sctp/src/user_mbuf.c

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */

/*
 *  __Userspace__ version of /usr/src/sys/kern/kern_mbuf.c
 *  We are initializing two zones for Mbufs and Clusters.
 *
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
/* #include <sys/param.h> This defines MSIZE 256 */
#if !defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
#include "umem.h"
#endif
#include "user_mbuf.h"
#include "user_environment.h"
#include "user_atomic.h"
#include "netinet/sctp_pcb.h"

struct mbstat mbstat;
#define KIPC_MAX_LINKHDR        4       /* int: max length of link header (see sys/sysclt.h) */
#define KIPC_MAX_PROTOHDR	5	/* int: max length of network header (see sys/sysclt.h)*/
int max_linkhdr = KIPC_MAX_LINKHDR;
int max_protohdr = KIPC_MAX_PROTOHDR; /* Size of largest protocol layer header. */

/*
 * Zones from which we allocate.
 */
sctp_zone_t	zone_mbuf;
sctp_zone_t	zone_clust;
sctp_zone_t	zone_ext_refcnt;

/* __Userspace__ clust_mb_args will be passed as callback data to mb_ctor_clust
 * and mb_dtor_clust.
 * Note: I had to use struct clust_args as an encapsulation for an mbuf pointer.
 * struct mbuf * clust_mb_args; does not work.
 */
struct clust_args clust_mb_args;


/* __Userspace__
 * Local prototypes.
 */
static int	mb_ctor_mbuf(void *, void *, int);
static int      mb_ctor_clust(void *, void *, int);
static void	mb_dtor_mbuf(void *,  void *);
static void	mb_dtor_clust(void *, void *);


/***************** Functions taken from user_mbuf.h *************/

static int mbuf_constructor_dup(struct mbuf *m, int pkthdr, short type)
{
	int flags = pkthdr;
	if (type == MT_NOINIT)
		return (0);

	m->m_next = NULL;
	m->m_nextpkt = NULL;
	m->m_len = 0;
	m->m_flags = flags;
	m->m_type = type;
	if (flags & M_PKTHDR) {
		m->m_data = m->m_pktdat;
		m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = NULL;
		m->m_pkthdr.len = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.header = NULL;
		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.ether_vtag = 0;
		SLIST_INIT(&m->m_pkthdr.tags);
	} else
		m->m_data = m->m_dat;

	return (0);
}

/* __Userspace__ */
struct mbuf *
m_get(int how, short type)
{
	struct mbuf *mret;
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	struct mb_args mbuf_mb_args;

	/* The following setter function is not yet being enclosed within
	 * #if USING_MBUF_CONSTRUCTOR - #endif, until I have thoroughly tested
	 * mb_dtor_mbuf. See comment there
	 */
	mbuf_mb_args.flags = 0;
	mbuf_mb_args.type = type;
#endif
	/* Mbuf master zone, zone_mbuf, has already been
	 * created in mbuf_initialize() */
	mret = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_mbuf, struct mbuf);
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	mb_ctor_mbuf(mret, &mbuf_mb_args, 0);
#endif
	/*mret =  ((struct mbuf *)umem_cache_alloc(zone_mbuf, UMEM_DEFAULT));*/

	/* There are cases when an object available in the current CPU's
	 * loaded magazine and in those cases the object's constructor is not applied.
	 * If that is the case, then we are duplicating constructor initialization here,
	 * so that the mbuf is properly constructed before returning it.
	 */
	if (mret) {
#if USING_MBUF_CONSTRUCTOR
		if (! (mret->m_type == type) ) {
			mbuf_constructor_dup(mret, 0, type);
		}
#else
		mbuf_constructor_dup(mret, 0, type);
#endif

	}
	return mret;
}


/* __Userspace__ */
struct mbuf *
m_gethdr(int how, short type)
{
	struct mbuf *mret;
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	struct mb_args mbuf_mb_args;

