1.\" $NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.140 2020/05/12 10:20:16 leot Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)hier.7 8.5 (Berkeley) 6/1/94 31.\" 32.Dd May 12, 2020 33.Dt HIER 7 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm hier 37.Nd layout of file systems 38.Sh DESCRIPTION 39An outline of the file system hierarchy. 40.Pp 41Naming is very important. 42The 43.Ux 44System relies on filename conventions for much of its power as a system. 45The following file system layout describes generally where things are 46and what they are, with references to other man pages for more detailed 47documentation. 48.Pp 49Not all files will be in every system. 50.Bl -tag -width "/altroot/" 51.It Pa \&/ 52Root directory of the system. 53.It Pa /COPYRIGHT 54System copyright notice, most often put on CD-ROM distributions. 55.It Pa "/[a-z]/" 56User file systems. 57.It Pa /altroot/ 58Alternate root file system, in case of disaster. 59.\" .It Pa /amd/ 60.\" Home directories mount point; see 61.\" .Xr amd 8 . 62.It Pa /bin/ 63Utilities used in both single and multi-user environments. 64.It Pa /boot* 65Second-stage boot loader(s) for some platforms; see 66.Xr installboot 8 . 67.It Pa /cdrom/ 68Empty directory commonly used by 69system administrators as a temporary mount point for ISO-9660 file 70systems on CD (or DVD) media. 71.It Pa /dev/ 72Block, character, and other special device files. 73.Pp 74.Bl -tag -width "MAKEDEV" -compact 75.It Pa MAKEDEV 76Script for creating device files; 77see 78.Xr makedev 8 . 79.It Pa console 80The computer's console device. 81.It Pa drum 82The computer's swap space device; see 83.Xr drum 4 . 84.It Pa fd/ 85File descriptor files; 86see 87.Xr fd 4 . 88.It Pa klog 89Kernel logging device; see 90.Xr syslog 3 . 91.It Pa kmem 92Kernel virtual memory device; see 93.Xr mem 4 . 94.It Pa log 95.Ux 96domain datagram log socket; see 97.Xr syslogd 8 . 98.It Pa mem 99Kernel physical memory device; see 100.Xr mem 4 . 101.It Pa null 102The null device; see 103.Xr null 4 . 104.It Pa pts/ 105Mount point for the pseudo-terminal device file system; see 106.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 107.It Pa stderr 108.It Pa stdin 109.It Pa stdout 110File descriptor files; 111see 112.Xr fd 4 . 113.It Pa tty 114Device pointing to each process's own controlling terminal; see 115.Xr tty 4 . 116.It Pa zero 117The zero device; see 118.Xr zero 4 . 119.El 120.\" .It Pa /dump/ 121.\" Online 122.\" .Xr dump 8 123.\" repository. 124.It Pa /etc/ 125System configuration files and scripts. 126.Pp 127.Bl -tag -width "master.passwd" -compact 128.It Pa amd* 129Configuration files for 130.Xr amd 8 . 131.It Pa changelist 132Files backed up by the 133.Pa security 134script. 135.It Pa crontab 136Schedule used by the 137.Xr cron 8 138daemon. 139.It Pa csh.cshrc 140.It Pa csh.login 141.It Pa csh.logout 142System-wide scripts for 143.Xr csh 1 . 144.It Pa daily 145Script run each day by 146.Xr cron 8 . 147.It Pa daily.conf 148Configuration file for 149.Pa daily ; 150see 151.Xr daily.conf 5 . 152.It Pa defaults/ 153Default configuration files read by various 154.Pa /etc/*.conf 155files. 156.It Pa disktab 157Disk description file; see 158.Xr disktab 5 . 159.It Pa dm.conf 160Dungeon master configuration; see 161.Xr dm.conf 5 . 162.It Pa dumpdates 163Dump history; see 164.Xr dump 8 . 165.It Pa exports 166File system export information; see 167.Xr mountd 8 . 168.It Pa fstab 169File system mounting table; see 170.Xr fstab 5 171and 172.Xr mount 8 . 173.It Pa ftpusers 174Users denied 175.Xr ftp 1 176access; see 177.Xr ftpd 8 . 178.It Pa ftpwelcome 179.Xr ftp 1 180initial message; see 181.Xr ftpd 8 . 182.It Pa gettytab 183Terminal configuration database; see 184.Xr gettytab 5 . 185.It Pa group 186Group permissions file; see 187.Xr group 5 . 