1 //===-- UserExpression.h ----------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #ifndef LLDB_EXPRESSION_USEREXPRESSION_H
10 #define LLDB_EXPRESSION_USEREXPRESSION_H
11 
12 #include <memory>
13 #include <string>
14 #include <vector>
15 
16 #include "lldb/Core/Address.h"
17 #include "lldb/Expression/Expression.h"
18 #include "lldb/Expression/Materializer.h"
19 #include "lldb/Target/ExecutionContext.h"
20 #include "lldb/Target/Target.h"
21 #include "lldb/lldb-forward.h"
22 #include "lldb/lldb-private.h"
23 
24 namespace lldb_private {
25 
26 /// \class UserExpression UserExpression.h "lldb/Expression/UserExpression.h"
27 /// Encapsulates a one-time expression for use in lldb.
28 ///
29 /// LLDB uses expressions for various purposes, notably to call functions
30 /// and as a backend for the expr command.  UserExpression is a virtual base
31 /// class that encapsulates the objects needed to parse and interpret or
32 /// JIT an expression.  The actual parsing part will be provided by the specific
33 /// implementations of UserExpression - which will be vended through the
34 /// appropriate TypeSystem.
35 class UserExpression : public Expression {
36   /// LLVM RTTI support.
37   static char ID;
38 
39 public:
isA(const void * ClassID)40   bool isA(const void *ClassID) const override { return ClassID == &ID; }
classof(const Expression * obj)41   static bool classof(const Expression *obj) { return obj->isA(&ID); }
42 
43   enum { kDefaultTimeout = 500000u };
44 
45   /// Constructor
46   ///
47   /// \param[in] expr
48   ///     The expression to parse.
49   ///
50   /// \param[in] language
51   ///     If not eLanguageTypeUnknown, a language to use when parsing
52   ///     the expression.  Currently restricted to those languages
53   ///     supported by Clang.
54   ///
55   /// \param[in] desired_type
56   ///     If not eResultTypeAny, the type to use for the expression
57   ///     result.
58   UserExpression(ExecutionContextScope &exe_scope, llvm::StringRef expr,
59                  llvm::StringRef prefix, lldb::LanguageType language,
60                  ResultType desired_type,
61                  const EvaluateExpressionOptions &options);
62 
63   /// Destructor
64   ~UserExpression() override;
65 
66   /// Parse the expression
67   ///
68   /// \param[in] diagnostic_manager
69   ///     A diagnostic manager to report parse errors and warnings to.
70   ///
71   /// \param[in] exe_ctx
72   ///     The execution context to use when looking up entities that
73   ///     are needed for parsing (locations of functions, types of
74   ///     variables, persistent variables, etc.)
75   ///
76   /// \param[in] execution_policy
77   ///     Determines whether interpretation is possible or mandatory.
78   ///
79   /// \param[in] keep_result_in_memory
80   ///     True if the resulting persistent variable should reside in
81   ///     target memory, if applicable.
82   ///
83   /// \return
84   ///     True on success (no errors); false otherwise.
85   virtual bool Parse(DiagnosticManager &diagnostic_manager,
86                      ExecutionContext &exe_ctx,
87                      lldb_private::ExecutionPolicy execution_policy,
88                      bool keep_result_in_memory, bool generate_debug_info) = 0;
89 
90   /// Attempts to find possible command line completions for the given
91   /// (possible incomplete) user expression.
92   ///
93   /// \param[in] exe_ctx
94   ///     The execution context to use when looking up entities that
95   ///     are needed for parsing and completing (locations of functions, types
96   ///     of variables, persistent variables, etc.)
97   ///
98   /// \param[out] request
99   ///     The completion request to fill out. The completion should be a string
100   ///     that would complete the current token at the cursor position.
101   ///     Note that the string in the list replaces the current token
102   ///     in the command line.
103   ///
104   /// \param[in] complete_pos
105   ///     The position of the cursor inside the user expression string.
106   ///     The completion process starts on the token that the cursor is in.
107   ///
108   /// \return
109   ///     True if we added any completion results to the output;
110   ///     false otherwise.
Complete(ExecutionContext & exe_ctx,CompletionRequest & request,unsigned complete_pos)111   virtual bool Complete(ExecutionContext &exe_ctx, CompletionRequest &request,
112                         unsigned complete_pos) {
113     return false;
114   }
115 
116   virtual bool CanInterpret() = 0;
117 
118   bool MatchesContext(ExecutionContext &exe_ctx);
119 
120   /// Execute the parsed expression by callinng the derived class's DoExecute
121   /// method.