	/* The following setter function is not yet being enclosed within
	 * #if USING_MBUF_CONSTRUCTOR - #endif, until I have thoroughly tested
	 * mb_dtor_mbuf. See comment there
	 */
	mbuf_mb_args.flags = M_PKTHDR;
	mbuf_mb_args.type = type;
#endif
	mret = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_mbuf, struct mbuf);
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	mb_ctor_mbuf(mret, &mbuf_mb_args, 0);
#endif
	/*mret = ((struct mbuf *)umem_cache_alloc(zone_mbuf, UMEM_DEFAULT));*/
	/* There are cases when an object available in the current CPU's
	 * loaded magazine and in those cases the object's constructor is not applied.
	 * If that is the case, then we are duplicating constructor initialization here,
	 * so that the mbuf is properly constructed before returning it.
	 */
	if (mret) {
#if USING_MBUF_CONSTRUCTOR
		if (! ((mret->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) && (mret->m_type == type)) ) {
			mbuf_constructor_dup(mret, M_PKTHDR, type);
		}
#else
		mbuf_constructor_dup(mret, M_PKTHDR, type);
#endif
	}
	return mret;
}

/* __Userspace__ */
struct mbuf *
m_free(struct mbuf *m)
{

	struct mbuf *n = m->m_next;

	if (m->m_flags & M_EXT)
		mb_free_ext(m);
	else if ((m->m_flags & M_NOFREE) == 0) {
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
		mb_dtor_mbuf(m, NULL);
#endif
		SCTP_ZONE_FREE(zone_mbuf, m);
	}
		/*umem_cache_free(zone_mbuf, m);*/
	return (n);
}


static void
clust_constructor_dup(caddr_t m_clust, struct mbuf* m)
{
	u_int *refcnt;
	int type, size;

	if (m == NULL) {
		return;
	}
	/* Assigning cluster of MCLBYTES. TODO: Add jumbo frame functionality */
	type = EXT_CLUSTER;
	size = MCLBYTES;

	refcnt = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_ext_refcnt, u_int);
	/*refcnt = (u_int *)umem_cache_alloc(zone_ext_refcnt, UMEM_DEFAULT);*/
#if !defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	if (refcnt == NULL) {
		umem_reap();
		refcnt = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_ext_refcnt, u_int);
		/*refcnt = (u_int *)umem_cache_alloc(zone_ext_refcnt, UMEM_DEFAULT);*/
	}
#endif
	*refcnt = 1;
	m->m_ext.ext_buf = (caddr_t)m_clust;
	m->m_data = m->m_ext.ext_buf;
	m->m_flags |= M_EXT;
	m->m_ext.ext_free = NULL;
	m->m_ext.ext_args = NULL;
	m->m_ext.ext_size = size;
	m->m_ext.ext_type = type;
	m->m_ext.ref_cnt = refcnt;
	return;
}


/* __Userspace__ */
void
m_clget(struct mbuf *m, int how)
{
	caddr_t mclust_ret;
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	struct clust_args clust_mb_args_l;
#endif
	if (m->m_flags & M_EXT) {
		SCTPDBG(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "%s: %p mbuf already has cluster\n", __func__, (void *)m);
	}
	m->m_ext.ext_buf = (char *)NULL;
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	clust_mb_args_l.parent_mbuf = m;
#endif
	mclust_ret = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_clust, char);
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	mb_ctor_clust(mclust_ret, &clust_mb_args_l, 0);
#endif
	/*mclust_ret = umem_cache_alloc(zone_clust, UMEM_DEFAULT);*/
	/*
	 On a cluster allocation failure, call umem_reap() and retry.
	 */

	if (mclust_ret == NULL) {
#if !defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	/*	mclust_ret = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_clust, char);
		mb_ctor_clust(mclust_ret, &clust_mb_args, 0);
#else*/
		umem_reap();
		mclust_ret = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_clust, char);
#endif
		/*mclust_ret = umem_cache_alloc(zone_clust, UMEM_DEFAULT);*/
		if (NULL == mclust_ret) {
			SCTPDBG(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "Memory allocation failure in %s\n", __func__);
		}
	}

