1// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
2// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
3//
4// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
5// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
6// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
7// (at your option) any later version.
8//
9// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
13//
14// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
15// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16
17package vm
18
19import (
20	"errors"
21	"fmt"
22	"math/big"
23
24	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
25	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
26	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
27	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
28	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
29)
30
31var (
32	bigZero                  = new(big.Int)
33	tt255                    = math.BigPow(2, 255)
34	errWriteProtection       = errors.New("evm: write protection")
35	errReturnDataOutOfBounds = errors.New("evm: return data out of bounds")
36	errExecutionReverted     = errors.New("evm: execution reverted")
37	errMaxCodeSizeExceeded   = errors.New("evm: max code size exceeded")
38)
39
40func opAdd(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
41	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
42	math.U256(y.Add(x, y))
43
44	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
45	return nil, nil
46}
47
48func opSub(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
49	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
50	math.U256(y.Sub(x, y))
51
52	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
53	return nil, nil
54}
55
56func opMul(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
57	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
58	stack.push(math.U256(x.Mul(x, y)))
59
60	interpreter.intPool.put(y)
61
62	return nil, nil
63}
64
65func opDiv(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
66	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
67	if y.Sign() != 0 {
68		math.U256(y.Div(x, y))
69	} else {
70		y.SetUint64(0)
71	}
72	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
73	return nil, nil
74}
75
76func opSdiv(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
77	x, y := math.S256(stack.pop()), math.S256(stack.pop())
78	res := interpreter.intPool.getZero()
79
80	if y.Sign() == 0 || x.Sign() == 0 {
81		stack.push(res)
82	} else {
83		if x.Sign() != y.Sign() {
84			res.Div(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y))
85			res.Neg(res)
86		} else {
87			res.Div(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y))
88		}
89		stack.push(math.U256(res))
90	}
91	interpreter.intPool.put(x, y)
92	return nil, nil
93}
94
95func opMod(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
96	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
97	if y.Sign() == 0 {
98		stack.push(x.SetUint64(0))
99	} else {
100		stack.push(math.U256(x.Mod(x, y)))
101	}
102	interpreter.intPool.put(y)
103	return nil, nil
104}
105
106func opSmod(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
107	x, y := math.S256(stack.pop()), math.S256(stack.pop())
108	res := interpreter.intPool.getZero()
109
110	if y.Sign() == 0 {
111		stack.push(res)
112	} else {
113		if x.Sign() < 0 {
114			res.Mod(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y))
115			res.Neg(res)
116		} else {
117			res.Mod(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y))
118		}
119		stack.push(math.U256(res))
120	}
121	interpreter.intPool.put(x, y)
122	return nil, nil
123}
124
125func opExp(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
126	base, exponent := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
127	stack.push(math.Exp(base, exponent))
128
129	interpreter.intPool.put(base, exponent)
130
131	return nil, nil
132}
133
134func opSignExtend(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
135	back := stack.pop()
136	if back.Cmp(big.NewInt(31)) < 0 {
137		bit := uint(back.Uint64()*8 + 7)
138		num := stack.pop()
139		mask := back.Lsh(common.Big1, bit)
140		mask.Sub(mask, common.Big1)
141		if num.Bit(int(bit)) > 0 {
142			num.Or(num, mask.Not(mask))
143		} else {
144			num.And(num, mask)
145		}
146
147		stack.push(math.U256(num))
148	}
149
150	interpreter.intPool.put(back)
151	return nil, nil
152}
153
154func opNot(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
155	x := stack.peek()
156	math.U256(x.Not(x))
157	return nil, nil
158}
159
160func opLt(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
161	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
162	if x.Cmp(y) < 0 {
163		y.SetUint64(1)
164	} else {
165		y.SetUint64(0)
166	}
167	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
168	return nil, nil
169}
170
171func opGt(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
172	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
173	if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
174		y.SetUint64(1)
175	} else {
176		y.SetUint64(0)
