1 //== BodyFarm.cpp  - Factory for conjuring up fake bodies ----------*- C++ -*-//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // BodyFarm is a factory for creating faux implementations for functions/methods
11 // for analysis purposes.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "BodyFarm.h"
16 #include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
17 #include "clang/AST/Decl.h"
18 #include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
19 #include "clang/AST/ExprObjC.h"
20 #include "clang/Analysis/CodeInjector.h"
21 #include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
22 
23 using namespace clang;
24 
25 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
26 // Helper creation functions for constructing faux ASTs.
27 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
28 
isDispatchBlock(QualType Ty)29 static bool isDispatchBlock(QualType Ty) {
30   // Is it a block pointer?
31   const BlockPointerType *BPT = Ty->getAs<BlockPointerType>();
32   if (!BPT)
33     return false;
34 
35   // Check if the block pointer type takes no arguments and
36   // returns void.
37   const FunctionProtoType *FT =
38   BPT->getPointeeType()->getAs<FunctionProtoType>();
39   if (!FT || !FT->getReturnType()->isVoidType() || FT->getNumParams() != 0)
40     return false;
41 
42   return true;
43 }
44 
45 namespace {
46 class ASTMaker {
47 public:
ASTMaker(ASTContext & C)48   ASTMaker(ASTContext &C) : C(C) {}
49 
50   /// Create a new BinaryOperator representing a simple assignment.
51   BinaryOperator *makeAssignment(const Expr *LHS, const Expr *RHS, QualType Ty);
52 
53   /// Create a new BinaryOperator representing a comparison.
54   BinaryOperator *makeComparison(const Expr *LHS, const Expr *RHS,
55                                  BinaryOperator::Opcode Op);
56 
57   /// Create a new compound stmt using the provided statements.
58   CompoundStmt *makeCompound(ArrayRef<Stmt*>);
59 
60   /// Create a new DeclRefExpr for the referenced variable.
61   DeclRefExpr *makeDeclRefExpr(const VarDecl *D);
62 
63   /// Create a new UnaryOperator representing a dereference.
64   UnaryOperator *makeDereference(const Expr *Arg, QualType Ty);
65 
66   /// Create an implicit cast for an integer conversion.
67   Expr *makeIntegralCast(const Expr *Arg, QualType Ty);
68 
69   /// Create an implicit cast to a builtin boolean type.
70   ImplicitCastExpr *makeIntegralCastToBoolean(const Expr *Arg);
71 
72   // Create an implicit cast for lvalue-to-rvaluate conversions.
73   ImplicitCastExpr *makeLvalueToRvalue(const Expr *Arg, QualType Ty);
74 
75   /// Create an Objective-C bool literal.
76   ObjCBoolLiteralExpr *makeObjCBool(bool Val);
77 
78   /// Create an Objective-C ivar reference.
79   ObjCIvarRefExpr *makeObjCIvarRef(const Expr *Base, const ObjCIvarDecl *IVar);
80 
81   /// Create a Return statement.