#if USING_MBUF_CONSTRUCTOR
	if ((m->m_ext.ext_buf == NULL)) {
		clust_constructor_dup(mclust_ret, m);
	}
#else
	clust_constructor_dup(mclust_ret, m);
#endif
}

/*
 * Unlink a tag from the list of tags associated with an mbuf.
 */
static __inline void
m_tag_unlink(struct mbuf *m, struct m_tag *t)
{

	SLIST_REMOVE(&m->m_pkthdr.tags, t, m_tag, m_tag_link);
}

/*
 * Reclaim resources associated with a tag.
 */
static __inline void
m_tag_free(struct m_tag *t)
{

	(*t->m_tag_free)(t);
}

/*
 * Set up the contents of a tag.  Note that this does not fill in the free
 * method; the caller is expected to do that.
 *
 * XXX probably should be called m_tag_init, but that was already taken.
 */
static __inline void
m_tag_setup(struct m_tag *t, u_int32_t cookie, int type, int len)
{

	t->m_tag_id = type;
	t->m_tag_len = len;
	t->m_tag_cookie = cookie;
}

/************ End functions from user_mbuf.h  ******************/


/************ End functions to substitute umem_cache_alloc and umem_cache_free **************/

void
mbuf_initialize(void *dummy)
{

	/*
	 * __Userspace__Configure UMA zones for Mbufs and Clusters.
	 * (TODO: m_getcl() - using packet secondary zone).
	 * There is no provision for trash_init and trash_fini in umem.
	 *
	 */
 /* zone_mbuf = umem_cache_create(MBUF_MEM_NAME, MSIZE, 0,
				mb_ctor_mbuf, mb_dtor_mbuf, NULL,
				&mbuf_mb_args,
				NULL, 0);
	zone_mbuf = umem_cache_create(MBUF_MEM_NAME, MSIZE, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);*/
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	SCTP_ZONE_INIT(zone_mbuf, MBUF_MEM_NAME, MSIZE, 0);
#else
	zone_mbuf = umem_cache_create(MBUF_MEM_NAME, MSIZE, 0,
	                              mb_ctor_mbuf, mb_dtor_mbuf, NULL,
	                              NUULL,
	                              NULL, 0);
#endif
	/*zone_ext_refcnt = umem_cache_create(MBUF_EXTREFCNT_MEM_NAME, sizeof(u_int), 0,
				NULL, NULL, NULL,
				NULL,
				NULL, 0);*/
	SCTP_ZONE_INIT(zone_ext_refcnt, MBUF_EXTREFCNT_MEM_NAME, sizeof(u_int), 0);

  /*zone_clust = umem_cache_create(MBUF_CLUSTER_MEM_NAME, MCLBYTES, 0,
				 mb_ctor_clust, mb_dtor_clust, NULL,
				 &clust_mb_args,
				 NULL, 0);
	zone_clust = umem_cache_create(MBUF_CLUSTER_MEM_NAME, MCLBYTES, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,0);*/
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	SCTP_ZONE_INIT(zone_clust, MBUF_CLUSTER_MEM_NAME, MCLBYTES, 0);
#else
	zone_clust = umem_cache_create(MBUF_CLUSTER_MEM_NAME, MCLBYTES, 0,
								   mb_ctor_clust, mb_dtor_clust, NULL,
								   &clust_mb_args,
								   NULL, 0);
#endif

	/* uma_prealloc() goes here... */

	/* __Userspace__ Add umem_reap here for low memory situation?
	 *
	 */


	/*
	 * [Re]set counters and local statistics knobs.
	 *
	 */

	mbstat.m_mbufs = 0;
	mbstat.m_mclusts = 0;
	mbstat.m_drain = 0;
	mbstat.m_msize = MSIZE;
	mbstat.m_mclbytes = MCLBYTES;
	mbstat.m_minclsize = MINCLSIZE;
	mbstat.m_mlen = MLEN;
	mbstat.m_mhlen = MHLEN;
	mbstat.m_numtypes = MT_NTYPES;

	mbstat.m_mcfail = mbstat.m_mpfail = 0;
	mbstat.sf_iocnt = 0;
	mbstat.sf_allocwait = mbstat.sf_allocfail = 0;