177	}
178	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
179	return nil, nil
180}
181
182func opSlt(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
183	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
184
185	xSign := x.Cmp(tt255)
186	ySign := y.Cmp(tt255)
187
188	switch {
189	case xSign >= 0 && ySign < 0:
190		y.SetUint64(1)
191
192	case xSign < 0 && ySign >= 0:
193		y.SetUint64(0)
194
195	default:
196		if x.Cmp(y) < 0 {
197			y.SetUint64(1)
198		} else {
199			y.SetUint64(0)
200		}
201	}
202	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
203	return nil, nil
204}
205
206func opSgt(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
207	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
208
209	xSign := x.Cmp(tt255)
210	ySign := y.Cmp(tt255)
211
212	switch {
213	case xSign >= 0 && ySign < 0:
214		y.SetUint64(0)
215
216	case xSign < 0 && ySign >= 0:
217		y.SetUint64(1)
218
219	default:
220		if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
221			y.SetUint64(1)
222		} else {
223			y.SetUint64(0)
224		}
225	}
226	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
227	return nil, nil
228}
229
230func opEq(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
231	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
232	if x.Cmp(y) == 0 {
233		y.SetUint64(1)
234	} else {
235		y.SetUint64(0)
236	}
237	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
238	return nil, nil
239}
240
241func opIszero(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
242	x := stack.peek()
243	if x.Sign() > 0 {
244		x.SetUint64(0)
245	} else {
246		x.SetUint64(1)
247	}
248	return nil, nil
249}
250
251func opAnd(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
252	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
253	stack.push(x.And(x, y))
254
255	interpreter.intPool.put(y)
256	return nil, nil
257}
258
259func opOr(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
260	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
261	y.Or(x, y)
262
263	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
264	return nil, nil
265}
266
267func opXor(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
268	x, y := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
269	y.Xor(x, y)
270
271	interpreter.intPool.put(x)
272	return nil, nil
273}
274
275func opByte(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
276	th, val := stack.pop(), stack.peek()
277	if th.Cmp(common.Big32) < 0 {
278		b := math.Byte(val, 32, int(th.Int64()))
279		val.SetUint64(uint64(b))
280	} else {
281		val.SetUint64(0)
282	}
283	interpreter.intPool.put(th)
284	return nil, nil
285}
286
287func opAddmod(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
288	x, y, z := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
289	if z.Cmp(bigZero) > 0 {
290		x.Add(x, y)
291		x.Mod(x, z)
292		stack.push(math.U256(x))
293	} else {
294		stack.push(x.SetUint64(0))
295	}
296	interpreter.intPool.put(y, z)
297	return nil, nil
298}
299
300func opMulmod(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
301	x, y, z := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
302	if z.Cmp(bigZero) > 0 {
303		x.Mul(x, y)
304		x.Mod(x, z)
305		stack.push(math.U256(x))
306	} else {
307		stack.push(x.SetUint64(0))
308	}
309	interpreter.intPool.put(y, z)
310	return nil, nil
311}
312
313// opSHL implements Shift Left
314// The SHL instruction (shift left) pops 2 values from the stack, first arg1 and then arg2,
315// and pushes on the stack arg2 shifted to the left by arg1 number of bits.
316func opSHL(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
317	// Note, second operand is left in the stack; accumulate result into it, and no need to push it afterwards
318	shift, value := math.U256(stack.pop()), math.U256(stack.peek())
319	defer interpreter.intPool.put(shift) // First operand back into the pool
320
321	if shift.Cmp(common.Big256) >= 0 {
322		value.SetUint64(0)
323		return nil, nil
324	}
325	n := uint(shift.Uint64())
326	math.U256(value.Lsh(value, n))
327
328	return nil, nil
329}
330
331// opSHR implements Logical Shift Right
332// The SHR instruction (logical shift right) pops 2 values from the stack, first arg1 and then arg2,
333// and pushes on the stack arg2 shifted to the right by arg1 number of bits with zero fill.
334func opSHR(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
335	// Note, second operand is left in the stack; accumulate result into it, and no need to push it afterwards
336	shift, value := math.U256(stack.pop()), math.U256(stack.peek())
337	defer interpreter.intPool.put(shift) // First operand back into the pool
338
339	if shift.Cmp(common.Big256) >= 0 {
340		value.SetUint64(0)
341		return nil, nil
342	}
343	n := uint(shift.Uint64())
344	math.U256(value.Rsh(value, n))
345
346	return nil, nil
347}
348
349// opSAR implements Arithmetic Shift Right
350// The SAR instruction (arithmetic shift right) pops 2 values from the stack, first arg1 and then arg2,
351// and pushes on the stack arg2 shifted to the right by arg1 number of bits with sign extension.
