSpecs PREDEFDATUMDESCR 268 global $DefSpecs(datum,ulist) 269 270 set descr $PREDEFDATUMDESCR 271 set ulist [set $DefSpecs(datum,ulist)] 272 if { $ulist != "" } { 273 set ud [linsert $ulist 0 "$TXT(userdefs)..."] 274 set descr [linsert $descr 0 @ $ud ---] 275 } 276 FillMenu $menu $commdargs $descr 277 return 278} 279 280## datum definitions 281# index of GDATUM is datum name 282# each list contains: 283# - ellipsoid name 284# - dx, dy, dz 285# - reference id; if a number, it is the number used by GPStrans 286# - comment 287# (the following elements are not being used and may be absent) 288# - expected error estimate in metres: ex, ey, ez (-1 for unknown) 289# - number of satellite measurement stations (0 for unknown) 290# - min, max lat and min, max long in signed degrees (empty or "_" if unknown) 291 292array set GDATUM { 293"Adindan" { "Clarke 1880" 294 -162 -12 206 295 0 "Mean for Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan" -1 -1 -1 0} 296 297"Adindan; B Faso" { "Clarke 1880" 298 -118 -14 218 299 0a "Burkina Faso" 25 25 25 1 4 22 -5 8} 300 301"Adindan; Cameroon" { "Clarke 1880" 302 -134 -2 210 303 0b "" 25 25 25 1 -4 19 3 23} 304 305"Adindan; Ethiopia" { "Clarke 1880" 306 -165 -11 206 307 0c "" 3 3 3 8 -3 25 26 50} 308 309"Adindan; Ethiopia+Sudan" { "Clarke 1880" 310 -166 -15 204 311 0c1 "" 5 5 3 22 -5 31 15 55} 312 313"Adindan; Mali" { "Clarke 1880" 314 -123 -20 220 315 0d "" 25 25 25 1 3 31 -20 11} 316 317"Adindan; Senegal" { "Clarke 1880" 318 -128 -18 224 319 0e "" 25 25 25 2 5 23 -24 -5} 320 321"Adindan; Sudan" { "Clarke 1880" 322 -161 -14 205 323 0f "" 3 5 3 14 -3 31 15 45} 324 325"Afgooye" { "Krassovsky 1940" 326 -43 -163 45 327 1 "Somalia" 25 25 25 1 -8 19 35 60} 328 329"Ain el Abd 1970" { "International 1924" 330 -150 -251 -2 331 2 "Mean for Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia" -1 -1 -1 0} 332 333"Ain el Abd 1970; Bahrain" { "International 1924" 334 -150 -250 -1 335 2a "" 25 25 25 2 24 28 49 53} 336 337"Ain el Abd 1970; Saudi Arabia" { "International 1924" 338 -143 -236 7 339 2b "" 10 10 10 9 8 38 28 62} 340 341"Anna 1 Astro 1965" { "Australian National" 342 -491 -22 435 343 3 "Cocos Islands" 25 25 25 1 -14 -10 94 99} 344 345"Arc 1950" { "Clarke 1880" 346 -143 -90 -294 347 4 "Mean for Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" 348 20 33 20 41 -36 10 4 42} 349 350"Arc 1950; Botswana" { "Clarke 1880" 351 -138 -105 -289 352 4a "" 3 5 3 9 -33 -13 13 36} 353 354"Arc 1950; Burundi" { "Clarke 1880" 355 -153 -5 -292 356 4b "" 20 20 20 3 -11 4 21 37} 357 358"Arc 1950; Lesotho" { "Clarke 1880" 359 -125 -108 -295 360 4c "" 3 3 8 5 -36 -23 21 35} 361 362"Arc 1950; Malawi" { "Clarke 1880" 363 -161 -73 -317 364 4d "" 9 24 8 6 -21 -3 26 42} 365 366"Arc 1950; Swaziland" { "Clarke 1880" 367 -134 -105 -295 368 4e "" 15 15 15 4 -33 -20 25 40} 369 370"Arc 1950; Zaire" { "Clarke 1880" 371 -169 -19 -278 372 4f "" 25 25 25 2 -21 10 4 38} 373 374"Arc 1950; Zambia" { "Clarke 1880" 375 -147 -74 -283 376 4g "" 21 21 27 5 -24 -1 15 40} 377 378"Arc 1950; Zimbabwe" { "Clarke 1880" 379 -142 -96 -293 380 4h "" 5 8 11 10 -29 -9 19 39} 381 382"Arc 1960" { "Clarke 1880" 383 -160 -8 -300 384 5 "Kenya, Tanzania" -1 -1 -1 0} 385 386"Arc 1960; Kenya+Tanzania" { "Clarke 1880" 387 -160 -6 -302 388 5a "" 20 20 20 25 -18 8 23 47} 389 390"Arc 1960; Kenya" { "Clarke 1880" 391 -157 -2 -299 392 5b "" 4 3 3 24 -11 8 28 47} 393 394"Arc 1960; Tanzania" { "Clarke 1880" 395 -175 -23 -303 396 5c "" 6 9 10 12 -18 5 23 47} 397 398"Ascension Island `58" { "International 1924" 399 -205 107 53 400 6 "GPStrans gives: -207 107 52" 25 25 25 2 -9 -6 -16 -13} 401 402"Astro B4 Sorol Atoll" { "International 1924" 403 114 -116 -333 404 7 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 405 406"Astro Beacon \"E\"" { "International 1924" 407 145 75 -272 408 8 "Iwo Jima" 25 25 25 1 22 26 140 144} 409 410"Astro DOS 71/4" { "International 1924" 411 -320 550 -494 412 9 "St Helena Island" 25 25 25 1 -18 -14 -7 -4} 413 414"Astronomic Stn `52" { "International 1924" 415 124 -234 -25 416 10 "Marcus Island" 25 25 25 1 22 26 152 156} 417 418"Australian Geod `66" { "Australian National" 419 -133 -48 148 420 11 "Australia; Tasmania" 3 3 3 105 -46 -4 109 161} 421 422"Australian Geod `84" { "Australian National" 423 -134 -48 149 424 12 "Australia; Tasmania" 2 2 2 90 -46 -4 109 161} 425 426"Bellevue (IGN)" { "International 1924" 427 -127 -769 472 428 13 "Efate and Erromango Islands" 20 20 20 3 -20 -16 167 171} 429 430"Bermuda 