}


/*
 * __Userspace__
 *
 * Constructor for Mbuf master zone. We have a different constructor
 * for allocating the cluster.
 *
 * The 'arg' pointer points to a mb_args structure which
 * contains call-specific information required to support the
 * mbuf allocation API.  See user_mbuf.h.
 *
 * The flgs parameter below can be UMEM_DEFAULT or UMEM_NOFAIL depending on what
 * was passed when umem_cache_alloc was called.
 * TODO: Use UMEM_NOFAIL in umem_cache_alloc and also define a failure handler
 * and call umem_nofail_callback(my_failure_handler) in the stack initialization routines
 * The advantage of using UMEM_NOFAIL is that we don't have to check if umem_cache_alloc
 * was successful or not. The failure handler would take care of it, if we use the UMEM_NOFAIL
 * flag.
 *
 * NOTE Ref: http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/819-2243/6n4i099p2?l=en&a=view&q=umem_zalloc)
 * The umem_nofail_callback() function sets the **process-wide** UMEM_NOFAIL callback.
 * It also mentions that umem_nofail_callback is Evolving.
 *
 */
static int
mb_ctor_mbuf(void *mem, void *arg, int flgs)
{
#if USING_MBUF_CONSTRUCTOR
	struct mbuf *m;
	struct mb_args *args;

	int flags;
	short type;

	m = (struct mbuf *)mem;
	args = (struct mb_args *)arg;
	flags = args->flags;
	type = args->type;

	/*
	 * The mbuf is initialized later.
	 *
	 */
	if (type == MT_NOINIT)
		return (0);

	m->m_next = NULL;
	m->m_nextpkt = NULL;
	m->m_len = 0;
	m->m_flags = flags;
	m->m_type = type;
	if (flags & M_PKTHDR) {
		m->m_data = m->m_pktdat;
		m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = NULL;
		m->m_pkthdr.len = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.header = NULL;
		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = 0;
		m->m_pkthdr.ether_vtag = 0;
		SLIST_INIT(&m->m_pkthdr.tags);
	} else
		m->m_data = m->m_dat;
#endif
	return (0);
}


/*
 * __Userspace__
 * The Mbuf master zone destructor.
 * This would be called in response to umem_cache_destroy
 * TODO: Recheck if this is what we want to do in this destructor.
 * (Note: the number of times mb_dtor_mbuf is called is equal to the
 * number of individual mbufs allocated from zone_mbuf.
 */
static void
mb_dtor_mbuf(void *mem, void *arg)
{
	struct mbuf *m;

	m = (struct mbuf *)mem;
	if ((m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) != 0) {
		m_tag_delete_chain(m, NULL);
	}
}


/* __Userspace__
 * The Cluster zone constructor.
 *
 * Here the 'arg' pointer points to the Mbuf which we
 * are configuring cluster storage for.  If 'arg' is
 * empty we allocate just the cluster without setting
 * the mbuf to it.  See mbuf.h.
 */
static int
mb_ctor_clust(void *mem, void *arg, int flgs)
{

#if USING_MBUF_CONSTRUCTOR
	struct mbuf *m;
	struct clust_args * cla;
	u_int *refcnt;
	int type, size;
	sctp_zone_t zone;

	/* Assigning cluster of MCLBYTES. TODO: Add jumbo frame functionality */
	type = EXT_CLUSTER;
	zone = zone_clust;
	size = MCLBYTES;

	cla = (struct clust_args *)arg;
	m = cla->parent_mbuf;

	refcnt = SCTP_ZONE_GET(zone_ext_refcnt, u_int);
	/*refcnt = (u_int *)umem_cache_alloc(zone_ext_refcnt, UMEM_DEFAULT);*/
	*refcnt = 1;

	if (m != NULL) {
		m->m_ext.ext_buf = (caddr_t)mem;
		m->m_data = m->m_ext.ext_buf;
		m->m_flags |= M_EXT;
		m->m_ext.ext_free = NULL;
		m->m_ext.ext_args = NULL;
		m->m_ext.ext_size = size;
		m->m_ext.ext_type = type;
		m->m_ext.ref_cnt = refcnt;
	}
#endif
	return (0);
}

