1 /**
2  * \file hmac_drbg.h
3  *
4  * \brief The HMAC_DRBG pseudorandom generator.
5  *
6  * This module implements the HMAC_DRBG pseudorandom generator described
7  * in <em>NIST SP 800-90A: Recommendation for Random Number Generation Using
8  * Deterministic Random Bit Generators</em>.
9  */
10 /*
11  *  Copyright The Mbed TLS Contributors
12  *  SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 OR GPL-2.0-or-later
13  *
14  *  This file is provided under the Apache License 2.0, or the
15  *  GNU General Public License v2.0 or later.
16  *
17  *  **********
18  *  Apache License 2.0:
19  *
20  *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
21  *  not use this file except in compliance with the License.
22  *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
23  *
24  *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
25  *
26  *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
27  *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
28  *  WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
29  *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
30  *  limitations under the License.
31  *
32  *  **********
33  *
34  *  **********
35  *  GNU General Public License v2.0 or later:
36  *
37  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
38  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
39  *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
40  *  (at your option) any later version.
41  *
42  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
43  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
44  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
45  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
46  *
47  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
48  *  with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
49  *  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
50  *
51  *  **********
52  */
53 #ifndef MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_H
54 #define MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_H
55 
56 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE)
57 #include "config.h"
58 #else
59 #include MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE
60 #endif
61 
62 #include "md.h"
63 
64 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
65 #include "threading.h"
66 #endif
67 
68 /*
69  * Error codes
70  */
71 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_REQUEST_TOO_BIG              -0x0003  /**< Too many random requested in single call. */
72 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_INPUT_TOO_BIG                -0x0005  /**< Input too large (Entropy + additional). */
73 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR                -0x0007  /**< Read/write error in file. */
74 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED        -0x0009  /**< The entropy source failed. */
75 
76 /**
77  * \name SECTION: Module settings
78  *
79  * The configuration options you can set for this module are in this section.
80  * Either change them in config.h or define them on the compiler command line.
81  * \{
82  */
83 
84 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_RESEED_INTERVAL)
85 #define MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_RESEED_INTERVAL   10000   /**< Interval before reseed is performed by default */
86 #endif
87 
88 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_INPUT)
89 #define MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_INPUT         256     /**< Maximum number of additional input bytes */
90 #endif
91 
92 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_REQUEST)
93 #define MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_REQUEST       1024    /**< Maximum number of requested bytes per call */
94 #endif
95 
96 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT)
97 #define MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT    384     /**< Maximum size of (re)seed buffer */
98 #endif
99 
100 /* \} name SECTION: Module settings */
101 
102 #define MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_PR_OFF   0   /**< No prediction resistance       */
103 #define MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_PR_ON    1   /**< Prediction resistance enabled  */
104 
105 #ifdef __cplusplus
106 extern "C" {
107 #endif
108 
109 /**
110  * HMAC_DRBG context.
111  */
112 typedef struct mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context
113 {
114     /* Working state: the key K is not stored explicitly,
115      * but is implied by the HMAC context */
116     mbedtls_md_context_t md_ctx;                    /*!< HMAC context (inc. K)  */
117     unsigned char V[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];  /*!< V in the spec          */
118     int reseed_counter;                     /*!< reseed counter         */
119 
120     /* Administrative state */
121     size_t entropy_len;         /*!< entropy bytes grabbed on each (re)seed */
122     int prediction_resistance;  /*!< enable prediction resistance (Automatic
123                                      reseed before every random generation) */
124     int reseed_interval;        /*!< reseed interval   */
125 
126     /* Callbacks */
127     int (*f_entropy)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t); /*!< entropy function */
128     void *p_entropy;            /*!< context for the entropy function        */
129 
130 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
131     /* Invariant: the mutex is initialized if and only if
132      * md_ctx->md_info != NULL. This means that the mutex is initialized
133      * during the initial seeding in mbedtls_hmac_drbg_seed() or
134      * mbedtls_hmac_drbg_seed_buf() and freed in mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free().
135      *
136      * Note that this invariant may change without notice. Do not rely on it
137      * and do not access the mutex directly in application code.
138      */
139     mbedtls_threading_mutex_t mutex;
140 #endif
141 } mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context;
142 
143 /**
144  * \brief               HMAC_DRBG context initialization.