188.It Pa hosts 189Host name database backup for 190.Xr named 8 ; 191see 192.Xr hosts 5 . 193.It Pa hosts.equiv 194Trusted machines with equivalent user IDs. 195(Obsolete.) 196.It Pa hosts.lpd 197Trusted machines with printing privileges. 198.It Pa inetd.conf 199Internet server configuration file; see 200.Xr inetd 8 . 201.It Pa kerberosV/ 202Configuration files for Kerberos version V; 203see 204.Xr kerberos 8 . 205.It Pa localtime 206Local time zone; 207see 208.Xr ctime 3 . 209.It Pa login.conf 210Configuration of user classes and limits; see 211.Xr login.conf 5 . 212.It Pa mail/ 213Configuration files for 214.Xr sendmail 1 . 215.Pp 216.Bl -tag -width "sendmail.*" -compact 217.It Pa aliases* 218Username alias files. 219.It Pa sendmail.* 220.Xr sendmail 1 221configuration information. 222.El 223.It Pa mail.rc 224System-wide initialization script for 225.Xr mail 1 . 226.It Pa man.conf 227Configuration file for 228.Xr man 1 ; 229see 230.Xr man.conf 5 . 231.It Pa master.passwd 232Main password file, readable only by root; see 233.Xr passwd 5 . 234.It Pa mk.conf 235Optional file containing 236.Xr make 1 237variables, used to configure pkgsrc and the system sources. 238.It Pa monthly 239Script run each month by 240.Xr cron 8 . 241.It Pa monthly.conf 242Configuration file for 243.Pa monthly ; 244see 245.Xr monthly.conf 5 . 246.It Pa motd 247System message of the day. 248.It Pa mtree/ 249.Xr mtree 8 250configuration files. 251.It Pa named.* 252.It Pa namedb/ 253.Xr named 8 254configuration files and databases. 255.It Pa netgroup 256Network groups; see 257.Xr netgroup 5 . 258.It Pa networks 259Network name database; see 260.Xr networks 5 . 261.It Pa passwd 262World readable password file generated from master.passwd; see 263.Xr passwd 5 , 264.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 265.It Pa phones 266Remote host telephone number data base; see 267.Xr phones 5 . 268.It Pa printcap 269Printer configuration for 270.Xr lpr 1 ; 271see 272.Xr printcap 5 . 273.It Pa profile 274System-wide scripts for 275.Xr sh 1 . 276.It Pa protocols 277Protocol name database; see 278.Xr protocols 5 . 279.It Pa pwd.db 280Database form of passwd file; see 281.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 282.It Pa rc 283Master system startup script invoked by 284.Xr init 8 ; 285see 286.Xr rc 8 . 287.It Pa rc.conf 288Configuration file for system startup and shutdown scripts; see 289.Xr rc.conf 5 . 290.It Pa rc.d/ 291Directory containing per-subsystem startup and shutdown scripts; see 292.Xr rc 8 . 293.It Pa rc.local 294Locally editable system startup script. 295.It Pa rc.shutdown 296Master system shutdown script invoked by 297.Xr shutdown 8 ; 298see 299.Xr rc 8 . 300.It Pa remote 301Remote host description file; see 302.Xr remote 5 . 303.It Pa security 304Daily (in)security script run by 305.Xr cron 8 . 306.It Pa security.conf 307Configuration file for 308.Pa security ; 309see 310.Xr security.conf 5 . 311.It Pa services 312Service name data base; see 313.Xr services 5 . 314.It Pa shells 315List of permitted shells; see 316.Xr shells 5 . 317.It Pa skel/ 318Sample initialization files for new user accounts. 319.It Pa sliphome/ 320SLIP login/logout scripts; see 321.Xr sliplogin 8 . 322.It Pa spwd.db 323Database form of master.passwd file; see 324.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 325.It Pa syslog.conf 326.Xr syslogd 8 327Configuration file; see 328.Xr syslog.conf 5 . 329.It Pa ttyaction 330Login hooks for specific ttys, typically used to chown console 331devices. 332See 333.Xr ttyaction 5 . 334.It Pa ttys 335Terminal initialization information; see 336.Xr ttys 5 . 337.It Pa weekly 338Script run each week by 339.Xr cron 8 . 340.It Pa weekly.conf 341Configuration file for 342.Pa weekly ; 343see 344.Xr weekly.conf 5 . 