boost/function/function_base.hpp

// Boost.Function library

//  Copyright Douglas Gregor 2001-2006
//  Copyright Emil Dotchevski 2007
//  Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
//  (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
//  http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)

// For more information, see http://www.boost.org

#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_BASE_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_BASE_HEADER

#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <new>
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <boost/assert.hpp>
#include <boost/integer.hpp>
#include <boost/type_index.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/has_trivial_copy.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/has_trivial_destructor.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/is_const.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/is_integral.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/is_volatile.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/composite_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/ref.hpp>
#include <boost/mpl/if.hpp>
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/alignment_of.hpp>
#ifndef BOOST_NO_SFINAE
#  include "boost/utility/enable_if.hpp"
#else
#  include "boost/mpl/bool.hpp"
#endif
#include <boost/function_equal.hpp>
#include <boost/function/function_fwd.hpp>

#if defined(BOOST_MSVC)
#   pragma warning( push )
#   pragma warning( disable : 4793 ) // complaint about native code generation
#   pragma warning( disable : 4127 ) // "conditional expression is constant"
#endif

#if defined(__ICL) && __ICL <= 600 || defined(__MWERKS__) && __MWERKS__ < 0x2406 && !defined(BOOST_STRICT_CONFIG)
#  define BOOST_FUNCTION_TARGET_FIX(x) x
#else
#  define BOOST_FUNCTION_TARGET_FIX(x)
#endif // __ICL etc

#  define BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor,Type)              \
      typename ::boost::enable_if_c<          \
                           !(::boost::is_integral<Functor>::value), \
                           Type>::type

namespace boost {
  namespace detail {
    namespace function {
      class X;

      /**
       * A buffer used to store small function objects in
       * boost::function. It is a union containing function pointers,
       * object pointers, and a structure that resembles a bound
       * member function pointer.
       */
      union function_buffer_members
      {
        // For pointers to function objects
        typedef void* obj_ptr_t;
        mutable obj_ptr_t obj_ptr;

        // For pointers to std::type_info objects
        struct type_t {
          // (get_functor_type_tag, check_functor_type_tag).
          const boost::typeindex::type_info* type;

          // Whether the type is const-qualified.
          bool const_qualified;
          // Whether the type is volatile-qualified.
          bool volatile_qualified;
        } type;

        // For function pointers of all kinds
        typedef void (*func_ptr_t)();
        mutable func_ptr_t func_ptr;

        // For bound member pointers
        struct bound_memfunc_ptr_t {
          void (X::*memfunc_ptr)(int);
          void* obj_ptr;
        } bound_memfunc_ptr;

        // For references to function objects. We explicitly keep
        // track of the cv-qualifiers on the object referenced.
        struct obj_ref_t {
          mutable void* obj_ptr;
          bool is_const_qualified;
          bool is_volatile_qualified;
        } obj_ref;
      };

      union function_buffer
      {
        // Type-specific union members
        mutable function_buffer_members members;

        // To relax aliasing constraints
        mutable char data[sizeof(function_buffer_members)];
      };

      /**
       * The unusable class is a placeholder for unused function arguments
       * It is also completely unusable except that it constructable from
       * anything. This helps compilers without partial specialization to
       * handle Boost.Function objects returning void.
       */
      struct unusable
      {
        unusable() {}
        template<typename T> unusable(const T&) {}
      };

      /* Determine the return type. This supports compilers that do not support
       * void returns or partial specialization by silently changing the return
       * type to "unusable".
       */
      template<typename T> struct function_return_type { typedef T type; };

      template<>
      struct function_return_type<void>
      {
        typedef unusable type;
      };

      // The operation type to perform on the given functor/function pointer
      enum functor_manager_operation_type {
        clone_functor_tag,
        move_functor_tag,
        destroy_functor_tag,
        check_functor_type_tag,
        get_functor_type_tag
      };