82   ReturnStmt *makeReturn(const Expr *RetVal);
83 
84 private:
85   ASTContext &C;
86 };
87 }
88 
makeAssignment(const Expr * LHS,const Expr * RHS,QualType Ty)89 BinaryOperator *ASTMaker::makeAssignment(const Expr *LHS, const Expr *RHS,
90                                          QualType Ty) {
91  return new (C) BinaryOperator(const_cast<Expr*>(LHS), const_cast<Expr*>(RHS),
92                                BO_Assign, Ty, VK_RValue,
93                                OK_Ordinary, SourceLocation(), false);
94 }
95 
makeComparison(const Expr * LHS,const Expr * RHS,BinaryOperator::Opcode Op)96 BinaryOperator *ASTMaker::makeComparison(const Expr *LHS, const Expr *RHS,
97                                          BinaryOperator::Opcode Op) {
98   assert(BinaryOperator::isLogicalOp(Op) ||
99          BinaryOperator::isComparisonOp(Op));
100   return new (C) BinaryOperator(const_cast<Expr*>(LHS),
101                                 const_cast<Expr*>(RHS),
102                                 Op,
103                                 C.getLogicalOperationType(),
104                                 VK_RValue,
105                                 OK_Ordinary, SourceLocation(), false);
106 }
107 
makeCompound(ArrayRef<Stmt * > Stmts)108 CompoundStmt *ASTMaker::makeCompound(ArrayRef<Stmt *> Stmts) {
109   return new (C) CompoundStmt(C, Stmts, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation());
110 }
111 
makeDeclRefExpr(const VarDecl * D)112 DeclRefExpr *ASTMaker::makeDeclRefExpr(const VarDecl *D) {
113   DeclRefExpr *DR =
114     DeclRefExpr::Create(/* Ctx = */ C,
115                         /* QualifierLoc = */ NestedNameSpecifierLoc(),
116                         /* TemplateKWLoc = */ SourceLocation(),
117                         /* D = */ const_cast<VarDecl*>(D),
118                         /* RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture = */ false,
119                         /* NameLoc = */ SourceLocation(),
120                         /* T = */ D->getType(),
121                         /* VK = */ VK_LValue);
122   return DR;
123 }
124 
makeDereference(const Expr * Arg,QualType Ty)125 UnaryOperator *ASTMaker::makeDereference(const Expr *Arg, QualType Ty) {
126   return new (C) UnaryOperator(const_cast<Expr*>(Arg), UO_Deref, Ty,
127                                VK_LValue, OK_Ordinary, SourceLocation());
128 }
129 
makeLvalueToRvalue(const Expr * Arg,QualType Ty)130 ImplicitCastExpr *ASTMaker::makeLvalueToRvalue(const Expr *Arg, QualType Ty) {
131   return ImplicitCastExpr::Create(C, Ty, CK_LValueToRValue,
132                                   const_cast<Expr*>(Arg), nullptr, VK_RValue);
133 }
134 
makeIntegralCast(const Expr * Arg,QualType Ty)135 Expr *ASTMaker::makeIntegralCast(const Expr *Arg, QualType Ty) {
136   if (Arg->getType() == Ty)
137     return const_cast<Expr*>(Arg);
138 
139   return ImplicitCastExpr::Create(C, Ty, CK_IntegralCast,
140                                   const_cast<Expr*>(Arg), nullptr, VK_RValue);
141 }
142 
makeIntegralCastToBoolean(const Expr * Arg)143 ImplicitCastExpr *ASTMaker::makeIntegralCastToBoolean(const Expr *Arg) {
144   return ImplicitCastExpr::Create(C, C.BoolTy, CK_IntegralToBoolean,
145                                   const_cast<Expr*>(Arg), nullptr, VK_RValue);
146 }
147 
makeObjCBool(bool Val)148 ObjCBoolLiteralExpr *ASTMaker::makeObjCBool(bool Val) {
149   QualType Ty = C.getBOOLDecl() ? C.getBOOLType() : C.ObjCBuiltinBoolTy;
150   return new (C) ObjCBoolLiteralExpr(Val, Ty, SourceLocation());
151 }
152 
makeObjCIvarRef(const Expr * Base,const ObjCIvarDecl * IVar)153 ObjCIvarRefExpr *ASTMaker::makeObjCIvarRef(const Expr *Base,
154                                            const ObjCIvarDecl *IVar) {
155   return new (C) ObjCIvarRefExpr(const_cast<ObjCIvarDecl*>(IVar),
156                                  IVar->getType(), SourceLocation(),
157                                  SourceLocation(), const_cast<Expr*>(Base),
158                                  /*arrow=*/true, /*free=*/false);
159 }
160 
161 
makeReturn(const Expr * RetVal)162 ReturnStmt *ASTMaker::makeReturn(const Expr *RetVal) {
163   return new (C) ReturnStmt(SourceLocation(), const_cast<Expr*>(RetVal),
164                             nullptr);
165 }
166 
167 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
168 // Creation functions for faux ASTs.
