1# -*- mode: rdoc; coding: utf-8; fill-column: 74; -*- 2 3== Pre-defined variables 4 5$!:: The exception information message set by 'raise'. 6$@:: Array of backtrace of the last exception thrown. 7$&:: The string matched by the last successful match. 8$`:: The string to the left of the last successful match. 9$':: The string to the right of the last successful match. 10$+:: The highest group matched by the last successful match. 11$1:: The Nth group of the last successful match. May be > 1. 12$~:: The information about the last match in the current scope. 13$=:: This variable is no longer effective. Deprecated. 14$/:: The input record separator, newline by default. 15$\:: The output record separator for the print and IO#write. Default is nil. 16$,:: The output field separator for the print and Array#join. 17$;:: The default separator for String#split. 18$.:: The current input line number of the last file that was read. 19$<:: The virtual concatenation file of the files given on command line (or from $stdin if no files were given). 20$>:: The default output for print, printf. $stdout by default. 21$_:: The last input line of string by gets or readline. 22$0:: Contains the name of the script being executed. May be assignable. 23$*:: Command line arguments given for the script sans args. 24$$:: The process number of the Ruby running this script. 25$?:: The status of the last executed child process. This value is 26 thread-local. 27$::: Load path for scripts and binary modules by load or require. 28$":: The array contains the module names loaded by require. 29$DEBUG:: The debug flag, which is set by the -d switch. Enabling debug 30 output prints each exception raised to $stderr (but not its 31 backtrace). Setting this to a true value enables debug output as 32 if -d were given on the command line. Setting this to a false 33 value disables debug output. 34$LOADED_FEATURES:: The alias to the $". 35$FILENAME:: Current input file from $<. Same as $<.filename. 36$LOAD_PATH:: The alias to the $:. 37$stderr:: The current standard error output. 38$stdin:: The current standard input. 39$stdout:: The current standard output. 40$VERBOSE:: The verbose flag, which is set by the -w or -v switch. Setting 41 this to a true value enables warnings as if -w or -v were given 42 on the command line. Setting this to nil disables warnings, 43 including from Kernel#warn. 44$-0:: The alias to $/. 45$-a:: True if option -a is set. Read-only variable. 46$-d:: The alias of $DEBUG. See $DEBUG above for further discussion. 47$-F:: The alias to $;. 48$-i:: In in-place-edit mode, this variable holds the extension, otherwise nil. 49$-I:: The alias to $:. 50$-l:: True if option -l is set. Read-only variable. 51$-p:: True if option -p is set. Read-only variable. 52$-v:: An alias of $VERBOSE. See $VERBOSE above for further discussion. 53$-w:: An alias of $VERBOSE. See $VERBOSE above for further discussion. 54 55== Pre-defined global constants 56 57TRUE:: The typical true value. 58FALSE:: The false itself. 59NIL:: The nil itself. 60STDIN:: The standard input. The default value for $stdin. 61STDOUT:: The standard output. The default value for $stdout. 62STDERR:: The standard error output. The default value for $stderr. 63ENV:: The hash contains current environment variables. 64ARGF:: The alias to the $<. 65ARGV:: The alias to the $*. 66DATA:: The file object of the script, pointing just after __END__. 67RUBY_VERSION:: The ruby version string (VERSION was deprecated). 68RUBY_RELEASE_DATE:: The release date string. 69RUBY_PLATFORM:: The platform identifier. 70 71