/* __Userspace__ */
static void
mb_dtor_clust(void *mem, void *arg)
{

  /* mem is of type caddr_t.  In sys/types.h we have typedef char * caddr_t;  */
  /* mb_dtor_clust is called at time of umem_cache_destroy() (the number of times
   * mb_dtor_clust is called is equal to the number of individual mbufs allocated
   * from zone_clust. Similarly for mb_dtor_mbuf).
   * At this point the following:
   *  struct mbuf *m;
   *   m = (struct mbuf *)arg;
   *  assert (*(m->m_ext.ref_cnt) == 0); is not meaningful since  m->m_ext.ref_cnt = NULL;
   *  has been done in mb_free_ext().
   */

}


/* Unlink and free a packet tag. */
void
m_tag_delete(struct mbuf *m, struct m_tag *t)
{
	KASSERT(m && t, ("m_tag_delete: null argument, m %p t %p", (void *)m, (void *)t));
	m_tag_unlink(m, t);
	m_tag_free(t);
}


/* Unlink and free a packet tag chain, starting from given tag. */
void
m_tag_delete_chain(struct mbuf *m, struct m_tag *t)
{

	struct m_tag *p, *q;

	KASSERT(m, ("m_tag_delete_chain: null mbuf"));
	if (t != NULL)
		p = t;
	else
		p = SLIST_FIRST(&m->m_pkthdr.tags);
	if (p == NULL)
		return;
	while ((q = SLIST_NEXT(p, m_tag_link)) != NULL)
		m_tag_delete(m, q);
	m_tag_delete(m, p);
}

#if 0
static void
sctp_print_mbuf_chain(struct mbuf *m)
{
	SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "Printing mbuf chain %p.\n", (void *)m);
	for(; m; m=m->m_next) {
		SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "%p: m_len = %ld, m_type = %x, m_next = %p.\n", (void *)m, m->m_len, m->m_type, (void *)m->m_next);
		if (m->m_flags & M_EXT)
			SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "%p: extend_size = %d, extend_buffer = %p, ref_cnt = %d.\n", (void *)m, m->m_ext.ext_size, (void *)m->m_ext.ext_buf, *(m->m_ext.ref_cnt));
	}
}
#endif

/*
 * Free an entire chain of mbufs and associated external buffers, if
 * applicable.
 */
void
m_freem(struct mbuf *mb)
{
	while (mb != NULL)
		mb = m_free(mb);
}

/*
 * __Userspace__
 * clean mbufs with M_EXT storage attached to them
 * if the reference count hits 1.
 */
void
mb_free_ext(struct mbuf *m)
{

	int skipmbuf;

	KASSERT((m->m_flags & M_EXT) == M_EXT, ("%s: M_EXT not set", __func__));
	KASSERT(m->m_ext.ref_cnt != NULL, ("%s: ref_cnt not set", __func__));

	/*
	 * check if the header is embedded in the cluster
	 */
	skipmbuf = (m->m_flags & M_NOFREE);

	/* Free the external attached storage if this
	 * mbuf is the only reference to it.
	 *__Userspace__ TODO: jumbo frames
	 *
	*/
	/* NOTE: We had the same code that SCTP_DECREMENT_AND_CHECK_REFCOUNT
	         reduces to here before but the IPHONE malloc commit had changed
	         this to compare to 0 instead of 1 (see next line).  Why?
	        . .. this caused a huge memory leak in Linux.
	*/
#ifdef IPHONE
	if (atomic_fetchadd_int(m->m_ext.ref_cnt, -1) == 0)
#else
	if (SCTP_DECREMENT_AND_CHECK_REFCOUNT(m->m_ext.ref_cnt))
#endif
	{
		if (m->m_ext.ext_type == EXT_CLUSTER){
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
			mb_dtor_clust(m->m_ext.ext_buf, &clust_mb_args);
#endif
			SCTP_ZONE_FREE(zone_clust, m->m_ext.ext_buf);
			SCTP_ZONE_FREE(zone_ext_refcnt, (u_int*)m->m_ext.ref_cnt);
			m->m_ext.ref_cnt = NULL;
		}
	}

	if (skipmbuf)
		return;


