1 /*
2  * EAP server/peer: EAP-pwd shared routines
3  * Copyright (c) 2010, Dan Harkins <dharkins@lounge.org>
4  *
5  * This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
6  * See README for more details.
7  */
8 
9 #include "includes.h"
10 #include "common.h"
11 #include "utils/const_time.h"
12 #include "common/dragonfly.h"
13 #include "crypto/sha256.h"
14 #include "crypto/crypto.h"
15 #include "eap_defs.h"
16 #include "eap_pwd_common.h"
17 
18 #define MAX_ECC_PRIME_LEN 66
19 
20 
21 /* The random function H(x) = HMAC-SHA256(0^32, x) */
eap_pwd_h_init(void)22 struct crypto_hash * eap_pwd_h_init(void)
23 {
24 	u8 allzero[SHA256_MAC_LEN];
25 	os_memset(allzero, 0, SHA256_MAC_LEN);
26 	return crypto_hash_init(CRYPTO_HASH_ALG_HMAC_SHA256, allzero,
27 				SHA256_MAC_LEN);
28 }
29 
30 
eap_pwd_h_update(struct crypto_hash * hash,const u8 * data,size_t len)31 void eap_pwd_h_update(struct crypto_hash *hash, const u8 *data, size_t len)
32 {
33 	crypto_hash_update(hash, data, len);
34 }
35 
36 
eap_pwd_h_final(struct crypto_hash * hash,u8 * digest)37 void eap_pwd_h_final(struct crypto_hash *hash, u8 *digest)
38 {
39 	size_t len = SHA256_MAC_LEN;
40 	crypto_hash_finish(hash, digest, &len);
41 }
42 
43 
44 /* a counter-based KDF based on NIST SP800-108 */
eap_pwd_kdf(const u8 * key,size_t keylen,const u8 * label,size_t labellen,u8 * result,size_t resultbitlen)45 static int eap_pwd_kdf(const u8 *key, size_t keylen, const u8 *label,
46 		       size_t labellen, u8 *result, size_t resultbitlen)
47 {
48 	struct crypto_hash *hash;
49 	u8 digest[SHA256_MAC_LEN];
50 	u16 i, ctr, L;
51 	size_t resultbytelen, len = 0, mdlen;
52 
53 	resultbytelen = (resultbitlen + 7) / 8;
54 	ctr = 0;
55 	L = htons(resultbitlen);
56 	while (len < resultbytelen) {
57 		ctr++;
58 		i = htons(ctr);
59 		hash = crypto_hash_init(CRYPTO_HASH_ALG_HMAC_SHA256,
60 					key, keylen);
61 		if (hash == NULL)
62 			return -1;
63 		if (ctr > 1)
64 			crypto_hash_update(hash, digest, SHA256_MAC_LEN);
65 		crypto_hash_update(hash, (u8 *) &i, sizeof(u16));
66 		crypto_hash_update(hash, label, labellen);
67 		crypto_hash_update(hash, (u8 *) &L, sizeof(u16));
68 		mdlen = SHA256_MAC_LEN;
69 		if (crypto_hash_finish(hash, digest, &mdlen) < 0)
70 			return -1;
71 		if ((len + mdlen) > resultbytelen)
72 			os_memcpy(result + len, digest, resultbytelen - len);
73 		else
74 			os_memcpy(result + len, digest, mdlen);
75 		len += mdlen;
76 	}
77 
78 	/* since we're expanding to a bit length, mask off the excess */
79 	if (resultbitlen % 8) {
80 		u8 mask = 0xff;
81 		mask <<= (8 - (resultbitlen % 8));
82 		result[resultbytelen - 1] &= mask;
83 	}
84 
85 	return 0;
86 }
87 
88 
get_eap_pwd_group(u16 num)89 EAP_PWD_group * get_eap_pwd_group(u16 num)
90 {
91 	EAP_PWD_group *grp;
92 
93 	if (!dragonfly_suitable_group(num, 1)) {
94 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: unsuitable group %u", num);
95 		return NULL;
96 	}
97 	grp = os_zalloc(sizeof(EAP_PWD_group));
98 	if (!grp)
99 		return NULL;
100 	grp->group = crypto_ec_init(num);
101 	if (!grp->group) {
102 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: unable to create EC group");
103 		os_free(grp);
104 		return NULL;
105 	}
106 
107 	grp->group_num = num;
108 	wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: provisioned group %d", num);
109 
110 	return grp;
111 }
112 
113 
114 /*
115  * compute a "random" secret point on an elliptic curve based
116  * on the password and identities.