345.El 346.It Pa /home/ 347Default location for user home directories. 348.It Pa /kern/ 349Mount point for the kern file system; see 350.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 351.It Pa /lib/ 352Dynamic linked libraries used by dynamically linked programs 353that cannot rely upon 354.Pa /usr/lib/ 355being available, such as those in 356.Pa /bin/ 357and 358.Pa /sbin/ . 359.It Pa /libdata/ 360Non-executable files 361.Pq such as device firmware 362required at boot time, when 363.Pa /usr/libdata 364may not be available. 365.It Pa /libexec/ 366System utilities (such as the dynamic linker) required by programs 367and libraries that cannot rely upon 368.Pa /usr/libexec/ 369being available. 370.It Pa /mnt/ 371Empty directory commonly used by 372system administrators as a temporary mount point. 373.It Pa /net/ 374automounted NFS shares; 375see 376.Xr auto_master 5 377.It Pa /netbsd 378Kernel executable image (the operating system loaded into memory 379at boot time). 380.It Pa /proc/ 381Mount point for the process file system; see 382.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 383.It Pa /rescue/ 384Statically linked rescue tools, for use in system recovery. 385.It Pa /root/ 386Home directory for the super-user. 387.Pp 388.Bl -tag -width ".profile" -compact 389.It Pa \&.cshrc 390Super-user start-up file for 391.Xr csh 1 . 392.It Pa \&.login 393super-user start-up file for 394.Xr csh 1 . 395.It Pa \&.profile 396super-user start-up file for 397.Xr sh 1 . 398.It Pa \&.rhosts 399Super-user id mapping between machines. 400(Obsolete.) 401.El 402.It Pa /sbin/ 403System programs and administration utilities 404used in both single-user and multi-user environments. 405.It Pa /stand/ 406Programs used in a standalone environment, that is, things that run on 407bare hardware without a kernel. 408Currently kernel modules are also placed here, although this remains 409somewhat controversial and they may yet get moved. 410.It Pa /tmp/ 411Temporary files. 412The contents of 413.Pa /tmp 414are usually 415.Em not 416preserved across a system reboot. 417.It Pa /usr/ 418Contains the majority of the system utilities and files. 419.Pp 420.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact 421.It Pa X11R7/ 422X11 files (for X11 revision 7). 423.Pp 424.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 425.It Pa bin/ 426X11 binaries. 427.It Pa include/ 428X11 include files. 429.It Pa lib/ 430X11 libraries. 431.El 432.Pp 433.It Pa bin/ 434Common utilities, programming tools, and applications. 435.It Pa games/ 436The important stuff. 437.It Pa include/ 438Standard C (and extension) include files. 439.Pp 440.Bl -tag -width "protocols/" -compact 441.It Pa arpa/ 442Include files for Internet service protocols. 443.It Pa atf/ 444Include files for the Automated Testing Framework; see 445.Xr atf 7 . 446.It Pa g++/ 447Include files for the GNU C++ compiler. 448.It Pa machine/ 449Machine specific include files. 450.It Pa net/ 451Miscellaneous network include files. 452.It Pa netatalk/ 453C include files for AppleTalk protocols 454see 455.Xr atalk 4 . 456.It Pa netinet/ 457Include files for Internet standard protocols; see 458.Xr inet 4 . 459.It Pa netinet6/ 460Include files for Internet protocol version 6; see 461.Xr inet6 4 . 462.It Pa netipsec/ 463Include files for secret key management, used for security protocols; see 464.Xr ipsec 4 . 465.It Pa nfs/ 466C include files for NFS (Network File System). 467.It Pa protocols/ 468C include files for Berkeley service protocols. 469.It Pa sys/ 470``System-level'' C include files. 471.It Pa ufs/ 472C include files for several mutually related file systems. 473(The `u' was originally for 474.Ux . ) 475.El 476.Pp 477.It Pa lib/ 478Archive, profiled, position independent archive, and shared libraries. 