      // Tags used to decide between different types of functions
      struct function_ptr_tag {};
      struct function_obj_tag {};
      struct member_ptr_tag {};
      struct function_obj_ref_tag {};

      template<typename F>
      class get_function_tag
      {
        typedef typename mpl::if_c<(is_pointer<F>::value),
                                   function_ptr_tag,
                                   function_obj_tag>::type ptr_or_obj_tag;

        typedef typename mpl::if_c<(is_member_pointer<F>::value),
                                   member_ptr_tag,
                                   ptr_or_obj_tag>::type ptr_or_obj_or_mem_tag;

        typedef typename mpl::if_c<(is_reference_wrapper<F>::value),
                                   function_obj_ref_tag,
                                   ptr_or_obj_or_mem_tag>::type or_ref_tag;

      public:
        typedef or_ref_tag type;
      };

      // The trivial manager does nothing but return the same pointer (if we
      // are cloning) or return the null pointer (if we are deleting).
      template<typename F>
      struct reference_manager
      {
        static inline void
        manage(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
               functor_manager_operation_type op)
        {
          switch (op) {
          case clone_functor_tag:
            out_buffer.members.obj_ref = in_buffer.members.obj_ref;
            return;

          case move_functor_tag:
            out_buffer.members.obj_ref = in_buffer.members.obj_ref;
            in_buffer.members.obj_ref.obj_ptr = 0;
            return;

          case destroy_functor_tag:
            out_buffer.members.obj_ref.obj_ptr = 0;
            return;

          case check_functor_type_tag:
            {
              // Check whether we have the same type. We can add
              // cv-qualifiers, but we can't take them away.
              if (*out_buffer.members.type.type == boost::typeindex::type_id<F>()
                  && (!in_buffer.members.obj_ref.is_const_qualified
                      || out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified)
                  && (!in_buffer.members.obj_ref.is_volatile_qualified
                      || out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified))
                out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = in_buffer.members.obj_ref.obj_ptr;
              else
                out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
            }
            return;

          case get_functor_type_tag:
            out_buffer.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<F>().type_info();
            out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified = in_buffer.members.obj_ref.is_const_qualified;
            out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified = in_buffer.members.obj_ref.is_volatile_qualified;
            return;
          }
        }
      };

      /**
       * Determine if boost::function can use the small-object
       * optimization with the function object type F.
       */
      template<typename F>
      struct function_allows_small_object_optimization
      {
        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT
          (bool,
           value = ((sizeof(F) <= sizeof(function_buffer) &&
                     (alignment_of<function_buffer>::value
                      % alignment_of<F>::value == 0))));
      };

      template <typename F,typename A>
      struct functor_wrapper: public F, public A
      {
        functor_wrapper( F f, A a ):
          F(f),
          A(a)
        {
        }

        functor_wrapper(const functor_wrapper& f) :
          F(static_cast<const F&>(f)),
          A(static_cast<const A&>(f))
        {
        }
      };

      /**
       * The functor_manager class contains a static function "manage" which
       * can clone or destroy the given function/function object pointer.
       */
      template<typename Functor>
      struct functor_manager_common
      {
        typedef Functor functor_type;

        // Function pointers
        static inline void
        manage_ptr(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op)
        {
          if (op == clone_functor_tag)
            out_buffer.members.func_ptr = in_buffer.members.func_ptr;
          else if (op == move_functor_tag) {
            out_buffer.members.func_ptr = in_buffer.members.func_ptr;
            in_buffer.members.func_ptr = 0;
          } else if (op == destroy_functor_tag)
            out_buffer.members.func_ptr = 0;
          else if (op == check_functor_type_tag) {
            if (*out_buffer.members.type.type == boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>())
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = &in_buffer.members.func_ptr;
            else
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else /* op == get_functor_type_tag */ {
            out_buffer.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>().type_info();
            out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified = false;
            out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified = false;
          }
        }

