1 /*
2  * coap_pdu_internal.h -- CoAP PDU structure
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2010-2021 Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
5  *
6  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
7  *
8  * This file is part of the CoAP library libcoap. Please see README for terms
9  * of use.
10  */
11 
12 /**
13  * @file coap_pdu_internal.h
14  * @brief CoAP PDU internal information
15  */
16 
17 #ifndef COAP_COAP_PDU_INTERNAL_H_
18 #define COAP_COAP_PDU_INTERNAL_H_
19 
20 #ifdef WITH_LWIP
21 #include <lwip/pbuf.h>
22 #endif
23 
24 #include <stdint.h>
25 
26 /**
27  * @defgroup pdu_internal PDU (Internal)
28  * CoAP PDU Structures, Enums and Functions that are not exposed to
29  * applications
30  * @{
31  */
32 
33 #define COAP_DEFAULT_VERSION      1 /* version of CoAP supported */
34 
35 /* TCP Message format constants, do not modify */
36 #define COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP8 13
37 #define COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP16 269 /* 13 + 256 */
38 #define COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP32 65805 /* 269 + 65536 */
39 
40 /* Derived message size limits */
41 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP0 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP8-1) /* 12 */
42 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP8 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP16-1) /* 268 */
43 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP16 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP32-1) /* 65804 */
44 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP32 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP32+0xFFFFFFFF)
45 
46 #ifndef COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE
47 #if defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP)
48 #define COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE 128
49 #else /* defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP) */
50 /* 1024 derived from RFC7252 4.6.  Message Size max payload */
51 #define COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE (8 + 1024 * 2)
52 #endif /* defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP) */
53 #endif /* COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE */
54 
55 #ifndef COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE
56 #if defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP)
57 #define COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE (COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP16+4UL)
58 #else
59 /* 8 MiB max-message-size plus some space for options */
60 #define COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE (8UL*1024*1024+256)
61 #endif
62 #endif /* COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE */
63 
64 /**
65  * Indicates that a response is suppressed. This will occur for error
66  * responses if the request was received via IP multicast.
67  */
68 #define COAP_DROPPED_RESPONSE -2
69 
70 #define COAP_PDU_DELAYED -3
71 
72 #define COAP_PAYLOAD_START 0xFF /* payload marker */
73 
74 #define COAP_PDU_IS_EMPTY(pdu)     ((pdu)->code == 0)
75 #define COAP_PDU_IS_REQUEST(pdu)   (!COAP_PDU_IS_EMPTY(pdu) && (pdu)->code < 32)
76 #define COAP_PDU_IS_RESPONSE(pdu)  ((pdu)->code >= 64 && (pdu)->code < 224)
77 #define COAP_PDU_IS_SIGNALING(pdu) ((pdu)->code >= 224)
78 
79 #define COAP_PDU_MAX_UDP_HEADER_SIZE 4
80 #define COAP_PDU_MAX_TCP_HEADER_SIZE 6
81 
82 /**
83  * structure for CoAP PDUs
84  * token, if any, follows the fixed size header, then options until
85  * payload marker (0xff), then the payload if stored inline.
86  * Memory layout is:
87  * <---header--->|<---token---><---options--->0xff<---payload--->
88  * header is addressed with a negative offset to token, its maximum size is
89  * max_hdr_size.
90  * options starts at token + token_length
91  * payload starts at data, its length is used_size - (data - token)
92  */
93 
94 struct coap_pdu_t {
95   coap_pdu_type_t type;     /**< message type */
96   coap_pdu_code_t code;     /**< request method (value 1--31) or response code
97                                  (value 64-255) */
98   coap_mid_t mid;           /**< message id, if any, in regular host byte
99                                  order */
100   uint8_t max_hdr_size;     /**< space reserved for protocol-specific header */
101   uint8_t hdr_size;         /**< actual size used for protocol-specific
102                                  header */
103   uint8_t token_length;     /**< length of Token */
104   uint16_t max_opt;         /**< highest option number in PDU */
105   size_t alloc_size;        /**< allocated storage for token, options and
106                                  payload */
107   size_t used_size;         /**< used bytes of storage for token, options and
108                                  payload */
109   size_t max_size;          /**< maximum size for token, options and payload,
110                                  or zero for variable size pdu */
111   uint8_t *token;           /**< first byte of token, if any, or options */
112   uint8_t *data;            /**< first byte of payload, if any */
113 #ifdef WITH_LWIP
114   struct pbuf *pbuf;        /**< lwIP PBUF. The package data will always reside
115                              *   inside the pbuf's payload, but this pointer
116                              *   has to be kept because no exact offset can be
117                              *   given. This field must not be accessed from
118                              *   outside, because the pbuf's reference count
119                              *   is checked to be 1 when the pbuf is assigned
120                              *   to the pdu, and the pbuf stays exclusive to
121                              *   this pdu. */
122 #endif
123   const uint8_t *body_data; /**< Holds ptr to re-assembled data or NULL */
124   size_t body_length;       /**< Holds body data length */
125   size_t body_offset;       /**< Holds body data offset */
126   size_t body_total;        /**< Holds body data total size */
127   coap_lg_xmit_t *lg_xmit;  /**< Holds ptr to lg_xmit if sending a set of
128                                  blocks */
129 };
130 
131 /**
132  * Dynamically grows the size of @p pdu to @p new_size. The new size
133  * must not exceed the PDU's configure maximum size. On success, this
134  * function returns 1, otherwise 0.
135  *
136  * @param pdu      The PDU to resize.
137  * @param new_size The new size in bytes.
138  * @return         1 if the operation succeeded, 0 otherwise.