122   ///
123   /// \param[in] diagnostic_manager
124   ///     A diagnostic manager to report errors to.
125   ///
126   /// \param[in] exe_ctx
127   ///     The execution context to use when looking up entities that
128   ///     are needed for parsing (locations of variables, etc.)
129   ///
130   /// \param[in] options
131   ///     Expression evaluation options.
132   ///
133   /// \param[in] shared_ptr_to_me
134   ///     This is a shared pointer to this UserExpression.  This is
135   ///     needed because Execute can push a thread plan that will hold onto
136   ///     the UserExpression for an unbounded period of time.  So you
137   ///     need to give the thread plan a reference to this object that can
138   ///     keep it alive.
139   ///
140   /// \param[in] result
141   ///     A pointer to direct at the persistent variable in which the
142   ///     expression's result is stored.
143   ///
144   /// \return
145   ///     A Process::Execution results value.
146   lldb::ExpressionResults Execute(DiagnosticManager &diagnostic_manager,
147                                   ExecutionContext &exe_ctx,
148                                   const EvaluateExpressionOptions &options,
149                                   lldb::UserExpressionSP &shared_ptr_to_me,
150                                   lldb::ExpressionVariableSP &result);
151 
152   /// Apply the side effects of the function to program state.
153   ///
154   /// \param[in] diagnostic_manager
155   ///     A diagnostic manager to report errors to.
156   ///
157   /// \param[in] exe_ctx
158   ///     The execution context to use when looking up entities that
159   ///     are needed for parsing (locations of variables, etc.)
160   ///
161   /// \param[in] result
162   ///     A pointer to direct at the persistent variable in which the
163   ///     expression's result is stored.
164   ///
165   /// \param[in] function_stack_bottom
166   ///     A pointer to the bottom of the function's stack frame.  This
167   ///     is used to determine whether the expression result resides in
168   ///     memory that will still be valid, or whether it needs to be
169   ///     treated as homeless for the purpose of future expressions.
170   ///
171   /// \param[in] function_stack_top
172   ///     A pointer to the top of the function's stack frame.  This
173   ///     is used to determine whether the expression result resides in
174   ///     memory that will still be valid, or whether it needs to be
175   ///     treated as homeless for the purpose of future expressions.
176   ///
177   /// \return
178   ///     A Process::Execution results value.
179   virtual bool FinalizeJITExecution(
180       DiagnosticManager &diagnostic_manager, ExecutionContext &exe_ctx,
181       lldb::ExpressionVariableSP &result,
182       lldb::addr_t function_stack_bottom = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS,
183       lldb::addr_t function_stack_top = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) = 0;
184 
185   /// Return the string that the parser should parse.
Text()186   const char *Text() override { return m_expr_text.c_str(); }
187 
188   /// Return the string that the user typed.
GetUserText()189   const char *GetUserText() { return m_expr_text.c_str(); }
190 
191   /// Return the function name that should be used for executing the
192   /// expression.  Text() should contain the definition of this function.
FunctionName()193   const char *FunctionName() override { return "$__lldb_expr"; }
194 
195   /// Return the language that should be used when parsing.  To use the
196   /// default, return eLanguageTypeUnknown.
Language()197   lldb::LanguageType Language() const override { return m_language; }
198 
199   /// Return the desired result type of the function, or eResultTypeAny if
200   /// indifferent.
DesiredResultType()201   ResultType DesiredResultType() override { return m_desired_type; }
202 
203   /// Return true if validation code should be inserted into the expression.
NeedsValidation()204   bool NeedsValidation() override { return true; }
205 
206   /// Return true if external variables in the expression should be resolved.
NeedsVariableResolution()207   bool NeedsVariableResolution() override { return true; }
208 
GetOptions()209   EvaluateExpressionOptions *GetOptions() override { return &m_options; }
210 
211   virtual lldb::ExpressionVariableSP
GetResultAfterDematerialization(ExecutionContextScope * exe_scope)212   GetResultAfterDematerialization(ExecutionContextScope *exe_scope) {
213     return lldb::ExpressionVariableSP();
214   }
215 
216   /// Evaluate one expression in the scratch context of the target passed in
217   /// the exe_ctx and return its result.
218   ///
219   /// \param[in] exe_ctx
220   ///     The execution context to use when evaluating the expression.
221   ///
222   /// \param[in] options
223   ///     Expression evaluation options.  N.B. The language in the
224   ///     evaluation options will be used to determine the language used for
225   ///     expression evaluation.