479.Pp 480.Bl -tag -width "lua/" -compact 481.It Pa lua/ 482.Bl -tag -width "5.3/" -compact 483.It Pa 5.3/ 484Lua 5.3 modules. 485.El 486.El 487.Pp 488.It Pa libdata/ 489Miscellaneous utility data files. 490.It Pa libexec/ 491System daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs). 492.Pp 493.It Pa mdec/ 494Boot blocks, etc. 495.It Pa obj/ 496Architecture-specific target tree produced by building the 497.Pa /usr/src 498tree; often a symbolic link or mounted file system. 499.It Pa pkg/ 500Installed third-party software packages. 501.Pp 502.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 503.It Pa bin/ 504Package binaries. 505.It Pa etc/ 506Package configuration files. 507.It Pa include/ 508Package include files. 509.It Pa lib/ 510Package libraries. 511.It Pa libdata/ 512Package data files. 513.It Pa libexec/ 514Package daemons. 515.It Pa sbin/ 516Package system utilities. 517.El 518.Pp 519.It Pa pkgsrc/ 520Build descriptions (packaging) for the 521.Nx 522package system. 523.Pp 524.Bl -tag -width "distfilesX" -compact 525.It Pa distfiles/ 526Downloaded upstream source archives. 527.It Pa packages/ 528Compiled binary packages. 529.El 530.Pp 531There are also several other subdirectories which contain packages of 532a certain category, e.g., archivers, graphics, ... 533.Pp 534.It Pa sbin/ 535System daemons and system utilities (normally executed by the super-user). 536.It Pa share/ 537Architecture-independent files, mostly text. 538.Pp 539.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact 540.It Pa calendar/ 541A variety of calendar files; see 542.Xr calendar 1 . 543.It Pa dict/ 544Word lists; 545see 546.Xr look 1 547and 548.Xr spell 1 . 549.Pp 550.Bl -tag -width "special/" -compact 551.It Pa words 552Common words. 553.It Pa web2 554Words from Webster's Second International Dictionary. 555.It Pa papers/ 556Reference databases; 557see 558.Xr refer 1 . 559.It Pa special/ 560Custom word lists; 561see 562.Xr spell 1 . 563.El 564.Pp 565.It Pa doc/ 566Miscellaneous documentation. 567.It Pa games/ 568Data files used by various games. 569.It Pa i18n/ 570internationalization databases; see 571.Xr iconv 3 . 572.It Pa locale/ 573Locale databases and gettext message catalogs; see 574.Xr setlocale 3 575and 576.Xr gettext 3 . 577.It Pa man/ 578Manual pages. 579.It Pa me/ 580Macros for use with the 581.Xr me 7 582roff macro package. 583.It Pa misc/ 584Miscellaneous system-wide text files. 585.Pp 586.Bl -tag -width "terminfo.cdb" -compact 587.It Pa terminfo 588Terminal characteristics database; 589see 590.Xr terminfo 5 . 591.It Pa terminfo.cdb 592database form of terminfo file; see 593.Xr tic 1 . 594.El 595.Pp 596.It Pa mk/ 597Include files for 598.Xr make 1 . 599.It Pa ms/ 600Macros for use with the 601.Xr ms 7 602roff macro package. 603.It Pa nls/ 604Message catalogs; see 605.Xr catgets 3 . 606.It Pa tmac/ 607Text processing macros; 608see 609.Xr nroff 1 610and 611.Xr troff 1 . 612.It Pa zoneinfo/ 613Time zone database; 614see 615.Xr tzfile 5 . 616.El 617.It Pa tests/ 618Test programs; see 619.Xr tests 7 620for information on how to run them. 621.El 622.It Pa /usr/src/ 623.Nx 624and local source files. 625.Pp 626.Bl -tag -width "domestic/" -compact 627.It Pa bin/ 628Source for utilities/files in 629.Pa /bin . 630.It Pa common/ 631Sources shared between kernel and userland. 632.It Pa crypto/ 633Cryptographic source, which may have import or export restrictions. 634.It Pa dist/ 635Third-party 636.Sq virgin 637source code, referenced by other parts of the source tree. 638(Deprecated; use 639.Pa external/ 640instead.) 641.It Pa distrib/ 642Tools and data files for making 643.Nx 644releases and distributions. 