1 /* ATTRIBUTE_* macros for using attributes in GCC and similar compilers
2 
3    Copyright 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 
5    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
7    by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
8    (at your option) any later version.
9 
10    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
13    General Public License for more details.
14 
15    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
17 
18 /* Written by Paul Eggert.  */
19 
20 /* Provide public ATTRIBUTE_* names for the private _GL_ATTRIBUTE_*
21    macros used within Gnulib.  */
22 
23 /* These attributes can be placed in two ways:
24      - At the start of a declaration (i.e. even before storage-class
25        specifiers!); then they apply to all entities that are declared
26        by the declaration.
27      - Immediately after the name of an entity being declared by the
28        declaration; then they apply to that entity only.  */
29 
30 #ifndef _GL_ATTRIBUTE_H
31 #define _GL_ATTRIBUTE_H
32 
33 
34 /* This file defines two types of attributes:
35    * C2X standard attributes.  These have macro names that do not begin with
36      'ATTRIBUTE_'.
37    * Selected GCC attributes; see:
38      https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Function-Attributes.html
39      https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Variable-Attributes.html
40      https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Type-Attributes.html
41      These names begin with 'ATTRIBUTE_' to avoid name clashes.  */
42 
43 
44 /* =============== Attributes for specific kinds of functions =============== */
45 
46 /* Attributes for functions that should not be used.  */
47 
48 /* Warn if the entity is used.  */
49 /* Applies to:
50      - function, variable,
51      - struct, union, struct/union member,
52      - enumeration, enumeration item,
53      - typedef,
54    in C++ also: namespace, class, template specialization.  */
55 #define DEPRECATED _GL_ATTRIBUTE_DEPRECATED
56 
57 /* If a function call is not optimized way, warn with MSG.  */
58 /* Applies to: functions.  */
59 #define ATTRIBUTE_WARNING(msg) _GL_ATTRIBUTE_WARNING (msg)
60 
61 /* If a function call is not optimized way, report an error with MSG.  */
62 /* Applies to: functions.  */
63 #define ATTRIBUTE_ERROR(msg) _GL_ATTRIBUTE_ERROR (msg)
64 
65 
66 /* Attributes for memory-allocating functions.  */
67 
68 /* The function returns a pointer to freshly allocated memory.  */
69 /* Applies to: functions.  */
70 #define ATTRIBUTE_MALLOC _GL_ATTRIBUTE_MALLOC
71 
72 /* ATTRIBUTE_ALLOC_SIZE ((N)) - The Nth argument of the function
73    is the size of the returned memory block.
74    ATTRIBUTE_ALLOC_SIZE ((M, N)) - Multiply the Mth and Nth arguments
75    to determine the size of the returned memory block.  */
76 /* Applies to: function, pointer to function, function types.  */
77 #define ATTRIBUTE_ALLOC_SIZE(args) _GL_ATTRIBUTE_ALLOC_SIZE (args)
78 
79 
80 /* Attributes for variadic functions.  */
81 
82 /* The variadic function expects a trailing NULL argument.
83    ATTRIBUTE_SENTINEL () - The last argument is NULL.
84    ATTRIBUTE_SENTINEL ((N)) - The (N+1)st argument from the end is NULL.  */
85 /* Applies to: functions.  */
86 #define ATTRIBUTE_SENTINEL(pos) _GL_ATTRIBUTE_SENTINEL (pos)
87 
88 
89 /* ================== Attributes for compiler diagnostics ================== */
90 
91 /* Attributes that help the compiler diagnose programmer mistakes.
92    Some of them may also help for some compiler optimizations.  */
93 
94 /* ATTRIBUTE_FORMAT ((ARCHETYPE, STRING-INDEX, FIRST-TO-CHECK)) -
95    The STRING-INDEXth function argument is a format string of style
96    ARCHETYPE, which is one of:
97      printf, gnu_printf
98      scanf, gnu_scanf,
99      strftime, gnu_strftime,
100      strfmon,
101    or the same thing prefixed and suffixed with '__'.
102    If FIRST-TO-CHECK is not 0, arguments starting at FIRST-TO_CHECK
103    are suitable for the format string.  */
104 /* Applies to: functions.  */
105 #define ATTRIBUTE_FORMAT(spec) _GL_ATTRIBUTE_FORMAT (spec)
106 
107 /* ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL ((N1, N2,...)) - Arguments N1, N2,... must not be NULL.
