xref: /dports/devel/notcurses/notcurses-3.0.1/src/lib/blit.c

#include <stddef.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "internal.h"

static const uint32_t zeroes32;
static const unsigned char zeroes[] = "\x00\x00\x00\x00";

// linearly interpolate a 24-bit RGB value along each 8-bit channel
static inline uint32_t
lerp(uint32_t c0, uint32_t c1, unsigned nointerpolate){
  unsigned r0, g0, b0, r1, g1, b1;
  uint32_t ret = 0;
  ncchannel_rgb8(c0, &r0, &g0, &b0);
  if(!nointerpolate){
    ncchannel_rgb8(c1, &r1, &g1, &b1);
    ncchannel_set_rgb8(&ret, (r0 + r1 + 1) / 2,
                          (g0 + g1 + 1) / 2,
                          (b0 + b1 + 1) / 2);
  }else{
    ncchannel_set_rgb8(&ret, r0, g0, b0);
  }
  return ret;
}

// linearly interpolate a 24-bit RGB value along each 8-bit channel
static inline uint32_t
trilerp(uint32_t c0, uint32_t c1, uint32_t c2, unsigned nointerpolate){
  uint32_t ret = 0;
  unsigned r0, g0, b0, r1, g1, b1, r2, g2, b2;
  ncchannel_rgb8(c0, &r0, &g0, &b0);
  if(!nointerpolate){
    ncchannel_rgb8(c1, &r1, &g1, &b1);
    ncchannel_rgb8(c2, &r2, &g2, &b2);
    ncchannel_set_rgb8(&ret, (r0 + r1 + r2 + 2) / 3,
                          (g0 + g1 + g2 + 2) / 3,
                          (b0 + b1 + b2 + 2) / 3);
  }else{
    ncchannel_set_rgb8(&ret, r0, g0, b0);
  }
  return ret;
}

// take a sum over channels, and the sample count, write back lerped channel
static inline uint32_t
generalerp(unsigned rsum, unsigned gsum, unsigned bsum, int count){
  if(count == 0){
    assert(0 == rsum);
    assert(0 == gsum);
    assert(0 == bsum);
    return 0;
  }
  return NCCHANNEL_INITIALIZER((rsum + (count - 1)) / count,
                               (gsum + (count - 1)) / count,
                               (bsum + (count - 1)) / count);
}

static inline unsigned
rgba_trans_q(const unsigned char* p, uint32_t transcolor){
  uint32_t q;
  memcpy(&q, p, sizeof(q));
  return rgba_trans_p(q, transcolor);
}

// Retarded RGBA blitter (ASCII only).
static inline int
tria_blit_ascii(ncplane* nc, int linesize, const void* data,
                int leny, int lenx, const blitterargs* bargs){
//fprintf(stderr, "ASCII %d X %d @ %d X %d (%p) place: %d X %d\n", leny, lenx, bargs->begy, bargs->begx, data, bargs->u.cell.placey, bargs->u.cell.placex);
  const bool blendcolors = bargs->flags & NCVISUAL_OPTION_BLEND;
  unsigned dimy, dimx, x, y;
  int total = 0; // number of cells written
  ncplane_dim_yx(nc, &dimy, &dimx);
  // FIXME not going to necessarily be safe on all architectures hrmmm
  const unsigned char* dat = data;
  int visy = bargs->begy;
  for(y = bargs->u.cell.placey ; visy < (bargs->begy + leny) && y < dimy ; ++y, ++visy){
    if(ncplane_cursor_move_yx(nc, y, bargs->u.cell.placex < 0 ? 0 : bargs->u.cell.placex)){
      return -1;
    }
    int visx = bargs->begx;
    for(x = bargs->u.cell.placex ; visx < (bargs->begx + lenx) && x < dimx ; ++x, ++visx){
      const unsigned char* rgbbase_up = dat + (linesize * visy) + (visx * 4);
//fprintf(stderr, "[%04d/%04d] lsize: %d %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", y, x, linesize, rgbbase_up[0], rgbbase_up[1], rgbbase_up[2], rgbbase_up[3]);
      nccell* c = ncplane_cell_ref_yx(nc, y, x);
      // use the default for the background, as that's the only way it's
      // effective in that case anyway
      c->channels = 0;
      c->stylemask = 0;
      if(blendcolors){
        nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
        nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
      }
      if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_up, bargs->transcolor)){
        nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
        nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 0, 0, 0);
      }else{
        nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_up[0], rgbbase_up[1], rgbbase_up[2]);
        nccell_set_bg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_up[0], rgbbase_up[1], rgbbase_up[2]);
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 1, 1);
        if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, " ", 1, 1) <= 0){
          return -1;
        }
        ++total;
      }
    }
  }
  return total;
}