1957" { "Clarke 1866" 431 -73 213 296 432 14 "" 20 20 20 3 31 34 -66 -63} 433 434"Bogota Observatory" { "International 1924" 435 307 304 -318 436 15 "Colombia" 6 5 6 7 -10 16 -85 -61} 437 438"Campo Inchauspe" { "International 1924" 439 -148 136 90 440 16 "Argentina" 5 5 5 20 -58 -27 -72 -51} 441 442"Canton Astro 1966" { "International 1924" 443 298 -304 -375 444 17 "Phoenix Islands" 15 15 15 4 -13 3 -180 -165} 445 446"Cape" { "Clarke 1880" 447 -136 -108 -292 448 18 "South Africa" 3 6 6 5 -43 -15 10 40} 449 450"Cape Canaveral" { "Clarke 1866" 451 -2 151 181 452 19 "Bahamas, Florida" 3 3 3 19 15 38 -94 -12} 453 454"Carthage" { "Clarke 1880" 455 -263 6 431 456 20 "Tunisia" 6 9 8 5 24 43 2 18} 457 458"CH-1903" { "Bessel 1841" 459 674 15 405 460 21 "Switzerland"} 461 462"Chatham 1971" { "International 1924" 463 175 -38 113 464 22 "New Zealand (Chatham Island)" 15 15 15 4 -46 -42 -180 -174} 465 466"Chua Astro" { "International 1924" 467 -134 229 -29 468 23 "Paraguay" 6 9 5 6 -33 -14 -69 -49} 469 470"Corrego Alegre" { "International 1924" 471 -206 172 -6 472 24 "Brazil" 5 3 5 17 -39 -2 -80 -29} 473 474"Djakarta (Batavia)" { "Bessel 1841" 475 -377 681 -50 476 25 "Indonesia (Sumatra)" 3 3 3 5 -16 11 89 146} 477 478"DOS 1968" { "International 1924" 479 230 -199 -752 480 26 "New Georgia Islands (Gizo Island)" 25 25 25 1 -10 -7 155 158} 481 482"Easter Island 1967" { "International 1924" 483 211 147 111 484 27 "" 25 25 25 1 -29 -26 -111 -108} 485 486"European 1950" { "International 1924" 487 -87 -98 -121 488 28 "Mean for Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, W Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland" 489 3 8 5 85 30 80 5 33} 490 491"European 1950; Cyprus" { "International 1924" 492 -104 -101 -140 493 28a "" 15 15 15 4 33 37 31 36} 494 495"European 1950; Egypt" { "International 1924" 496 -130 -117 -151 497 28b "" 6 8 8 14 16 38 19 42} 498 499"European 1950; England Channel" { "International 1924" 500 -86 -96 -120 501 28c "England, Channel Islands, Scotland, Shetland Islands" 502 3 3 3 40 48 62 -10 3} 503 504"European 1950; England" { "International 1924" 505 -86 -96 -120 506 28d "England, Ireland, Scotland, Shetland Islands" 3 3 3 47 48 62 -12 3} 507 508"European 1950; Finland+Norway" { "International 1924" 509 -87 -95 -120 510 28e "" 3 5 3 20 52 80 -2 38} 511 512"European 1950; Greece" { "International 1924" 513 -84 -95 -130 514 28f "" 25 25 25 2 30 48 14 34} 515 516"European 1950; Iran" { "International 1924" 517 -117 -132 -164 518 28g "" 9 12 11 27 19 47 37 69} 519 520"European 1950; Italy (Sardinia)" { "International 1924" 521 -97 -103 -120 522 28h "" 25 25 25 2 37 43 6 12} 523 524"European 1950; Italy (Sicily)" { "International 1924" 525 -97 -88 -135 526 28i "" 20 20 20 3 35 40 10 17} 527 528"European 1950; Malta" { "International 1924" 529 -107 -88 -149 530 28j "" 25 25 25 1 34 38 12 16} 531 532"European 1950; NW Europe" { "International 1924" 533 -87 -96 -120 534 28k "Mean for Austria, Denmark, France, W Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland" 535 3 3 3 52 30 78 -15 25} 536 537"European 1950; Middle East" { "International 1924" 538 -103 -106 -141 539 28l "Mean for Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Syria" 540 -1 -1 -1 0 4 38 36 57} 541 542"European 1950; Portugal+Spain" { "International 1924" 543 -84 -107 -120 544 28m "" 5 6 3 18 30 49 -15 10} 545 546"European 1950; Tunisia" { "International 1924" 547 -112 -77 -145 548 28n "" 25 25 25 4 24 43 2 18} 549 550"European 1979" { "International 1924" 551 -86 -98 -119 552 29 "Mean for Austria, Finland, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland" 553 3 3 3 22 30 80 -15 24} 554 555"Finland Hayford" { "International 1924" 556 -78 -231 -97 557 30 ""} 558 559"Gandajika Base" { "International 1924" 560 -133 -321 50 561 31 "Republic of Maldives"} 562 563"Geodetic Datum `49" { "International 1924" 564 84 -22 209 565 32 "NZGD49, New Zealand" 5 3 5 14 -48 -33 165 180} 566 567"Guam 1963" { "Clarke 1866" 568 -100 -248 259 569 33 "" 3 3 3 5 12 15 143 146} 570 571"GUX 1 Astro" { "International 1924" 572 252 -209 -751 573 34 "Guadalcanal Island" 25 25 25 1 -12 -8 158 163} 574 575"Hjorsey 1955" { "International 1924" 576 -73 46 -86 577 35 "Iceland" 3 3 6 6 61 69 -24 -11} 578 579"Hong Kong 1963" { "International 1924" 580 -156 -271 -189 581 36 "" 25 25 25 2 21 24 112 116} 582 583"Indian (Bangladesh)" {"Everest (India 1830)" 584 282 726 254 585 37 "GPStrans gives: 289 734 257" 10 8 12 6 15 33 80 100} 586 587"Indian