1 /*
2  * pairP.h - Pair API private header
3  *
4  *   Copyright (c) 2020  Shiro Kawai  <shiro@acm.org>
5  *
6  *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  *   are met:
9  *
10  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  *
13  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  *   3. Neither the name of the authors nor the names of its contributors
18  *      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
19  *      software without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
22  *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
23  *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
24  *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
25  *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
26  *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
27  *   TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
28  *   PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
29  *   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
30  *   NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
31  *   SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef GAUCHE_PRIV_PAIRP_H
35 #define GAUCHE_PRIV_PAIRP_H
36 
37 /* ScmExtendedPair actually has a hidden tagged pointer before it.  The
38  * user won't see it.
39  *
40  * The tagged pointer is the same as usual class tag ('111' lower bits) but
41  * point to ScmExtendedPairDescriptor instead of ScmClass.
42  *
43  * Read access to car and cdr is simply a single pointer reference, with no
44  * overhead.  Mutations on an extended pair, OTOH, are intercepted by setCar
45  * and setCdr procedure of ScmExtendedPairDescriptor, which can do tricks.
46  *
47  * We distinguish a normal pair and an extended pair by looking at the address.
48  * Both normal pairs and ScmRealExtendedPairs are aligned on even word boundary.
49  * That makes ScmExtendedPair to be on odd word boundary.
50  *
51  * Statically allocated pairs are a bit tricky; if the compiler has a way
52  * to specify alignment, we use it.  Otherwise, we need to do extra check
53  * that looks at the previous word when a pointer to a pair falls on
54  * on an odd-word---the previous word of normal pair will never have the
55  * low-bit tag 111.
56  * (It is safe to do so---all heap allocated objects are on even-word boundary,
57  * so only the statically allocated pairs matter.  And we generate a dummy
58  * pair at the beginning of every static ScmPair array.)
59  *
60  * The reason we don't use the class pointer in the first word is that
61  * we don't want to split classes for mutable and immutable pairs.  We'd rather
62  * see mutability as 'const' qualifier of C, rather than different types.
63  * One reason is that existing code expects <pair> for both (class-of '(a . b))
64  * and (class-of (cons 'a 'b)) --- we could've subclass <pair> for mutable
65  * and immutable pairs, but that'll break existing code which tests equality
66  * of class, rather than is-a relationship.
67  */
68 typedef struct ScmExtendedPairDescriptorRec {
69     ScmClass *klass;
70     u_long flags;
71     void (*setCar)(ScmObj, ScmObj);
72     void (*setCdr)(ScmObj, ScmObj);
73 } ScmExtendedPairDescriptor;
74 
75 typedef struct ScmRealExtendedPairRec {
76     ScmWord hiddenTag;
77     ScmExtendedPair data;
78 } ScmRealExtendedPair;
79 
80 /* Pair flags */
81 enum {
82     SCM_PAIR_IMMUTABLE = (1L<<0)
83 };
84 
85 SCM_EXTERN ScmExtendedPairDescriptor *Scm__GetExtendedPairDescriptor(ScmObj);
86 SCM_EXTERN void Scm__InitIPairClass(ScmClass *klass);
87 
88 #endif /*GAUCHE_PRIV_PAIRP_H*/
89