// RGBA half-block blitter. Best for most images/videos. Full fidelity
// combined with 1:1 pixel aspect ratio.
static inline int
tria_blit(ncplane* nc, int linesize, const void* data, int leny, int lenx,
          const blitterargs* bargs){
  const bool blendcolors = bargs->flags & NCVISUAL_OPTION_BLEND;
//fprintf(stderr, "HALF %d X %d @ %d X %d (%p) place: %d X %d\n", leny, lenx, bargs->begy, bargs->begx, data, bargs->u.cell.placey, bargs->u.cell.placex);
  uint32_t transcolor = bargs->transcolor;
  unsigned dimy, dimx, x, y;
  int total = 0; // number of cells written
  ncplane_dim_yx(nc, &dimy, &dimx);
  // FIXME not going to necessarily be safe on all architectures hrmmm
  const unsigned char* dat = data;
  int visy = bargs->begy;
  for(y = bargs->u.cell.placey ; visy < (bargs->begy + leny) && y < dimy ; ++y, visy += 2){
    if(ncplane_cursor_move_yx(nc, y, bargs->u.cell.placex < 0 ? 0 : bargs->u.cell.placex)){
      return -1;
    }
    int visx = bargs->begx;
    for(x = bargs->u.cell.placex ; visx < (bargs->begx + lenx) && x < dimx ; ++x, ++visx){
      const unsigned char* rgbbase_up = dat + (linesize * visy) + (visx * 4);
      const unsigned char* rgbbase_down = zeroes;
      if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 1){
        rgbbase_down = dat + (linesize * (visy + 1)) + (visx * 4);
      }
//fprintf(stderr, "[%04d/%04d] lsize: %d %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", y, x, linesize, rgbbase_up[0], rgbbase_up[1], rgbbase_up[2], rgbbase_up[3]);
      nccell* c = ncplane_cell_ref_yx(nc, y, x);
      // use the default for the background, as that's the only way it's
      // effective in that case anyway
      c->channels = 0;
      c->stylemask = 0;
      if(blendcolors){
        nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
        nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
      }
      if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_up, transcolor) || rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_down, transcolor)){
        nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
        if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_up, transcolor) && rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_down, transcolor)){
          nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
        }else if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_up, transcolor)){ // down has the color
          if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, "\u2584", strlen("\u2584"), 1) <= 0){
            return -1;
          }
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_down[0], rgbbase_down[1], rgbbase_down[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 0, 1, 1);
          ++total;
        }else{ // up has the color
          // upper half block
          if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, "\u2580", strlen("\u2580"), 1) <= 0){
            return -1;
          }
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_up[0], rgbbase_up[1], rgbbase_up[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 0, 0);
          ++total;
        }
      }else{
        if(memcmp(rgbbase_up, rgbbase_down, 3) == 0){
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_down[0], rgbbase_down[1], rgbbase_down[2]);
          nccell_set_bg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_down[0], rgbbase_down[1], rgbbase_down[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 0, 0, 0);
          if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, " ", 1, 1) <= 0){
            return -1;
          }
        }else{
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_up[0], rgbbase_up[1], rgbbase_up[2]);
          nccell_set_bg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_down[0], rgbbase_down[1], rgbbase_down[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 1, 1);
          if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, "\u2580", strlen("\u2580"), 1) <= 0){
            return -1;
          }
        }
        ++total;
      }
    }
  }
  return total;
}

// once we find the closest pair of colors, we need look at the other two
// colors, and determine whether either belongs with us rather with them.
// if so, take the closer, and trilerp it in with us. otherwise, lerp the
// two excluded pixels (and retain our original lerp).
static const struct qdriver {
  int pair[2];      // indices of contributing pair
  int others[2];    // indices of excluded pair
  const char* egc;  // EGC corresponding to contributing pair
  const char* oth0egc; // EGC upon absorbing others[0]
  const char* oth1egc; // EGC upon absorbing others[1]
} quadrant_drivers[6] = {
  { .pair = { 0, 1 }, .others = { 2, 3 }, .egc = "▀", .oth0egc = "▛", .oth1egc = "▜", },
  { .pair = { 0, 2 }, .others = { 1, 3 }, .egc = "▌", .oth0egc = "▛", .oth1egc = "▙", },
  { .pair = { 0, 3 }, .others = { 1, 2 }, .egc = "▚", .oth0egc = "▜", .oth1egc = "▙", },
  { .pair = { 1, 2 }, .others = { 0, 3 }, .egc = "▞", .oth0egc = "▛", .oth1egc = "▟", },
  { .pair = { 1, 3 }, .others = { 0, 2 }, .egc = "▐", .oth0egc = "▜", .oth1egc = "▟", },
  { .pair = { 2, 3 }, .others = { 0, 1 }, .egc = "▄", .oth0egc = "▙", .oth1egc = "▟", },
};

// get the six distances between four colors. diffs must be an array of
// at least 6 uint32_t values.
static void
rgb_4diff(uint32_t* diffs, uint32_t tl, uint32_t tr, uint32_t bl, uint32_t br){
  struct rgb {
    unsigned r, g, b;
  } colors[4];
  ncchannel_rgb8(tl, &colors[0].r, &colors[0].g, &colors[0].b);
  ncchannel_rgb8(tr, &colors[1].r, &colors[1].g, &colors[1].b);
  ncchannel_rgb8(bl, &colors[2].r, &colors[2].g, &colors[2].b);
  ncchannel_rgb8(br, &colors[3].r, &colors[3].g, &colors[3].b);
  for(size_t idx = 0 ; idx < sizeof(quadrant_drivers) / sizeof(*quadrant_drivers) ; ++idx){
    const struct qdriver* qd = quadrant_drivers + idx;
    const struct rgb* rgb0 = colors + qd->pair[0];
    const struct rgb* rgb1 = colors + qd->pair[1];
    diffs[idx] = rgb_diff(rgb0->r, rgb0->g, rgb0->b,
                          rgb1->r, rgb1->g, rgb1->b);
  }
}

