1HEBREW.305 17.04.1997 2-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Processing Hebrew with ArabTeX Version 3.05 4 =========================================== 5 These features are not yet described in the User Manual! 6-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 8 To process Hebrew input with ArabTeX, you have to load the Hebrew 9 extension "hebtex.sty" that will load several additional modules. 10 After ArabTeX has been loaded, proceed as follows: 11 12 - with LaTeX2e say: \usepackage {hebtex} 13 14 - with LaTeX 2.09: add the style option "hebtex". 15 16 - for use with Plain TeX, say "\input hebtex"; ArabTeX AND the 17 Hebrew extension will be loaded. 18 19 The extension provides a language mode \sethebrew, and several 20 common encodings of texts in Hebrew, that may be switched by 21 the \setcode command. One of the encodings is compatible with 22 Dov Grobgeld's editor HED, so files prepared for HebrewTeX are 23 supposed to be compatible, including most HebrewTeX commands 24 (the Hebrew date quite probably does NOT work correctly). 25 Hebrew "newcode" encoding probably works too, but has not yet 26 been tested. In addition, the standard ArabTeX encoding has been 27 extended to cater for Hebrew too. 28 29 Language switching: 30 31 - \sethebrew switches to Hebrew mode, \setarab back to Arabic. 32 Remember to switch the encoding and the vowelization mode too! 33 34 Standard encoding: 35 36 - \setcode {standard} or \setcode {arabtex} 37 switches to the standard encoding, defined as follows: 38 39 ' aleph b beth g gimel d daleth 40 h heh w waw z zayin _h chet 41 _t teth y yod k kaph l lamed 42 m mem n nun s samekh ` ayin 43 p peh .s sade q qof r resh 44 ,s sin ^s shin S s(h)in t taw 45 46 Note: without punctuation, sin, shin and s(h)in look identical; 47 otherwise "sin" has a dot to the left, "shin" has a dot to the 48 right, "s(h)in" is the form without a dot. 49 50 There are some alternative encodings for soft consonants: 51 52 v for b f for p 53 54 - \vocalize (default) switches on vowels and special punctuation; 55 \novocalize switches them off again. 56 57 "dagesh lene" with "bgdkpt" and "mappiq" with "h" is expressed 58 by prefixing a dot: 59 ".b", ".g", ".d", ".k", ".p", ".t"; ".h" 60 61 Vowels are encoded as follows: 62 63 short long defective half 64 vowels vowels notation vowels 65 66 a pathach A qames .a chateph patach 67 e segol E sere yod _e sere .e chateph segol 68 i chireq I chireq yod .i shewa 69 o qames chatuph O cholem waw _o cholem .o chateph qames 70 u qibbus U shureq .u no vowel mark 71 72 The "matres lectionis" can also be written explicitly, e.g., 73 "_ey" for "E", "iy" for "I", "_ow" for "O" 74 75 - "patach furtivum" is written ".a" BEFORE its carrier: "rU.a_h". 76 77 - "dagesh forte" is expressed by doubling the consonant; thus two 78 equal consonants in sequence (even in \novocalize mode) must 79 be separated by some short vowel indicator (or ".u"), if the 80 standard encoding is used. 81 82 - "dagesh orthophonicum" is coded like "dagesh forte". 83 84 - "meteg" is indicated by | after the vowel. 85 86 - "maqqef" is -- (en-dash; a single hyphen will be ignored) 87 88 - Prefixes may be separated by a single hyphen, which appears in 89 the transcription without changing the Hebrew writing. 90 91 - For those rare cases where a consonant is missing, input "| 92 (quote bar); this may also carry vowels. 93 94 - "raphe" and cantillation marks are not supported. 95 96 Abbreviations may not be used in this mode as we know of no 97 obvious way of indicating them (sorry; any ideas ?). 98 99 Other encodings: 100 101 - \setcode {hed}, \setcode {newcode} or \setcode {iso8859-8} 102 activates the verbatim reading module for the Hebrew characters 103 in code positions 128 .. 154 as generated by HED, and also 104 in code positions 224 .. 250 ("newcode", ISO 8859-8). 105 106 If this encoding is used, vowel points, dagesh and meteg cannot 107 be used as they cannot be represented in the input encoding. 108 Abbreviations may be expressed by a single or double apostrophe 109 (right quote). The final and the medial forms of characters are 110 equivalent; ArabTeX chooses the appropriate shape automatically. 111 112 - setcode {bhs} switches to the encoding used in the machine- 113 readable version of BHS. Add "bhs" as a LaTeX style option, 114 or say \input bhs.sty. The line-breaks of the source are 115 (usually) respected. BHS line numbers and comments are only 116 partially supported. 117 118 Transcription systems: 119 120 - \transtrue activates the standard ZDMG transcription, and 121 there are provisions for additional transcription systems: 122 123 - \settrans {zaw) switches to the conventions of "Zeitschrift 124 fuer die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft" (recommended); 125 126 - \settrans {gesenius} activates the system used in W. Gesenius' 127 Hebrew Grammar, 26th edition (deprecated). 128 129 - \settrans {standard} restores the standard ZDMG transcription. 130 131 Fonts: 132 133 - Presently ArabTeX provides no own Hebrew font but uses the font 134 "hclassic" which can be downloaded e.g., from 135 136 ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex/fonts 137 ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/language/hebrew/fonts 138 ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/language/hebrew/fonts 139 140 This font has been designed by Joel Hoffman, who also wrote some 141 macro packages from which we took a few ideas for positioning 142 punctuation. 143 144 - If no vowel points are required, the standard fonts "DeadSea", 145 "OldJaffa", TelAviv", and "Jerusalem" can also be used. They 146 are activated by the commands \ds, \oj, \ta, \jm; \hc switches 147 to the default "hclassic" font. 148 149 - The "Shalom" family of fonts is activated by \shlmold, \shlmscr, 150 and \shlmstk. Their vowel points presently do NOT work. 151 152 - In case a font is not found but locally available, check and, 153 if required, correct the exact spelling of the font name within 154 the file "Uheb.fd". There are various variants on the Net. 155 156 - Comments and bug reports are welcome. 157 158-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 159 Prof. Klaus Lagally 160 Institut fuer Informatik 161 Universitaet Stuttgart 162 Breitwiesenstrasse 20-22 163 D-70565 Stuttgart 164 GERMANY 165 166 lagally@informatik.uni-stuttgart.de 167-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 168 Copyright (c) 1997, Klaus Lagally 169-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 170 171 172