352func opSAR(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
353	// Note, S256 returns (potentially) a new bigint, so we're popping, not peeking this one
354	shift, value := math.U256(stack.pop()), math.S256(stack.pop())
355	defer interpreter.intPool.put(shift) // First operand back into the pool
356
357	if shift.Cmp(common.Big256) >= 0 {
358		if value.Sign() >= 0 {
359			value.SetUint64(0)
360		} else {
361			value.SetInt64(-1)
362		}
363		stack.push(math.U256(value))
364		return nil, nil
365	}
366	n := uint(shift.Uint64())
367	value.Rsh(value, n)
368	stack.push(math.U256(value))
369
370	return nil, nil
371}
372
373func opSha3(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
374	offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
375	data := memory.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
376	hash := crypto.Keccak256(data)
377	evm := interpreter.evm
378
379	if evm.vmConfig.EnablePreimageRecording {
380		evm.StateDB.AddPreimage(common.BytesToHash(hash), data)
381	}
382	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetBytes(hash))
383
384	interpreter.intPool.put(offset, size)
385	return nil, nil
386}
387
388func opAddress(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
389	stack.push(contract.Address().Big())
390	return nil, nil
391}
392
393func opBalance(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
394	slot := stack.peek()
395	slot.Set(interpreter.evm.StateDB.GetBalance(common.BigToAddress(slot)))
396	return nil, nil
397}
398
399func opOrigin(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
400	stack.push(interpreter.evm.Origin.Big())
401	return nil, nil
402}
403
404func opCaller(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
405	stack.push(contract.Caller().Big())
406	return nil, nil
407}
408
409func opCallValue(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
410	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().Set(contract.value))
411	return nil, nil
412}
413
414func opCallDataLoad(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
415	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetBytes(getDataBig(contract.Input, stack.pop(), big32)))
416	return nil, nil
417}
418
419func opCallDataSize(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
420	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetInt64(int64(len(contract.Input))))
421	return nil, nil
422}
423
424func opCallDataCopy(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
425	var (
426		memOffset  = stack.pop()
427		dataOffset = stack.pop()
428		length     = stack.pop()
429	)
430	memory.Set(memOffset.Uint64(), length.Uint64(), getDataBig(contract.Input, dataOffset, length))
431
432	interpreter.intPool.put(memOffset, dataOffset, length)
433	return nil, nil
434}
435
436func opReturnDataSize(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
437	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(uint64(len(interpreter.returnData))))
438	return nil, nil
439}
440
441func opReturnDataCopy(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
442	var (
443		memOffset  = stack.pop()
444		dataOffset = stack.pop()
445		length     = stack.pop()
446
447		end = interpreter.intPool.get().Add(dataOffset, length)
448	)
449	defer interpreter.intPool.put(memOffset, dataOffset, length, end)
450
451	if end.BitLen() > 64 || uint64(len(interpreter.returnData)) < end.Uint64() {
452		return nil, errReturnDataOutOfBounds
453	}
454	memory.Set(memOffset.Uint64(), length.Uint64(), interpreter.returnData[dataOffset.Uint64():end.Uint64()])
455
456	return nil, nil
457}
458
459func opExtCodeSize(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
460	slot := stack.peek()
461	slot.SetUint64(uint64(interpreter.evm.StateDB.GetCodeSize(common.BigToAddress(slot))))
462
463	return nil, nil
464}
465
466func opCodeSize(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
467	l := interpreter.intPool.get().SetInt64(int64(len(contract.Code)))
468	stack.push(l)
469
470	return nil, nil
471}
472
473func opCodeCopy(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
474	var (
475		memOffset  = stack.pop()
476		codeOffset = stack.pop()
477		length     = stack.pop()
478	)
479	codeCopy := getDataBig(contract.Code, codeOffset, length)
480	memory.Set(memOffset.Uint64(), length.Uint64(), codeCopy)
481
482	interpreter.intPool.put(memOffset, codeOffset, length)
483	return nil, nil
484}
485
486func opExtCodeCopy(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
487	var (
488		addr       = common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
489		memOffset  = stack.pop()
490		codeOffset = stack.pop()
491		length     = stack.pop()
492	)
493	codeCopy := getDataBig(interpreter.evm.StateDB.GetCode(addr), codeOffset, length)
494	memory.Set(memOffset.Uint64(), length.Uint64(), codeCopy)
495
496	interpreter.intPool.put(memOffset, codeOffset, length)
497	return nil, nil
498}
499
500// opExtCodeHash returns the code hash of a specified account.