645.It Pa doc/ 646Documentation about the source tree (i.e., about the tree, not about 647how to use the software in the tree.) 648.It Pa etc/ 649Source (usually example files) for files in 650.Pa /etc . 651.It Pa external/ 652Source for programs from external third parties 653(where 654.Nx 655is the not the primary maintainer), 656grouped by license, and then products per license. 657.Pp 658.Bl -tag -width "intel-fw-public/" -compact 659.It Pa apache2/ 660Apache 2.0 license. 661.It Pa bsd/ 662BSD (or equivalent) licensed software, 663possibly with the 664.Dq advertising clause . 665.It Pa broadcom/ 666Broadcom firmware license. 667.It Pa cddl/ 668Common Development and Distribution License (the Sun license which is 669based on the Mozilla Public License version 1.1). 670.It Pa gpl2/ 671GNU Public License, version 2 (or earlier). 672.It Pa gpl3/ 673GNU Public License, version 3. 674.It Pa historical/ 675Lucent's old license. 676.It Pa ibm-public/ 677IBM's public license. 678.It Pa intel-fw-eula/ 679Intel firmware license with redistribution restricted to OEM. 680.It Pa intel-fw-public/ 681Intel firmware license permitting redistribution with 682terms similar to BSD licensed software. 683.It Pa intel-public/ 684Intel license permitting redistribution with terms similar to 685BSD licensed software. 686.It Pa lgpl3/ 687GNU lesser general public license, version 3. 688.It Pa mit/ 689MIT (X11) style license. 690.It Pa mpl/ 691Mozilla Public License. 692.It Pa zlib/ 693BSD-like zlib license. 694.El 695.Pp 696.It Pa games/ 697Source for utilities/files in 698.Pa /usr/games . 699.It Pa include/ 700Source for files in 701.Pa /usr/include . 702.It Pa lib/ 703Source for libraries in 704.Pa /usr/lib . 705.It Pa libexec/ 706Source for utilities/files in 707.Pa /usr/libexec . 708.It Pa regress/ 709Various legacy regression tests. 710.It Pa rescue/ 711Source/makefiles for 712.Pa /rescue . 713.It Pa sbin/ 714Source for utilities/files in 715.Pa /sbin . 716.It Pa share/ 717Source for files in 718.Pa /usr/share . 719.Pp 720.Bl -tag -width "doc/" -compact 721.It Pa doc/ 722.Pp 723.Bl -tag -width "papers/" -compact 724.It Pa papers/ 725Source for various historical technical papers (many from Berkeley). 726.It Pa psd/ 727Source for Programmer's Supplementary Documents. 728.It Pa smm/ 729Source for System Manager's Manual. 730.It Pa usd/ 731Source for User's Supplementary Documents. 732.El 733.El 734.It Pa sys/ 735Kernel source files. 736.Pp 737.Bl -tag -width "gdbscripts/" -compact 738.It Pa arch/ 739Architecture-specific support. 740.Pp 741.Bl -tag -width "playstation2/" -compact 742.It Pa acorn32/ 743Acorn RiscPC/A7000 and VLSI RC7500. 744.It Pa algor/ 745Algorithmics Ltd. MIPS evaluations boards. 746.It Pa alpha/ 747Digital/Compaq Alpha. 748.It Pa amd64/ 749Computers with x86_64 capable CPUs. 750.It Pa amiga/ 751Commodore Amiga and MacroSystem DraCo. 752.It Pa amigappc/ 753PowerPC based Amiga boards. 754.It Pa arc/ 755MIPS-based machines following the Advanced RISC Computing spec. 756.It Pa arm/ 757ARM processor general support. 758.It Pa atari/ 759Atari TT030, Falcon and Hades. 760.It Pa bebox/ 761Be Inc. BeBox. 762.It Pa cats/ 763Chalice Technology's CATS and Intel's EBSA-285 evaluation boards. 764.It Pa cesfic/ 765CES FIC8234 VME processor board. 766.It Pa cobalt/ 767Cobalt Networks' MIPS-based Microserver. 768.It Pa dreamcast/ 769Sega Dreamcast game console. 770.It Pa emips/ 771Machines based on Extensible MIPS. 772.It Pa evbarm/ 773ARM based evaluation boards. 774.It Pa evbmips/ 775MIPS based evaluation boards. 776.It Pa evbppc/ 777PowerPC based evaluation boards and appliances. 778.It Pa evbsh3/ 779SH3/SH4 based evaluation boards. 780.It Pa ews4800mips/ 781NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 782.It Pa hp300/ 783Hewlett-Packard 9000/300 and 400 680x0-based workstations. 