Thailand" { "Everest (India 1830)" 588 214 836 303 589 38 "Thailand, Vietnam"} 590 591"Ireland 1965" { "Modified Airy" 592 506 -122 611 593 39 "" 3 3 3 7 50 57 -12 -4} 594 595"ISTS 073 Astro `69" { "International 1924" 596 208 -435 -229 597 40 "Diego Garcia, South Georgia Islands" 25 25 25 2 -10 -4 69 75} 598 599"Johnston Island" { "International 1924" 600 189 -79 -202 601 41 "GPStrans gives: 191 -77 -204" 25 25 25 1 -46 -43 -76 -73} 602 603"Kandawala" { "Everest (India 1830)" 604 -97 787 86 605 42 "Sri Lanka" 20 20 20 3 4 12 77 85} 606 607"Kerguelen Island" { "International 1924" 608 145 -187 103 609 43 "" 25 25 25 1 -81 -74 139 180} 610 611"Kertau 1948" { "Everest (1948)" 612 -11 851 5 613 44 "West Malaysia and Singapore" 10 8 6 6 -5 12 94 112} 614 615"L.C. 5 Astro" { "Clarke 1866" 616 42 124 147 617 45 "Cayman Brac Island" 25 25 25 1 18 21 -81 -78} 618 619"Liberia 1964" { "Clarke 1880" 620 -90 40 88 621 46 "" 15 15 15 4 -1 14 -17 -1} 622 623"Luzon Mindanao" { "Clarke 1866" 624 -133 -79 -72 625 47 "Also known as: Luzon" 25 25 25 1 4 12 120 128} 626 627"Luzon Philippines" { "Clarke 1866" 628 -133 -77 -51 629 48 "Excluding Mindanao" 8 11 9 6 3 23 115 128} 630 631"Mahe 1971" { "Clarke 1880" 632 41 -220 -134 633 49 "Mahe Island" 25 25 25 1 -6 -3 54 57} 634 635"Marco Astro" { "International 1924" 636 -289 -124 60 637 50 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 638 639"Massawa" { "Bessel 1841" 640 639 405 60 641 51 "Ethiopia (Eritrea)" 25 25 25 1 7 25 37 53} 642 643"Merchich" { "Clarke 1880" 644 31 146 47 645 52 "Morocco" 5 3 3 9 22 42 -19 5} 646 647"Midway Astro 1961" { "International 1924" 648 912 -58 1227 649 53 "Midway Islands" 25 25 25 1 25 30 -180 -169} 650 651"Minna" { "Clarke 1880" 652 -92 -93 122 653 54 "Nigeria" 3 6 5 6 -1 21 -4 20} 654 655"Minna; Cameroon" { "Clarke 1880" 656 -81 -84 115 657 54a "" 25 25 25 2 -4 19 3 23} 658 659"NAD27 Alaska" { "Clarke 1866" 660 -5 135 172 661 55 "Excluding Aleutian Ids" 5 9 5 47 47 78 -175 -157} 662 663"NAD27 Alaska; Aleutian East" { "Clarke 1866" 664 -2 152 149 665 55a "Alaska (Aleutian Islands East of 180W)" 6 8 10 6 50 58 -180 -161} 666 667"NAD27 Alaska; Aleutian West" { "Clarke 1866" 668 2 204 105 669 55b "Alaska (Aleutian Islands West of 180W)" 10 10 10 5 50 58 169 180} 670 671"NAD27 Bahamas" { "Clarke 1866" 672 -4 154 178 673 56 "Except San Salvador Id)" 5 3 5 11 19 29 -83 -71} 674 675"NAD27 Canada" { "Clarke 1866" 676 -10 158 187 677 57 "Mean for Canada" 15 11 6 112 36 90 -150 -50} 678 679"NAD27 Canada West" { "Clarke 1866" 680 -7 162 188 681 57a "Canada (Alberta, British Columbia)" 8 8 6 25 43 65 -145 -105} 682 683"NAD27 Canada Middle" { "Clarke 1866" 684 -9 157 184 685 57b "Canada (Manitoba, Ontario)" 9 5 5 25 36 63 -108 -69} 686 687"NAD27 Canada East" { "Clarke 1866" 688 -22 160 190 689 57c "Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec)" 690 6 6 3 37 38 68 -85 -45} 691 692"NAD27 Canada North" { "Clarke 1866" 693 4 159 188 694 57d "Canada (Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan)" 5 5 3 17 43 90 -144 -55} 695 696"NAD27 Canada Yukon" { "Clarke 1866" 697 -7 139 181 698 57e "" 5 8 3 8 53 75 -147 -117} 699 700"NAD27 Canal Zone" { "Clarke 1866" 701 0 125 201 702 58 "" 20 20 20 3 3 15 -86 -74} 703 704"NAD27 Caribbean" { "Clarke 1866" 705 -3 142 183 706 59 "GPStrans gives -7 152 178\nMean for Antigua, Barbados, Barbuda, Caicos Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grand Cayman, Jamaica, Turks Islands" 707 3 9 12 15 8 29 -87 -58} 708 709"NAD27 Central" { "Clarke 1866" 710 0 125 194 711 60 "Mean for Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua" 712 8 3 5 19 3 25 -98 -77} 713 714"NAD27 CONUS" { "Clarke 1866" 715 -8 160 176 716 61 "" 5 5 6 405 15 60 -135 -60} 717 718"NAD27 CONUS East" { "Clarke 1866" 719 -9 161 179 720 61a "Mean for CONUS (West of Mississippi River Excluding Louisiana, Missouri, Minnesota)" 721 5 5 8 129 18 55 -102 -60} 722 723"NAD27 CONUS West" { "Clarke 1866" 724 -8 159 175 725 61b "" 5 3 3 276 19 55 -132 -87} 726 727"NAD27 Cuba" { "Clarke 1866" 728 -9 152 178 729 62 "" 25 25 25 1 18 25 -87 -78} 730 731"NAD27 Greenland" { "Clarke 1866" 732 11 114 195 733 63 "Greenland (Hayes Peninsula)" 25 25 25 1 74 81 74 56} 734 735"NAD27 Mexico" { "Clarke 1866" 736 -12 130 190 737 64 "" 8 6 6 22 10 38 -122 -80} 738 739"NAD27 San Salvador" { "Clarke 1866" 740 1 140 165 741 65 "" 25 25 25 1 23 26 -75 -74} 742 743"NAD83" { "GRS 80" 744 0 0 0 745 66 "Alaska (Excluding Aleutian Islands), Canada, CONUS, Central