        // Function objects that fit in the small-object buffer.
        static inline void
        manage_small(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op)
        {
          if (op == clone_functor_tag || op == move_functor_tag) {
            const functor_type* in_functor =
              reinterpret_cast<const functor_type*>(in_buffer.data);
            new (reinterpret_cast<void*>(out_buffer.data)) functor_type(*in_functor);

            if (op == move_functor_tag) {
              functor_type* f = reinterpret_cast<functor_type*>(in_buffer.data);
              (void)f; // suppress warning about the value of f not being used (MSVC)
              f->~Functor();
            }
          } else if (op == destroy_functor_tag) {
            // Some compilers (Borland, vc6, ...) are unhappy with ~functor_type.
             functor_type* f = reinterpret_cast<functor_type*>(out_buffer.data);
             (void)f; // suppress warning about the value of f not being used (MSVC)
             f->~Functor();
          } else if (op == check_functor_type_tag) {
             if (*out_buffer.members.type.type == boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>())
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = in_buffer.data;
            else
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else /* op == get_functor_type_tag */ {
            out_buffer.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>().type_info();
            out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified = false;
            out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified = false;
          }
        }
      };

      template<typename Functor>
      struct functor_manager
      {
      private:
        typedef Functor functor_type;

        // Function pointers
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, function_ptr_tag)
        {
          functor_manager_common<Functor>::manage_ptr(in_buffer,out_buffer,op);
        }

        // Function objects that fit in the small-object buffer.
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, mpl::true_)
        {
          functor_manager_common<Functor>::manage_small(in_buffer,out_buffer,op);
        }

        // Function objects that require heap allocation
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, mpl::false_)
        {
          if (op == clone_functor_tag) {
            // Clone the functor
            // GCC 2.95.3 gets the CV qualifiers wrong here, so we
            // can't do the static_cast that we should do.
            // jewillco: Changing this to static_cast because GCC 2.95.3 is
            // obsolete.
            const functor_type* f =
              static_cast<const functor_type*>(in_buffer.members.obj_ptr);
            functor_type* new_f = new functor_type(*f);
            out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = new_f;
          } else if (op == move_functor_tag) {
            out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = in_buffer.members.obj_ptr;
            in_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else if (op == destroy_functor_tag) {
            /* Cast from the void pointer to the functor pointer type */
            functor_type* f =
              static_cast<functor_type*>(out_buffer.members.obj_ptr);
            delete f;
            out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else if (op == check_functor_type_tag) {
            if (*out_buffer.members.type.type == boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>())
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = in_buffer.members.obj_ptr;
            else
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else /* op == get_functor_type_tag */ {
            out_buffer.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>().type_info();
            out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified = false;
            out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified = false;
          }
        }

        // For function objects, we determine whether the function
        // object can use the small-object optimization buffer or
        // whether we need to allocate it on the heap.
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, function_obj_tag)
        {
          manager(in_buffer, out_buffer, op,
                  mpl::bool_<(function_allows_small_object_optimization<functor_type>::value)>());
        }

        // For member pointers, we use the small-object optimization buffer.
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, member_ptr_tag)
        {
          manager(in_buffer, out_buffer, op, mpl::true_());
        }

      public:
        /* Dispatch to an appropriate manager based on whether we have a
           function pointer or a function object pointer. */
        static inline void
        manage(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
               functor_manager_operation_type op)
        {
          typedef typename get_function_tag<functor_type>::type tag_type;
          switch (op) {
          case get_functor_type_tag:
            out_buffer.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<functor_type>().type_info();
            out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified = false;
            out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified = false;
            return;

          default:
            manager(in_buffer, out_buffer, op, tag_type());
            return;
          }
        }
      };

      template<typename Functor, typename Allocator>
      struct functor_manager_a
      {
      private:
        typedef Functor functor_type;

        // Function pointers
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, function_ptr_tag)
        {
          functor_manager_common<Functor>::manage_ptr(in_buffer,out_buffer,op);
        }

