xref: /openbsd/lib/libutil/passwd.c (revision df69c215)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: passwd.c,v 1.56 2019/06/28 13:32:43 deraadt Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/stat.h>
34 #include <sys/time.h>
35 #include <sys/resource.h>
36 #include <sys/wait.h>
37 
38 #include <fcntl.h>
39 #include <unistd.h>
40 #include <stdlib.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <ctype.h>
44 #include <pwd.h>
45 #include <err.h>
46 #include <errno.h>
47 #include <paths.h>
48 #include <signal.h>
49 #include <limits.h>
50 
51 #include "util.h"
52 
53 static char pw_defdir[] = "/etc";
54 static char *pw_dir = pw_defdir;
55 static char *pw_lck;
56 
57 char *
pw_file(const char * nm)58 pw_file(const char *nm)
59 {
60 	const char *p = strrchr(nm, '/');
61 	char *new_nm;
62 
63 	if (p)
64 		p++;
65 	else
66 		p = nm;
67 
68 	if (asprintf(&new_nm, "%s/%s", pw_dir, p) == -1)
69 		return NULL;
70 	return new_nm;
71 }
72 
73 void
pw_setdir(const char * dir)74 pw_setdir(const char *dir)
75 {
76 	char *p;
77 
78 	if (strcmp (dir, pw_dir) == 0)
79 		return;
80 	if (pw_dir != pw_defdir)
81 		free(pw_dir);
82 	pw_dir = strdup(dir);
83 	if (pw_lck) {
84 		p = pw_file(pw_lck);
85 		free(pw_lck);
86 		pw_lck = p;
87 	}
88 }
89 
90 
91 int
pw_lock(int retries)92 pw_lock(int retries)
93 {
94 	int i, fd;
95 	mode_t old_mode;
96 
97 	if (!pw_lck) {
98 		errno = EINVAL;
99 		return (-1);
100 	}
101 	/* Acquire the lock file.  */
102 	old_mode = umask(0);
103 	fd = open(pw_lck, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_CLOEXEC, 0600);
104 	for (i = 0; i < retries && fd == -1 && errno == EEXIST; i++) {
105 		sleep(1);
106 		fd = open(pw_lck, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_CLOEXEC, 0600);
107 	}
108 	(void) umask(old_mode);
109 	return (fd);
110 }
111 
112 int
pw_mkdb(char * username,int flags)113 pw_mkdb(char *username, int flags)
114 {
115 	int pstat, ac;
116 	pid_t pid;
117 	char *av[8];
118 	struct stat sb;
119 
120 	if (pw_lck == NULL)
121 		return(-1);
122 
123 	/* A zero length passwd file is never ok */
124 	if (stat(pw_lck, &sb) == 0 && sb.st_size == 0) {
125 		warnx("%s is zero length", pw_lck);
126 		return (-1);
127 	}
128 
129 	ac = 0;
130 	av[ac++] = "pwd_mkdb";
131 	av[ac++] = "-d";
132 	av[ac++] = pw_dir;
133 	if (flags & _PASSWORD_SECUREONLY)
134 		av[ac++] = "-s";
135 	else if (!(flags & _PASSWORD_OMITV7))
136 		av[ac++] = "-p";
137 	if (username) {
138 		av[ac++] = "-u";
139 		av[ac++] = username;
140 	}
141 	av[ac++] = pw_lck;
142 	av[ac] = NULL;
143 
144 	pid = vfork();
145 	if (pid == -1)
146 		return (-1);
147 	if (pid == 0) {
148 		if (pw_lck)
149 			execv(_PATH_PWD_MKDB, av);
150 		_exit(1);
151 	}
152 	pid = waitpid(pid, &pstat, 0);
153 	if (pid == -1 || !WIFEXITED(pstat) || WEXITSTATUS(pstat) != 0)
154 		return (-1);
155 	return (0);
156 }
157 
158 int
pw_abort(void)159 pw_abort(void)
160 {
161 	return (pw_lck ? unlink(pw_lck) : -1);
162 }
163 
164 /* Everything below this point is intended for the convenience of programs
165  * which allow a user to interactively edit the passwd file.  Errors in the
166  * routines below will cause the process to abort. */
167 
168 static pid_t editpid = -1;
169 
170 static void
pw_cont(int signo)171 pw_cont(int signo)
172 {
173 	int save_errno = errno;
174 
175 	if (editpid != -1)
176 		kill(editpid, signo);
177 	errno = save_errno;
178 }
179 
180 void
pw_init(void)181 pw_init(void)
182 {
183 	struct rlimit rlim;
184 
185 	/* Unlimited resource limits. */
186 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
187 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, &rlim);
188 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &rlim);
189 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim);
190 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlim);
191 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_RSS, &rlim);
192 
193 	/* Don't drop core (not really necessary, but GP's). */
194 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
195 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