America, Mexico" 746 2 2 2 42 48 78 -175 -135} 747 748"NAD83; Aleutian Ids" { "GRS 80" 749 -2 0 4 750 66a "" 5 2 5 4 51 74 -180 180} 751 752"NAD83; Canada" { "GRS 80" 753 0 0 0 754 66b "Canada" 2 2 2 96 36 90 -150 -50} 755 756"NAD83; CONUS" { "GRS 80" 757 0 0 0 758 66c "CONUS" 2 2 2 216 15 60 -135 -60} 759 760"NAD83; Hawaii" { "GRS 80" 761 1 1 -1 762 66d "" 2 2 2 0 17 24 -164 -153} 763 764"NAD83; Mexico" {"GRS 80" 765 0 0 0 766 66e "Mexico; Central America" 2 2 2 25 28 11 -122 -72} 767 768"Nahrwn Masirah Ilnd" { "Clarke 1880" 769 -247 -148 369 770 67 "" 25 25 25 2 19 22 57 60} 771 772"Nahrwn Saudi Arbia" { "Clarke 1880" 773 -243 -192 477 774 68 "GPStrans gives: -231 -196 482" 20 20 20 3 8 38 28 62} 775 776"Nahrwn United Arab" { "Clarke 1880" 777 -249 -156 381 778 69 "United Arab Emirates" 25 25 25 2 17 32 45 62} 779 780"Naparima BWI" { "International 1924" 781 -10 375 165 782 70 "Trinidad and Tobago; GPStrans gives: -2 374 172" 783 15 15 15 4 8 13 -64 -59} 784 785"Observatorio 1966" { "International 1924" 786 -425 -169 81 787 71 "Azores (Corvo and Flores Islands); also known as: Observatorio Meteorologico 1939" 788 20 20 20 3 38 41 -33 -30} 789 790"Old Egyptian" { "Helmert 1906" 791 -130 110 -13 792 72 "" 3 6 8 14 16 38 19 42} 793 794"Old Hawaiian" { "Clarke 1866" 795 61 -285 -181 796 73 "Mean for Hawaii, Kauai, Maui, Oahu" 25 20 20 15 17 24 -164 -153} 797 798"Old Hawaiian; Hawaii" { "Clarke 1866" 799 89 -279 -183 800 73a "" 25 25 25 2 17 22 -158 -153} 801 802"Old Hawaiian; Kauai" { "Clarke 1866" 803 45 -290 -172 804 73b "" 20 20 20 3 20 24 -161 -158} 805 806"Old Hawaiian; Maui" { "Clarke 1866" 807 65 -290 -190 808 73c "" 25 25 25 2 19 23 -158 -154} 809 810"Old Hawaiian; Oahu" { "Clarke 1866" 811 58 -283 -182 812 73d "" 10 6 6 8 20 23 -160 -156} 813 814"Old Hawaiian (Int)" { "International 1924" 815 201 -228 -346 816 73e "Mean for Hawaii, Kauai, Maui, Oahu" 25 20 20 0 17 24 -164 -153} 817 818"Old Hawaiian (Int); Hawaii" { "International 1924" 819 229 -222 -348 820 73f "" 25 25 25 0 17 22 -158 -153} 821 822"Old Hawaiian (Int); Kauai" { "International 1924" 823 185 -233 -337 824 73g "" 20 20 20 0 20 24 -161 -158} 825 826"Old Hawaiian (Int); Maui" { "International 1924" 827 205 -233 -355 828 73h "" 25 25 25 0 19 23 -158 -154} 829 830"Old Hawaiian (Int); Oahu" { "International 1924" 831 198 -226 -347 832 73i "" 10 6 6 0 20 23 -160 -156} 833 834"Oman" { "Clarke 1880" 835 -346 -1 224 836 74 "" 3 3 9 7 10 32 46 65} 837 838"Ord Srvy Grt Britn" { "Airy 1830" 839 375 -111 431 840 75 "Ordnance Survey Great Britain 1936\nMean for England, Isle of Man, Scotland, Shetland Islands, Wales" 841 10 10 15 38 44 66 -14 7} 842 843"Ord Srvy Grt Britn; England" { "Airy 1830" 844 371 -112 434 845 75a "" 5 5 6 21 44 61 -12 7} 846 847"Ord Srvy Grt Britn; England+Wales" { "Airy 1830" 848 371 -111 434 849 75b "England, Isle of Man, Wales" 10 10 15 25 44 61 -12 7} 850 851"Ord Srvy Grt Britn; Scotland+Shetlands" { "Airy 1830" 852 384 -111 425 853 75c "Scotland, Shetland Islands" 10 10 10 13 49 66 -14 4} 854 855"Ord Srvy Grt Britn; Wales" { "Airy 1830" 856 370 -108 434 857 75d "" 20 20 20 3 46 59 -11 3} 858 859"Pico De Las Nieves" { "International 1924" 860 -307 -92 127 861 76 "Canary Islands" 25 25 25 1 26 31 -20 -12} 862 863"Pitcairn Astro 1967" { "International 1924" 864 185 165 42 865 77 "Pitcairn Island" 25 25 25 1 -27 -21 -134 -119} 866 867"Prov So Amrican `56" { "International 1924" 868 -288 175 -376 869 78 "Provisional South American 1956\nMean for Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela" 870 17 27 27 63 -64 18 -87 -51} 871 872"Prov So Amrican 56; Bolivia" { "International 1924" 873 -270 188 -388 874 78a "" 5 11 14 5 -28 -4 -75 -51} 875 876"Prov So Amrican 56; Chile North" { "International 1924" 877 -270 183 -390 878 78b "Chile (Northern, Near S19)" 25 25 25 1 -45 -12 -83 -60} 879 880"Prov So Amrican 56; Chile South" { "International 1924" 881 -305 243 -442 882 78c "Chile (Southern, Near S43)" 20 20 20 3 -64 -20 -83 -60} 883 884"Prov So Amrican 56; Colombia" { "International 1924" 885 -282 169 -371 886 78d "" 15 15 15 4 -10 16 -85 -61} 887 888"Prov So Amrican 56; Ecuador" { "International 1924" 889 -278 171 -367 890 78e "" 3 5 3 11 -11 7 -85 -70} 891 892"Prov So Amrican 56; Guyana" { "International 1924" 893 -298 159 -369 894 78f "" 6 14 5 9 -4 14 -67 -51} 895 896"Prov So Amrican 56; Peru" { "International 1924" 897 -279 175 -379 898 78g "" 6 8 12 6 -24 5 -87 -63} 899 900"Prov So Amrican 