// solve for the EGC and two colors to best represent four colors at top
// left, top right, bot left, bot right
static inline const char*
quadrant_solver(uint32_t tl, uint32_t tr, uint32_t bl, uint32_t br,
                uint32_t* fore, uint32_t* back, unsigned nointerpolate){
  const uint32_t colors[4] = { tl, tr, bl, br };
//fprintf(stderr, "%08x/%08x/%08x/%08x\n", tl, tr, bl, br);
  uint32_t diffs[sizeof(quadrant_drivers) / sizeof(*quadrant_drivers)];
  rgb_4diff(diffs, tl, tr, bl, br);
  // compiler can't verify that we'll always be less than 769 somewhere,
  // so fuck it, just go ahead and initialize to 0 / diffs[0]
  size_t mindiffidx = 0;
  unsigned mindiff = diffs[0]; // 3 * 256 + 1; // max distance is 256 * 3
  // if all diffs are 0, emit a space
  bool allzerodiffs = (mindiff == 0);
  for(size_t idx = 1 ; idx < sizeof(diffs) / sizeof(*diffs) ; ++idx){
    if(diffs[idx] < mindiff){
      mindiffidx = idx;
      mindiff = diffs[idx];
    }
    if(diffs[idx]){
      allzerodiffs = false;
    }
  }
  if(allzerodiffs){
    *fore = *back = tl;
    return " ";
  }
  // at this point, 0 <= mindiffidx <= 5. foreground color will be the
  // lerp of this nearest pair. we then check the other two. if they are
  // closer to one another than either is to our lerp, lerp between them.
  // otherwise, bring the closer one into our lerped fold.
  const struct qdriver* qd = &quadrant_drivers[mindiffidx];
  // the diff of the excluded pair is conveniently located at the inverse
  // location within diffs[] viz mindiffidx.
  // const uint32_t otherdiff = diffs[5 - mindiffidx];
  *fore = lerp(colors[qd->pair[0]], colors[qd->pair[1]], nointerpolate);
  *back = lerp(colors[qd->others[0]], colors[qd->others[1]], nointerpolate);
//fprintf(stderr, "mindiff: %u[%zu] fore: %08x back: %08x %d+%d/%d+%d\n", mindiff, mindiffidx, *fore, *back, qd->pair[0], qd->pair[1], qd->others[0], qd->others[1]);
  const char* egc = qd->egc;
  // break down the excluded pair and lerp
  unsigned r0, r1, r2, g0, g1, g2, b0, b1, b2;
  unsigned roth, goth, both, rlerp, glerp, blerp;
  ncchannel_rgb8(*back, &roth, &goth, &both);
  ncchannel_rgb8(*fore, &rlerp, &glerp, &blerp);
//fprintf(stderr, "rgbs: %02x %02x %02x / %02x %02x %02x\n", r0, g0, b0, r1, g1, b1);
  // get diffs of the excluded two from both lerps
  ncchannel_rgb8(colors[qd->others[0]], &r0, &g0, &b0);
  ncchannel_rgb8(colors[qd->others[1]], &r1, &g1, &b1);
  diffs[0] = rgb_diff(r0, g0, b0, roth, goth, both);
  diffs[1] = rgb_diff(r1, g1, b1, roth, goth, both);
  diffs[2] = rgb_diff(r0, g0, b0, rlerp, glerp, blerp);
  diffs[3] = rgb_diff(r1, g1, b1, rlerp, glerp, blerp);
  // get diffs of the included two from their lerp
  ncchannel_rgb8(colors[qd->pair[0]], &r0, &g0, &b0);
  ncchannel_rgb8(colors[qd->pair[1]], &r1, &g1, &b1);
  diffs[4] = rgb_diff(r0, g0, b0, rlerp, glerp, blerp);
  diffs[5] = rgb_diff(r1, g1, b1, rlerp, glerp, blerp);
  unsigned curdiff = diffs[0] + diffs[1] + diffs[4] + diffs[5];
  // it might be better to combine three, and leave one totally unchanged.
  // propose a trilerps; we only need consider the member of the excluded pair
  // closer to the primary lerp. recalculate total diff; merge if lower.
  if(diffs[2] < diffs[3]){
    unsigned tri = trilerp(colors[qd->pair[0]], colors[qd->pair[1]], colors[qd->others[0]],
                           nointerpolate);
    ncchannel_rgb8(colors[qd->others[0]], &r2, &g2, &b2);
    ncchannel_rgb8(tri, &roth, &goth, &both);
    if(rgb_diff(r0, g0, b0, roth, goth, both) +
       rgb_diff(r1, g1, b1, roth, goth, both) +
       rgb_diff(r2, g2, b2, roth, goth, both) < curdiff){
      egc = qd->oth0egc;
      *back = colors[qd->others[1]];
      *fore = tri;
    }
//fprintf(stderr, "quadblitter swap type 1\n");
  }else{
    unsigned tri = trilerp(colors[qd->pair[0]], colors[qd->pair[1]], colors[qd->others[1]],
                           nointerpolate);
    ncchannel_rgb8(colors[qd->others[1]], &r2, &g2, &b2);
    ncchannel_rgb8(tri, &roth, &goth, &both);
    if(rgb_diff(r0, g0, b0, roth, goth, both) +
       rgb_diff(r1, g1, b1, roth, goth, both) +
       rgb_diff(r2, g2, b2, roth, goth, both) < curdiff){
      egc = qd->oth1egc;
      *back = colors[qd->others[0]];
      *fore = tri;
    }
//fprintf(stderr, "quadblitter swap type 2\n");
  }
  return egc;
}