117  */
compute_password_element(EAP_PWD_group * grp,u16 num,const u8 * password,size_t password_len,const u8 * id_server,size_t id_server_len,const u8 * id_peer,size_t id_peer_len,const u8 * token)118 int compute_password_element(EAP_PWD_group *grp, u16 num,
119 			     const u8 *password, size_t password_len,
120 			     const u8 *id_server, size_t id_server_len,
121 			     const u8 *id_peer, size_t id_peer_len,
122 			     const u8 *token)
123 {
124 	struct crypto_bignum *qr = NULL, *qnr = NULL;
125 	u8 qr_bin[MAX_ECC_PRIME_LEN];
126 	u8 qnr_bin[MAX_ECC_PRIME_LEN];
127 	u8 qr_or_qnr_bin[MAX_ECC_PRIME_LEN];
128 	u8 x_bin[MAX_ECC_PRIME_LEN];
129 	u8 prime_bin[MAX_ECC_PRIME_LEN];
130 	struct crypto_bignum *tmp2 = NULL;
131 	struct crypto_hash *hash;
132 	unsigned char pwe_digest[SHA256_MAC_LEN], *prfbuf = NULL, ctr;
133 	int ret = 0, res;
134 	u8 found = 0; /* 0 (false) or 0xff (true) to be used as const_time_*
135 		       * mask */
136 	size_t primebytelen = 0, primebitlen;
137 	struct crypto_bignum *x_candidate = NULL;
138 	const struct crypto_bignum *prime;
139 	u8 found_ctr = 0, is_odd = 0;
140 	int cmp_prime;
141 	unsigned int in_range;
142 
143 	if (grp->pwe)
144 		return -1;
145 
146 	os_memset(x_bin, 0, sizeof(x_bin));
147 
148 	prime = crypto_ec_get_prime(grp->group);
149 	primebitlen = crypto_ec_prime_len_bits(grp->group);
150 	primebytelen = crypto_ec_prime_len(grp->group);
151 	if (crypto_bignum_to_bin(prime, prime_bin, sizeof(prime_bin),
152 				 primebytelen) < 0)
153 		return -1;
154 	grp->pwe = crypto_ec_point_init(grp->group);
155 	if (!grp->pwe) {
156 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: unable to create bignums");
157 		goto fail;
158 	}
159 
160 	if ((prfbuf = os_malloc(primebytelen)) == NULL) {
161 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: unable to malloc space for prf "
162 			   "buffer");
163 		goto fail;
164 	}
165 
166 	/* get a random quadratic residue and nonresidue */
167 	if (dragonfly_get_random_qr_qnr(prime, &qr, &qnr) < 0 ||
168 	    crypto_bignum_to_bin(qr, qr_bin, sizeof(qr_bin),
169 				 primebytelen) < 0 ||
170 	    crypto_bignum_to_bin(qnr, qnr_bin, sizeof(qnr_bin),
171 				 primebytelen) < 0)
172 		goto fail;
173 
174 	os_memset(prfbuf, 0, primebytelen);
175 	ctr = 0;
176 
177 	/*
178 	 * Run through the hunting-and-pecking loop 40 times to mask the time
179 	 * necessary to find PWE. The odds of PWE not being found in 40 loops is
180 	 * roughly 1 in 1 trillion.