145  *
146  * This function makes the context ready for mbedtls_hmac_drbg_seed(),
147  * mbedtls_hmac_drbg_seed_buf() or mbedtls_hmac_drbg_free().
148  *
149  * \note                The reseed interval is #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_RESEED_INTERVAL
150  *                      by default. Override this value by calling
151  *                      mbedtls_hmac_drbg_set_reseed_interval().
152  *
153  * \param ctx           HMAC_DRBG context to be initialized.
154  */
155 void mbedtls_hmac_drbg_init( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx );
156 
157 /**
158  * \brief               HMAC_DRBG initial seeding.
159  *
160  * Set the initial seed and set up the entropy source for future reseeds.
161  *
162  * A typical choice for the \p f_entropy and \p p_entropy parameters is
163  * to use the entropy module:
164  * - \p f_entropy is mbedtls_entropy_func();
165  * - \p p_entropy is an instance of ::mbedtls_entropy_context initialized
166  *   with mbedtls_entropy_init() (which registers the platform's default
167  *   entropy sources).
168  *
169  * You can provide a personalization string in addition to the
170  * entropy source, to make this instantiation as unique as possible.
171  *
172  * \note                By default, the security strength as defined by NIST is:
173  *                      - 128 bits if \p md_info is SHA-1;
174  *                      - 192 bits if \p md_info is SHA-224;
175  *                      - 256 bits if \p md_info is SHA-256, SHA-384 or SHA-512.
176  *                      Note that SHA-256 is just as efficient as SHA-224.
177  *                      The security strength can be reduced if a smaller
178  *                      entropy length is set with
179  *                      mbedtls_hmac_drbg_set_entropy_len().
180  *
181  * \note                The default entropy length is the security strength
182  *                      (converted from bits to bytes). You can override
183  *                      it by calling mbedtls_hmac_drbg_set_entropy_len().
184  *
185  * \note                During the initial seeding, this function calls
186  *                      the entropy source to obtain a nonce
187  *                      whose length is half the entropy length.
188  */
189 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
190 /**
191  * \note                When Mbed TLS is built with threading support,
192  *                      after this function returns successfully,
193  *                      it is safe to call mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random()
194  *                      from multiple threads. Other operations, including
195  *                      reseeding, are not thread-safe.
196  */
197 #endif /* MBEDTLS_THREADING_C */
198 /**
199  * \param ctx           HMAC_DRBG context to be seeded.
200  * \param md_info       MD algorithm to use for HMAC_DRBG.
201  * \param f_entropy     The entropy callback, taking as arguments the
202  *                      \p p_entropy context, the buffer to fill, and the
203  *                      length of the buffer.
204  *                      \p f_entropy is always called with a length that is
205  *                      less than or equal to the entropy length.
206  * \param p_entropy     The entropy context to pass to \p f_entropy.
207  * \param custom        The personalization string.
208  *                      This can be \c NULL, in which case the personalization
209  *                      string is empty regardless of the value of \p len.
210  * \param len           The length of the personalization string.
211  *                      This must be at most #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_INPUT
212  *                      and also at most
213  *                      #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT - \p entropy_len * 3 / 2
214  *                      where \p entropy_len is the entropy length
215  *                      described above.
216  *
217  * \return              \c 0 if successful.
218  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if \p md_info is
219  *                      invalid.
220  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_ALLOC_FAILED if there was not enough
221  *                      memory to allocate context data.
222  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED
223  *                      if the call to \p f_entropy failed.
224  */
225 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_seed( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
226                     const mbedtls_md_info_t * md_info,
227                     int (*f_entropy)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
228                     void *p_entropy,
229                     const unsigned char *custom,
230                     size_t len );
231 
232 /**
233  * \brief               Initilisation of simpified HMAC_DRBG (never reseeds).
234  *
235  * This function is meant for use in algorithms that need a pseudorandom
236  * input such as deterministic ECDSA.
237  */
238 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
239 /**
240  * \note                When Mbed TLS is built with threading support,
241  *                      after this function returns successfully,
242  *                      it is safe to call mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random()
243  *                      from multiple threads. Other operations, including
244  *                      reseeding, are not thread-safe.