// quadrant check for transparency. returns an EGC if we found transparent
// quads and have solved for colors (this EGC ought then be loaded into the
// cell). returns NULL otherwise. transparency trumps everything else in terms
// of priority -- if even one quadrant is transparent, we will have a
// transparent background, and lerp the rest together for foreground. we thus
// have a 16-way conditional tree in which each EGC must show up exactly once.
// FIXME we ought be able to just build up a bitstring and use it as an index!
// FIXME pass in rgbas as array of uint32_t ala sexblitter
static inline const char*
qtrans_check(nccell* c, unsigned blendcolors,
             const unsigned char* rgbbase_tl, const unsigned char* rgbbase_tr,
             const unsigned char* rgbbase_bl, const unsigned char* rgbbase_br,
             uint32_t transcolor, unsigned nointerpolate){
  uint32_t tl = 0, tr = 0, bl = 0, br = 0;
  ncchannel_set_rgb8(&tl, rgbbase_tl[0], rgbbase_tl[1], rgbbase_tl[2]);
  ncchannel_set_rgb8(&tr, rgbbase_tr[0], rgbbase_tr[1], rgbbase_tr[2]);
  ncchannel_set_rgb8(&bl, rgbbase_bl[0], rgbbase_bl[1], rgbbase_bl[2]);
  ncchannel_set_rgb8(&br, rgbbase_br[0], rgbbase_br[1], rgbbase_br[2]);
  const char* egc = NULL;
  if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_tl, transcolor)){
    // top left is transparent
    if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_tr, transcolor)){
      // all of top is transparent
      if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_bl, transcolor)){
        // top and left are transparent
        if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){
          // entirety is transparent, load with nul (but not NULL)
          nccell_set_fg_default(c);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 0, 0, 0);
          egc = "";
        }else{
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_br[0], rgbbase_br[1], rgbbase_br[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 0, 0, 1);
          egc = "▗";
        }
      }else{
        if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_bl[0], rgbbase_bl[1], rgbbase_bl[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 0, 1, 0);
          egc = "▖";
        }else{
          cell_set_fchannel(c, lerp(bl, br, nointerpolate));
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 0, 1, 1);
          egc = "▄";
        }
      }
    }else{ // top right is foreground, top left is transparent
      if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_bl, transcolor)){
        if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){ // entire bottom is transparent
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_tr[0], rgbbase_tr[1], rgbbase_tr[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 1, 0, 0);
          egc = "▝";
        }else{
          cell_set_fchannel(c, lerp(tr, br, nointerpolate));
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 1, 0, 1);
          egc = "▐";
        }
      }else if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){ // only br is transparent
        cell_set_fchannel(c, lerp(tr, bl, nointerpolate));
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 1, 1, 0);
        egc = "▞";
      }else{
        cell_set_fchannel(c, trilerp(tr, bl, br, nointerpolate));
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 0, 1, 1, 1);
        egc = "▟";
      }
    }
  }else{ // topleft is foreground for all here
    if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_tr, transcolor)){
      if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_bl, transcolor)){
        if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, rgbbase_tl[0], rgbbase_tl[1], rgbbase_tl[2]);
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 0, 0, 0);
          egc = "▘";
        }else{
          cell_set_fchannel(c, lerp(tl, br, nointerpolate));
          cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 0, 0, 1);
          egc = "▚";
        }
      }else if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){
        cell_set_fchannel(c, lerp(tl, bl, nointerpolate));
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 0, 1, 0);
        egc = "▌";
      }else{
        cell_set_fchannel(c, trilerp(tl, bl, br, nointerpolate));
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 0, 1, 1);
        egc = "▙";
      }
    }else if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_bl, transcolor)){
      if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){ // entire bottom is transparent
        cell_set_fchannel(c, lerp(tl, tr, nointerpolate));
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 0, 0);
        egc = "▀";
      }else{ // only bl is transparent
        cell_set_fchannel(c, trilerp(tl, tr, br, nointerpolate));
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 0, 1);
        egc = "▜";
      }
    }else if(rgba_trans_q(rgbbase_br, transcolor)){ // only br is transparent
      cell_set_fchannel(c, trilerp(tl, tr, bl, nointerpolate));
      cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 1, 0);
      egc = "▛";
    }else{
      return NULL; // no transparency
    }
  }
  assert(egc);
  nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
  if(*egc == '\0'){
    nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
  }else if(blendcolors){
    nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
  }
//fprintf(stderr, "QBQ: 0x%x\n", cell_blittedquadrants(c));
  return egc;
}

// quadrant blitter. maps 2x2 to each cell. since we only have two colors at
// our disposal (foreground and background), we lose some fidelity.
static inline int
quadrant_blit(ncplane* nc, int linesize, const void* data, int leny, int lenx,
              const blitterargs* bargs){
  const unsigned nointerpolate = bargs->flags & NCVISUAL_OPTION_NOINTERPOLATE;
  const bool blendcolors = bargs->flags & NCVISUAL_OPTION_BLEND;
  unsigned dimy, dimx, x, y;
  int total = 0; // number of cells written
  ncplane_dim_yx(nc, &dimy, &dimx);
//fprintf(stderr, "quadblitter %dx%d -> %d/%d+%d/%d\n", leny, lenx, dimy, dimx, bargs->u.cell.placey, bargs->u.cell.placex);
  // FIXME not going to necessarily be safe on all architectures hrmmm
  const unsigned char* dat = data;
  int visy = bargs->begy;
  for(y = bargs->u.cell.placey ; visy < (bargs->begy + leny) && y < dimy ; ++y, visy += 2){
    if(ncplane_cursor_move_yx(nc, y, bargs->u.cell.placex < 0 ? 0 : bargs->u.cell.placex)){
      return -1;
    }
    int visx = bargs->begx;
    for(x = bargs->u.cell.placex ; visx < (bargs->begx + lenx) && x < dimx ; ++x, visx += 2){
      const unsigned char* rgbbase_tl = dat + (linesize * visy) + (visx * 4);
      const unsigned char* rgbbase_tr = zeroes;
      const unsigned char* rgbbase_bl = zeroes;
      const unsigned char* rgbbase_br = zeroes;
      if(visx < bargs->begx + lenx - 1){
        rgbbase_tr = dat + (linesize * visy) + ((visx + 1) * 4);
        if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 1){
          rgbbase_br = dat + (linesize * (visy + 1)) + ((visx + 1) * 4);
        }
      }
      if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 1){
        rgbbase_bl = dat + (linesize * (visy + 1)) + (visx * 4);
      }
//fprintf(stderr, "[%04d/%04d] lsize: %d %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", y, x, linesize, rgbbase_tl[0], rgbbase_tr[1], rgbbase_bl[2], rgbbase_br[3]);
      nccell* c = ncplane_cell_ref_yx(nc, y, x);
      c->channels = 0;
      c->stylemask = 0;
      const char* egc = qtrans_check(c, blendcolors, rgbbase_tl, rgbbase_tr,
                                     rgbbase_bl, rgbbase_br, bargs->transcolor,
                                     nointerpolate);
      if(egc == NULL){
        uint32_t tl = 0, tr = 0, bl = 0, br = 0;
        ncchannel_set_rgb8(&tl, rgbbase_tl[0], rgbbase_tl[1], rgbbase_tl[2]);
        ncchannel_set_rgb8(&tr, rgbbase_tr[0], rgbbase_tr[1], rgbbase_tr[2]);
        ncchannel_set_rgb8(&bl, rgbbase_bl[0], rgbbase_bl[1], rgbbase_bl[2]);
        ncchannel_set_rgb8(&br, rgbbase_br[0], rgbbase_br[1], rgbbase_br[2]);
        uint32_t bg, fg;
//fprintf(stderr, "qtrans check: %d/%d\n%08x %08x\n%08x %08x\n", y, x, *(const uint32_t*)rgbbase_tl, *(const uint32_t*)rgbbase_tr, *(const uint32_t*)rgbbase_bl, *(const uint32_t*)rgbbase_br);
        egc = quadrant_solver(tl, tr, bl, br, &fg, &bg, nointerpolate);
        assert(egc);
//fprintf(stderr, "%d/%d %08x/%08x\n", y, x, fg, bg);
        cell_set_fchannel(c, fg);
        cell_set_bchannel(c, bg);
        if(blendcolors){
          nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
          nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
        }
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 1, 1);
      }
      if(*egc){
        if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, egc, strlen(egc), 1) <= 0){
          return -1;
        }
        ++total;
      }
    }
  }
  return total;
}