226   ///
227   /// \param[in] expr_cstr
228   ///     A C string containing the expression to be evaluated.
229   ///
230   /// \param[in] expr_prefix
231   ///     If non-nullptr, a C string containing translation-unit level
232   ///     definitions to be included when the expression is parsed.
233   ///
234   /// \param[in,out] result_valobj_sp
235   ///      If execution is successful, the result valobj is placed here.
236   ///
237   /// \param[out] error
238   ///     Filled in with an error in case the expression evaluation
239   ///     fails to parse, run, or evaluated.
240   ///
241   /// \param[out] fixed_expression
242   ///     If non-nullptr, the fixed expression is copied into the provided
243   ///     string.
244   ///
245   /// \param[in] ctx_obj
246   ///     If specified, then the expression will be evaluated in the context of
247   ///     this object. It means that the context object's address will be
248   ///     treated as `this` for the expression (the expression will be
249   ///     evaluated as if it was inside of a method of the context object's
250   ///     class, and its `this` parameter were pointing to the context object).
251   ///     The parameter makes sense for class and union types only.
252   ///     Currently there is a limitation: the context object must be located
253   ///     in the debuggee process' memory (and have the load address).
254   ///
255   /// \result
256   ///      A Process::ExpressionResults value.  eExpressionCompleted for
257   ///      success.
258   static lldb::ExpressionResults
259   Evaluate(ExecutionContext &exe_ctx, const EvaluateExpressionOptions &options,
260            llvm::StringRef expr_cstr, llvm::StringRef expr_prefix,
261            lldb::ValueObjectSP &result_valobj_sp, Status &error,
262            std::string *fixed_expression = nullptr,
263            ValueObject *ctx_obj = nullptr);
264 
265   static const Status::ValueType kNoResult =
266       0x1001; ///< ValueObject::GetError() returns this if there is no result
267               /// from the expression.
268 
GetFixedText()269   llvm::StringRef GetFixedText() {
270     return m_fixed_text;
271   }
272 
273 protected:
274   virtual lldb::ExpressionResults
275   DoExecute(DiagnosticManager &diagnostic_manager, ExecutionContext &exe_ctx,
276             const EvaluateExpressionOptions &options,
277             lldb::UserExpressionSP &shared_ptr_to_me,
278             lldb::ExpressionVariableSP &result) = 0;
279 
280   static lldb::addr_t GetObjectPointer(lldb::StackFrameSP frame_sp,
281                                        ConstString &object_name, Status &err);
282 
283   /// Return ValueObject for a given variable name in the current stack frame
284   ///
285   /// \param[in] frame Current stack frame. When passed a 'nullptr', this
286   ///                  function returns an empty ValueObjectSP.
287   ///
288   /// \param[in] object_name Name of the variable in the current stack frame
289   ///                        for which we want the ValueObjectSP.
290   ///
291   /// \param[out] err Status object which will get set on error.
292   ///
293   /// \returns On success returns a ValueObjectSP corresponding to the variable
294   ///          with 'object_name' in the current 'frame'. Otherwise, returns
295   ///          'nullptr' (and sets the error status parameter 'err').
296   static lldb::ValueObjectSP
297   GetObjectPointerValueObject(lldb::StackFrameSP frame,
298                               ConstString const &object_name, Status &err);
299 
300   /// Populate m_in_cplusplus_method and m_in_objectivec_method based on the
301   /// environment.
302 
303   void InstallContext(ExecutionContext &exe_ctx);
304 
305   bool LockAndCheckContext(ExecutionContext &exe_ctx, lldb::TargetSP &target_sp,
306                            lldb::ProcessSP &process_sp,
307                            lldb::StackFrameSP &frame_sp);
308 
309   Address m_address;       ///< The address the process is stopped in.
310   std::string m_expr_text; ///< The text of the expression, as typed by the user
311   std::string m_expr_prefix; ///< The text of the translation-level definitions,
312                              ///as provided by the user
313   std::string m_fixed_text; ///< The text of the expression with fix-its applied
314                             ///- this won't be set if the fixed text doesn't
315                             ///parse.
316   lldb::LanguageType m_language; ///< The language to use when parsing
317                                  ///(eLanguageTypeUnknown means use defaults)
318   ResultType m_desired_type; ///< The type to coerce the expression's result to.
319                              ///If eResultTypeAny, inferred from the expression.
320   EvaluateExpressionOptions
321       m_options; ///< Additional options provided by the user.
322 };
323 
324 } // namespace lldb_private
325 
326 #endif // LLDB_EXPRESSION_USEREXPRESSION_H
327