xref: /netbsd/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist/sshbuf.h (revision d6f0ef90)
1 /*	$NetBSD: sshbuf.h,v 1.19 2023/07/26 17:58:16 christos Exp $	*/
2 /*	$OpenBSD: sshbuf.h,v 1.28 2022/12/02 04:40:27 djm Exp $	*/
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2011 Damien Miller
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9  *
10  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
17  */
18 
19 #ifndef _SSHBUF_H
20 #define _SSHBUF_H
21 
22 #include <sys/types.h>
23 #include <stdarg.h>
24 #include <stdio.h>
25 
26 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
27 #include <openssl/bn.h>
28 #include <openssl/ec.h>
29 #include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
30 #else /* OPENSSL */
31 #define BIGNUM		void
32 #define EC_KEY		void
33 #define EC_GROUP	void
34 #define EC_POINT	void
35 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
36 
37 #define SSHBUF_SIZE_MAX		0x10000000	/* Hard maximum size 256MB */
38 #define SSHBUF_REFS_MAX		0x100000	/* Max child buffers */
39 #define SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM	(16384 / 8)	/* Max bignum *bytes* */
40 #define SSHBUF_MAX_ECPOINT	((528 * 2 / 8) + 1) /* Max EC point *bytes* */
41 
42 struct sshbuf;
43 
44 /*
45  * Create a new sshbuf buffer.
46  * Returns pointer to buffer on success, or NULL on allocation failure.
47  */
48 struct sshbuf *sshbuf_new(void);
49 
50 /*
51  * Create a new, read-only sshbuf buffer from existing data.
52  * Returns pointer to buffer on success, or NULL on allocation failure.
53  */
54 struct sshbuf *sshbuf_from(const void *blob, size_t len);
55 
56 /*
57  * Create a new, read-only sshbuf buffer from the contents of an existing
58  * buffer. The contents of "buf" must not change in the lifetime of the
59  * resultant buffer.
60  * Returns pointer to buffer on success, or NULL on allocation failure.
61  */
62 struct sshbuf *sshbuf_fromb(struct sshbuf *buf);
63 
64 /*
65  * Create a new, read-only sshbuf buffer from the contents of a string in
66  * an existing buffer (the string is consumed in the process).
67  * The contents of "buf" must not change in the lifetime of the resultant
68  * buffer.
69  * Returns pointer to buffer on success, or NULL on allocation failure.
70  */
71 int	sshbuf_froms(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshbuf **bufp);
72 
73 /*
74  * Clear and free buf
75  */
76 void	sshbuf_free(struct sshbuf *buf);
77 
78 /*
79  * Reset buf, clearing its contents. NB. max_size is preserved.
80  */
81 void	sshbuf_reset(struct sshbuf *buf);
82 
83 /*
84  * Return the maximum size of buf
85  */
86 size_t	sshbuf_max_size(const struct sshbuf *buf);
87 
88 /*
89  * Set the maximum size of buf
90  * Returns 0 on success, or a negative SSH_ERR_* error code on failure.
91  */
92 int	sshbuf_set_max_size(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t max_size);
93 
94 /*
95  * Returns the length of data in buf
96  */
97 size_t	sshbuf_len(const struct sshbuf *buf);
98 
99 /*
100  * Returns number of bytes left in buffer before hitting max_size.
101  */
102 size_t	sshbuf_avail(const struct sshbuf *buf);
103 
104 /*
105  * Returns a read-only pointer to the start of the data in buf
106  */
107 const u_char *sshbuf_ptr(const struct sshbuf *buf);
108 
109 /*
110  * Returns a mutable pointer to the start of the data in buf, or
111  * NULL if the buffer is read-only.
112  */
113 u_char *sshbuf_mutable_ptr(const struct sshbuf *buf);
114 
115 /*
116  * Check whether a reservation of size len will succeed in buf
117  * Safer to use than direct comparisons again sshbuf_avail as it copes
118  * with unsigned overflows correctly.
119  * Returns 0 on success, or a negative SSH_ERR_* error code on failure.
120  */
121 int	sshbuf_check_reserve(const struct sshbuf *buf, size_t len);
122 
123 /*
124  * Preallocates len additional bytes in buf.
125  * Useful for cases where the caller knows how many bytes will ultimately be
126  * required to avoid realloc in the buffer code.