// Solve for the cell rendered by this 3x2 sample. None of the input pixels may
// be transparent (that ought already have been handled). We use exhaustive
// search, which might be quite computationally intensive for the worst case
// (all six pixels are different colors). We want to solve for the 2-partition
// of pixels that minimizes total source distance from the resulting lerps.
static const char*
sex_solver(const uint32_t rgbas[6], uint64_t* channels, unsigned blendcolors,
           unsigned nointerpolate){
  // each element within the set of 64 has an inverse element within the set,
  // for which we would calculate the same total differences, so just handle
  // the first 32. the partition[] bit masks represent combinations of
  // sextants, and their indices correspond to sex[].
  static const char* sex[32] = {
    " ", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", // 0..7
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", // 8..15
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", // 16..23
    "��", "��", "��", "▌", "��", "��", "��", "��", // 24..31
  };
  static const unsigned partitions[32] = {
    0, // 1 way to arrange 0
    1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, // 6 ways to arrange 1
    3, 5, 9, 17, 33, 6, 10, 18, 34, 12, 20, 36, 24, 40, 48, // 15 ways for 2
    //  16 ways to arrange 3, *but* six of them are inverses, so 10
    7, 11, 19, 35, 13, 21, 37, 25, 41, 14 //  10 + 15 + 6 + 1 == 32
  };
  // we loop over the bitstrings, dividing the pixels into two sets, and then
  // taking a general lerp over each set. we then compute the sum of absolute
  // differences, and see if it's the new minimum.
  int best = -1;
  uint32_t mindiff = UINT_MAX;
//fprintf(stderr, "%06x %06x\n%06x %06x\n%06x %06x\n", rgbas[0], rgbas[1], rgbas[2], rgbas[3], rgbas[4], rgbas[5]);
  for(size_t glyph = 0 ; glyph < sizeof(partitions) / sizeof(*partitions) ; ++glyph){
    unsigned rsum0 = 0, rsum1 = 0;
    unsigned gsum0 = 0, gsum1 = 0;
    unsigned bsum0 = 0, bsum1 = 0;
    int insum = 0;
    int outsum = 0;
    for(unsigned mask = 0 ; mask < 6 ; ++mask){
      if(partitions[glyph] & (1u << mask)){
        if(!nointerpolate || !insum){
          rsum0 += ncpixel_r(rgbas[mask]);
          gsum0 += ncpixel_g(rgbas[mask]);
          bsum0 += ncpixel_b(rgbas[mask]);
          ++insum;
        }
      }else{
        if(!nointerpolate || !outsum){
          rsum1 += ncpixel_r(rgbas[mask]);
          gsum1 += ncpixel_g(rgbas[mask]);
          bsum1 += ncpixel_b(rgbas[mask]);
          ++outsum;
        }
      }
    }
    uint32_t l0 = generalerp(rsum0, gsum0, bsum0, insum);
    uint32_t l1 = generalerp(rsum1, gsum1, bsum1, outsum);
//fprintf(stderr, "sum0: %06x sum1: %06x insum: %d\n", l0 & 0xffffffu, l1 & 0xffffffu, insum);
    uint32_t totaldiff = 0;
    for(unsigned mask = 0 ; mask < 6 ; ++mask){
      unsigned r, g, b;
      if(partitions[glyph] & (1u << mask)){
        ncchannel_rgb8(l0, &r, &g, &b);
      }else{
        ncchannel_rgb8(l1, &r, &g, &b);
      }
      uint32_t rdiff = rgb_diff(ncpixel_r(rgbas[mask]), ncpixel_g(rgbas[mask]),
                                ncpixel_b(rgbas[mask]), r, g, b);
      totaldiff += rdiff;
//fprintf(stderr, "mask: %u totaldiff: %u insum: %d (%08x / %08x)\n", mask, totaldiff, insum, l0, l1);
    }
//fprintf(stderr, "bits: %u %zu totaldiff: %f best: %f (%d)\n", partitions[glyph], glyph, totaldiff, mindiff, best);
    if(totaldiff < mindiff){
      mindiff = totaldiff;
      best = glyph;
      ncchannels_set_fchannel(channels, l0);
      ncchannels_set_bchannel(channels, l1);
    }
    if(totaldiff == 0){ // can't beat that!
      break;
    }
  }
//fprintf(stderr, "solved for best: %d (%u)\n", best, mindiff);
  assert(best >= 0 && best < 32);
  if(blendcolors){
    ncchannels_set_fg_alpha(channels, NCALPHA_BLEND);
    ncchannels_set_bg_alpha(channels, NCALPHA_BLEND);
  }
  return sex[best];
}