501// There are several cases when the function is called, while we can relay everything
502// to `state.GetCodeHash` function to ensure the correctness.
503//   (1) Caller tries to get the code hash of a normal contract account, state
504// should return the relative code hash and set it as the result.
505//
506//   (2) Caller tries to get the code hash of a non-existent account, state should
507// return common.Hash{} and zero will be set as the result.
508//
509//   (3) Caller tries to get the code hash for an account without contract code,
510// state should return emptyCodeHash(0xc5d246...) as the result.
511//
512//   (4) Caller tries to get the code hash of a precompiled account, the result
513// should be zero or emptyCodeHash.
514//
515// It is worth noting that in order to avoid unnecessary create and clean,
516// all precompile accounts on mainnet have been transferred 1 wei, so the return
517// here should be emptyCodeHash.
518// If the precompile account is not transferred any amount on a private or
519// customized chain, the return value will be zero.
520//
521//   (5) Caller tries to get the code hash for an account which is marked as suicided
522// in the current transaction, the code hash of this account should be returned.
523//
524//   (6) Caller tries to get the code hash for an account which is marked as deleted,
525// this account should be regarded as a non-existent account and zero should be returned.
526func opExtCodeHash(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
527	slot := stack.peek()
528	slot.SetBytes(interpreter.evm.StateDB.GetCodeHash(common.BigToAddress(slot)).Bytes())
529	return nil, nil
530}
531
532func opGasprice(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
533	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().Set(interpreter.evm.GasPrice))
534	return nil, nil
535}
536
537func opBlockhash(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
538	num := stack.pop()
539
540	n := interpreter.intPool.get().Sub(interpreter.evm.BlockNumber, common.Big257)
541	if num.Cmp(n) > 0 && num.Cmp(interpreter.evm.BlockNumber) < 0 {
542		stack.push(interpreter.evm.GetHash(num.Uint64()).Big())
543	} else {
544		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
545	}
546	interpreter.intPool.put(num, n)
547	return nil, nil
548}
549
550func opCoinbase(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
551	stack.push(interpreter.evm.Coinbase.Big())
552	return nil, nil
553}
554
555func opTimestamp(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
556	stack.push(math.U256(interpreter.intPool.get().Set(interpreter.evm.Time)))
557	return nil, nil
558}
559
560func opNumber(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
561	stack.push(math.U256(interpreter.intPool.get().Set(interpreter.evm.BlockNumber)))
562	return nil, nil
563}
564
565func opDifficulty(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
566	stack.push(math.U256(interpreter.intPool.get().Set(interpreter.evm.Difficulty)))
567	return nil, nil
568}
569
570func opGasLimit(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
571	stack.push(math.U256(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(interpreter.evm.GasLimit)))
572	return nil, nil
573}
574
575func opPop(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
576	interpreter.intPool.put(stack.pop())
577	return nil, nil
578}
579
580func opMload(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
581	offset := stack.pop()
582	val := interpreter.intPool.get().SetBytes(memory.Get(offset.Int64(), 32))
583	stack.push(val)
584
585	interpreter.intPool.put(offset)
586	return nil, nil
587}
588
589func opMstore(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
590	// pop value of the stack
591	mStart, val := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
592	memory.Set32(mStart.Uint64(), val)
593
594	interpreter.intPool.put(mStart, val)
595	return nil, nil
596}
597
598func opMstore8(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
599	off, val := stack.pop().Int64(), stack.pop().Int64()
600	memory.store[off] = byte(val & 0xff)
601
602	return nil, nil
603}
604
605func opSload(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
606	loc := stack.peek()
607	val := interpreter.evm.StateDB.GetState(contract.Address(), common.BigToHash(loc))
608	loc.SetBytes(val.Bytes())
609	return nil, nil
610}
611
612func opSstore(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
613	loc := common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
614	val := stack.pop()
615	interpreter.evm.StateDB.SetState(contract.Address(), loc, common.BigToHash(val))
616
617	interpreter.intPool.put(val)
618	return nil, nil
619}
620
621func opJump(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
622	pos := stack.pop()
623	if !contract.jumpdests.has(contract.CodeHash, contract.Code, pos) {
624		nop := contract.GetOp(pos.Uint64())
625		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid jump destination (%v) %v", nop, pos)