784.It Pa hppa/ 785Hewlett-Packard 9000/700 and 9000/800 HPPA based workstations. 786.It Pa hpcarm/ 787StrongARM based WinCE PDA machines. 788.It Pa hpcmips/ 789MIPS based WinCE PDA machines. 790.It Pa hpcsh/ 791Hitachi SH3/4 based WinCE PDA machines. 792.It Pa hppa/ 793HPPA processor general support. 794.It Pa i386/ 79532-bit 80x86-based IBM PCs and clones. 796.It Pa ibmnws/ 797IBM Network Station 1000. 798.It Pa iyonix/ 799Castle Technology's Iyonix ARM based PCs. 800.It Pa luna68k/ 801Omron Tateishi Electric's 680x0-based LUNA workstations. 802.It Pa m68k/ 803680x0 processor general support. 804.It Pa mac68k/ 805Apple Macintosh with 68k CPU. 806.It Pa macppc/ 807Apple Power Macintosh and clones. 808.It Pa mips/ 809MIPS processor general support. 810.It Pa mipsco/ 811MIPS Computer Systems Inc. family of workstations and servers. 812.It Pa mmeye/ 813Brains Inc. SH3 based mmEye multimedia server. 814.It Pa mvme68k/ 815Motorola MVME 680x0-based SBCs. 816.It Pa mvmeppc/ 817Motorola PowerPC VME SBCs. 818.It Pa netwinder/ 819StrongARM based NetWinder machines. 820.It Pa news68k/ 821Sony's 680x0-based NEWS workstations. 822.It Pa newsmips/ 823Sony's MIPS-based NEWS workstations. 824.It Pa next68k/ 825NeXT 68k "black" hardware. 826.It Pa ofppc/ 827Open Firmware PowerPC workstations. 828.It Pa playstation2/ 829SONY PlayStation 2. 830.It Pa pmax/ 831Digital MIPS-based DECstations and DECsystems. 832.It Pa powerpc/ 833PowerPC processor general support. 834.It Pa prep/ 835PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform) and CHRP (Common Hardware Reference 836Platform) machines. 837.It Pa sandpoint/ 838Motorola Sandpoint reference platform. 839.It Pa sbmips/ 840Broadcom/SiByte evaluation boards. 841.It Pa sgimips/ 842Silicon Graphics' MIPS-based workstations. 843.It Pa sh3/ 844SH3/SH4 processor general support. 845.It Pa shark/ 846Digital DNARD ("Shark"). 847.It Pa sparc/ 848Sun Microsystems SPARC (32-bit) and UltraSPARC (in 32-bit mode). 849.It Pa sparc64/ 850Sun Microsystems UltraSPARC (in native 64-bit mode). 851.It Pa sun2/ 852Sun Microsystems 68010-based Sun 2 architecture. 853.It Pa sun3/ 854Sun Microsystems 68020/68030-based Sun 3/3x architecture. 855.It Pa sun68k/ 856680x0-based Sun architecture general support. 857.It Pa vax/ 858Digital VAX. 859.It Pa x68k/ 860Sharp X680x0 680x0-based workstations. 861.It Pa x86/ 862General support for PC/AT compatibles with ia32 or x86_64 CPUs. 863.It Pa xen/ 864The Xen virtual machine monitor. 865.It Pa zaurus/ 866Sharp C3x00 Arm based PDA. 867.El 868.Pp 869.It Pa compat/ 870Kernel compatibility modules directory. 871.Pp 872.Bl -tag -width "ossaudio/" -compact 873.It Pa common/ 874Common compatibility routines, old 875.Bx 4 876and 877.Nx 878routines. 879.It Pa freebsd/ 880Support for 881.Fx 882binaries; see 883.Xr compat_freebsd 8 . 884.It Pa hpux/ 885Support for 68000 HP-UX binaries. 886.It Pa linux/ 887Support for Linux binaries; see 888.Xr compat_linux 8 . 889.It Pa m68k4k/ 890Support for 4KB page 68000 binaries. 891.It Pa netbsd32/ 892Support for 893.Nx 89432-bit binaries on 64 bit platforms with compatible CPU families. 895.It Pa ossaudio/ 896Support for OSS audio. 897.It Pa sunos/ 898Support for SunOS 4.x binaries; see 899.Xr compat_sunos 8 . 900.It Pa ultrix/ 901Support for ULTRIX binaries. 902.It Pa vax1k/ 903Support for older VAX binaries that started on a 1 KB boundary. 904.El 905.Pp 906.It Pa conf/ 907Architecture independent configuration directory. 908.It Pa crypto/ 909Cryptographic kernel source, which may have import or export restrictions. 910.It Pa ddb/ 911In-kernel debugger. 912.It Pa dev/ 913Architecture independent device support. 914.It Pa fs/ 915File systems. 916See also 917.Pa ufs/ 918and 919.Pa miscfs/ . 