127  * Returns 0 on success, or a negative SSH_ERR_* error code on failure.
128  */
129 int	sshbuf_allocate(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t len);
130 
131 /*
132  * Reserve len bytes in buf.
133  * Returns 0 on success and a pointer to the first reserved byte via the
134  * optional dpp parameter or a negative SSH_ERR_* error code on failure.
135  */
136 int	sshbuf_reserve(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t len, u_char **dpp);
137 
138 /*
139  * Consume len bytes from the start of buf
140  * Returns 0 on success, or a negative SSH_ERR_* error code on failure.
141  */
142 int	sshbuf_consume(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t len);
143 
144 /*
145  * Consume len bytes from the end of buf
146  * Returns 0 on success, or a negative SSH_ERR_* error code on failure.
147  */
148 int	sshbuf_consume_end(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t len);
149 
150 /* Extract or deposit some bytes */
151 int	sshbuf_get(struct sshbuf *buf, void *v, size_t len);
152 int	sshbuf_put(struct sshbuf *buf, const void *v, size_t len);
153 int	sshbuf_putb(struct sshbuf *buf, const struct sshbuf *v);
154 
155 /* Append using a printf(3) format */
156 int	sshbuf_putf(struct sshbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
157 	    __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
158 int	sshbuf_putfv(struct sshbuf *buf, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
159 	    __printflike(2, 0);
160 
161 /* Functions to extract or store big-endian words of various sizes */
162 int	sshbuf_get_u64(struct sshbuf *buf, u_int64_t *valp);
163 int	sshbuf_get_u32(struct sshbuf *buf, u_int32_t *valp);
164 int	sshbuf_get_u16(struct sshbuf *buf, u_int16_t *valp);
165 int	sshbuf_get_u8(struct sshbuf *buf, u_char *valp);
166 int	sshbuf_put_u64(struct sshbuf *buf, u_int64_t val);
167 int	sshbuf_put_u32(struct sshbuf *buf, u_int32_t val);
168 int	sshbuf_put_u16(struct sshbuf *buf, u_int16_t val);
169 int	sshbuf_put_u8(struct sshbuf *buf, u_char val);
170 
171 /* Functions to peek at the contents of a buffer without modifying it. */
172 int	sshbuf_peek_u64(const struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset,
173     u_int64_t *valp);
174 int	sshbuf_peek_u32(const struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset,
175     u_int32_t *valp);
176 int	sshbuf_peek_u16(const struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset,
177     u_int16_t *valp);
178 int	sshbuf_peek_u8(const struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset,
179     u_char *valp);
180 
181 /*
182  * Functions to poke values into an existing buffer (e.g. a length header
183  * to a packet). The destination bytes must already exist in the buffer.
184  */
185 int sshbuf_poke_u64(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset, u_int64_t val);
186 int sshbuf_poke_u32(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset, u_int32_t val);
187 int sshbuf_poke_u16(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset, u_int16_t val);
188 int sshbuf_poke_u8(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset, u_char val);
189 int sshbuf_poke(struct sshbuf *buf, size_t offset, void *v, size_t len);
190 
191 /*
192  * Functions to extract or store SSH wire encoded strings (u32 len || data)
193  * The "cstring" variants admit no \0 characters in the string contents.
194  * Caller must free *valp.
195  */
196 int	sshbuf_get_string(struct sshbuf *buf, u_char **valp, size_t *lenp);
197 int	sshbuf_get_cstring(struct sshbuf *buf, char **valp, size_t *lenp);
198 int	sshbuf_get_stringb(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshbuf *v);
199 int	sshbuf_put_string(struct sshbuf *buf, const void *v, size_t len);
200 int	sshbuf_put_cstring(struct sshbuf *buf, const char *v);
201 int	sshbuf_put_stringb(struct sshbuf *buf, const struct sshbuf *v);
202 
203 /*
204  * "Direct" variant of sshbuf_get_string, returns pointer into the sshbuf to
205  * avoid an malloc+memcpy. The pointer is guaranteed to be valid until the
206  * next sshbuf-modifying function call. Caller does not free.