139  */
140 int coap_pdu_resize(coap_pdu_t *pdu, size_t new_size);
141 
142 /**
143  * Dynamically grows the size of @p pdu to @p new_size if needed. The new size
144  * must not exceed the PDU's configured maximum size. On success, this
145  * function returns 1, otherwise 0.
146  *
147  * @param pdu      The PDU to resize.
148  * @param new_size The new size in bytes.
149  * @return         1 if the operation succeeded, 0 otherwise.
150  */
151 int coap_pdu_check_resize(coap_pdu_t *pdu, size_t new_size);
152 
153 /**
154 * Interprets @p data to determine the number of bytes in the header.
155 * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on success.
156 *
157 * @param proto  Session's protocol
158 * @param data   The first byte of raw data to parse as CoAP PDU.
159 *
160 * @return       A value greater than zero on success or @c 0 on error.
161 */
162 size_t coap_pdu_parse_header_size(coap_proto_t proto,
163                                  const uint8_t *data);
164 
165 /**
166  * Parses @p data to extract the message size.
167  * @p length must be at least coap_pdu_parse_header_size(proto, data).
168  * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on success.
169  *
170  * @param proto  Session's protocol
171  * @param data   The raw data to parse as CoAP PDU.
172  * @param length The actual size of @p data.
173  *
174  * @return       A value greater than zero on success or @c 0 on error.
175  */
176 size_t coap_pdu_parse_size(coap_proto_t proto,
177                            const uint8_t *data,
178                            size_t length);
179 
180 /**
181  * Decode the protocol specific header for the specified PDU.
182  * @param pdu A newly received PDU.
183  * @param proto The target wire protocol.
184  * @return 1 for success or 0 on error.
185  */
186 
187 int coap_pdu_parse_header(coap_pdu_t *pdu, coap_proto_t proto);
188 
189 /**
190  * Verify consistency in the given CoAP PDU structure and locate the data.
191  * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on
192  * success.
193  * This function only parses the token and options, up to the payload start
194  * marker.
195  *
196  * @param pdu     The PDU structure to check.
197  *
198  * @return       1 on success or @c 0 on error.
199  */
200 int coap_pdu_parse_opt(coap_pdu_t *pdu);
201 
202 /**
203 * Parses @p data into the CoAP PDU structure given in @p result.
204 * The target pdu must be large enough to
205 * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on success.
206 *
207 * @param proto   Session's protocol
208 * @param data    The raw data to parse as CoAP PDU.
209 * @param length  The actual size of @p data.
210 * @param pdu     The PDU structure to fill. Note that the structure must
211 *                provide space to hold at least the token and options
212 *                part of the message.
213 *
214 * @return       1 on success or @c 0 on error.
215 */
216 int coap_pdu_parse(coap_proto_t proto,
217                    const uint8_t *data,
218                    size_t length,
219                    coap_pdu_t *pdu);
220 
221 /**
222  * Clears any contents from @p pdu and resets @c used_size,
223  * and @c data pointers. @c max_size is set to @p size, any
224  * other field is set to @c 0. Note that @p pdu must be a valid
225  * pointer to a coap_pdu_t object created e.g. by coap_pdu_init().
226  *
227  * @param pdu   The PDU to clear.
228  * @param size  The maximum size of the PDU.
229  */
230 void coap_pdu_clear(coap_pdu_t *pdu, size_t size);
231 
232 /**
233  * Removes (first) option of given number from the @p pdu.
234  *
235  * @param pdu   The PDU to remove the option from.
236  * @param number The number of the CoAP option to remove (first only removed).
237  *
238  * @return @c 1 if success else @c 0 if error.
239  */
240 int coap_remove_option(coap_pdu_t *pdu, coap_option_num_t number);
241 
242 /**
243  * Inserts option of given number in the @p pdu with the appropriate data.
244  * The option will be inserted in the appropriate place in the options in
245  * the pdu.
246  *
247  * @param pdu    The PDU where the option is to be inserted.
248  * @param number The number of the new option.
249  * @param len    The length of the new option.
250  * @param data   The data of the new option.
251  *
252  * @return The overall length of the option or @c 0 on failure.
253  */
254 size_t coap_insert_option(coap_pdu_t *pdu, coap_option_num_t number,
255                           size_t len, const uint8_t *data);
256 
257 /**
258  * Updates existing first option of given number in the @p pdu with the new
259  * data.
260  *
261  * @param pdu    The PDU where the option is to be updated.
262  * @param number The number of the option to update (first only updated).
263  * @param len    The length of the updated option.
264  * @param data   The data of the updated option.
265  *
266  * @return The overall length of the updated option or @c 0 on failure.
267  */
268 size_t coap_update_option(coap_pdu_t *pdu,
269                           coap_option_num_t number,
270                           size_t len,
271                           const uint8_t *data);
272 
273 /**
274  * Compose the protocol specific header for the specified PDU.
275  *
276  * @param pdu A newly composed PDU.
277  * @param proto The target wire protocol.
278  *
279  * @return Number of header bytes prepended before pdu->token or 0 on error.
280  */
281 
282 size_t coap_pdu_encode_header(coap_pdu_t *pdu, coap_proto_t proto);
283 
284  /**
285  * Updates token in @p pdu with length @p len and @p data.
286  * This function returns @c 0 on error or a value greater than zero on success.
287  *
288  * @param pdu  The PDU where the token is to be updated.
289  * @param len  The length of the new token.
290  * @param data The token to add.
291  *
292  * @return     A value greater than zero on success, or @c 0 on error.
293  */
294 int coap_update_token(coap_pdu_t *pdu,
295                       size_t len,
296                       const uint8_t *data);
297 
298 /** @} */
299 
300 #endif /* COAP_COAP_PDU_INTERNAL_H_ */
301