1 /*	$OpenBSD: base64.c,v 1.3 1997/11/08 20:46:55 deraadt Exp $	*/
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 by Internet Software Consortium.
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
6  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8  *
9  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM DISCLAIMS
10  * ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
11  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTERNET SOFTWARE
12  * CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
13  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
14  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
15  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
16  * SOFTWARE.
17  */
18 
19 /*
20  * Portions Copyright (c) 1995 by International Business Machines, Inc.
21  *
22  * International Business Machines, Inc. (hereinafter called IBM) grants
23  * permission under its copyrights to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
24  * Software with or without fee, provided that the above copyright notice and
25  * all paragraphs of this notice appear in all copies, and that the name of IBM
26  * not be used in connection with the marketing of any product incorporating
27  * the Software or modifications thereof, without specific, written prior
28  * permission.
29  *
30  * To the extent it has a right to do so, IBM grants an immunity from suit
31  * under its patents, if any, for the use, sale or manufacture of products to
32  * the extent that such products are used for performing Domain Name System
33  * dynamic updates in TCP/IP networks by means of the Software.  No immunity is
34  * granted for any product per se or for any other function of any product.
35  *
36  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", AND IBM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES,
37  * INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
38  * PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  IN NO EVENT SHALL IBM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
39  * DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER ARISING
40  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
41  * IF IBM IS APPRISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
42  */
43 
44 #include "gpsd_config.h"  /* must be before all includes */
45 
46 #include <stdlib.h>
47 #include <sys/types.h>
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <stdio.h>
50 #include <stdlib.h>
51 #include <string.h>
52 #include <assert.h>
53 
54 #include "gpsd.h"	/* we only need the prototype */
55 
56 static const char Base64[] =
57     "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
58 static const char Pad64 = '=';
59 
60 /* (From RFC1521 and draft-ietf-dnssec-secext-03.txt)
61    The following encoding technique is taken from RFC 1521 by Borenstein
62    and Freed.  It is reproduced here in a slightly edited form for
63    convenience.
64 
65    A 65-character subset of US-ASCII is used, enabling 6 bits to be
66    represented per printable character. (The extra 65th character, "=",
67    is used to signify a special processing function.)
68 
69    The encoding process represents 24-bit groups of input bits as output
70    strings of 4 encoded characters. Proceeding from left to right, a
71    24-bit input group is formed by concatenating 3 8-bit input groups.
72    These 24 bits are then treated as 4 concatenated 6-bit groups, each
73    of which is translated into a single digit in the base64 alphabet.
74 
75    Each 6-bit group is used as an index into an array of 64 printable
76    characters. The character referenced by the index is placed in the
77    output string.
78 
79                          Table 1: The Base64 Alphabet
80 
81       Value Encoding  Value Encoding  Value Encoding  Value Encoding
82           0 A            17 R            34 i            51 z
83           1 B            18 S            35 j            52 0
84           2 C            19 T            36 k            53 1
85           3 D            20 U            37 l            54 2
86           4 E            21 V            38 m            55 3
87           5 F            22 W            39 n            56 4
88           6 G            23 X            40 o            57 5
89           7 H            24 Y            41 p            58 6
90           8 I            25 Z            42 q            59 7
91           9 J            26 a            43 r            60 8
92          10 K            27 b            44 s            61 9
93          11 L            28 c            45 t            62 +
94          12 M            29 d            46 u            63 /
95          13 N            30 e            47 v
96          14 O            31 f            48 w         (pad) =
97          15 P            32 g            49 x
98          16 Q            33 h            50 y
99 
100    Special processing is performed if fewer than 24 bits are available
101    at the end of the data being encoded.  A full encoding quantum is
102    always completed at the end of a quantity.  When fewer than 24 input
103    bits are available in an input group, zero bits are added (on the
104    right) to form an integral number of 6-bit groups.  Padding at the
105    end of the data is performed using the '=' character.
106 
107    Since all base64 input is an integral number of octets, only the
108          -------------------------------------------------
109    following cases can arise:
110 
111        (1) the final quantum of encoding input is an integral
112            multiple of 24 bits; here, the final unit of encoded
113 	   output will be an integral multiple of 4 characters
114 	   with no "=" padding,
115        (2) the final quantum of encoding input is exactly 8 bits;
116            here, the final unit of encoded output will be two
117 	   characters followed by two "=" padding characters, or
118        (3) the final quantum of encoding input is exactly 16 bits;
119            here, the final unit of encoded output will be three
120 	   characters followed by one "=" padding character.
121    */
122 
123 int
b64_ntop(unsigned char const * src,size_t srclength,char * target,size_t targsize)124 b64_ntop(unsigned char const *src, size_t srclength, char *target,
125 	 size_t targsize)
126 {
127     size_t datalength = 0;
128     unsigned char input[3];
129     unsigned char output[4];
130 
131     while (2 < srclength) {
132 	input[0] = *src++;
133 	input[1] = *src++;
134 	input[2] = *src++;
135 	srclength -= 3;
136 
137 	output[0] = input[0] >> 2;
138 	output[1] = ((input[0] & 0x03) << 4) + (input[1] >> 4);
139 	output[2] = ((input[1] & 0x0f) << 2) + (input[2] >> 6);
140 	output[3] = input[2] & 0x3f;
141 	assert(output[0] < 64);
142 	assert(output[1] < 64);
143 	assert(output[2] < 64);
144 	assert(output[3] < 64);
145 
146 	if (datalength + 4 > targsize)
147 	    return (-1);
148 	target[datalength++] = Base64[output[0]];
149 	target[datalength++] = Base64[output[1]];
150 	target[datalength++] = Base64[output[2]];
151 	target[datalength++] = Base64[output[3]];
152     }
153 
154     /* Now we worry about padding. */
155     if (0 != srclength) {
156 	size_t i;
157 	/* Get what's left. */
158 	input[0] = input[1] = input[2] = '\0';
159 	for (i = 0; i < srclength; i++)
160 	    input[i] = *src++;
161 
162 	output[0] = input[0] >> 2;
163 	output[1] = ((input[0] & 0x03) << 4) + (input[1] >> 4);
164 	output[2] = ((input[1] & 0x0f) << 2) + (input[2] >> 6);
165 	assert(output[0] < 64);
166 	assert(output[1] < 64);
167 	assert(output[2] < 64);
168 
169 	if (datalength + 4 > targsize)
170 	    return (-1);
171 	target[datalength++] = Base64[output[0]];
172 	target[datalength++] = Base64[output[1]];
173 	if (srclength == 1)
174 	    target[datalength++] = Pad64;
175 	else
176 	    target[datalength++] = Base64[output[2]];
177 	target[datalength++] = Pad64;
178     }
179     if (datalength >= targsize)
180 	return (-1);
181     target[datalength] = '\0';	/* Returned value doesn't count \0. */
182     return (datalength);
183 }
184 
185 /* end */
186