626	}
627	*pc = pos.Uint64()
628
629	interpreter.intPool.put(pos)
630	return nil, nil
631}
632
633func opJumpi(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
634	pos, cond := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
635	if cond.Sign() != 0 {
636		if !contract.jumpdests.has(contract.CodeHash, contract.Code, pos) {
637			nop := contract.GetOp(pos.Uint64())
638			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid jump destination (%v) %v", nop, pos)
639		}
640		*pc = pos.Uint64()
641	} else {
642		*pc++
643	}
644
645	interpreter.intPool.put(pos, cond)
646	return nil, nil
647}
648
649func opJumpdest(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
650	return nil, nil
651}
652
653func opPc(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
654	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(*pc))
655	return nil, nil
656}
657
658func opMsize(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
659	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetInt64(int64(memory.Len())))
660	return nil, nil
661}
662
663func opGas(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
664	stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(contract.Gas))
665	return nil, nil
666}
667
668func opCreate(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
669	var (
670		value        = stack.pop()
671		offset, size = stack.pop(), stack.pop()
672		input        = memory.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
673		gas          = contract.Gas
674	)
675	if interpreter.evm.ChainConfig().IsEIP150(interpreter.evm.BlockNumber) {
676		gas -= gas / 64
677	}
678
679	contract.UseGas(gas)
680	res, addr, returnGas, suberr := interpreter.evm.Create(contract, input, gas, value)
681	// Push item on the stack based on the returned error. If the ruleset is
682	// homestead we must check for CodeStoreOutOfGasError (homestead only
683	// rule) and treat as an error, if the ruleset is frontier we must
684	// ignore this error and pretend the operation was successful.
685	if interpreter.evm.ChainConfig().IsHomestead(interpreter.evm.BlockNumber) && suberr == ErrCodeStoreOutOfGas {
686		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
687	} else if suberr != nil && suberr != ErrCodeStoreOutOfGas {
688		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
689	} else {
690		stack.push(addr.Big())
691	}
692	contract.Gas += returnGas
693	interpreter.intPool.put(value, offset, size)
694
695	if suberr == errExecutionReverted {
696		return res, nil
697	}
698	return nil, nil
699}
700
701func opCreate2(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
702	var (
703		endowment    = stack.pop()
704		offset, size = stack.pop(), stack.pop()
705		salt         = stack.pop()
706		input        = memory.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
707		gas          = contract.Gas
708	)
709
710	// Apply EIP150
711	gas -= gas / 64
712	contract.UseGas(gas)
713	res, addr, returnGas, suberr := interpreter.evm.Create2(contract, input, gas, endowment, salt)
714	// Push item on the stack based on the returned error.
715	if suberr != nil {
716		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
717	} else {
718		stack.push(addr.Big())
719	}
720	contract.Gas += returnGas
721	interpreter.intPool.put(endowment, offset, size, salt)
722
723	if suberr == errExecutionReverted {
724		return res, nil
725	}
726	return nil, nil
727}
728
729func opCall(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
730	// Pop gas. The actual gas in in interpreter.evm.callGasTemp.
731	interpreter.intPool.put(stack.pop())
732	gas := interpreter.evm.callGasTemp
733	// Pop other call parameters.
734	addr, value, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
735	toAddr := common.BigToAddress(addr)
736	value = math.U256(value)
737	// Get the arguments from the memory.
738	args := memory.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())
739
740	if value.Sign() != 0 {
741		gas += params.CallStipend
742	}
743	ret, returnGas, err := interpreter.evm.Call(contract, toAddr, args, gas, value)
744	if err != nil {
745		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
746	} else {
747		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(1))
748	}
749	if err == nil || err == errExecutionReverted {
750		memory.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
751	}
752	contract.Gas += returnGas
753
754	interpreter.intPool.put(addr, value, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize)
755	return ret, nil
756}
757
758func opCallCode(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
759	// Pop gas. The actual gas is in interpreter.evm.callGasTemp.
760	interpreter.intPool.put(stack.pop())
761	gas := interpreter.evm.callGasTemp
762	// Pop other call parameters.
763	addr, value, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
764	toAddr := common.BigToAddress(addr)
765	value = math.U256(value)
766	// Get arguments from the memory.
