xref: /netbsd/lib/libpthread/pthread_int.h (revision 4dddb28e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: pthread_int.h,v 1.111 2023/05/25 14:30:03 riastradh Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2020
5  *     The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
9  * by Nathan J. Williams and Andrew Doran.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef _LIB_PTHREAD_INT_H
34 #define _LIB_PTHREAD_INT_H
35 
36 #include <sys/tls.h>
37 
38 /* #define PTHREAD__DEBUG */
39 
40 #include "pthread_types.h"
41 #include "pthread_queue.h"
42 #include "pthread_md.h"
43 
44 #include <sys/atomic.h>
45 #include <sys/rbtree.h>
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 
48 #include <limits.h>
49 #include <lwp.h>
50 #include <signal.h>
51 #include <stdbool.h>
52 
53 #ifdef __GNUC__
54 #define	PTHREAD_HIDE	__attribute__ ((visibility("hidden")))
55 #else
56 #define	PTHREAD_HIDE	/* nothing */
57 #endif
58 
59 #define	PTHREAD__UNPARK_MAX	128
60 
61 /*
62  * The size of this structure needs to be no larger than struct
63  * __pthread_cleanup_store, defined in pthread.h.
64  */
65 struct pt_clean_t {
66 	PTQ_ENTRY(pt_clean_t)	ptc_next;
67 	void	(*ptc_cleanup)(void *);
68 	void	*ptc_arg;
69 };
70 
71 /* Private data for pthread_attr_t */
72 struct pthread_attr_private {
73 	char ptap_name[PTHREAD_MAX_NAMELEN_NP];
74 	void *ptap_namearg;
75 	void *ptap_stackaddr;
76 	size_t ptap_stacksize;
77 	size_t ptap_guardsize;
78 	struct sched_param ptap_sp;
79 	int ptap_policy;
80 };
81 
82 struct pthread_lock_ops {
83 	void	(*plo_init)(__cpu_simple_lock_t *);
84 	int	(*plo_try)(__cpu_simple_lock_t *);
85 	void	(*plo_unlock)(__cpu_simple_lock_t *);
86 	void	(*plo_lock)(__cpu_simple_lock_t *);
87 };
88 
89 struct	__pthread_st {
90 	pthread_t	pt_self;	/* Must be first. */
91 #if defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) || defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
92 	struct tls_tcb	*pt_tls;	/* Thread Local Storage area */
93 #endif
94 	unsigned int	pt_magic;	/* Magic number */
95 	int		pt_state;	/* running, blocked, etc. */
96 	int		pt_flags;	/* see PT_FLAG_* below */
97 	int		pt_cancel;	/* Deferred cancellation */
98 	int		pt_errno;	/* Thread-specific errno. */
99 	stack_t		pt_stack;	/* Our stack */
100 	bool		pt_stack_allocated;
101 	size_t		pt_guardsize;
102 	void		*pt_exitval;	/* Read by pthread_join() */
103 	char		*pt_name;	/* Thread's name, set by the app. */
104 	struct pthread_lock_ops pt_lockops;/* Cached to avoid PIC overhead */
105 	void		*(*pt_func)(void *);/* Function to call at start. */
106 	void		*pt_arg;	/* Argument to pass at start. */
107 
108 	/* Stack of cancellation cleanup handlers and their arguments */
109 	PTQ_HEAD(, pt_clean_t)	pt_cleanup_stack;
110 
111 	/* LWP ID and entry on the list of all threads. */
112 	lwpid_t		pt_lid;
113 	PTQ_ENTRY(__pthread_st)	pt_deadq;
114 
115 	/*
116 	 * rbtree node and entry on the list of all threads.  pt_alltree in
117 	 * its own cacheline, so pthread__find() is not needlessly impacted
118 	 * by threads going about their normal business.  pt_allq is
119 	 * adjusted at the same time as pt_alltree.
120 	 */
121 	rb_node_t	pt_alltree __aligned(COHERENCY_UNIT);
122 	PTQ_ENTRY(__pthread_st) pt_allq;
123 
124 	/* Lock on state also gets its own line. */
125 	pthread_mutex_t	pt_lock __aligned(COHERENCY_UNIT);
126 
127 	/*
128 	 * General synchronization data.  We try to align, as threads
129 	 * on other CPUs will access this data frequently.
