1 /*************************************************************************/
2 /*                                                                       */
3 /*                  Language Technologies Institute                      */
4 /*                     Carnegie Mellon University                        */
5 /*                        Copyright (c) 2000                             */
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30 /*  THIS SOFTWARE.                                                       */
31 /*                                                                       */
32 /*************************************************************************/
33 /*             Author:  Alan W Black (awb@cs.cmu.edu)                    */
34 /*               Date:  October 2000                                     */
35 /*************************************************************************/
36 /*                                                                       */
37 /*  Convertion routines for various waveform encodings                   */
38 /*                                                                       */
39 /*  This contains software written external to Flite                     */
40 /*       ulaw code came via the Edinburgh Speech Tools                   */
41 /*  g72x codec came from Sun Microsystems                                */
42 /*                                                                       */
43 /*************************************************************************/
44 
45 #include "g72x.h"
46 
47 /*
48 ** This routine converts from linear to ulaw.
49 **
50 ** Craig Reese: IDA/Supercomputing Research Center
51 ** Joe Campbell: Department of Defense
52 ** 29 September 1989
53 **
54 ** References:
55 ** 1) CCITT Recommendation G.711  (very difficult to follow)
56 ** 2) "A New Digital Technique for Implementation of Any
57 **     Continuous PCM Companding Law," Villeret, Michel,
58 **     et al. 1973 IEEE Int. Conf. on Communications, Vol 1,
59 **     1973, pg. 11.12-11.17
60 ** 3) MIL-STD-188-113,"Interoperability and Performance Standards
61 **     for Analog-to_Digital Conversion Techniques,"
62 **     17 February 1987
63 **
64 ** Input: Signed 16 bit linear sample
65 ** Output: 8 bit ulaw sample
66 */
67 
68 #define ZEROTRAP    /* turn on the trap as per the MIL-STD */
69 #define BIAS 0x84   /* define the add-in bias for 16 bit samples */
70 #define CLIP 32635
71 
cst_short_to_ulaw(short sample)72 unsigned char cst_short_to_ulaw(short sample)
73 {
74     static const int exp_lut[256] = {0,0,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
75 				   4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,
76 				   5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
77 				   5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
78 				   6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
79 				   6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
80 				   6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
81 				   6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
82 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
83 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
84 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
85 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
86 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
87 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
88 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
89 				   7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7};
90     int sign, exponent, mantissa;
91     unsigned char ulawbyte;
92 
93     /* Get the sample into sign-magnitude. */
94     sign = (sample >> 8) & 0x80; /* set aside the sign */
95     if ( sign != 0 ) sample = -sample; /* get magnitude */
96     if ( sample > CLIP ) sample = CLIP; /* clip the magnitude */
97 
98     /* Convert from 16 bit linear to ulaw. */
99     sample = sample + BIAS;
100     exponent = exp_lut[( sample >> 7 ) & 0xFF];
101     mantissa = ( sample >> ( exponent + 3 ) ) & 0x0F;
102     ulawbyte = ~ ( sign | ( exponent << 4 ) | mantissa );
103 #ifdef ZEROTRAP
104     if ( ulawbyte == 0 ) ulawbyte = 0x02; /* optional CCITT trap */
105 #endif
106 
107     return ulawbyte;
108 }
109 
110 /*
111 ** This routine converts from ulaw to 16 bit linear.
112 **
113 ** Craig Reese: IDA/Supercomputing Research Center
114 ** 29 September 1989
115 **
116 ** References:
117 ** 1) CCITT Recommendation G.711  (very difficult to follow)
118 ** 2) MIL-STD-188-113,"Interoperability and Performance Standards
119 **     for Analog-to_Digital Conversion Techniques,"
120 **     17 February 1987
121 **
122 ** Input: 8 bit ulaw sample
123 ** Output: signed 16 bit linear sample
124 */
125 
cst_ulaw_to_short(unsigned char ulawbyte)126 short cst_ulaw_to_short( unsigned char ulawbyte )
127 {
128     static const int exp_lut[8] = { 0, 132, 396, 924, 1980, 4092, 8316, 16764 };
129     int sign, exponent, mantissa;
130     short sample;
131 
132     ulawbyte = ~ ulawbyte;
133     sign = ( ulawbyte & 0x80 );
134     exponent = ( ulawbyte >> 4 ) & 0x07;
135     mantissa = ulawbyte & 0x0F;
136     sample = exp_lut[exponent] + ( mantissa << ( exponent + 3 ) );
137     if ( sign != 0 ) sample = -sample;
138 
139     return sample;
140 }
141 
142 
cst_g721_decode(int * actual_size,int size,const unsigned char * packed_residual)143 unsigned char *cst_g721_decode(int *actual_size,int size,
144                        const unsigned char *packed_residual
145                        )
146 {
147     struct g72x_state state;
148     short sample_short;
149     unsigned char *unpacked_residual;
150     unsigned char code, xcode;
151     int ur=0;
152     int dec_bits;
153 
154     *actual_size = size*2;
155     unpacked_residual = cst_alloc(unsigned char, *actual_size);
156     g72x_init_state(&state);
157     dec_bits = 4; /* g721 4-bit encoding */
158 
159     for (ur=0; ur <*actual_size; ur++)
160     {
161         xcode = packed_residual[ur/2];
162         if (ur % 2 == 0)
163             code = (xcode & 0xF0) >> dec_bits;
164         else
165             code = (xcode & 0x0F);
166         sample_short = g721_decoder(code,AUDIO_ENCODING_LINEAR,&state);
167         unpacked_residual[ur] = cst_short_to_ulaw(sample_short);
168     }
169 
170     return unpacked_residual;
171 }
172 
cst_g721_encode(int * packed_size,int actual_size,const unsigned char * unpacked_residual)173 unsigned char *cst_g721_encode(int *packed_size,int actual_size,
174                                const unsigned char *unpacked_residual
175                                )
176 {
177     struct g72x_state state;
178     unsigned char *packed_residual;
179     unsigned char code, xcode=0;
180     int ur=0;
181     int dec_bits;
182 
183     *packed_size = (actual_size+1)/2; /* will round down to even number */
184     packed_residual = cst_alloc(unsigned char, *packed_size);
185 
186     g72x_init_state(&state);
187     dec_bits = 4; /* g721 4-bit encoding */
188 
189     for (ur=0; ur < actual_size; ur++)
190     {
191         code = g721_encoder((int)cst_ulaw_to_short(unpacked_residual[ur]),
192                             AUDIO_ENCODING_LINEAR,&state);
193         if (ur % 2 == 0)
194         {
195             xcode = 0;
196             xcode = code << dec_bits;
197         }
198         else
199         {
200             xcode += code;
201             packed_residual[ur/2] = xcode;
202         }
203     }
204 
205     return packed_residual;
206 
207 }
208