56; Venezuela" { "International 1924" 901 -295 173 -371 902 78h "" 9 14 15 24 -5 18 -79 -54} 903 904"Prov So Chilean `63" { "International 1924" 905 16 196 93 906 79 "Chile (Near S53); (Hito XVIII)" 25 25 25 2 -64 -25 -83 -60} 907 908"Puerto Rico" { "Clarke 1866" 909 11 72 -101 910 80 "Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands" 3 3 3 11 16 20 -69 -63} 911 912"Qatar National" { "International 1924" 913 -128 -283 22 914 81 "" 20 20 20 3 19 32 45 57} 915 916"Qornoq" { "International 1924" 917 164 138 -189 918 82 "Greenland (South)" 25 25 32 2 57 85 -77 -7} 919 920"Reunion" { "International 1924" 921 94 -948 -1262 922 83 "Mascarenhas Islands" 25 25 25 1 -27 -12 47 65} 923 924"Rome 1940" { "International 1924" 925 -225 -65 9 926 84 "Italy (Sardinia)" 25 25 25 1 37 43 6 12} 927 928"RT 90" { "Bessel 1841" 929 498 -36 568 930 85 "Sweden"} 931 932"Santo (DOS)" { "International 1924" 933 170 42 84 934 86 "Espirito Santo Island" 25 25 25 1 -17 -13 160 169} 935 936"Sao Braz" { "International 1924" 937 -203 141 53 938 87 "Azores (Sao Miguel, Santa Maria Ids)" 25 25 25 2 35 39 -27 -23} 939 940"Sapper Hill 1943" { "International 1924" 941 -355 21 72 942 88 "East Falkland Island; GPStrans gives: -355 16 74" 943 1 1 1 5 -54 -50 -61 -56} 944 945"Schwarzeck" { "Bessel 1841 (Namibia)" 946 616 97 -251 947 89 "Namibia" 20 20 20 3 -35 -11 5 31} 948 949"South American `69" { "South American 1969" 950 -57 1 -41 951 90 "Mean for Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela" 952 15 6 9 84 -65 -50 -90 -25} 953 954"South American 69; Argentina" { "South American 1969" 955 -62 -1 -37 956 90a "" 5 5 5 10 -62 -23 -76 -47} 957 958"South American 69; Baltra" { "South American 1969" 959 -47 26 -42 960 90b "" 25 25 25 0 -2 1 -92 -89} 961 962"South American 69; Bolivia" { "South American 1969" 963 -61 2 -48 964 90c "" 15 15 15 4 -28 -4 -75 -51} 965 966"South American 69; Brazil" { "South American 1969" 967 -60 -2 -41 968 90d "" 3 5 5 22 -39 -2 -80 -29} 969 970"South American 69; Chile" { "South American 1969" 971 -75 -1 -44 972 90e "" 15 8 11 9 -64 -12 -83 -60} 973 974"South American 69; Colombia" { "South American 1969" 975 -44 6 -36 976 90f "" 6 6 5 7 -10 16 -85 -61} 977 978"South American 69; Ecuador" { "South American 1969" 979 -48 3 -44 980 90g "" 3 3 3 11 -11 7 -85 -70} 981 982"South American 69; Ecuador Galapagos" { "South American 1969" 983 -47 26 -42 984 90h "Ecuador (Baltra, Galapagos)" 25 25 25 1} 985 986"South American 69; Guyana" { "South American 1969" 987 -53 3 -47 988 90i "" 9 5 5 5 -4 14 -67 -51} 989 990"South American 69; Paraguay" { "South American 1969" 991 -61 2 -33 992 90j "" 15 15 15 4 -33 -14 -69 -49} 993 994"South American 69; Peru" { "South American 1969" 995 -58 0 -44 996 90k "" 5 5 5 6 -24 5 -87 -63} 997 998"South American 69; Trinidad+Tobago" { "South American 1969" 999 -45 12 -33 1000 90l "" 25 25 25 1 4 17 -68 -55} 1001 1002"South American 69; Venezuela" { "South American 1969" 1003 -45 8 -33 1004 90m "" 3 6 3 5 -5 18 -79 -54} 1005 1006"South Asia" { "Modified Fischer 1960" 1007 7 -10 -26 1008 91 "Singapore" 25 25 25 1 0 3 102 106} 1009 1010"Southeast Base" { "International 1924" 1011 -499 -249 314 1012 92 "= Porto Santo 1936"} 1013 1014"Southwest Base" { "International 1924" 1015 -104 167 -38 1016 93 "= Graciosa Base SW 1948"} 1017 1018"Timbalai 1948" { "Everest (Sabah Sarawak)" 1019 -679 669 -48 1020 94 "Brunei, E. Malaysia (Sabah Sarawak)\nGPStrans gives: datum=Everest (India 1830), -689 691 -46" 1021 10 10 12 8 -5 15 101 125} 1022 1023"Tokyo" { "Bessel 1841" 1024 -148 507 685 1025 95 "Mean for Japan, South Korea, Okinawa; GPStrans gives: -128 481 664" 1026 20 5 20 31 23 53 120 155} 1027 1028"Tokyo; Japan" { "Bessel 1841" 1029 -148 507 685 1030 95a "" 8 5 8 16 19 51 119 156} 1031 1032"Tokyo; Okinawa" { "Bessel 1841" 1033 -158 507 676 1034 95b "" 20 5 20 3 19 31 119 134} 1035 1036"Tokyo; South Korea" { "Bessel 1841" 1037 -147 506 687 1038 95c "also as: -146 507 687, 8 5 8" 2 2 2 29 27 45 120 139} 1039 1040"Tristan Astro 1968" { "International 1924" 1041 -632 438 -609 1042 96 "Tristao da Cunha" 25 25 25 1 -39 -36 -14 -11} 1043 1044"Viti Levu 1916" { "Clarke 1880" 1045 51 391 -36 1046 97 "Fiji (Viti Levu Island)" 25 25 25 1 -20 -16 176 180} 1047 1048"Wake-Eniwetok `60" { "Hough 1960" 1049 102 52 -38 1050 98 "Marshall Islands" 3 3 3 10 1 16 159 175} 1051 1052"WGS 72" { "WGS 72" 1053 0 0 5 1054 99 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 1055 1056"WGS 84" { "WGS 84" 1057 0 0 0 1058 100 