181 	 */
182 	while (ctr < 40) {
183 		ctr++;
184 
185 		/*
186 		 * compute counter-mode password value and stretch to prime
187 		 *    pwd-seed = H(token | peer-id | server-id | password |
188 		 *		   counter)
189 		 */
190 		hash = eap_pwd_h_init();
191 		if (hash == NULL)
192 			goto fail;
193 		eap_pwd_h_update(hash, token, sizeof(u32));
194 		eap_pwd_h_update(hash, id_peer, id_peer_len);
195 		eap_pwd_h_update(hash, id_server, id_server_len);
196 		eap_pwd_h_update(hash, password, password_len);
197 		eap_pwd_h_update(hash, &ctr, sizeof(ctr));
198 		eap_pwd_h_final(hash, pwe_digest);
199 
200 		is_odd = const_time_select_u8(
201 			found, is_odd, pwe_digest[SHA256_MAC_LEN - 1] & 0x01);
202 		if (eap_pwd_kdf(pwe_digest, SHA256_MAC_LEN,
203 				(u8 *) "EAP-pwd Hunting And Pecking",
204 				os_strlen("EAP-pwd Hunting And Pecking"),
205 				prfbuf, primebitlen) < 0)
206 			goto fail;
207 		if (primebitlen % 8)
208 			buf_shift_right(prfbuf, primebytelen,
209 					8 - primebitlen % 8);
210 		cmp_prime = const_time_memcmp(prfbuf, prime_bin, primebytelen);
211 		/* Create a const_time mask for selection based on prf result
212 		 * being smaller than prime. */
213 		in_range = const_time_fill_msb((unsigned int) cmp_prime);
214 		/* The algorithm description would skip the next steps if
215 		 * cmp_prime >= 0, but go through them regardless to minimize
216 		 * externally observable differences in behavior. */
217 
218 		crypto_bignum_deinit(x_candidate, 1);
219 		x_candidate = crypto_bignum_init_set(prfbuf, primebytelen);
220 		if (!x_candidate) {
221 			wpa_printf(MSG_INFO,
222 				   "EAP-pwd: unable to create x_candidate");
223 			goto fail;
224 		}
225 
226 		wpa_hexdump_key(MSG_DEBUG, "EAP-pwd: x_candidate",
227 				prfbuf, primebytelen);
228 		const_time_select_bin(found, x_bin, prfbuf, primebytelen,
229 				      x_bin);
230 
231 		/*
232 		 * compute y^2 using the equation of the curve
233 		 *
234 		 *      y^2 = x^3 + ax + b
235 		 */
236 		crypto_bignum_deinit(tmp2, 1);
237 		tmp2 = crypto_ec_point_compute_y_sqr(grp->group, x_candidate);
238 		if (!tmp2)
239 			goto fail;
240 
241 		res = dragonfly_is_quadratic_residue_blind(grp->group, qr_bin,
242 							   qnr_bin, tmp2);
243 		if (res < 0)
244 			goto fail;
245 		found_ctr = const_time_select_u8(found, found_ctr, ctr);
246 		/* found is 0 or 0xff here and res is 0 or 1. Bitwise OR of them
247 		 * (with res converted to 0/0xff and masked with prf being below
248 		 * prime) handles this in constant time.
249 		 */
250 		found |= (res & in_range) * 0xff;
251 	}
252 	if (found == 0) {
253 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO,
254 			   "EAP-pwd: unable to find random point on curve for group %d, something's fishy",
255 			   num);
256 		goto fail;
257 	}
258 
259 	/*
260 	 * We know x_candidate is a quadratic residue so set it here.
261 	 */
262 	crypto_bignum_deinit(x_candidate, 1);
263 	x_candidate = crypto_bignum_init_set(x_bin, primebytelen);
264 	if (!x_candidate ||
265 	    crypto_ec_point_solve_y_coord(grp->group, grp->pwe, x_candidate,
266 					  is_odd) != 0) {
267 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: Could not solve for y");
268 		goto fail;
269 	}
270 
271 	/*
272 	 * If there's a solution to the equation then the point must be on the
273 	 * curve so why check again explicitly? OpenSSL code says this is
274 	 * required by X9.62. We're not X9.62 but it can't hurt just to be sure.