207  */
208 int	sshbuf_get_string_direct(struct sshbuf *buf, const u_char **valp,
209 	    size_t *lenp);
210 
211 /* Skip past a string */
212 #define sshbuf_skip_string(buf) sshbuf_get_string_direct(buf, NULL, NULL)
213 
214 /* Another variant: "peeks" into the buffer without modifying it */
215 int	sshbuf_peek_string_direct(const struct sshbuf *buf, const u_char **valp,
216 	    size_t *lenp);
217 
218 /*
219  * Functions to extract or store SSH wire encoded bignums and elliptic
220  * curve points.
221  */
222 int	sshbuf_get_bignum2(struct sshbuf *buf, BIGNUM **valp);
223 int	sshbuf_get_bignum2_bytes_direct(struct sshbuf *buf,
224 	    const u_char **valp, size_t *lenp);
225 int	sshbuf_put_bignum2(struct sshbuf *buf, const BIGNUM *v);
226 int	sshbuf_put_bignum2_bytes(struct sshbuf *buf, const void *v, size_t len);
227 int	sshbuf_get_ec(struct sshbuf *buf, EC_POINT *v, const EC_GROUP *g);
228 int	sshbuf_get_eckey(struct sshbuf *buf, EC_KEY *v);
229 int	sshbuf_put_ec(struct sshbuf *buf, const EC_POINT *v, const EC_GROUP *g);
230 int	sshbuf_put_eckey(struct sshbuf *buf, const EC_KEY *v);
231 
232 /* Dump the contents of the buffer in a human-readable format */
233 void	sshbuf_dump(const struct sshbuf *buf, FILE *f);
234 
235 /* Dump specified memory in a human-readable format */
236 void	sshbuf_dump_data(const void *s, size_t len, FILE *f);
237 
238 /* Return the hexadecimal representation of the contents of the buffer */
239 char	*sshbuf_dtob16(struct sshbuf *buf);
240 
241 /* Encode the contents of the buffer as base64 */
242 char	*sshbuf_dtob64_string(const struct sshbuf *buf, int wrap);
243 int	sshbuf_dtob64(const struct sshbuf *d, struct sshbuf *b64, int wrap);
244 /* RFC4648 "base64url" encoding variant */
245 int	sshbuf_dtourlb64(const struct sshbuf *d, struct sshbuf *b64, int wrap);
246 
247 /* Decode base64 data and append it to the buffer */
248 int	sshbuf_b64tod(struct sshbuf *buf, const char *b64);
249 
250 /*
251  * Tests whether the buffer contains the specified byte sequence at the
252  * specified offset. Returns 0 on successful match, or a ssherr.h code
253  * otherwise. SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT indicates sufficient bytes were
254  * present but the buffer contents did not match those supplied. Zero-
255  * length comparisons are not allowed.
256  *
257  * If sufficient data is present to make a comparison, then it is
258  * performed with timing independent of the value of the data. If
259  * insufficient data is present then the comparison is not attempted at
260  * all.
261  */
262 int	sshbuf_cmp(const struct sshbuf *b, size_t offset,
263     const void *s, size_t len);
264 
265 /*
266  * Searches the buffer for the specified string. Returns 0 on success
267  * and updates *offsetp with the offset of the first match, relative to
268  * the start of the buffer. Otherwise sshbuf_find will return a ssherr.h
269  * error code. SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT indicates sufficient bytes were
270  * present in the buffer for a match to be possible but none was found.
271  * Searches for zero-length data are not allowed.
272  */
273 int
274 sshbuf_find(const struct sshbuf *b, size_t start_offset,
275     const void *s, size_t len, size_t *offsetp);
276 
277 /*
278  * Duplicate the contents of a buffer to a string (caller to free).
279  * Returns NULL on buffer error, or if the buffer contains a premature
280  * nul character.
281  */
282 char *sshbuf_dup_string(struct sshbuf *buf);
283 
284 /*
285  * Fill a buffer from a file descriptor or filename. Both allocate the
286  * buffer for the caller.
287  */
288 int sshbuf_load_fd(int, struct sshbuf **)
289     __attribute__((__nonnull__ (2)));
290 int sshbuf_load_file(const char *, struct sshbuf **)
291     __attribute__((__nonnull__ (2)));
292 
293 /*
294  * Write a buffer to a path, creating/truncating as needed (mode 0644,
295  * subject to umask). The buffer contents are not modified.