        // Function objects that fit in the small-object buffer.
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, mpl::true_)
        {
          functor_manager_common<Functor>::manage_small(in_buffer,out_buffer,op);
        }

        // Function objects that require heap allocation
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, mpl::false_)
        {
          typedef functor_wrapper<Functor,Allocator> functor_wrapper_type;
          typedef typename Allocator::template rebind<functor_wrapper_type>::other
            wrapper_allocator_type;
          typedef typename wrapper_allocator_type::pointer wrapper_allocator_pointer_type;

          if (op == clone_functor_tag) {
            // Clone the functor
            // GCC 2.95.3 gets the CV qualifiers wrong here, so we
            // can't do the static_cast that we should do.
            const functor_wrapper_type* f =
              static_cast<const functor_wrapper_type*>(in_buffer.members.obj_ptr);
            wrapper_allocator_type wrapper_allocator(static_cast<Allocator const &>(*f));
            wrapper_allocator_pointer_type copy = wrapper_allocator.allocate(1);
            wrapper_allocator.construct(copy, *f);

            // Get back to the original pointer type
            functor_wrapper_type* new_f = static_cast<functor_wrapper_type*>(copy);
            out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = new_f;
          } else if (op == move_functor_tag) {
            out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = in_buffer.members.obj_ptr;
            in_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else if (op == destroy_functor_tag) {
            /* Cast from the void pointer to the functor_wrapper_type */
            functor_wrapper_type* victim =
              static_cast<functor_wrapper_type*>(in_buffer.members.obj_ptr);
            wrapper_allocator_type wrapper_allocator(static_cast<Allocator const &>(*victim));
            wrapper_allocator.destroy(victim);
            wrapper_allocator.deallocate(victim,1);
            out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else if (op == check_functor_type_tag) {
            if (*out_buffer.members.type.type == boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>())
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = in_buffer.members.obj_ptr;
            else
              out_buffer.members.obj_ptr = 0;
          } else /* op == get_functor_type_tag */ {
            out_buffer.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>().type_info();
            out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified = false;
            out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified = false;
          }
        }

        // For function objects, we determine whether the function
        // object can use the small-object optimization buffer or
        // whether we need to allocate it on the heap.
        static inline void
        manager(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
                functor_manager_operation_type op, function_obj_tag)
        {
          manager(in_buffer, out_buffer, op,
                  mpl::bool_<(function_allows_small_object_optimization<functor_type>::value)>());
        }

      public:
        /* Dispatch to an appropriate manager based on whether we have a
           function pointer or a function object pointer. */
        static inline void
        manage(const function_buffer& in_buffer, function_buffer& out_buffer,
               functor_manager_operation_type op)
        {
          typedef typename get_function_tag<functor_type>::type tag_type;
          switch (op) {
          case get_functor_type_tag:
            out_buffer.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<functor_type>().type_info();
            out_buffer.members.type.const_qualified = false;
            out_buffer.members.type.volatile_qualified = false;
            return;

          default:
            manager(in_buffer, out_buffer, op, tag_type());
            return;
          }
        }
      };

      // A type that is only used for comparisons against zero
      struct useless_clear_type {};

#ifdef BOOST_NO_SFINAE
      // These routines perform comparisons between a Boost.Function
      // object and an arbitrary function object (when the last
      // parameter is mpl::bool_<false>) or against zero (when the
      // last parameter is mpl::bool_<true>). They are only necessary
      // for compilers that don't support SFINAE.
      template<typename Function, typename Functor>
        bool
        compare_equal(const Function& f, const Functor&, int, mpl::bool_<true>)
        { return f.empty(); }

      template<typename Function, typename Functor>
        bool
        compare_not_equal(const Function& f, const Functor&, int,
                          mpl::bool_<true>)
        { return !f.empty(); }

      template<typename Function, typename Functor>
        bool
        compare_equal(const Function& f, const Functor& g, long,
                      mpl::bool_<false>)
        {
          if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
            return function_equal(*fp, g);
          else return false;
        }