275 	 */
276 	if (!crypto_ec_point_is_on_curve(grp->group, grp->pwe)) {
277 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: point is not on curve");
278 		goto fail;
279 	}
280 
281 	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "EAP-pwd: found a PWE in %02d tries", found_ctr);
282 
283 	if (0) {
284  fail:
285 		crypto_ec_point_deinit(grp->pwe, 1);
286 		grp->pwe = NULL;
287 		ret = 1;
288 	}
289 	/* cleanliness and order.... */
290 	crypto_bignum_deinit(x_candidate, 1);
291 	crypto_bignum_deinit(tmp2, 1);
292 	crypto_bignum_deinit(qr, 1);
293 	crypto_bignum_deinit(qnr, 1);
294 	bin_clear_free(prfbuf, primebytelen);
295 	os_memset(qr_bin, 0, sizeof(qr_bin));
296 	os_memset(qnr_bin, 0, sizeof(qnr_bin));
297 	os_memset(qr_or_qnr_bin, 0, sizeof(qr_or_qnr_bin));
298 	os_memset(pwe_digest, 0, sizeof(pwe_digest));
299 
300 	return ret;
301 }
302 
303 
compute_keys(EAP_PWD_group * grp,const struct crypto_bignum * k,const struct crypto_bignum * peer_scalar,const struct crypto_bignum * server_scalar,const u8 * confirm_peer,const u8 * confirm_server,const u32 * ciphersuite,u8 * msk,u8 * emsk,u8 * session_id)304 int compute_keys(EAP_PWD_group *grp, const struct crypto_bignum *k,
305 		 const struct crypto_bignum *peer_scalar,
306 		 const struct crypto_bignum *server_scalar,
307 		 const u8 *confirm_peer, const u8 *confirm_server,
308 		 const u32 *ciphersuite, u8 *msk, u8 *emsk, u8 *session_id)
309 {
310 	struct crypto_hash *hash;
311 	u8 mk[SHA256_MAC_LEN], *cruft;
312 	u8 msk_emsk[EAP_MSK_LEN + EAP_EMSK_LEN];
313 	size_t prime_len, order_len;
314 
315 	prime_len = crypto_ec_prime_len(grp->group);
316 	order_len = crypto_ec_order_len(grp->group);
317 
318 	cruft = os_malloc(prime_len);
319 	if (!cruft)
320 		return -1;
321 
322 	/*
323 	 * first compute the session-id = TypeCode | H(ciphersuite | scal_p |
324 	 *	scal_s)
325 	 */
326 	session_id[0] = EAP_TYPE_PWD;
327 	hash = eap_pwd_h_init();
328 	if (hash == NULL) {
329 		os_free(cruft);
330 		return -1;
331 	}
332 	eap_pwd_h_update(hash, (const u8 *) ciphersuite, sizeof(u32));
333 	crypto_bignum_to_bin(peer_scalar, cruft, order_len, order_len);
334 	eap_pwd_h_update(hash, cruft, order_len);
335 	crypto_bignum_to_bin(server_scalar, cruft, order_len, order_len);
336 	eap_pwd_h_update(hash, cruft, order_len);
337 	eap_pwd_h_final(hash, &session_id[1]);
338 
339 	/* then compute MK = H(k | confirm-peer | confirm-server) */
340 	hash = eap_pwd_h_init();
341 	if (hash == NULL) {
342 		os_free(cruft);
343 		return -1;
344 	}
345 	crypto_bignum_to_bin(k, cruft, prime_len, prime_len);
346 	eap_pwd_h_update(hash, cruft, prime_len);
347 	os_free(cruft);
348 	eap_pwd_h_update(hash, confirm_peer, SHA256_MAC_LEN);
349 	eap_pwd_h_update(hash, confirm_server, SHA256_MAC_LEN);
350 	eap_pwd_h_final(hash, mk);
351 
352 	/* stretch the mk with the session-id to get MSK | EMSK */
353 	if (eap_pwd_kdf(mk, SHA256_MAC_LEN,
354 			session_id, SHA256_MAC_LEN + 1,
355 			msk_emsk, (EAP_MSK_LEN + EAP_EMSK_LEN) * 8) < 0) {
356 		return -1;
357 	}
358 
359 	os_memcpy(msk, msk_emsk, EAP_MSK_LEN);