130 	 */
131 	int		pt_dummy1 __aligned(COHERENCY_UNIT);
132 	struct lwpctl 	*pt_lwpctl;	/* Kernel/user comms area */
133 	volatile int	pt_rwlocked;	/* Handed rwlock successfully */
134 	void * volatile	pt_sleepobj;	/* Object slept on */
135 	PTQ_ENTRY(__pthread_st) pt_sleep;
136 
137 	/* Thread-specific data.  Large so it sits close to the end. */
138 	int		pt_havespecific __aligned(COHERENCY_UNIT);
139 	struct pt_specific {
140 		void *pts_value;
141 		PTQ_ENTRY(pt_specific) pts_next;
142 	} pt_specific[];
143 };
144 
145 /* Thread states */
146 #define PT_STATE_RUNNING	1
147 #define PT_STATE_ZOMBIE		5
148 #define PT_STATE_DEAD		6
149 
150 /* Flag values */
151 
152 #define PT_FLAG_DETACHED	0x0001
153 #define PT_FLAG_CS_DISABLED	0x0004	/* Cancellation disabled */
154 #define PT_FLAG_CS_ASYNC	0x0008  /* Cancellation is async */
155 #define PT_FLAG_CS_PENDING	0x0010
156 #define PT_FLAG_SCOPE_SYSTEM	0x0040
157 #define PT_FLAG_EXPLICIT_SCHED	0x0080
158 #define PT_FLAG_SUSPENDED	0x0100	/* In the suspended queue */
159 
160 #define PT_MAGIC	0x11110001
161 #define PT_DEAD		0xDEAD0001
162 
163 #define PT_ATTR_MAGIC	0x22220002
164 #define PT_ATTR_DEAD	0xDEAD0002
165 
166 extern size_t	pthread__stacksize;
167 extern size_t	pthread__guardsize;
168 extern size_t	pthread__pagesize;
169 extern int	pthread__nspins;
170 extern int	pthread__concurrency;
171 extern int 	pthread__osrev;
172 extern size_t 	pthread__unpark_max;
173 extern int	pthread_keys_max;
174 
175 extern int	__uselibcstub;
176 
177 struct pthread__waiter {
178 	struct pthread__waiter	*volatile next;
179 	lwpid_t			volatile lid;
180 };
181 
182 /* Flag to be used in a ucontext_t's uc_flags indicating that
183  * the saved register state is "user" state only, not full
184  * trap state.
185  */
186 #define _UC_USER_BIT		30
187 #define _UC_USER		(1LU << _UC_USER_BIT)
188 
189 /* Utility functions */
190 void	pthread__unpark_all(pthread_queue_t *, pthread_t, pthread_mutex_t *)
191     PTHREAD_HIDE;
192 void	pthread__unpark(pthread_queue_t *, pthread_t, pthread_mutex_t *)
193     PTHREAD_HIDE;
194 int	pthread__park(pthread_t, pthread_mutex_t *, pthread_queue_t *,
195 		      const struct timespec *, int) PTHREAD_HIDE;
196 pthread_mutex_t *pthread__hashlock(volatile const void *) PTHREAD_HIDE;
197 
198 /* Internal locking primitives */
199 void	pthread__lockprim_init(void) PTHREAD_HIDE;
200 void	pthread_lockinit(pthread_spin_t *) PTHREAD_HIDE;
201 
202 static inline void pthread__spinlock(pthread_t, pthread_spin_t *)
203     __attribute__((__always_inline__));
204 static inline void
pthread__spinlock(pthread_t self,pthread_spin_t * lock)205 pthread__spinlock(pthread_t self, pthread_spin_t *lock)
206 {
207 	if (__predict_true((*self->pt_lockops.plo_try)(lock)))
208 		return;
209 	(*self->pt_lockops.plo_lock)(lock);
210 }
211 
212 static inline int pthread__spintrylock(pthread_t, pthread_spin_t *)
213     __attribute__((__always_inline__));
214 static inline int
pthread__spintrylock(pthread_t self,pthread_spin_t * lock)215 pthread__spintrylock(pthread_t self, pthread_spin_t *lock)
216 {
217 	return (*self->pt_lockops.plo_try)(lock);
218 }
219 
220 static inline void pthread__spinunlock(pthread_t, pthread_spin_t *)
221     __attribute__((__always_inline__));
222 static inline void
pthread__spinunlock(pthread_t self,pthread_spin_t * lock)223 pthread__spinunlock(pthread_t self, pthread_spin_t *lock)
224 {
225 	(*self->pt_lockops.plo_unlock)(lock);
226 }
227 
228 extern const struct pthread_lock_ops *pthread__lock_ops;
229 
230 int	pthread__simple_locked_p(__cpu_simple_lock_t *) PTHREAD_HIDE;
231 #define	pthread__simple_lock_init(alp)	(*pthread__lock_ops->plo_init)(alp)