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 1059 1060"Zanderij" { "International 1924" 1061 -265 120 -358 1062 101 "Suriname" 5 5 8 5 -10 20 -76 -47} 1063 1064"Potsdam" { "Bessel 1841" 1065 587 16 393 1066 102 "GPStrans has: 606 23 413"} 1067 1068"ED73" { "WGS 84" 1069 238 -87 -27 1070 gm102 ""} 1071 1072"Lisboa" { "WGS 84" 1073 183.544 -46.902 -24.135 1074 gm103 ""} 1075 1076"American Samoa 1962" { "Clarke 1866" 1077 -115 118 426 1078 gm105 "American Samoa Islands" 25 25 25 2 -19 -9 -174 -165} 1079 1080"Antigua Island Astro 1943" { "Clarke 1880" 1081 -270 13 62 1082 gm106 "Also known as: USNHO Astro 1943\nAntigua (Leeward Islands)" 1083 25 25 25 1 16 20 -65 -61} 1084 1085"Astro Tern Island (FRIG)" { "International 1924" 1086 114 -116 -333 1087 gm107 "1961" 25 25 25 1 22 26 -166 -166} 1088 1089"Ayabelle Lighthouse" { "Clarke 1880" 1090 -79 -129 -145 1091 gm108 "Djibouti" 25 25 25 1 5 20 36 49} 1092 1093"Bissau" { "International 1924" 1094 -173 253 27 1095 gm109 "Guinea-Bissau" 25 25 25 2 5 19 -23 -7} 1096 1097"Bukit Rimpah" { "Bessel 1841" 1098 -384 664 -48 1099 gm110 "Indonesia (Bangka and Belitung Ids)" -1 -1 -1 0 -6 0 103 110} 1100 1101"Camp Area Astro" { "International 1924" 1102 -104 -129 239 1103 gm111 "Antarctica (McMurdo Camp Area)" -1 -1 -1 0 -85 -70 135 180} 1104 1105"Dabola" { "Clarke 1880" 1106 -83 37 124 1107 gm112 "Guinea" 15 15 15 4 1 19 12 11} 1108 1109"Deception Island" { "Clarke 1880" 1110 260 12 -147 1111 gm113 "Deception Island, Antarctica" 20 20 20 3 -65 -62 58 62} 1112 1113"Fort Thomas 1955" { "Clarke 1880" 1114 -7 215 225 1115 gm114 "Nevis, St. Kitts (Leeward Islands)" 25 25 25 2 16 19 -64 -61} 1116 1117"Gan 1970" { "International 1924" 1118 -133 -321 50 1119 gm115 "Republic of Maldives" 25 25 25 1 -2 9 71 75} 1120 1121"Gunung Segara" { "Bessel 1841" 1122 -403 684 41 1123 gm116 "Indonesia (Kalimantan)" -1 -1 -1 0 -6 9 106 121} 1124 1125"Herat North" { "International 1924" 1126 -333 -222 114 1127 gm117 "Afghanistan" -1 -1 -1 0 23 44 55 81} 1128 1129"Hu-Tzu-Shan" { "International 1924" 1130 -637 -549 -203 1131 gm118 "Taiwan; = TWD67" 15 15 15 4 20 28 117 124} 1132 1133"Indian (India, Nepal)" { "Everest (India 1956)" 1134 295 736 257 1135 gm119 "India, Nepal" 12 10 15 7 2 44 62 105} 1136 1137"Indian (Pakistan)" { "Everest (Pakistan)" 1138 283 682 231 1139 gm120 "Pakistan" -1 -1 -1 0 17 44 55 81} 1140 1141"Indian 1954" { "Everest (India 1830)" 1142 217 823 299 1143 gm121 "Thailand" 15 6 12 11 0 27 91 111} 1144 1145"Indian 1975" { "Everest (India 1830)" 1146 210 814 289 1147 gm122 "Thailand; also as: 209 818 290, 12 10 12" 3 2 3 62 0 27 91 111} 1148 1149"Indonesian 1974" { "Indonesian 1974" 1150 -24 -15 5 1151 gm123 "Indonesia" 25 25 25 1 -16 11 89 146} 1152 1153"ISTS 061 Astro 1968" { "International 1924" 1154 -794 119 -298 1155 gm124 "South Georgia Islands" 25 25 25 1 -56 -52 -38 -34} 1156 1157"Johnston Island 1961" { "International 1924" 1158 189 -79 -202 1159 gm125 "Johnston Island"} 1160 1161"Kusaie Astro 1951" { "International 1924" 1162 647 1777 -1124 1163 gm126 "Caroline Islands" 25 25 25 1 -1 12 134 167} 1164 1165"Leigon" { "Clarke 1880" 1166 -130 29 364 1167 gm127 "Ghana" 2 3 2 8 -1 17 -9 7} 1168 1169"M'Poraloko" { "Clarke 1880" 1170 -74 -130 42 1171 gm128 "Gabon" 25 25 25 1 -10 8 3 20} 1172 1173"Montserrat Island Astro 1958" { "Clarke 1880" 1174 174 359 365 1175 gm129 "Montserrat (Leeward Islands)" 25 25 25 1 15 18 -64 -61} 1176 1177"North Sahara 1959" { "Clarke 1880" 1178 -186 -93 310 1179 gm130 "Algeria" 25 25 25 3 13 43 -15 11} 1180 1181"NTF (Nouvelle Triangulation de France)" { "Clarke 1880" 1182 -168 -60 320 1183 gm131 "France (incl. Corsica)"} 1184 1185"Point 58" { "Clarke 1880" 1186 -106 -129 165 1187 gm133 "Mean for Burkina Faso and Niger" 25 25 25 1 0 10 -15 25} 1188 1189"Pointe Noire 1948" { "Clarke 1880" 1190 -148 51 -291 1191 gm134 "Congo" 25 25 25 1 -11 10 5 25} 1192 1193"Porto Santo 1936" { "International 1924" 1194 -499 -249 314 1195 gm135 "Porto Santo, Madeira Islands; = Southeast Base" 1196 25 25 25 2 31 35 -18 -15} 1197 1198"Pulkovo 1942" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1199 28 -130 -95 1200 gm136 "Russia" -1 -1 -1 0 36 89 -180 180} 1201 1202"Rijks Driehoeksmeting" { "Bessel 1841" 1203 593.032 26 478.741 1204 gm137 "Netherlands; also known as Amersfoort"} 1205 1206"S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Albania" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1207 24 -130 -92 1208 gm138a "" 3 3 3 7 34 48 14 26} 1209 