108    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL () - All pointer arguments must not be null.  */
109 /* Applies to: functions.  */
110 #define ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(args) _GL_ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL (args)
111 
112 /* The function's return value is a non-NULL pointer.  */
113 /* Applies to: functions.  */
114 #define ATTRIBUTE_RETURNS_NONNULL _GL_ATTRIBUTE_RETURNS_NONNULL
115 
116 /* Warn if the caller does not use the return value,
117    unless the caller uses something like ignore_value.  */
118 /* Applies to: function, enumeration, class.  */
119 #define NODISCARD _GL_ATTRIBUTE_NODISCARD
120 
121 
122 /* Attributes that disable false alarms when the compiler diagnoses
123    programmer "mistakes".  */
124 
125 /* Do not warn if the entity is not used.  */
126 /* Applies to:
127      - function, variable,
128      - struct, union, struct/union member,
129      - enumeration, enumeration item,
130      - typedef,
131    in C++ also: class.  */
132 #define MAYBE_UNUSED _GL_ATTRIBUTE_MAYBE_UNUSED
133 
134 /* The contents of a character array is not meant to be NUL-terminated.  */
135 /* Applies to: struct/union members and variables that are arrays of element
136    type '[[un]signed] char'.  */
137 #define ATTRIBUTE_NONSTRING _GL_ATTRIBUTE_NONSTRING
138 
139 /* Do not warn if control flow falls through to the immediately
140    following 'case' or 'default' label.  */
141 /* Applies to: Empty statement (;), inside a 'switch' statement.  */
142 #define FALLTHROUGH _GL_ATTRIBUTE_FALLTHROUGH
143 
144 
145 /* ================== Attributes for debugging information ================== */
146 
147 /* Attributes regarding debugging information emitted by the compiler.  */
148 
149 /* Omit the function from stack traces when debugging.  */
150 /* Applies to: function.  */
151 #define ATTRIBUTE_ARTIFICIAL _GL_ATTRIBUTE_ARTIFICIAL
152 
153 /* Make the entity visible to debuggers etc., even with '-fwhole-program'.  */
154 /* Applies to: functions, variables.  */
155 #define ATTRIBUTE_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE _GL_ATTRIBUTE_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE
156 
157 
158 /* ========== Attributes that mainly direct compiler optimizations ========== */
159 
160 /* The function does not throw exceptions.  */
161 /* Applies to: functions.  */
162 #define ATTRIBUTE_NOTHROW _GL_ATTRIBUTE_NOTHROW
163 
164 /* Do not inline the function.  */
165 /* Applies to: functions.  */
166 #define ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE _GL_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE
167 
168 /* Always inline the function, and report an error if the compiler
169    cannot inline.  */
170 /* Applies to: function.  */
171 #define ATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE _GL_ATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE
172 
173 /* The function does not affect observable state, and always returns a value.
174    Compilers can omit duplicate calls with the same arguments if
175    observable state is not changed between calls.  (This attribute is
176    looser than ATTRIBUTE_CONST.)  */
177 /* Applies to: functions.  */
178 #define ATTRIBUTE_PURE _GL_ATTRIBUTE_PURE
179 
180 /* The function neither depends on nor affects observable state,
181    and always returns a value.  Compilers can omit duplicate calls with
182    the same arguments.  (This attribute is stricter than ATTRIBUTE_PURE.)  */
183 /* Applies to: functions.  */
184 #define ATTRIBUTE_CONST _GL_ATTRIBUTE_CONST
185 
186 /* The function is rarely executed.  */
187 /* Applies to: functions.  */
188 #define ATTRIBUTE_COLD _GL_ATTRIBUTE_COLD
189 
190 /* If called from some other compilation unit, the function executes
191    code from that unit only by return or by exception handling,
192    letting the compiler optimize that unit more aggressively.  */
193 /* Applies to: functions.  */
194 #define ATTRIBUTE_LEAF _GL_ATTRIBUTE_LEAF
195 
196 /* For struct members: The member has the smallest possible alignment.
197    For struct, union, class: All members have the smallest possible alignment,
198    minimizing the memory required.  */
199 /* Applies to: struct members, struct, union,
200    in C++ also: class.  */
201 #define ATTRIBUTE_PACKED _GL_ATTRIBUTE_PACKED
202 
203 
204 /* ================ Attributes that make invalid code valid ================ */
205 
206 /* Attributes that prevent fatal compiler optimizations for code that is not
207    fully ISO C compliant.  */
208 
209 /* Pointers to the type may point to the same storage as pointers to
210    other types, thus disabling strict aliasing optimization.  */
211 /* Applies to: types.  */
212 #define ATTRIBUTE_MAY_ALIAS _GL_ATTRIBUTE_MAY_ALIAS
213 
214 
215 #endif /* _GL_ATTRIBUTE_H */
216