169 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
170 
171 typedef Stmt *(*FunctionFarmer)(ASTContext &C, const FunctionDecl *D);
172 
173 /// Create a fake body for dispatch_once.
create_dispatch_once(ASTContext & C,const FunctionDecl * D)174 static Stmt *create_dispatch_once(ASTContext &C, const FunctionDecl *D) {
175   // Check if we have at least two parameters.
176   if (D->param_size() != 2)
177     return nullptr;
178 
179   // Check if the first parameter is a pointer to integer type.
180   const ParmVarDecl *Predicate = D->getParamDecl(0);
181   QualType PredicateQPtrTy = Predicate->getType();
182   const PointerType *PredicatePtrTy = PredicateQPtrTy->getAs<PointerType>();
183   if (!PredicatePtrTy)
184     return nullptr;
185   QualType PredicateTy = PredicatePtrTy->getPointeeType();
186   if (!PredicateTy->isIntegerType())
187     return nullptr;
188 
189   // Check if the second parameter is the proper block type.
190   const ParmVarDecl *Block = D->getParamDecl(1);
191   QualType Ty = Block->getType();
192   if (!isDispatchBlock(Ty))
193     return nullptr;
194 
195   // Everything checks out.  Create a fakse body that checks the predicate,
196   // sets it, and calls the block.  Basically, an AST dump of:
197   //
198   // void dispatch_once(dispatch_once_t *predicate, dispatch_block_t block) {
199   //  if (!*predicate) {
200   //    *predicate = 1;
201   //    block();
202   //  }
203   // }
204 
205   ASTMaker M(C);
206 
207   // (1) Create the call.
208   DeclRefExpr *DR = M.makeDeclRefExpr(Block);
209   ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = M.makeLvalueToRvalue(DR, Ty);
210   CallExpr *CE = new (C) CallExpr(C, ICE, None, C.VoidTy, VK_RValue,
211                                   SourceLocation());
212 
213   // (2) Create the assignment to the predicate.
214   IntegerLiteral *IL =
215     IntegerLiteral::Create(C, llvm::APInt(C.getTypeSize(C.IntTy), (uint64_t) 1),
216                            C.IntTy, SourceLocation());
217   BinaryOperator *B =
218     M.makeAssignment(
219        M.makeDereference(
220           M.makeLvalueToRvalue(
221             M.makeDeclRefExpr(Predicate), PredicateQPtrTy),
222             PredicateTy),
223        M.makeIntegralCast(IL, PredicateTy),
224        PredicateTy);
225 
226   // (3) Create the compound statement.
227   Stmt *Stmts[] = { B, CE };
228   CompoundStmt *CS = M.makeCompound(Stmts);
229 
230   // (4) Create the 'if' condition.
231   ImplicitCastExpr *LValToRval =
232     M.makeLvalueToRvalue(
233       M.makeDereference(
234         M.makeLvalueToRvalue(
235           M.makeDeclRefExpr(Predicate),
236           PredicateQPtrTy),
237         PredicateTy),
238     PredicateTy);
239 
240   UnaryOperator *UO = new (C) UnaryOperator(LValToRval, UO_LNot, C.IntTy,
241                                            VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary,
242                                            SourceLocation());
243 
244   // (5) Create the 'if' statement.
245   IfStmt *If = new (C) IfStmt(C, SourceLocation(), nullptr, UO, CS);
246   return If;
247 }
248 
249 /// Create a fake body for dispatch_sync.
create_dispatch_sync(ASTContext & C,const FunctionDecl * D)250 static Stmt *create_dispatch_sync(ASTContext &C, const FunctionDecl *D) {
251   // Check if we have at least two parameters.
252   if (D->param_size() != 2)
253     return nullptr;
254 
255   // Check if the second parameter is a block.
256   const ParmVarDecl *PV = D->getParamDecl(1);
257   QualType Ty = PV->getType();
258   if (!isDispatchBlock(Ty))
259     return nullptr;
260 
261   // Everything checks out.  Create a fake body that just calls the block.