1210"S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Czechoslavakia" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1211 26 -121 -78 1212 gm138b "" 3 3 2 6 42 57 6 28} 1213 1214"S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Hungary" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1215 28 -121 -77 1216 gm138c "" 2 2 2 5 40 54 11 29} 1217 1218"S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Kazakhstan" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1219 15 -130 -84 1220 gm138d "" 25 25 25 2 35 62 41 93} 1221 1222"S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Latvia" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1223 24 -124 -82 1224 gm138e "" 2 2 2 5 50 64 15 34} 1225 1226"S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Romania" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1227 28 -121 -77 1228 gm138f "" 3 5 3 4 38 54 15 35} 1229 1230"S-42 (Pulkovo 1942); Poland" { "Krassovsky 1940" 1231 23 -124 -82 1232 gm138g "" 4 2 4 11 43 60 8 30} 1233 1234"S-JTSK" { "Bessel 1841" 1235 589 76 480 1236 gm139 "Czechoslavakia (Prior 1 JAN 1993)" 4 2 3 6 43 56 6 28} 1237 1238"Selvagem Grande 1938" { "International 1924" 1239 -289 -124 60 1240 gm140 "Salvage Islands" 25 25 25 1 28 32 -18 -14} 1241 1242"Tananarive Observatory 1925" { "International 1924" 1243 -189 -242 -91 1244 gm141 "Madagascar" -1 -1 -1 0 -34 -8 40 53} 1245 1246"Voirol 1960" { "Clarke 1880" 1247 -123 -206 219 1248 gm142 "Algeria" 25 25 25 2 13 43 -15 11} 1249 1250"Voirol 1874" { "Clarke 1880" 1251 -73 -247 227 1252 gm142a "Algeria" -1 -1 -1 0 13 43 -15 11} 1253 1254"Wake Island Astro 1952" { "International 1924" 1255 276 -57 149 1256 gm143 "Wake Atoll" 25 25 25 2 17 21 -176 -171} 1257 1258"Yacare" { "International 1924" 1259 -155 171 37 1260 gm144 "Uruguay" -1 -1 -1 0 -40 -25 -65 -47} 1261 1262"Austrian (MGI)" { "Bessel 1841" 1263 -575 -93 -466 1264 gm145 "Austria"} 1265 1266"K12 Astro 1955" { "Clarke 1880" 1267 9 183 236 1268 gm146 "Nevis, St. Kitts (Leeward Islands)"} 1269 1270"Indian 1960; Vietnam (Con Son)" { "Everest (India 1830)" 1271 182 915 344 1272 gm147 "" 25 25 25 1 6 11 104 109} 1273 1274"Indian 1960; Vietnam (N16)" { "Everest (India 1830)" 1275 198 881 317 1276 gm148 "" 25 25 25 2 11 23 101 115} 1277 1278"Estonia Coord System 1937" { "Bessel 1841" 1279 374 150 588 1280 gm149 "Estonia" 2 3 3 19 52 65 16 34} 1281 1282"Graciosa Base SW 1948" { "International 1924" 1283 -104 167 -38 1284 gm150 "Azores (Faial, Graciosa, Pico, Sao Jorge, Terceira); = Southwest Base" 1285 3 3 3 5 37 41 -30 -26} 1286 1287"Hermannskogel" { "Bessel 1841 (Namibia)" 1288 653 -212 449 1289 gm151 "Croatia-Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina" -1 -1 -1 0} 1290 1291"Hermannskogel; old Yugoslavia" { "Bessel 1841" 1292 682 -203 480 1293 gm151b "" -1 -1 -1 0 35 52 7 29} 1294 1295"Korean Geodetic System" { "GRS 80" 1296 0 0 0 1297 gm152 "South Korea" 2 2 2 12} 1298 1299"Sierra Leone" { "Clarke 1880" 1300 -88 4 101 1301 gm153 "" 15 15 15 8 1 16 -19 -4} 1302 1303"Israeli" { "Israeli" 1304 -235 -85 264 1305 gm154 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 1306 1307"South American 69; Brazil/IBGE" { "South American 1969" 1308 -66.87 4.37 -39 1309 gm155 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 1310 1311"Datum 73" { "International 1924" 1312 223.237 110.193 -36.649 1313 gm156 "Portugal" -1 -1 -1 0} 1314 1315"Dionisos" { "GRS 80" 1316 -200 75 246 1317 gm157 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 1318 1319"NTF (NTF ellipsoid)" { "NTF" 1320 168 60 -320 1321 gm158 "Nouvelle Triangulation de France" -1 -1 -1 0} 1322 1323"Rome 1940; Luxembourg" { "International 1924" 1324 263 -76 -45 1325 gm159 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 1326 1327"European 1950; Belgium" { "International 1924" 1328 -126 80 -101 1329 gm160 "" -1 -1 -1 0} 1330 1331"Austrian" { "Bessel 1841" 1332 594 84 471 1333 gm161 ""} 1334 1335"Egypt" { "International 1924" 1336 -133 -321 50 1337 gm162 ""} 1338 1339"NGO 1948" { "Bessel 1841 (Norway)" 1340 315 -217 528 1341 gm163 ""} 1342 1343"Norsk" { "Bessel 1841 (Norway)" 1344 278 93 474 1345 gm164 ""} 1346 1347"Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz" { "Bessel 1841" 1348 598.1 73.7 418.2 1349 gm164 ""} 1350 1351"Hungarian Datum 1972" { "GRS 67" 1352 56.91 -70.18 -9.49 1353 gm165 "ftp/gps/honlap-jan2002.pdf"} 1354} 1355 1356###### known ellipsoids 1357 # when changing this list make sure you update the definitions below 1358 1359## description of predefined ellipsoid menu 1360 1361set PREDEFELLIPSOIDDESCR \ 1362 [list \ 1363 @ [list Airy \ 1364 {Airy 1830} {Modified Airy}] \ 1365 {Andrae 1876} {Appl. Physics. 