245  */
246 #endif /* MBEDTLS_THREADING_C */
247 /**
248  * \param ctx           HMAC_DRBG context to be initialised.
249  * \param md_info       MD algorithm to use for HMAC_DRBG.
250  * \param data          Concatenation of the initial entropy string and
251  *                      the additional data.
252  * \param data_len      Length of \p data in bytes.
253  *
254  * \return              \c 0 if successful. or
255  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if \p md_info is
256  *                      invalid.
257  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_ALLOC_FAILED if there was not enough
258  *                      memory to allocate context data.
259  */
260 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_seed_buf( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
261                         const mbedtls_md_info_t * md_info,
262                         const unsigned char *data, size_t data_len );
263 
264 /**
265  * \brief               This function turns prediction resistance on or off.
266  *                      The default value is off.
267  *
268  * \note                If enabled, entropy is gathered at the beginning of
269  *                      every call to mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random_with_add()
270  *                      or mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random().
271  *                      Only use this if your entropy source has sufficient
272  *                      throughput.
273  *
274  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
275  * \param resistance    #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_PR_ON or #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_PR_OFF.
276  */
277 void mbedtls_hmac_drbg_set_prediction_resistance( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
278                                           int resistance );
279 
280 /**
281  * \brief               This function sets the amount of entropy grabbed on each
282  *                      seed or reseed.
283  *
284  * See the documentation of mbedtls_hmac_drbg_seed() for the default value.
285  *
286  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
287  * \param len           The amount of entropy to grab, in bytes.
288  */
289 void mbedtls_hmac_drbg_set_entropy_len( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
290                                 size_t len );
291 
292 /**
293  * \brief               Set the reseed interval.
294  *
295  * The reseed interval is the number of calls to mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random()
296  * or mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random_with_add() after which the entropy function
297  * is called again.
298  *
299  * The default value is #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_RESEED_INTERVAL.
300  *
301  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
302  * \param interval      The reseed interval.
303  */
304 void mbedtls_hmac_drbg_set_reseed_interval( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
305                                     int interval );
306 
307 /**
308  * \brief               This function updates the state of the HMAC_DRBG context.
309  *
310  * \note                This function is not thread-safe. It is not safe
311  *                      to call this function if another thread might be
312  *                      concurrently obtaining random numbers from the same
313  *                      context or updating or reseeding the same context.
314  *
315  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
316  * \param additional    The data to update the state with.
317  *                      If this is \c NULL, there is no additional data.
318  * \param add_len       Length of \p additional in bytes.
319  *                      Unused if \p additional is \c NULL.
320  *
321  * \return              \c 0 on success, or an error from the underlying
322  *                      hash calculation.
323  */
324 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_update_ret( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
325                        const unsigned char *additional, size_t add_len );
326 
327 /**
328  * \brief               This function reseeds the HMAC_DRBG context, that is
329  *                      extracts data from the entropy source.
330  *
331  * \note                This function is not thread-safe. It is not safe
332  *                      to call this function if another thread might be
333  *                      concurrently obtaining random numbers from the same
334  *                      context or updating or reseeding the same context.
335  *
336  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
337  * \param additional    Additional data to add to the state.
338  *                      If this is \c NULL, there is no additional data
339  *                      and \p len should be \c 0.
340  * \param len           The length of the additional data.
341  *                      This must be at most #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_INPUT
342  *                      and also at most
343  *                      #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT - \p entropy_len
344  *                      where \p entropy_len is the entropy length
345  *                      (see mbedtls_hmac_drbg_set_entropy_len()).
346  *
347  * \return              \c 0 if successful.
348  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED
349  *                      if a call to the entropy function failed.
350  */
351 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_reseed( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
352                       const unsigned char *additional, size_t len );
353 
354 /**
355  * \brief   This function updates an HMAC_DRBG instance with additional
356  *          data and uses it to generate random data.
357  *
358  * This function automatically reseeds if the reseed counter is exceeded
359  * or prediction resistance is enabled.
360  *
361  * \note                This function is not thread-safe. It is not safe
362  *                      to call this function if another thread might be
363  *                      concurrently obtaining random numbers from the same
364  *                      context or updating or reseeding the same context.