static const char*
sex_trans_check(nccell* c, const uint32_t rgbas[6], unsigned blendcolors,
                uint32_t transcolor, unsigned nointerpolate){
  // bit is *set* where sextant *is not*
  // 32: bottom right 16: bottom left
  //  8: middle right  4: middle left
  //  2: upper right   1: upper left
  static const char* sex[64] = {
    "█", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��",
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��",
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "▐", "��", "��",
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��",
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��",
    "��", "��", "▌", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��",
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��",
    "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", "��", " ",
  };
  unsigned transstring = 0;
  unsigned r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
  unsigned div = 0;
  for(unsigned mask = 0 ; mask < 6 ; ++mask){
    if(rgba_trans_p(rgbas[mask], transcolor)){
      transstring |= (1u << mask);
    }else if(!nointerpolate || !div){
      r += ncpixel_r(rgbas[mask]);
      g += ncpixel_g(rgbas[mask]);
      b += ncpixel_b(rgbas[mask]);
      ++div;
    }
  }
  if(transstring == 0){ // there was no transparency
    return NULL;
  }
  nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
  // there were some transparent pixels. since they get priority, the foreground
  // is just a general lerp across non-transparent pixels.
  const char* egc = sex[transstring];
  nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
//fprintf(stderr, "transtring: %u egc: %s\n", transtring, egc);
  if(*egc == ' '){ // entirely transparent
    nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
    return "";
  }else{ // partially transparent, thus div >= 1
//fprintf(stderr, "div: %u r: %u g: %u b: %u\n", div, r, g, b);
    cell_set_fchannel(c, generalerp(r, g, b, div));
    if(blendcolors){
      nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
    }
    cell_set_blitquadrants(c, !(transstring & 5u), !(transstring & 10u),
                              !(transstring & 20u), !(transstring & 40u));
  }
//fprintf(stderr, "SEX-BQ: 0x%x\n", cell_blittedquadrants(c));
  return egc;
}

// sextant blitter. maps 3x2 to each cell. since we only have two colors at
// our disposal (foreground and background), we lose some fidelity.
static inline int
sextant_blit(ncplane* nc, int linesize, const void* data, int leny, int lenx,
             const blitterargs* bargs){
  const unsigned nointerpolate = bargs->flags & NCVISUAL_OPTION_NOINTERPOLATE;
  const bool blendcolors = bargs->flags & NCVISUAL_OPTION_BLEND;
  unsigned dimy, dimx, x, y;
  int total = 0; // number of cells written
  ncplane_dim_yx(nc, &dimy, &dimx);
//fprintf(stderr, "sexblitter %dx%d -> %d/%d+%d/%d\n", leny, lenx, dimy, dimx, bargs->u.cell.placey, bargs->u.cell.placex);
  const unsigned char* dat = data;
  int visy = bargs->begy;
  for(y = bargs->u.cell.placey ; visy < (bargs->begy + leny) && y < dimy ; ++y, visy += 3){
    if(ncplane_cursor_move_yx(nc, y, bargs->u.cell.placex < 0 ? 0 : bargs->u.cell.placex)){
      return -1;
    }
    int visx = bargs->begx;
    for(x = bargs->u.cell.placex ; visx < (bargs->begx + lenx) && x < dimx ; ++x, visx += 2){
      uint32_t rgbas[6] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
      memcpy(&rgbas[0], (dat + (linesize * visy) + (visx * 4)), sizeof(*rgbas));
      if(visx < bargs->begx + lenx - 1){
        memcpy(&rgbas[1], (dat + (linesize * visy) + ((visx + 1) * 4)), sizeof(*rgbas));
        if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 1){
          memcpy(&rgbas[3], (dat + (linesize * (visy + 1)) + ((visx + 1) * 4)), sizeof(*rgbas));
          if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 2){
            memcpy(&rgbas[5], (dat + (linesize * (visy + 2)) + ((visx + 1) * 4)), sizeof(*rgbas));
          }
        }
      }
      if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 1){
        memcpy(&rgbas[2], (dat + (linesize * (visy + 1)) + (visx * 4)), sizeof(*rgbas));
        if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 2){
          memcpy(&rgbas[4], (dat + (linesize * (visy + 2)) + (visx * 4)), sizeof(*rgbas));
        }
      }
      nccell* c = ncplane_cell_ref_yx(nc, y, x);
      c->channels = 0;
      c->stylemask = 0;
      const char* egc = sex_trans_check(c, rgbas, blendcolors, bargs->transcolor, nointerpolate);
      if(egc == NULL){ // no transparency; run a full solver
        egc = sex_solver(rgbas, &c->channels, blendcolors, nointerpolate);
        cell_set_blitquadrants(c, 1, 1, 1, 1);
      }
//fprintf(stderr, "sex EGC: %s channels: %016lx\n", egc, c->channels);
      if(*egc){
        if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, egc, strlen(egc), 1) <= 0){
          return -1;
        }
        ++total;
      }
    }
  }
  return total;
}

// fold the r, g, and b components of the pixel into *r, *g, and *b, and
// increment *foldcount
static inline void
fold_rgb8(unsigned* restrict r, unsigned* restrict g, unsigned* restrict b,
          const uint32_t* pixel, unsigned* foldcount){
  *r += ncpixel_r(*pixel);
  *g += ncpixel_g(*pixel);
  *b += ncpixel_b(*pixel);
  ++*foldcount;
}