920.Bl -tag -width "filecorefs/" -compact 921.It Pa adosfs/ 922AmigaDOS file-system support; see 923.Xr mount_ados 8 . 924.It Pa cd9660/ 925Support for the ISO-9660 file system; see 926.Xr mount_cd9660 8 . 927.It Pa filecorefs/ 928Support for the Acorn RISC OS filecore file system; see 929.Xr mount_filecore 8 . 930.It Pa msdosfs/ 931MS-DOS file system; see 932.Xr mount_msdos 8 . 933.It Pa ntfs/ 934NTFS file system support; see 935.Xr mount_ntfs 8 . 936.It Pa ptyfs/ 937Pseudo-terminal device file system; see 938.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 939.It Pa union/ 940Union file system; see 941.Xr mount_union 8 . 942.El 943.It Pa gdbscripts/ 944Support for accessing kernel structures from within the debugger 945.Xr gdb 1 . 946.Pp 947.It Pa kern/ 948Primary kernel source code. 949.It Pa lib/ 950Libraries supporting the kernel. 951.Pp 952.Bl -tag -width "libkern/" -compact 953.It Pa libkern/ 954C library routines used in the kernel. 955.It Pa libsa/ 956Machine-independent standalone library, used by boot loaders. 957.It Pa libz/ 958Compression library. 959.El 960.Pp 961.It Pa miscfs/ 962More file systems. 963.Pp 964.Bl -tag -width "deadfs/" -compact 965.It Pa deadfs/ 966Kernel only dead file system. 967.It Pa fdesc/ 968File descriptor file system; see 969.Xr mount_fdesc 8 . 970.It Pa fifofs/ 971POSIX FIFO (named pipe) support. 972.It Pa genfs/ 973Generic file system code that supports other file systems. 974.It Pa kernfs/ 975Kernel namespace file system; see 976.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 977.It Pa nullfs/ 978Loop back file system; see 979.Xr mount_null 8 . 980.It Pa overlay/ 981Overlay file system; see 982.Xr mount_overlay 8 . 983.It Pa procfs/ 984Process file system; see 985.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 986.It Pa specfs/ 987Support for block and character special files. 988.It Pa syncfs/ 989Kernel trickle sync algorithm. 990.It Pa umapfs/ 991User and group re-mapping file system; see 992.Xr mount_umap 8 . 993.El 994.Pp 995.It Pa net/ 996Miscellaneous networking support. 997.It Pa netatalk/ 998AppleTalk networking support. 999.It Pa netinet/ 1000IP networking support. 1001.It Pa netinet6/ 1002IPv6 networking support. 1003.It Pa netipsec/ 1004Key database for IPsec networking support. 1005.It Pa nfs/ 1006NFS (network file system) support, both client and server. 1007.It Pa stand/ 1008Kernel standalone support. 1009.It Pa sys/ 1010Kernel (and system) include files. 1011.It Pa ufs/ 1012Still more file systems. 1013.Pp 1014.Bl -tag -width "ffs/" -compact 1015.It Pa chfs/ 1016A FFS-based file system for use on raw flash. 1017.It Pa ext2fs/ 1018The Linux ext2 file system. 1019.It Pa ffs/ 1020The Berkeley Fast File System. 1021.It Pa lfs/ 1022The Berkeley log-structured file system. 1023.It Pa mfs/ 1024The in-memory file system. 1025.It Pa ufs/ 1026Shared 1027.Ux 1028file system support. 1029.El 1030.It Pa uvm/ 1031UVM virtual memory system. 1032.El 1033.It Pa tests/ 1034Source for test programs in 1035.Pa /usr/tests . 1036.It Pa usr.bin/ 1037Source for utilities/files in 1038.Pa /usr/bin . 1039.It Pa usr.sbin/ 1040Source for utilities/files in 1041.Pa /usr/sbin . 1042.El 1043.It Pa /var/ 1044Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. 1045.Pp 1046.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact 1047.It Pa account/ 1048System accounting files. 1049.Pp 1050.Bl -tag -width "acct" -compact 1051.It Pa acct 1052Execution accounting file; 1053see 1054.Xr acct 5 . 1055.El 1056.Pp 1057.It Pa at/ 1058Timed command scheduling files; 1059see 1060.Xr at 1 . 1061.It Pa backups/ 1062Miscellaneous backup files, largely of files found in 1063.Pa /etc . 1064.It Pa chroot/ 1065Home directories of applications which are run in a 1066.Xr chroot 8 1067.Dq cage . 1068.It Pa crash/ 1069System (kernel) crash dumps; see 1070.Xr savecore 8 . 