365  *
366  * \param p_rng         The HMAC_DRBG context. This must be a pointer to a
367  *                      #mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context structure.
368  * \param output        The buffer to fill.
369  * \param output_len    The length of the buffer in bytes.
370  *                      This must be at most #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_REQUEST.
371  * \param additional    Additional data to update with.
372  *                      If this is \c NULL, there is no additional data
373  *                      and \p add_len should be \c 0.
374  * \param add_len       The length of the additional data.
375  *                      This must be at most #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_INPUT.
376  *
377  * \return              \c 0 if successful.
378  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED
379  *                      if a call to the entropy source failed.
380  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_REQUEST_TOO_BIG if
381  *                      \p output_len > #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_REQUEST.
382  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_INPUT_TOO_BIG if
383  *                      \p add_len > #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_INPUT.
384  */
385 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random_with_add( void *p_rng,
386                                unsigned char *output, size_t output_len,
387                                const unsigned char *additional,
388                                size_t add_len );
389 
390 /**
391  * \brief   This function uses HMAC_DRBG to generate random data.
392  *
393  * This function automatically reseeds if the reseed counter is exceeded
394  * or prediction resistance is enabled.
395  */
396 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
397 /**
398  * \note                When Mbed TLS is built with threading support,
399  *                      it is safe to call mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random()
400  *                      from multiple threads. Other operations, including
401  *                      reseeding, are not thread-safe.
402  */
403 #endif /* MBEDTLS_THREADING_C */
404 /**
405  * \param p_rng         The HMAC_DRBG context. This must be a pointer to a
406  *                      #mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context structure.
407  * \param output        The buffer to fill.
408  * \param out_len       The length of the buffer in bytes.
409  *                      This must be at most #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_REQUEST.
410  *
411  * \return              \c 0 if successful.
412  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED
413  *                      if a call to the entropy source failed.
414  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_REQUEST_TOO_BIG if
415  *                      \p out_len > #MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_REQUEST.
416  */
417 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_random( void *p_rng, unsigned char *output, size_t out_len );
418 
419 /**
420  * \brief               This function resets HMAC_DRBG context to the state immediately
421  *                      after initial call of mbedtls_hmac_drbg_init().
422  *
423  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context to free.
424  */
425 void mbedtls_hmac_drbg_free( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx );
426 
427 #if ! defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
428 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_WARNING)
429 #define MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED    __attribute__((deprecated))
430 #else
431 #define MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
432 #endif
433 /**
434  * \brief               This function updates the state of the HMAC_DRBG context.
435  *
436  * \deprecated          Superseded by mbedtls_hmac_drbg_update_ret()
437  *                      in 2.16.0.
438  *
439  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
440  * \param additional    The data to update the state with.
441  *                      If this is \c NULL, there is no additional data.
442  * \param add_len       Length of \p additional in bytes.
443  *                      Unused if \p additional is \c NULL.
444  */
445 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_hmac_drbg_update(
446     mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx,
447     const unsigned char *additional, size_t add_len );
448 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
449 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
450 
451 #if defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO)
452 /**
453  * \brief               This function writes a seed file.
454  *
455  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
456  * \param path          The name of the file.
457  *
458  * \return              \c 0 on success.
459  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR on file error.
460  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on reseed
461  *                      failure.
462  */
463 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_write_seed_file( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx, const char *path );
464 
465 /**
466  * \brief               This function reads and updates a seed file. The seed
467  *                      is added to this instance.
468  *
469  * \param ctx           The HMAC_DRBG context.
470  * \param path          The name of the file.
471  *
472  * \return              \c 0 on success.
473  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR on file error.
474  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on
475  *                      reseed failure.
476  * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_INPUT_TOO_BIG if the existing
477  *                      seed file is too large.
478  */
479 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_update_seed_file( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx, const char *path );
480 #endif /* MBEDTLS_FS_IO */
481 
482 
483 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
484 /**
485  * \brief               The HMAC_DRBG Checkup routine.
486  *
487  * \return              \c 0 if successful.
488  * \return              \c 1 if the test failed.
489  */
490 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_self_test( int verbose );
491 #endif
492 
493 #ifdef __cplusplus
494 }
495 #endif
496 
497 #endif /* hmac_drbg.h */
498