262   // This is basically just an AST dump of:
263   //
264   // void dispatch_sync(dispatch_queue_t queue, void (^block)(void)) {
265   //   block();
266   // }
267   //
268   ASTMaker M(C);
269   DeclRefExpr *DR = M.makeDeclRefExpr(PV);
270   ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = M.makeLvalueToRvalue(DR, Ty);
271   CallExpr *CE = new (C) CallExpr(C, ICE, None, C.VoidTy, VK_RValue,
272                                   SourceLocation());
273   return CE;
274 }
275 
create_OSAtomicCompareAndSwap(ASTContext & C,const FunctionDecl * D)276 static Stmt *create_OSAtomicCompareAndSwap(ASTContext &C, const FunctionDecl *D)
277 {
278   // There are exactly 3 arguments.
279   if (D->param_size() != 3)
280     return nullptr;
281 
282   // Signature:
283   // _Bool OSAtomicCompareAndSwapPtr(void *__oldValue,
284   //                                 void *__newValue,
285   //                                 void * volatile *__theValue)
286   // Generate body:
287   //   if (oldValue == *theValue) {
288   //    *theValue = newValue;
289   //    return YES;
290   //   }
291   //   else return NO;
292 
293   QualType ResultTy = D->getReturnType();
294   bool isBoolean = ResultTy->isBooleanType();
295   if (!isBoolean && !ResultTy->isIntegralType(C))
296     return nullptr;
297 
298   const ParmVarDecl *OldValue = D->getParamDecl(0);
299   QualType OldValueTy = OldValue->getType();
300 
301   const ParmVarDecl *NewValue = D->getParamDecl(1);
302   QualType NewValueTy = NewValue->getType();
303 
304   assert(OldValueTy == NewValueTy);
305 
306   const ParmVarDecl *TheValue = D->getParamDecl(2);
307   QualType TheValueTy = TheValue->getType();
308   const PointerType *PT = TheValueTy->getAs<PointerType>();
309   if (!PT)
310     return nullptr;
311   QualType PointeeTy = PT->getPointeeType();
312 
313   ASTMaker M(C);
314   // Construct the comparison.
315   Expr *Comparison =
316     M.makeComparison(
317       M.makeLvalueToRvalue(M.makeDeclRefExpr(OldValue), OldValueTy),
318       M.makeLvalueToRvalue(
319         M.makeDereference(
320           M.makeLvalueToRvalue(M.makeDeclRefExpr(TheValue), TheValueTy),
321           PointeeTy),
322         PointeeTy),
323       BO_EQ);
324 
325   // Construct the body of the IfStmt.
326   Stmt *Stmts[2];
327   Stmts[0] =
328     M.makeAssignment(
329       M.makeDereference(
330         M.makeLvalueToRvalue(M.makeDeclRefExpr(TheValue), TheValueTy),
331         PointeeTy),
332       M.makeLvalueToRvalue(M.makeDeclRefExpr(NewValue), NewValueTy),
333       NewValueTy);
334 
335   Expr *BoolVal = M.makeObjCBool(true);
336   Expr *RetVal = isBoolean ? M.makeIntegralCastToBoolean(BoolVal)
337                            : M.makeIntegralCast(BoolVal, ResultTy);
338   Stmts[1] = M.makeReturn(RetVal);
339   CompoundStmt *Body = M.makeCompound(Stmts);
340 
341   // Construct the else clause.
342   BoolVal = M.makeObjCBool(false);
343   RetVal = isBoolean ? M.makeIntegralCastToBoolean(BoolVal)
344                      : M.makeIntegralCast(BoolVal, ResultTy);
345   Stmt *Else = M.makeReturn(RetVal);
346 
347   /// Construct the If.