232 #define	pthread__simple_lock_try(alp)	(*pthread__lock_ops->plo_try)(alp)
233 #define	pthread__simple_unlock(alp)	(*pthread__lock_ops->plo_unlock)(alp)
234 
235 void	pthread__testcancel(pthread_t) PTHREAD_HIDE;
236 int	pthread__find(pthread_t) PTHREAD_HIDE;
237 
238 #ifndef PTHREAD_MD_INIT
239 #define PTHREAD_MD_INIT
240 #endif
241 
242 #ifndef _INITCONTEXT_U_MD
243 #define _INITCONTEXT_U_MD(ucp)
244 #endif
245 
246 #define _INITCONTEXT_U(ucp) do {					\
247 	(ucp)->uc_flags = _UC_CPU | _UC_STACK;				\
248 	_INITCONTEXT_U_MD(ucp)						\
249 	} while (0)
250 
251 
252 #if !defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) && !defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
253 #error Either __HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I or __HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II must be defined
254 #endif
255 
256 #ifdef _PTHREAD_GETTCB_EXT
257 struct tls_tcb *_PTHREAD_GETTCB_EXT(void);
258 #endif
259 
260 static inline pthread_t __constfunc
pthread__self(void)261 pthread__self(void)
262 {
263 #if defined(_PTHREAD_GETTCB_EXT)
264 	struct tls_tcb * const tcb = _PTHREAD_GETTCB_EXT();
265 #elif defined(__HAVE___LWP_GETTCB_FAST)
266 	struct tls_tcb * const tcb = __lwp_gettcb_fast();
267 #else
268 	struct tls_tcb * const tcb = __lwp_getprivate_fast();
269 #endif
270 	return (pthread_t)tcb->tcb_pthread;
271 }
272 
273 #define pthread__abort()						\
274 	pthread__assertfunc(__FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, "unreachable")
275 
276 #define pthread__assert(e) do {						\
277 	if (__predict_false(!(e)))					\
278        	       pthread__assertfunc(__FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, #e);	\
279         } while (0)
280 
281 #define pthread__error(err, msg, e) do {				\
282 	if (__predict_false(!(e))) {					\
283        	       pthread__errorfunc(__FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, msg);	\
284 	       return (err);						\
285 	} 								\
286         } while (0)
287 
288 void 	*pthread_tsd_init(size_t *) PTHREAD_HIDE;
289 void	pthread__destroy_tsd(pthread_t) PTHREAD_HIDE;
290 void	pthread__copy_tsd(pthread_t) PTHREAD_HIDE;
291 
292 __dead void	pthread__assertfunc(const char *, int, const char *, const char *)
293 			    PTHREAD_HIDE;
294 void	pthread__errorfunc(const char *, int, const char *, const char *, ...)
295 			    __printflike(4, 5) PTHREAD_HIDE;
296 char	*pthread__getenv(const char *) PTHREAD_HIDE;
297 __dead void	pthread__cancelled(void) PTHREAD_HIDE;
298 void	pthread__mutex_deferwake(pthread_t, pthread_mutex_t *,
299     struct pthread__waiter *) PTHREAD_HIDE;
300 int	pthread__checkpri(int) PTHREAD_HIDE;
301 int	pthread__add_specific(pthread_t, pthread_key_t, const void *) PTHREAD_HIDE;
302 
303 #ifndef pthread__smt_pause
304 #define	pthread__smt_pause()	__nothing
305 #endif
306 #ifndef pthread__smt_wait
307 #define	pthread__smt_wait()	__nothing
308 #endif
309 #ifndef pthread__smt_wake
310 #define	pthread__smt_wake()	__nothing
311 #endif
312 
313 /*
314  * Bits in the owner field of the lock that indicate lock state.  If the
315  * WRITE_LOCKED bit is clear, then the owner field is actually a count of
316  * the number of readers.
317  */
318 #define	RW_HAS_WAITERS		0x01	/* lock has waiters */
319 #define	RW_WRITE_WANTED		0x02	/* >= 1 waiter is a writer */
320 #define	RW_WRITE_LOCKED		0x04	/* lock is currently write locked */
321 #define	RW_UNUSED		0x08	/* currently unused */
322 
323 #define	RW_FLAGMASK		0x0f
324 
325 #define	RW_READ_COUNT_SHIFT	4
326 #define	RW_READ_INCR		(1 << RW_READ_COUNT_SHIFT)
327 #define	RW_THREAD		((uintptr_t)-RW_READ_INCR)
328 
329 #endif /* _LIB_PTHREAD_INT_H */
330