// Braille blitter. maps 4x2 to each cell. since we only have one color at
// our disposal (foreground), we lose some fidelity. this is optimal for
// visuals with only two colors in a given area, as it packs lots of
// resolution. always transparent background.
static inline int
braille_blit(ncplane* nc, int linesize, const void* data, int leny, int lenx,
             const blitterargs* bargs){
  const bool blendcolors = bargs->flags & NCVISUAL_OPTION_BLEND;
  unsigned dimy, dimx, x, y;
  int total = 0; // number of cells written
  ncplane_dim_yx(nc, &dimy, &dimx);
  // FIXME not going to necessarily be safe on all architectures hrmmm
  const unsigned char* dat = data;
  int visy = bargs->begy;
  for(y = bargs->u.cell.placey ; visy < (bargs->begy + leny) && y < dimy ; ++y, visy += 4){
    if(ncplane_cursor_move_yx(nc, y, bargs->u.cell.placex < 0 ? 0 : bargs->u.cell.placex)){
      return -1;
    }
    int visx = bargs->begx;
    for(x = bargs->u.cell.placex ; visx < (bargs->begx + lenx) && x < dimx ; ++x, visx += 2){
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_l0 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * visy) + (visx * 4));
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_r0 = &zeroes32;
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_l1 = &zeroes32;
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_r1 = &zeroes32;
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_l2 = &zeroes32;
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_r2 = &zeroes32;
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_l3 = &zeroes32;
      const uint32_t* rgbbase_r3 = &zeroes32;
      unsigned r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
      unsigned blends = 0;
      unsigned egcidx = 0;
      if(visx < bargs->begx + lenx - 1){
        rgbbase_r0 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * visy) + ((visx + 1) * 4));
        if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 1){
          rgbbase_r1 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * (visy + 1)) + ((visx + 1) * 4));
          if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 2){
            rgbbase_r2 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * (visy + 2)) + ((visx + 1) * 4));
            if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 3){
              rgbbase_r3 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * (visy + 3)) + ((visx + 1) * 4));
            }
          }
        }
      }
      if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 1){
        rgbbase_l1 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * (visy + 1)) + (visx * 4));
        if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 2){
          rgbbase_l2 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * (visy + 2)) + (visx * 4));
          if(visy < bargs->begy + leny - 3){
            rgbbase_l3 = (const uint32_t*)(dat + (linesize * (visy + 3)) + (visx * 4));
          }
        }
      }
      // braille block is ordered (where 1 is the LSB)
      //  1 4
      //  2 5
      //  3 6
      //  4 7
      // FIXME fold this into the above?
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_l0, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 1u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_l0, &blends);
      }
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_l1, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 2u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_l1, &blends);
      }
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_l2, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 4u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_l2, &blends);
      }
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_r0, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 8u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_r0, &blends);
      }
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_r1, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 16u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_r1, &blends);
      }
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_r2, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 32u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_r2, &blends);
      }
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_l3, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 64u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_l3, &blends);
      }
      if(!rgba_trans_p(*rgbbase_r3, bargs->transcolor)){
        egcidx |= 128u;
        fold_rgb8(&r, &g, &b, rgbbase_r3, &blends);
      }
//fprintf(stderr, "[%04d/%04d] lsize: %d %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", y, x, linesize, rgbbase_up[0], rgbbase_up[1], rgbbase_up[2], rgbbase_up[3]);
      nccell* c = ncplane_cell_ref_yx(nc, y, x);
      // use the default for the background, as that's the only way it's
      // effective in that case anyway
      c->channels = 0;
      c->stylemask = 0;
      if(blendcolors){
        nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_BLEND);
      }
      // FIXME for now, we just sample, color-wise, and always draw crap.
      // more complicated to do optimally than quadrants, for sure. ideally,
      // we only get one color in an area.
      nccell_set_bg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
      if(!egcidx){
          nccell_set_fg_alpha(c, NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT);
          // FIXME else look for pairs of transparency!
      }else{
        if(blends){
          nccell_set_fg_rgb8(c, r / blends, g / blends, b / blends);
        }
        // UTF-8 encodings of the Braille Patterns are always 0xe2 0xaX 0xCC,
        // where 0 <= X <= 3 and 0x80 <= CC <= 0xbf (4 groups of 64).
        char egc[4] = { 0xe2, 0xa0, 0x80, 0x00 };
        egc[2] += egcidx % 64;
        egc[1] += egcidx / 64;
        if(pool_blit_direct(&nc->pool, c, egc, strlen(egc), 1) <= 0){
          return -1;
        }
      }
      ++total;
    }
  }
  return total;
}

// NCBLIT_DEFAULT is not included, as it has no defined properties. It ought
// be replaced with some real blitter implementation by the calling widget.
// The order of contents is critical for 'egcs': ncplane_as_rgba() uses these
// arrays to map cells to source pixels. Map the upper-left logical bit to
// 1, and increase to the right, followed by down. The first egc ought thus
// always be space, to indicate an empty cell (all zeroes). These need be
// kept in the same order as the enums!
static struct blitset notcurses_blitters[] = {
   { .geom = NCBLIT_1x1,     .width = 1, .height = 1,
     .egcs = L" █", .plotegcs = L" █",
     .blit = tria_blit_ascii,.name = "ascii",         .fill = false, },
   { .geom = NCBLIT_2x1,     .width = 1, .height = 2,
     .egcs = NCHALFBLOCKS,   .plotegcs = L" ▄█",
     .blit = tria_blit,      .name = "half",          .fill = false, },
   { .geom = NCBLIT_2x2,     .width = 2, .height = 2,
     .egcs = NCQUADBLOCKS,   .plotegcs = L" ▗▐▖▄▟▌▙█",
     .blit = quadrant_blit,  .name = "quad",          .fill = false, },
   { .geom = NCBLIT_3x2,     .width = 2, .height = 3,
     .egcs = NCSEXBLOCKS,    .plotegcs = L" ����▐����������������▌����█",
     .blit = sextant_blit,   .name = "sex",           .fill = false, },
   { .geom = NCBLIT_BRAILLE, .width = 2, .height = 4,
     .egcs = NCBRAILLEEGCS,
     .plotegcs = L"⠀⢀⢠⢰⢸⡀⣀⣠⣰⣸⡄⣄⣤⣴⣼⡆⣆⣦⣶⣾⡇⣇⣧⣷⣿",
     .blit = braille_blit,   .name = "braille",       .fill = true,  },
   { .geom = NCBLIT_PIXEL,   .width = 1, .height = 1,
     .egcs = L"", .plotegcs = NULL,
     .blit = NULL,           .name = "pixel",         .fill = true,  },
   { .geom = NCBLIT_4x1,     .width = 1, .height = 4,
     .egcs = NULL, .plotegcs = L" ▂▄▆█",
     .blit = tria_blit,      .name = "fourstep",      .fill = false, },
   { .geom = NCBLIT_8x1,     .width = 1, .height = 8,
     .egcs = NULL, .plotegcs = NCEIGHTHSB,
     .blit = tria_blit,      .name = "eightstep",     .fill = false, },
   { .geom = 0,              .width = 0, .height = 0,
     .egcs = NULL, .plotegcs = NULL,
     .blit = NULL,           .name = NULL,            .fill = false,  },
};