1071.It Pa cron/ 1072Scheduled commands configuration files; see 1073.Xr cron 8 1074and 1075.Xr crontab 5 . 1076.It Pa db/ 1077Miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files, 1078and persistent files used in the maintenance of third party software. 1079.Pp 1080.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1081.It Pa pkg 1082Default location for metadata related to third party software 1083packages. 1084See 1085.Xr pkg_add 1 1086for more details of the 1087.Nx 1088Packages Collection, or pkgsrc. 1089.El 1090.Pp 1091.It Pa games/ 1092Miscellaneous game status, log, and high score files. 1093.It Pa heimdal/ 1094Kerberos 5 KDC database; see 1095.Xr kdc 8 . 1096.It Pa log/ 1097Miscellaneous system log files. 1098.Pp 1099.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1100.It Pa amd.* 1101.Xr amd 8 1102logs. 1103.It Pa daily.out 1104Output of the last run of the 1105.Pa /etc/daily 1106script. 1107.It Pa ftp.* 1108.Xr ftp 1 1109logs. 1110.It Pa kerberos.* 1111.Xr kerberos 8 1112logs. 1113.It Pa lastlog 1114System last-time-logged-in database; see 1115.Xr utmp 5 . 1116.It Pa lpd-errs.* 1117Printer daemon error logs; see 1118.Xr lpd 8 . 1119.It Pa maillog.* 1120.Xr sendmail 1 1121and 1122.Xr postfix 1 1123(and other mail-related) 1124log files. 1125.It Pa messages.* 1126General system information log. 1127.It Pa monthly.out 1128Output of the last run of the 1129.Pa /etc/monthly 1130script. 1131.It Pa secure 1132Sensitive security information log. 1133.It Pa sendmail.st 1134.Xr sendmail 1 1135statistics. 1136.It Pa timed.* 1137.Xr timed 8 1138logs. 1139.It Pa weekly.out 1140Output of the last run of the 1141.Pa /etc/weekly 1142script. 1143.It Pa wtmp 1144Login and logout log; 1145see 1146.Xr utmp 5 . 1147.It Pa wtmpx 1148Another login and logout log; see 1149.Xr utmpx 5 . 1150.El 1151.Pp 1152.It Pa mail/ 1153User e-mail inboxes. 1154.It Pa msgs/ 1155System messages; see 1156.Xr msgs 1 . 1157.\" since we use nvi (now called vi) this isn't the place any more, is it? 1158.It Pa preserve/ 1159Temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death of 1160.Xr ex 1 1161or 1162.Xr vi 1 . 1163.It Pa quotas/ 1164File system quota information. 1165(Legacy.) 1166.It Pa run/ 1167System information files, rebuilt after each reboot. 1168.Pp 1169.Bl -tag -width "utmp" -compact 1170.It Pa dmesg.boot 1171A dump from 1172.Xr dmesg 8 1173taken at boot time. 1174.It Pa utmp 1175Database of currently logged in users; see 1176.Xr utmp 5 . 1177.It Pa utmpx 1178Another database of currently logged in users; see 1179.Xr utmpx 5 . 1180.El 1181.Pp 1182.It Pa rwho/ 1183Rwho data files; see 1184.Xr rwhod 8 , 1185.Xr rwho 1 , 1186and 1187.Xr ruptime 1 . 1188.It Pa spool/ 1189Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories. 1190.Pp 1191.Bl -tag -width "postfix/" -compact 1192.It Pa ftp/ 1193Commonly 1194.Dq ~ftp , 1195the anonymous ftp root directory; see 1196.Xr ftpd 8 . 1197.It Pa mqueue/ 1198Sendmail mail queue; 1199see 1200.Xr sendmail 1 . 1201.It Pa news/ 1202Network news archival and spooling directories. 1203.It Pa output/ 1204Printer spooling directories. 1205.It Pa postfix/ 1206Postfix mail queue; 1207see 1208.Xr postfix 1 . 1209.El 1210.Pp 1211.It Pa tmp/ 1212Temporary files that are not discarded between system reboots. 1213.Pp 1214.Bl -tag -width "vi.recover/" -compact 1215.It Pa vi.recover/ 1216Recovery directory for new (current) 1217.Xr vi 1 . 1218.El 1219.Pp 1220.It Pa yp/ 1221Databases and configuration for the NIS (YP) system; see 1222.Xr nis 8 . 1223.El 1224.El 1225.Sh SEE ALSO 1226.Xr apropos 1 , 1227.Xr ls 1 , 1228.Xr whatis 1 , 1229.Xr whereis 1 , 1230.Xr which 1 , 1231.Xr paths 3 1232.Sh HISTORY 1233A 1234.Nm 1235manual page appeared in 1236.At v7 . 1237