196 
197 	/* Turn off signals. */
198 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
199 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
200 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
201 	(void)signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
202 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
203 	(void)signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
204 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, pw_cont);
205 
206 	if (!pw_lck)
207 		pw_lck = pw_file(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
208 }
209 
210 void
pw_edit(int notsetuid,const char * filename)211 pw_edit(int notsetuid, const char *filename)
212 {
213 	int pstat;
214 	char *p;
215 	char *editor;
216 	char *argp[] = {"sh", "-c", NULL, NULL};
217 
218 	if (!filename) {
219 		filename = pw_lck;
220 		if (!filename)
221 			return;
222 	}
223 
224 	if ((editor = getenv("EDITOR")) == NULL)
225 		editor = _PATH_VI;
226 
227 	if (asprintf(&p, "%s %s", editor, filename) == -1)
228 		return;
229 	argp[2] = p;
230 
231 	switch (editpid = vfork()) {
232 	case -1:			/* error */
233 		free(p);
234 		return;
235 	case 0:				/* child */
236 		if (notsetuid) {
237 			setgid(getgid());
238 			setuid(getuid());
239 		}
240 		execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argp);
241 		_exit(127);
242 	}
243 
244 	free(p);
245 	for (;;) {
246 		editpid = waitpid(editpid, (int *)&pstat, WUNTRACED);
247 		if (editpid == -1)
248 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
249 		else if (WIFSTOPPED(pstat))
250 			raise(WSTOPSIG(pstat));
251 		else if (WIFEXITED(pstat) && WEXITSTATUS(pstat) == 0)
252 			break;
253 		else
254 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
255 	}
256 	editpid = -1;
257 }
258 
259 void
pw_prompt(void)260 pw_prompt(void)
261 {
262 	int first, c;
263 
264 	(void)printf("re-edit the password file? [y]: ");
265 	(void)fflush(stdout);
266 	first = c = getchar();
267 	while (c != '\n' && c != EOF)
268 		c = getchar();
269 	switch (first) {
270 	case EOF:
271 		putchar('\n');
272 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
273 	case 'n':
274 	case 'N':
275 		pw_error(NULL, 0, 0);
276 		break;
277 	}
278 }
279 
280 static int
pw_equal(const struct passwd * pw1,const struct passwd * pw2)281 pw_equal(const struct passwd *pw1, const struct passwd *pw2)
282 {
283 	return (strcmp(pw1->pw_name, pw2->pw_name) == 0 &&
284 	    pw1->pw_uid == pw2->pw_uid &&
285 	    pw1->pw_gid == pw2->pw_gid &&
286 	    strcmp(pw1->pw_class, pw2->pw_class) == 0 &&
287 	    pw1->pw_change == pw2->pw_change &&
288 	    pw1->pw_expire == pw2->pw_expire &&
289 	    strcmp(pw1->pw_gecos, pw2->pw_gecos) == 0 &&
290 	    strcmp(pw1->pw_dir, pw2->pw_dir) == 0 &&
291 	    strcmp(pw1->pw_shell, pw2->pw_shell) == 0);
292 }
293 
294 static int
pw_write_entry(FILE * to,const struct passwd * pw)295 pw_write_entry(FILE *to, const struct passwd *pw)
296 {
297 	char	gidstr[16], uidstr[16];
298 
299 	/* Preserve gid/uid -1 */
300 	if (pw->pw_gid == (gid_t)-1)
301 		strlcpy(gidstr, "-1", sizeof(gidstr));
302 	else
303 		snprintf(gidstr, sizeof(gidstr), "%u", (u_int)pw->pw_gid);
304 
305 	if (pw->pw_uid == (uid_t)-1)
306 		strlcpy(uidstr, "-1", sizeof(uidstr));
307 	else
308 		snprintf(uidstr, sizeof(uidstr), "%u", (u_int)pw->pw_uid);
309 
310 	return fprintf(to, "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%lld:%lld:%s:%s:%s\n",
311 	    pw->pw_name, pw->pw_passwd, uidstr, gidstr, pw->pw_class,
312 	    (long long)pw->pw_change, (long long)pw->pw_expire,
313 	    pw->pw_gecos, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_shell);
314 }
315 
316 void
pw_copy(int ffd,int tfd,const struct passwd * pw,const struct passwd * opw)317 pw_copy(int ffd, int tfd, const struct passwd *pw, const struct passwd *opw)
318 {
319 	struct passwd tpw;
320 	FILE   *from, *to;
321 	int	done;
322 	char   *p, *ep, buf[8192];
323 	char   *master = pw_file(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD);
324 
325 	if (!master)
326 		pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