767	args := memory.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())
768
769	if value.Sign() != 0 {
770		gas += params.CallStipend
771	}
772	ret, returnGas, err := interpreter.evm.CallCode(contract, toAddr, args, gas, value)
773	if err != nil {
774		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
775	} else {
776		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(1))
777	}
778	if err == nil || err == errExecutionReverted {
779		memory.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
780	}
781	contract.Gas += returnGas
782
783	interpreter.intPool.put(addr, value, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize)
784	return ret, nil
785}
786
787func opDelegateCall(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
788	// Pop gas. The actual gas is in interpreter.evm.callGasTemp.
789	interpreter.intPool.put(stack.pop())
790	gas := interpreter.evm.callGasTemp
791	// Pop other call parameters.
792	addr, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
793	toAddr := common.BigToAddress(addr)
794	// Get arguments from the memory.
795	args := memory.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())
796
797	ret, returnGas, err := interpreter.evm.DelegateCall(contract, toAddr, args, gas)
798	if err != nil {
799		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
800	} else {
801		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(1))
802	}
803	if err == nil || err == errExecutionReverted {
804		memory.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
805	}
806	contract.Gas += returnGas
807
808	interpreter.intPool.put(addr, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize)
809	return ret, nil
810}
811
812func opStaticCall(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
813	// Pop gas. The actual gas is in interpreter.evm.callGasTemp.
814	interpreter.intPool.put(stack.pop())
815	gas := interpreter.evm.callGasTemp
816	// Pop other call parameters.
817	addr, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
818	toAddr := common.BigToAddress(addr)
819	// Get arguments from the memory.
820	args := memory.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())
821
822	ret, returnGas, err := interpreter.evm.StaticCall(contract, toAddr, args, gas)
823	if err != nil {
824		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.getZero())
825	} else {
826		stack.push(interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(1))
827	}
828	if err == nil || err == errExecutionReverted {
829		memory.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
830	}
831	contract.Gas += returnGas
832
833	interpreter.intPool.put(addr, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize)
834	return ret, nil
835}
836
837func opReturn(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
838	offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
839	ret := memory.GetPtr(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
840
841	interpreter.intPool.put(offset, size)
842	return ret, nil
843}
844
845func opRevert(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
846	offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
847	ret := memory.GetPtr(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
848
849	interpreter.intPool.put(offset, size)
850	return ret, nil
851}
852
853func opStop(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
854	return nil, nil
855}
856
857func opSuicide(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
858	balance := interpreter.evm.StateDB.GetBalance(contract.Address())
859	interpreter.evm.StateDB.AddBalance(common.BigToAddress(stack.pop()), balance)
860
861	interpreter.evm.StateDB.Suicide(contract.Address())
862	return nil, nil
863}
864
865// following functions are used by the instruction jump  table
866
867// make log instruction function
868func makeLog(size int) executionFunc {
869	return func(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
870		topics := make([]common.Hash, size)
871		mStart, mSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
872		for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
873			topics[i] = common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
874		}
875
876		d := memory.Get(mStart.Int64(), mSize.Int64())
877		interpreter.evm.StateDB.AddLog(&types.Log{
878			Address: contract.Address(),
879			Topics:  topics,
880			Data:    d,
881			// This is a non-consensus field, but assigned here because
882			// core/state doesn't know the current block number.
883			BlockNumber: interpreter.evm.BlockNumber.Uint64(),
884		})
885
886		interpreter.intPool.put(mStart, mSize)
887		return nil, nil
888	}
889}
890
891// make push instruction function
892func makePush(size uint64, pushByteSize int) executionFunc {
893	return func(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
894		codeLen := len(contract.Code)
895
896		startMin := codeLen
897		if int(*pc+1) < startMin {
898			startMin = int(*pc + 1)
899		}
900
901		endMin := codeLen
902		if startMin+pushByteSize < endMin {
903			endMin = startMin + pushByteSize
904		}
905
906		integer := interpreter.intPool.get()
907		stack.push(integer.SetBytes(common.RightPadBytes(contract.Code[startMin:endMin], pushByteSize)))
908
909		*pc += size
910		return nil, nil
911	}
912}
913
914// make dup instruction function
915func makeDup(size int64) executionFunc {
916	return func(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
917		stack.dup(interpreter.intPool, int(size))
918		return nil, nil
919	}
920}
921
922// make swap instruction function
923func makeSwap(size int64) executionFunc {
924	// switch n + 1 otherwise n would be swapped with n
925	size++
926	return func(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
927		stack.swap(int(size))
928		return nil, nil
929	}
930}
931