========================
 The Docutils Publisher
========================

:Author: David Goodger
:Contact: docutils-develop@lists.sourceforge.net
:Date: $Date: 2021-03-05 22:14:40 +0100 (Fr, 05. Mär 2021) $
:Revision: $Revision: 8631 $
:Copyright: This document has been placed in the public domain.

.. contents::


The ``docutils.core.Publisher`` class is the core of Docutils,
managing all the processing and relationships between components.  See
`PEP 258`_ for an overview of Docutils components.

The ``docutils.core.publish_*`` convenience functions are the normal
entry points for using Docutils as a library.

See `Inside A Docutils Command-Line Front-End Tool`_ for an overview
of a typical Docutils front-end tool, including how the Publisher
class is used.

.. _PEP 258: ../peps/pep-0258.html
.. _Inside A Docutils Command-Line Front-End Tool: ./cmdline-tool.html


Publisher Convenience Functions
===============================

Each of these functions set up a ``docutils.core.Publisher`` object,
then call its ``publish`` method.  ``docutils.core.Publisher.publish``
handles everything else.  There are several convenience functions in
the ``docutils.core`` module:

:_`publish_cmdline`: for command-line front-end tools, like
  ``rst2html.py``.  There are several examples in the ``tools/``
  directory.  A detailed analysis of one such tool is in `Inside A
  Docutils Command-Line Front-End Tool`_

:_`publish_file`: for programmatic use with file-like I/O.  In
  addition to writing the encoded output to a file, also returns the
  encoded output as a string.

:_`publish_string`: for programmatic use with string I/O.  Returns
  the encoded output as a string.

:_`publish_parts`: for programmatic use with string input; returns a
  dictionary of document parts.  Dictionary keys are the names of
  parts, and values are Unicode strings; encoding is up to the client.
  Useful when only portions of the processed document are desired.
  See `publish_parts Details`_ below.

  There are usage examples in the `docutils/examples.py`_ module.

:_`publish_doctree`: for programmatic use with string input; returns a
  Docutils document tree data structure (doctree).  The doctree can be
  modified, pickled & unpickled, etc., and then reprocessed with
  `publish_from_doctree`_.

:_`publish_from_doctree`: for programmatic use to render from an
  existing document tree data structure (doctree); returns the encoded
  output as a string.

:_`publish_programmatically`: for custom programmatic use.  This
  function implements common code and is used by ``publish_file``,
  ``publish_string``, and ``publish_parts``.  It returns a 2-tuple:
  the encoded string output and the Publisher object.

.. _Inside A Docutils Command-Line Front-End Tool: ./cmdline-tool.html
.. _docutils/examples.py: ../../docutils/examples.py


Configuration
-------------

To pass application-specific setting defaults to the Publisher
convenience functions, use the ``settings_overrides`` parameter.  Pass
a dictionary of setting names & values, like this::

    overrides = {'input_encoding': 'ascii',
                 'output_encoding': 'latin-1'}
    output = publish_string(..., settings_overrides=overrides)

Settings from command-line options override configuration file
settings, and they override application defaults.  For details, see
`Docutils Runtime Settings`_.  See `Docutils Configuration Files`_ for
details about individual settings.

.. _Docutils Runtime Settings: ./runtime-settings.html
.. _Docutils Configuration Files: ../user/tools.html


Encodings
---------

The default output encoding of Docutils is UTF-8.
Docutils may introduce some non-ASCII text if you use
`auto-symbol footnotes`_ or the `"contents" directive`_.

.. _auto-symbol footnotes:
   ../ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#auto-symbol-footnotes
.. _"contents" directive:
   ../ref/rst/directives.html#table-of-contents


``publish_parts`` Details
=========================

The ``docutils.core.publish_parts`` convenience function returns a
dictionary of document parts.  Dictionary keys are the names of parts,
and values are Unicode strings.

Each Writer component may publish a different set of document parts,
described below.  Not all writers implement all parts.


Parts Provided By All Writers
-----------------------------

_`encoding`
    The output encoding setting.

_`version`
    The version of Docutils used.

_`whole`
    ``parts['whole']`` contains the entire formatted document.