348   Stmt *If =
349     new (C) IfStmt(C, SourceLocation(), nullptr, Comparison, Body,
350                    SourceLocation(), Else);
351 
352   return If;
353 }
354 
getBody(const FunctionDecl * D)355 Stmt *BodyFarm::getBody(const FunctionDecl *D) {
356   D = D->getCanonicalDecl();
357 
358   Optional<Stmt *> &Val = Bodies[D];
359   if (Val.hasValue())
360     return Val.getValue();
361 
362   Val = nullptr;
363 
364   if (D->getIdentifier() == nullptr)
365     return nullptr;
366 
367   StringRef Name = D->getName();
368   if (Name.empty())
369     return nullptr;
370 
371   FunctionFarmer FF;
372 
373   if (Name.startswith("OSAtomicCompareAndSwap") ||
374       Name.startswith("objc_atomicCompareAndSwap")) {
375     FF = create_OSAtomicCompareAndSwap;
376   }
377   else {
378     FF = llvm::StringSwitch<FunctionFarmer>(Name)
379           .Case("dispatch_sync", create_dispatch_sync)
380           .Case("dispatch_once", create_dispatch_once)
381           .Default(nullptr);
382   }
383 
384   if (FF) { Val = FF(C, D); }
385   else if (Injector) { Val = Injector->getBody(D); }
386   return Val.getValue();
387 }
388 
createObjCPropertyGetter(ASTContext & Ctx,const ObjCPropertyDecl * Prop)389 static Stmt *createObjCPropertyGetter(ASTContext &Ctx,
390                                       const ObjCPropertyDecl *Prop) {
391   // First, find the backing ivar.
392   const ObjCIvarDecl *IVar = Prop->getPropertyIvarDecl();
393   if (!IVar)
394     return nullptr;
395 
396   // Ignore weak variables, which have special behavior.
397   if (Prop->getPropertyAttributes() & ObjCPropertyDecl::OBJC_PR_weak)
398     return nullptr;
399 
400   // Look to see if Sema has synthesized a body for us. This happens in
401   // Objective-C++ because the return value may be a C++ class type with a
402   // non-trivial copy constructor. We can only do this if we can find the
403   // @synthesize for this property, though (or if we know it's been auto-
404   // synthesized).
405   const ObjCImplementationDecl *ImplDecl =
406     IVar->getContainingInterface()->getImplementation();
407   if (ImplDecl) {
408     for (const auto *I : ImplDecl->property_impls()) {
409       if (I->getPropertyDecl() != Prop)
410         continue;
411 
412       if (I->getGetterCXXConstructor()) {
413         ASTMaker M(Ctx);
414         return M.makeReturn(I->getGetterCXXConstructor());
415       }
416     }
417   }
418 
419   // Sanity check that the property is the same type as the ivar, or a
420   // reference to it, and that it is either an object pointer or trivially
421   // copyable.
422   if (!Ctx.hasSameUnqualifiedType(IVar->getType(),
423                                   Prop->getType().getNonReferenceType()))
424     return nullptr;
425   if (!IVar->getType()->isObjCLifetimeType() &&
426       !IVar->getType().isTriviallyCopyableType(Ctx))
427     return nullptr;
428 
429   // Generate our body:
430   //   return self->_ivar;
431   ASTMaker M(Ctx);
432 
433   const VarDecl *selfVar = Prop->getGetterMethodDecl()->getSelfDecl();
434 
435   Expr *loadedIVar =
436     M.makeObjCIvarRef(
437       M.makeLvalueToRvalue(
438         M.makeDeclRefExpr(selfVar),
439         selfVar->getType()),
440       IVar);
441 
442   if (!Prop->getType()->isReferenceType())
443     loadedIVar = M.makeLvalueToRvalue(loadedIVar, IVar->getType());
444 
445   return M.makeReturn(loadedIVar);
446 }
447 
getBody(const ObjCMethodDecl * D)448 Stmt *BodyFarm::getBody(const ObjCMethodDecl *D) {
449   // We currently only know how to synthesize property accessors.
450   if (!D->isPropertyAccessor())
451     return nullptr;
452 
453   D = D->getCanonicalDecl();
454 
455   Optional<Stmt *> &Val = Bodies[D];
456   if (Val.hasValue())
457     return Val.getValue();
458   Val = nullptr;
459 
460   const ObjCPropertyDecl *Prop = D->findPropertyDecl();
461   if (!Prop)
462     return nullptr;
463 
464   // For now, we only synthesize getters.
465   if (D->param_size() != 0)
466     return nullptr;
467 
468   Val = createObjCPropertyGetter(C, Prop);
469 
470   return Val.getValue();
471 }
472 
473