      template<typename Function, typename Functor>
        bool
        compare_equal(const Function& f, const reference_wrapper<Functor>& g,
                      int, mpl::bool_<false>)
        {
          if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
            return fp == g.get_pointer();
          else return false;
        }

      template<typename Function, typename Functor>
        bool
        compare_not_equal(const Function& f, const Functor& g, long,
                          mpl::bool_<false>)
        {
          if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
            return !function_equal(*fp, g);
          else return true;
        }

      template<typename Function, typename Functor>
        bool
        compare_not_equal(const Function& f,
                          const reference_wrapper<Functor>& g, int,
                          mpl::bool_<false>)
        {
          if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
            return fp != g.get_pointer();
          else return true;
        }
#endif // BOOST_NO_SFINAE

      /**
       * Stores the "manager" portion of the vtable for a
       * boost::function object.
       */
      struct vtable_base
      {
        void (*manager)(const function_buffer& in_buffer,
                        function_buffer& out_buffer,
                        functor_manager_operation_type op);
      };
    } // end namespace function
  } // end namespace detail

/**
 * The function_base class contains the basic elements needed for the
 * function1, function2, function3, etc. classes. It is common to all
 * functions (and as such can be used to tell if we have one of the
 * functionN objects).
 */
class function_base
{
public:
  function_base() : vtable(0) { }

  /** Determine if the function is empty (i.e., has no target). */
  bool empty() const { return !vtable; }

  /** Retrieve the type of the stored function object, or type_id<void>()
      if this is empty. */
  const boost::typeindex::type_info& target_type() const
  {
    if (!vtable) return boost::typeindex::type_id<void>().type_info();

    detail::function::function_buffer type;
    get_vtable()->manager(functor, type, detail::function::get_functor_type_tag);
    return *type.members.type.type;
  }

  template<typename Functor>
    Functor* target()
    {
      if (!vtable) return 0;

      detail::function::function_buffer type_result;
      type_result.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>().type_info();
      type_result.members.type.const_qualified = is_const<Functor>::value;
      type_result.members.type.volatile_qualified = is_volatile<Functor>::value;
      get_vtable()->manager(functor, type_result,
                      detail::function::check_functor_type_tag);
      return static_cast<Functor*>(type_result.members.obj_ptr);
    }

  template<typename Functor>
    const Functor* target() const
    {
      if (!vtable) return 0;

      detail::function::function_buffer type_result;
      type_result.members.type.type = &boost::typeindex::type_id<Functor>().type_info();
      type_result.members.type.const_qualified = true;
      type_result.members.type.volatile_qualified = is_volatile<Functor>::value;
      get_vtable()->manager(functor, type_result,
                      detail::function::check_functor_type_tag);
      // GCC 2.95.3 gets the CV qualifiers wrong here, so we
      // can't do the static_cast that we should do.
      return static_cast<const Functor*>(type_result.members.obj_ptr);
    }

  template<typename F>
    bool contains(const F& f) const
    {
      if (const F* fp = this->template target<F>())
      {
        return function_equal(*fp, f);
      } else {
        return false;
      }
    }

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ <= 3
  // GCC 3.3 and newer cannot copy with the global operator==, due to
  // problems with instantiation of function return types before it
  // has been verified that the argument types match up.
  template<typename Functor>
    BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
    operator==(Functor g) const
    {
      if (const Functor* fp = target<Functor>())
        return function_equal(*fp, g);
      else return false;
    }

  template<typename Functor>
    BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
    operator!=(Functor g) const
    {
      if (const Functor* fp = target<Functor>())
        return !function_equal(*fp, g);
      else return true;
    }
#endif

public: // should be protected, but GCC 2.95.3 will fail to allow access
  detail::function::vtable_base* get_vtable() const {
    return reinterpret_cast<detail::function::vtable_base*>(
             reinterpret_cast<std::size_t>(vtable) & ~static_cast<std::size_t>(0x01));
  }

  bool has_trivial_copy_and_destroy() const {
    return reinterpret_cast<std::size_t>(vtable) & 0x01;
  }

  detail::function::vtable_base* vtable;
  mutable detail::function::function_buffer functor;
};