296  */
297 int sshbuf_write_file(const char *path, struct sshbuf *buf)
298     __attribute__((__nonnull__ (2)));
299 
300 /* Read up to maxlen bytes from a fd directly to a buffer */
301 int sshbuf_read(int, struct sshbuf *, size_t, size_t *)
302     __attribute__((__nonnull__ (2)));
303 
304 /* Macros for decoding/encoding integers */
305 #define PEEK_U64(p) \
306 	(((u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[0]) << 56) | \
307 	 ((u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[1]) << 48) | \
308 	 ((u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[2]) << 40) | \
309 	 ((u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[3]) << 32) | \
310 	 ((u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[4]) << 24) | \
311 	 ((u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[5]) << 16) | \
312 	 ((u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[6]) << 8) | \
313 	  (u_int64_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[7]))
314 #define PEEK_U32(p) \
315 	(((u_int32_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[0]) << 24) | \
316 	 ((u_int32_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[1]) << 16) | \
317 	 ((u_int32_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[2]) << 8) | \
318 	  (u_int32_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[3]))
319 #define PEEK_U16(p) \
320 	(((u_int16_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[0]) << 8) | \
321 	  (u_int16_t)(((const u_char *)(p))[1]))
322 
323 #define POKE_U64(p, v) \
324 	do { \
325 		const u_int64_t __v = (v); \
326 		((u_char *)(p))[0] = (__v >> 56) & 0xff; \
327 		((u_char *)(p))[1] = (__v >> 48) & 0xff; \
328 		((u_char *)(p))[2] = (__v >> 40) & 0xff; \
329 		((u_char *)(p))[3] = (__v >> 32) & 0xff; \
330 		((u_char *)(p))[4] = (__v >> 24) & 0xff; \
331 		((u_char *)(p))[5] = (__v >> 16) & 0xff; \
332 		((u_char *)(p))[6] = (__v >> 8) & 0xff; \
333 		((u_char *)(p))[7] = __v & 0xff; \
334 	} while (0)
335 #define POKE_U32(p, v) \
336 	do { \
337 		const u_int32_t __v = (v); \
338 		((u_char *)(p))[0] = (__v >> 24) & 0xff; \
339 		((u_char *)(p))[1] = (__v >> 16) & 0xff; \
340 		((u_char *)(p))[2] = (__v >> 8) & 0xff; \
341 		((u_char *)(p))[3] = __v & 0xff; \
342 	} while (0)
343 #define POKE_U16(p, v) \
344 	do { \
345 		const u_int16_t __v = (v); \
346 		((u_char *)(p))[0] = (__v >> 8) & 0xff; \
347 		((u_char *)(p))[1] = __v & 0xff; \
348 	} while (0)
349 
350 /* Internal definitions follow. Exposed for regress tests */
351 #ifdef SSHBUF_INTERNAL
352 
353 /*
354  * Return the allocation size of buf
355  */
356 size_t	sshbuf_alloc(const struct sshbuf *buf);
357 
358 /*
359  * Increment the reference count of buf.
360  */
361 int	sshbuf_set_parent(struct sshbuf *child, struct sshbuf *parent);
362 
363 /*
364  * Return the parent buffer of buf, or NULL if it has no parent.
365  */
366 const struct sshbuf *sshbuf_parent(const struct sshbuf *buf);
367 
368 /*
369  * Return the reference count of buf
370  */
371 u_int	sshbuf_refcount(const struct sshbuf *buf);
372 
373 # define SSHBUF_SIZE_INIT	256		/* Initial allocation */
374 # define SSHBUF_SIZE_INC	256		/* Preferred increment length */
375 # define SSHBUF_PACK_MIN	8192		/* Minimum packable offset */
376 
377 /* # define SSHBUF_ABORT abort */
378 /* # define SSHBUF_DEBUG */
379 
380 # ifndef SSHBUF_ABORT
381 #  define SSHBUF_ABORT()
382 # endif
383 
384 # ifdef SSHBUF_DEBUG
385 #  define SSHBUF_DBG(x) do { \
386 		printf("%s:%d %s: ", __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__); \
387 		printf x; \
388 		printf("\n"); \
389 		fflush(stdout); \
390 	} while (0)
391 # else
392 #  define SSHBUF_DBG(x)
393 # endif
394 #endif /* SSHBUF_INTERNAL */
395 
396 #endif /* _SSHBUF_H */
397