1965} {Australian National} \ 1366 @ [list Bessel \ 1367 {Bessel (Portugal)} {Bessel 1841} {Bessel 1841 (Namibia)} \ 1368 {Bessel 1841 (Norway)}] \ 1369 @ [list Clarke \ 1370 {Clarke 1858} {Clarke 1866} {Clarke 1880}] \ 1371 {Comm. des Poids et Mesures 1799} {Delambre 1810} {Engelis 1985} \ 1372 @ [list Everest \ 1373 {Everest (1948)} {Everest (India 1830)} \ 1374 {Everest (India 1956)} {Everest (Malaysia 1969)} \ 1375 {Everest (Pakistan)} {Everest (Sabah Sarawak)}] \ 1376 @ [list Fischer \ 1377 {Fischer 1960 (Mercury)} {Fischer 1968} \ 1378 {Modified Fischer 1960}] \ 1379 @ [list GRS \ 1380 {GRS 67} {GRS 75} {GRS 80}] \ 1381 {Helmert 1906} \ 1382 @ [list Hough \ 1383 {Hough 1956} {Hough 1960}] \ 1384 {IAU 1976} {Indonesian 1974} {International 1924} Israeli \ 1385 {Kaula 1961} \ 1386 {Krassovsky 1940} {Lerch 1979} {MERIT 1983} {Maupertius 1738} NTF \ 1387 NWL9D {Plessis 1817} SGS85 {South American 1969} {Southeast Asia} \ 1388 @ [list WGS \ 1389 {WGS 60} {WGS 66} {WGS 72} {WGS 84}] \ 1390 Walbeck] 1391 1392## ellipsoid definitions 1393# indexed by name 1394# each list has: 1395# - a (semi-major axis in metre, float), invf (inverse of flattening) 1396# - comment 1397 1398## those after "WGS 66" until "Walbeck" were taken from PROJ4.0 1399 1400array set ELLPSDDEF { 1401"Airy 1830" {6377563.396 299.3249646 "used in Great Britain"} 1402 1403"Andrae 1876" {6377104.43 300.0 "used in Denmark, Iceland"} 1404 1405"Appl. Physics. 1965" {6378137.0 298.25 ""} 1406 1407"Australian National" {6378160.0 298.25 ""} 1408 1409"Bessel 1841" {6377397.155 299.1528128 "used in Germany, Japan"} 1410 1411"Bessel (Portugal)" {6377397.155 297.152818860 ""} 1412 1413"Bessel 1841 (Namibia)" {6377483.865 299.1528128 ""} 1414 1415"Bessel 1841 (Norway)" {6377492.012 299.1528128 ""} 1416 1417"Clarke 1858" {6378363.63547 294.97870 "a=20926348 USft or ft?"} 1418 1419"Clarke 1866" {6378206.4 294.9786982 "used in North America"} 1420 1421"Clarke 1880" {6378249.145 293.465 1422 "used in France, Africa; also know as: Clarke 1880 (Modified)"} 1423 1424"Comm. des Poids et Mesures 1799" {6375738.7 334.29 ""} 1425 1426"Delambre 1810" {6376428.0 311.5 "used in Belgium"} 1427 1428"Engelis 1985" {6378136.05 298.2566 ""} 1429 1430"Everest (1948)" {6377304.063 300.8017 1431 "also known as: Everest (Malaysia+Singapore)"} 1432 1433"Everest (India 1830)" {6377276.345 300.8017 "used in India"} 1434 1435"Everest (India 1956)" {6377301.243 300.8017 ""} 1436 1437"Everest (Malaysia 1969)" {6377295.664 300.8017 ""} 1438 1439"Everest (Pakistan)" {6377309.613 300.8017 ""} 1440 1441"Everest (Sabah Sarawak)" {6377298.556 300.8017 1442 "also known as: Everest (E. Malaysia, Brunei"} 1443 1444"Fischer 1960 (Mercury)" {6378166.0 298.3 ""} 1445 1446"Fischer 1968" {6378150.0 298.3 ""} 1447 1448"GRS 67" {6378160.0 298.247167427 "used in Australia and Hungary"} 1449 1450"GRS 75" {6378140.0 298.257 ""} 1451 1452"GRS 80" {6378137.0 298.257222101 "used in Australia"} 1453 1454"Helmert 1906" {6378200.0 298.3 ""} 1455 1456"Hough 1956" {6378270.0 297.0 ""} 1457 1458"Hough 1960" {6378270.0 297.0 ""} 1459 1460"IAU 1976" {6378140.0 298.257 ""} 1461 1462"Indonesian 1974" {6378160.0 298.247 ""} 1463 1464"International 1924" {6378388.0 297.0 "used in Europe, New Zealand"} 1465 1466"Israeli" {6377973.0 293.466001939} 1467 1468"Kaula 1961" {6378163.0 298.24 ""} 1469 1470"Krassovsky 1940" {6378245.0 298.3 1471 "used in Russia; also known as: Krassovsky 1942)"} 1472 1473"Lerch 1979" {6378139.0 298.257 ""} 1474 1475"MERIT 1983" {6378137.0 298.257 ""} 1476 1477"Maupertius 1738" {6397300.0 191.0 ""} 1478 1479"Modified Airy" {6377340.189 299.3249646 ""} 1480 1481"Modified Fischer 1960" {6378155.0 298.3 ""} 1482 1483"NWL9D" {6378145.0 298.25 "Naval Weapons Lab., 1965"} 1484 1485"NTF" {6378025.0 303.20855706 "Nouvelle Triangulation de France"} 1486 1487"Plessis 1817" {6376523.0 308.640997 "used in France"} 1488 1489"SGS85" {6378136.0 298.257 "Soviet Geodetic System 85"} 1490 1491"South American 1969" {6378160.0 298.25 ""} 1492 1493"Southeast Asia" {6378155.0 298.3 ""} 1494 1495"WGS 60" {6378165.0 298.3 ""} 1496 1497"WGS 66" {6378145.0 298.25 "used in USA/DoD"} 1498 1499"WGS 72" {6378135.0 298.26 "used in USA/DoD"} 1500 1501"WGS 84" {6378137.0 298.257223563 ""} 1502 1503"Walbeck" {6376896.0 302.780 ""} 1504} 1505