360 	os_memcpy(emsk, msk_emsk + EAP_MSK_LEN, EAP_EMSK_LEN);
361 
362 	return 1;
363 }
364 
365 
eap_pwd_element_coord_ok(const struct crypto_bignum * prime,const u8 * buf,size_t len)366 static int eap_pwd_element_coord_ok(const struct crypto_bignum *prime,
367 				    const u8 *buf, size_t len)
368 {
369 	struct crypto_bignum *val;
370 	int ok = 1;
371 
372 	val = crypto_bignum_init_set(buf, len);
373 	if (!val || crypto_bignum_is_zero(val) ||
374 	    crypto_bignum_cmp(val, prime) >= 0)
375 		ok = 0;
376 	crypto_bignum_deinit(val, 0);
377 	return ok;
378 }
379 
380 
eap_pwd_get_element(EAP_PWD_group * group,const u8 * buf)381 struct crypto_ec_point * eap_pwd_get_element(EAP_PWD_group *group,
382 					     const u8 *buf)
383 {
384 	struct crypto_ec_point *element;
385 	const struct crypto_bignum *prime;
386 	size_t prime_len;
387 
388 	prime = crypto_ec_get_prime(group->group);
389 	prime_len = crypto_ec_prime_len(group->group);
390 
391 	/* RFC 5931, 2.8.5.2.2: 0 < x,y < p */
392 	if (!eap_pwd_element_coord_ok(prime, buf, prime_len) ||
393 	    !eap_pwd_element_coord_ok(prime, buf + prime_len, prime_len)) {
394 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: Invalid coordinate in element");
395 		return NULL;
396 	}
397 
398 	element = crypto_ec_point_from_bin(group->group, buf);
399 	if (!element) {
400 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: EC point from element failed");
401 		return NULL;
402 	}
403 
404 	/* RFC 5931, 2.8.5.2.2: on curve and not the point at infinity */
405 	if (!crypto_ec_point_is_on_curve(group->group, element) ||
406 	    crypto_ec_point_is_at_infinity(group->group, element)) {
407 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: Invalid element");
408 		goto fail;
409 	}
410 
411 out:
412 	return element;
413 fail:
414 	crypto_ec_point_deinit(element, 0);
415 	element = NULL;
416 	goto out;
417 }
418 
419 
eap_pwd_get_scalar(EAP_PWD_group * group,const u8 * buf)420 struct crypto_bignum * eap_pwd_get_scalar(EAP_PWD_group *group, const u8 *buf)
421 {
422 	struct crypto_bignum *scalar;
423 	const struct crypto_bignum *order;
424 	size_t order_len;
425 
426 	order = crypto_ec_get_order(group->group);
427 	order_len = crypto_ec_order_len(group->group);
428 
429 	/* RFC 5931, 2.8.5.2: 1 < scalar < r */
430 	scalar = crypto_bignum_init_set(buf, order_len);
431 	if (!scalar || crypto_bignum_is_zero(scalar) ||
432 	    crypto_bignum_is_one(scalar) ||
433 	    crypto_bignum_cmp(scalar, order) >= 0) {
434 		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "EAP-pwd: received scalar is invalid");
435 		crypto_bignum_deinit(scalar, 0);
436 		scalar = NULL;
437 	}
438 
439 	return scalar;
440 }
441 
442 
eap_pwd_get_rand_mask(EAP_PWD_group * group,struct crypto_bignum * _rand,struct crypto_bignum * _mask,struct crypto_bignum * scalar)443 int eap_pwd_get_rand_mask(EAP_PWD_group *group, struct crypto_bignum *_rand,
444 			  struct crypto_bignum *_mask,
445 			  struct crypto_bignum *scalar)
446 {
447 	return dragonfly_generate_scalar(crypto_ec_get_order(group->group),
448 					 _rand, _mask, scalar);
449 }
450