/**
 * The bad_function_call exception class is thrown when a boost::function
 * object is invoked
 */
class bad_function_call : public std::runtime_error
{
public:
  bad_function_call() : std::runtime_error("call to empty boost::function") {}
};

#ifndef BOOST_NO_SFINAE
inline bool operator==(const function_base& f,
                       detail::function::useless_clear_type*)
{
  return f.empty();
}

inline bool operator!=(const function_base& f,
                       detail::function::useless_clear_type*)
{
  return !f.empty();
}

inline bool operator==(detail::function::useless_clear_type*,
                       const function_base& f)
{
  return f.empty();
}

inline bool operator!=(detail::function::useless_clear_type*,
                       const function_base& f)
{
  return !f.empty();
}
#endif

#ifdef BOOST_NO_SFINAE
// Comparisons between boost::function objects and arbitrary function objects
template<typename Functor>
  inline bool operator==(const function_base& f, Functor g)
  {
    typedef mpl::bool_<(is_integral<Functor>::value)> integral;
    return detail::function::compare_equal(f, g, 0, integral());
  }

template<typename Functor>
  inline bool operator==(Functor g, const function_base& f)
  {
    typedef mpl::bool_<(is_integral<Functor>::value)> integral;
    return detail::function::compare_equal(f, g, 0, integral());
  }

template<typename Functor>
  inline bool operator!=(const function_base& f, Functor g)
  {
    typedef mpl::bool_<(is_integral<Functor>::value)> integral;
    return detail::function::compare_not_equal(f, g, 0, integral());
  }

template<typename Functor>
  inline bool operator!=(Functor g, const function_base& f)
  {
    typedef mpl::bool_<(is_integral<Functor>::value)> integral;
    return detail::function::compare_not_equal(f, g, 0, integral());
  }
#else

#  if !(defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ <= 3)
// Comparisons between boost::function objects and arbitrary function
// objects. GCC 3.3 and before has an obnoxious bug that prevents this
// from working.
template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator==(const function_base& f, Functor g)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return function_equal(*fp, g);
    else return false;
  }

template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator==(Functor g, const function_base& f)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return function_equal(g, *fp);
    else return false;
  }

template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator!=(const function_base& f, Functor g)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return !function_equal(*fp, g);
    else return true;
  }

template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator!=(Functor g, const function_base& f)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return !function_equal(g, *fp);
    else return true;
  }
#  endif

template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator==(const function_base& f, reference_wrapper<Functor> g)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return fp == g.get_pointer();
    else return false;
  }

template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator==(reference_wrapper<Functor> g, const function_base& f)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return g.get_pointer() == fp;
    else return false;
  }

template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator!=(const function_base& f, reference_wrapper<Functor> g)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return fp != g.get_pointer();
    else return true;
  }

template<typename Functor>
  BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL(Functor, bool)
  operator!=(reference_wrapper<Functor> g, const function_base& f)
  {
    if (const Functor* fp = f.template target<Functor>())
      return g.get_pointer() != fp;
    else return true;
  }

#endif // Compiler supporting SFINAE

namespace detail {
  namespace function {
    inline bool has_empty_target(const function_base* f)
    {
      return f->empty();
    }

#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, <= 1310)
    inline bool has_empty_target(const void*)
    {
      return false;
    }
#else
    inline bool has_empty_target(...)
    {
      return false;
    }
#endif
  } // end namespace function
} // end namespace detail
} // end namespace boost

#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ENABLE_IF_NOT_INTEGRAL

#if defined(BOOST_MSVC)
#   pragma warning( pop )
#endif

#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_BASE_HEADER