327 	if (!(from = fdopen(ffd, "r")))
328 		pw_error(master, 1, 1);
329 	if (!(to = fdopen(tfd, "w")))
330 		pw_error(pw_lck ? pw_lck : NULL, pw_lck ? 1 : 0, 1);
331 
332 	for (done = 0; fgets(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), from);) {
333 		if ((ep = strchr(buf, '\n')) == NULL) {
334 			warnx("%s: line too long", master);
335 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
336 		}
337 		if (done) {
338 			if (fputs(buf, to))
339 				goto fail;
340 			continue;
341 		}
342 		if (!(p = strchr(buf, ':'))) {
343 			warnx("%s: corrupted entry", master);
344 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
345 		}
346 		*p = '\0';
347 		if (strcmp(buf, opw ? opw->pw_name : pw->pw_name)) {
348 			*p = ':';
349 			if (fputs(buf, to))
350 				goto fail;
351 			continue;
352 		}
353 		if (opw != NULL) {
354 			*p = ':';
355 			*ep = '\0';
356 			if (!pw_scan(buf, &tpw, NULL))
357 				pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
358 			if (!pw_equal(&tpw, opw)) {
359 				warnx("%s: inconsistent entry", master);
360 				pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
361 			}
362 		}
363 		if (pw_write_entry(to, pw) == -1)
364 			goto fail;
365 		done = 1;
366 	}
367 	if (!done && pw_write_entry(to, pw) == -1)
368 		goto fail;
369 
370 	if (ferror(to) || fflush(to))
371 fail:
372 		pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
373 	free(master);
374 	(void)fclose(to);
375 }
376 
377 int
pw_scan(char * bp,struct passwd * pw,int * flags)378 pw_scan(char *bp, struct passwd *pw, int *flags)
379 {
380 	int root;
381 	char *p, *sh;
382 	const char *errstr;
383 
384 	if (flags != NULL)
385 		*flags = 0;
386 
387 	if (!(p = strsep(&bp, ":")) || *p == '\0')	/* login */
388 		goto fmt;
389 	pw->pw_name = p;
390 	root = !strcmp(pw->pw_name, "root");
391 
392 	if (!(pw->pw_passwd = strsep(&bp, ":")))	/* passwd */
393 		goto fmt;
394 
395 	if (!(p = strsep(&bp, ":")))			/* uid */
396 		goto fmt;
397 	pw->pw_uid = strtonum(p, -1, UID_MAX, &errstr);
398 	if (errstr != NULL) {
399 		if (*p != '\0') {
400 			warnx("uid is %s", errstr);
401 			return (0);
402 		}
403 		if (flags != NULL)
404 			*flags |= _PASSWORD_NOUID;
405 	}
406 	if (root && pw->pw_uid) {
407 		warnx("root uid should be 0");
408 		return (0);
409 	}
410 
411 	if (!(p = strsep(&bp, ":")))			/* gid */
412 		goto fmt;
413 	pw->pw_gid = strtonum(p, -1, GID_MAX, &errstr);
414 	if (errstr != NULL) {
415 		if (*p != '\0') {
416 			warnx("gid is %s", errstr);
417 			return (0);
418 		}
419 		if (flags != NULL)
420 			*flags |= _PASSWORD_NOGID;
421 	}
422 
423 	pw->pw_class = strsep(&bp, ":");		/* class */
424 	if (!(p = strsep(&bp, ":")))			/* change */
425 		goto fmt;
426 	pw->pw_change = atoll(p);
427 	if ((*p == '\0') && (flags != (int *)NULL))
428 		*flags |= _PASSWORD_NOCHG;
429 	if (!(p = strsep(&bp, ":")))			/* expire */
430 		goto fmt;
431 	pw->pw_expire = atoll(p);
432 	if ((*p == '\0') && (flags != (int *)NULL))
433 		*flags |= _PASSWORD_NOEXP;
434 	pw->pw_gecos = strsep(&bp, ":");		/* gecos */
435 	pw->pw_dir = strsep(&bp, ":");			/* directory */
436 	if (!(pw->pw_shell = strsep(&bp, ":")))		/* shell */
437 		goto fmt;
438 
439 	p = pw->pw_shell;
440 	if (root && *p) {				/* empty == /bin/sh */
441 		for (setusershell();;) {
442 			if (!(sh = getusershell())) {
443 				warnx("warning, unknown root shell");
444 				break;
445 			}
446 			if (!strcmp(p, sh))
447 				break;
448 		}
449 		endusershell();
450 	}
451 
452 	if ((p = strsep(&bp, ":"))) {			/* too many */
453 fmt:		warnx("corrupted entry");
454 		return (0);
455 	}
456 
457 	return (1);
458 }
459 
460 __dead void
pw_error(const char * name,int error,int eval)461 pw_error(const char *name, int error, int eval)
462 {
463 	char   *master = pw_file(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD);
464 
465 	if (error) {
466 		if (name)
467 			warn("%s", name);
468 		else
469 			warn(NULL);
470 	}
471 	if (master) {
472 		warnx("%s: unchanged", master);
473 		free(master);
474 	}
475 
476 	pw_abort();
477 	exit(eval);
478 }
479