void set_pixel_blitter(ncblitter blitfxn){
  struct blitset* b = notcurses_blitters;
  while(b->geom != NCBLIT_PIXEL){
    ++b;
  }
  b->blit = blitfxn;
}

const struct blitset* lookup_blitset(const tinfo* tcache, ncblitter_e setid,
                                     bool may_degrade){
  if(setid == NCBLIT_DEFAULT){ // ought have resolved NCBLIT_DEFAULT before now
    return NULL;
  }
  // without braille support, NCBLIT_BRAILLE decays to NCBLIT_3x2
  if(setid == NCBLIT_BRAILLE){
    if(tcache->caps.braille){
      return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
    }else if(!may_degrade){
      return NULL;
    }
    setid = NCBLIT_3x2;
  }
  // without bitmap support, NCBLIT_PIXEL decays to NCBLIT_3x2
  if(setid == NCBLIT_PIXEL){
    if(tcache->pixel_draw || tcache->pixel_draw_late){
      return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
    }else if(!may_degrade){
      return NULL;
    }
    setid = NCBLIT_3x2;
  }
  // without eighths support, NCBLIT_8x1 decays to NCBLIT_4x1
  if(setid == NCBLIT_8x1){ // plotter only
    if(tcache->caps.quadrants){
       return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
    }else if(!may_degrade){
      return NULL;
    }
    setid = NCBLIT_4x1;
  }
  // without quarters support, NCBLIT_4x1 decays to NCBLIT_2x1
  if(setid == NCBLIT_4x1){ // plotter only
    if(tcache->caps.quadrants){
       return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
    }else if(!may_degrade){
      return NULL;
    }
    setid = NCBLIT_2x1;
  }
  // without sextant support, NCBLIT_3x2 decays to NCBLIT_2x2
  if(setid == NCBLIT_3x2){
    if(tcache->caps.sextants){
       return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
    }else if(!may_degrade){
      return NULL;
    }
    setid = NCBLIT_2x2;
  }
  // without quadrant support, NCBLIT_2x2 decays to NCBLIT_2x1
  if(setid == NCBLIT_2x2){
    if(tcache->caps.quadrants){
       return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
    }else if(!may_degrade){
      return NULL;
    }
    setid = NCBLIT_2x1;
  }
  // without halfblock support, NCBLIT_2x1 decays to NCBLIT_1x1
  if(setid == NCBLIT_2x1){
    if(tcache->caps.halfblocks){
       return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
    }else if(!may_degrade){
      return NULL;
    }
    setid = NCBLIT_1x1;
  }
  assert(NCBLIT_1x1 == setid);
  return &notcurses_blitters[setid - 1];
}

int notcurses_lex_blitter(const char* op, ncblitter_e* blitfxn){
  const struct blitset* bset = notcurses_blitters;
  while(bset->name){
    if(strcasecmp(bset->name, op) == 0){
      *blitfxn = bset->geom;
      return 0;
    }
    ++bset;
  }
  if(strcasecmp("default", op) == 0){
    *blitfxn = NCBLIT_DEFAULT;
    return 0;
  }
  return -1;
}

const char* notcurses_str_blitter(ncblitter_e blitfxn){
  if(blitfxn == NCBLIT_DEFAULT){
    return "default";
  }
  const struct blitset* bset = notcurses_blitters;
  while(bset->name){
    if(bset->geom == blitfxn){
      return bset->name;
    }
    ++bset;
  }
  return NULL;
}

int ncblit_bgrx(const void* data, int linesize, const struct ncvisual_options* vopts){
  if(vopts->leny <= 0 || vopts->lenx <= 0){
    logerror("invalid lenghts %u %u\n", vopts->leny, vopts->lenx);
    return -1;
  }
  if(vopts->n == NULL){
    logerror("prohibited null plane\n");
    return -1;
  }
  void* rdata = bgra_to_rgba(data, vopts->leny, &linesize, vopts->lenx, 0xff);
  if(rdata == NULL){
    return -1;
  }
  int r = ncblit_rgba(rdata, linesize, vopts);
  free(rdata);
  return r;
}

int ncblit_rgb_loose(const void* data, int linesize,
                     const struct ncvisual_options* vopts, int alpha){
  if(vopts->leny <= 0 || vopts->lenx <= 0){
    return -1;
  }
  void* rdata = rgb_loose_to_rgba(data, vopts->leny, &linesize, vopts->lenx, alpha);
  if(rdata == NULL){
    return -1;
  }
  int r = ncblit_rgba(rdata, linesize, vopts);
  free(rdata);
  return r;
}

int ncblit_rgb_packed(const void* data, int linesize,
                      const struct ncvisual_options* vopts, int alpha){
  if(vopts->leny <= 0 || vopts->lenx <= 0){
    return -1;
  }
  void* rdata = rgb_packed_to_rgba(data, vopts->leny, &linesize, vopts->lenx, alpha);
  if(rdata == NULL){
    return -1;
  }
  int r = ncblit_rgba(rdata, linesize, vopts);
  free(rdata);
  return r;
}

int ncblit_rgba(const void* data, int linesize, const struct ncvisual_options* vopts){
  if(vopts->leny <= 0 || vopts->lenx <= 0){
    logerror("invalid lenghts %u %u\n", vopts->leny, vopts->lenx);
    return -1;
  }
  if(vopts->n == NULL){
    logerror("prohibited null plane\n");
    return -1;
  }
  struct ncvisual* ncv = ncvisual_from_rgba(data, vopts->leny, linesize, vopts->lenx);
  if(ncv == NULL){
    return -1;
  }
  if(ncvisual_blit(ncplane_notcurses(vopts->n), ncv, vopts) == NULL){
    ncvisual_destroy(ncv);
    return -1;
  }
  ncvisual_destroy(ncv);
  return 0;
}

ncblitter_e ncvisual_media_defblitter(const notcurses* nc, ncscale_e scale){
  return rgba_blitter_default(&nc->tcache, scale);
}