Parts Provided By the HTML Writers
----------------------------------

HTML4 Writer
````````````

_`body`
    ``parts['body']`` is equivalent to parts['fragment_'].  It is
    *not* equivalent to parts['html_body_'].

_`body_prefix`
    ``parts['body_prefix']`` contains::

        </head>
        <body>
        <div class="document" ...>

    and, if applicable::

        <div class="header">
        ...
        </div>

_`body_pre_docinfo`
    ``parts['body_pre_docinfo]`` contains (as applicable)::

        <h1 class="title">...</h1>
        <h2 class="subtitle" id="...">...</h2>

_`body_suffix`
    ``parts['body_suffix']`` contains::

        </div>

    (the end-tag for ``<div class="document">``), the footer division
    if applicable::

        <div class="footer">
        ...
        </div>

    and::

        </body>
        </html>

_`docinfo`
    ``parts['docinfo']`` contains the document bibliographic data, the
    docinfo field list rendered as a table.

_`footer`
    ``parts['footer']`` contains the document footer content, meant to
    appear at the bottom of a web page, or repeated at the bottom of
    every printed page.

_`fragment`
    ``parts['fragment']`` contains the document body (*not* the HTML
    ``<body>``).  In other words, it contains the entire document,
    less the document title, subtitle, docinfo, header, and footer.

_`head`
    ``parts['head']`` contains ``<meta ... />`` tags and the document
    ``<title>...</title>``.

_`head_prefix`
    ``parts['head_prefix']`` contains the XML declaration, the DOCTYPE
    declaration, the ``<html ...>`` start tag and the ``<head>`` start
    tag.

_`header`
    ``parts['header']`` contains the document header content, meant to
    appear at the top of a web page, or repeated at the top of every
    printed page.

_`html_body`
    ``parts['html_body']`` contains the HTML ``<body>`` content, less
    the ``<body>`` and ``</body>`` tags themselves.

_`html_head`
    ``parts['html_head']`` contains the HTML ``<head>`` content, less
    the stylesheet link and the ``<head>`` and ``</head>`` tags
    themselves.  Since ``publish_parts`` returns Unicode strings and
    does not know about the output encoding, the "Content-Type" meta
    tag's "charset" value is left unresolved, as "%s"::

        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=%s" />

    The interpolation should be done by client code.

_`html_prolog`
    ``parts['html_prolog]`` contains the XML declaration and the
    doctype declaration.  The XML declaration's "encoding" attribute's
    value is left unresolved, as "%s"::

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="%s" ?>

    The interpolation should be done by client code.

_`html_subtitle`
    ``parts['html_subtitle']`` contains the document subtitle,
    including the enclosing ``<h2 class="subtitle">`` & ``</h2>``
    tags.

_`html_title`
    ``parts['html_title']`` contains the document title, including the
    enclosing ``<h1 class="title">`` & ``</h1>`` tags.

_`meta`
    ``parts['meta']`` contains all ``<meta ... />`` tags.

_`stylesheet`
    ``parts['stylesheet']`` contains the embedded stylesheet or
    stylesheet link.

_`subtitle`
    ``parts['subtitle']`` contains the document subtitle text and any
    inline markup.  It does not include the enclosing ``<h2>`` &
    ``</h2>`` tags.

_`title`
    ``parts['title']`` contains the document title text and any inline
    markup.  It does not include the enclosing ``<h1>`` & ``</h1>``
    tags.


PEP/HTML Writer
```````````````

The PEP/HTML writer provides the same parts as the `HTML4 writer`_,
plus the following:

_`pepnum`
    ``parts['pepnum']`` contains


S5/HTML Writer
``````````````

The S5/HTML writer provides the same parts as the `HTML4 writer`_.


HTML5 Writer
````````````

The HTML5 writer provides the same parts as the `HTML4 writer`_.
However, it uses semantic HTML5 elements for the document, header and
footer.


Parts Provided by the LaTeX2e Writer
------------------------------------

See the template files for examples how these parts can be combined
into a valid LaTeX document.

abstract
    ``parts['abstract']`` contains the formatted content of the
    'abstract' docinfo field.

body
    ``parts['body']`` contains the document's content. In other words, it
    contains the entire document, except the document title, subtitle, and
    docinfo.

    This part can be included into another LaTeX document body using the
    ``\input{}`` command.

body_pre_docinfo
    ``parts['body_pre_docinfo]`` contains the ``\maketitle`` command.

dedication
    ``parts['dedication']`` contains the formatted content of the
    'dedication' docinfo field.

docinfo
    ``parts['docinfo']`` contains the document bibliographic data, the
    docinfo field list rendered as a table.

    With ``--use-latex-docinfo`` 'author', 'organization', 'contact',
    'address' and 'date' info is moved to titledata.

    'dedication' and 'abstract' are always moved to separate parts.

fallbacks
    ``parts['fallbacks']`` contains fallback definitions for
    Docutils-specific commands and environments.

head_prefix
    ``parts['head_prefix']`` contains the declaration of
    documentclass and document options.

latex_preamble
    ``parts['latex_preamble']`` contains the argument of the
    ``--latex-preamble`` option.

pdfsetup
     ``parts['pdfsetup']`` contains the PDF properties
     ("hyperref" package setup).

requirements
    ``parts['requirements']`` contains required packages and setup
    before the stylesheet inclusion.

stylesheet
    ``parts['stylesheet']`` contains the embedded stylesheet(s) or
    stylesheet loading command(s).

subtitle
    ``parts['subtitle']`` contains the document subtitle text and any
    inline markup.

title
    ``parts['title']`` contains the document title text and any inline
    markup.

titledata
    ``parts['titledata]`` contains the combined title data in
    ``\title``, ``\author``, and ``\data`` macros.

    With ``--use-latex-docinfo``, this includes the 'author',
    'organization', 'contact', 'address' and 'date' docinfo items.