	/* __Userspace__ Also freeing the storage for ref_cnt
	 * Free this mbuf back to the mbuf zone with all m_ext
	 * information purged.
	 */
	m->m_ext.ext_buf = NULL;
	m->m_ext.ext_free = NULL;
	m->m_ext.ext_args = NULL;
	m->m_ext.ref_cnt = NULL;
	m->m_ext.ext_size = 0;
	m->m_ext.ext_type = 0;
	m->m_flags &= ~M_EXT;
#if defined(SCTP_SIMPLE_ALLOCATOR)
	mb_dtor_mbuf(m, NULL);
#endif
	SCTP_ZONE_FREE(zone_mbuf, m);

	/*umem_cache_free(zone_mbuf, m);*/
}

/*
 * "Move" mbuf pkthdr from "from" to "to".
 * "from" must have M_PKTHDR set, and "to" must be empty.
 */
void
m_move_pkthdr(struct mbuf *to, struct mbuf *from)
{

	to->m_flags = (from->m_flags & M_COPYFLAGS) | (to->m_flags & M_EXT);
	if ((to->m_flags & M_EXT) == 0)
		to->m_data = to->m_pktdat;
	to->m_pkthdr = from->m_pkthdr;		/* especially tags */
	SLIST_INIT(&from->m_pkthdr.tags);	/* purge tags from src */
	from->m_flags &= ~M_PKTHDR;
}


/*
 * Rearange an mbuf chain so that len bytes are contiguous
 * and in the data area of an mbuf (so that mtod and dtom
 * will work for a structure of size len).  Returns the resulting
 * mbuf chain on success, frees it and returns null on failure.
 * If there is room, it will add up to max_protohdr-len extra bytes to the
 * contiguous region in an attempt to avoid being called next time.
 */
struct mbuf *
m_pullup(struct mbuf *n, int len)
{
	struct mbuf *m;
	int count;
	int space;

	/*
	 * If first mbuf has no cluster, and has room for len bytes
	 * without shifting current data, pullup into it,
	 * otherwise allocate a new mbuf to prepend to the chain.
	 */
	if ((n->m_flags & M_EXT) == 0 &&
	    n->m_data + len < &n->m_dat[MLEN] && n->m_next) {
		if (n->m_len >= len)
			return (n);
		m = n;
		n = n->m_next;
		len -= m->m_len;
	} else {
		if (len > MHLEN)
			goto bad;
		MGET(m, M_NOWAIT, n->m_type);
		if (m == NULL)
			goto bad;
		m->m_len = 0;
		if (n->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
			M_MOVE_PKTHDR(m, n);
	}
	space = (int)(&m->m_dat[MLEN] - (m->m_data + m->m_len));
	do {
		count = min(min(max(len, max_protohdr), space), n->m_len);
		memcpy(mtod(m, caddr_t) + m->m_len,mtod(n, caddr_t), (u_int)count);
		len -= count;
		m->m_len += count;
		n->m_len -= count;
		space -= count;
		if (n->m_len)
			n->m_data += count;
		else
			n = m_free(n);
	} while (len > 0 && n);
	if (len > 0) {
		(void) m_free(m);
		goto bad;
	}
	m->m_next = n;
	return (m);
bad:
	m_freem(n);
	mbstat.m_mpfail++;	/* XXX: No consistency. */
	return (NULL);
}


static struct mbuf *
m_dup1(struct mbuf *m, int off, int len, int wait)
{
	struct mbuf *n = NULL;
	int copyhdr;

	if (len > MCLBYTES)
		return NULL;
	if (off == 0 && (m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) != 0)
		copyhdr = 1;
	else
		copyhdr = 0;
	if (len >= MINCLSIZE) {
		if (copyhdr == 1) {
			m_clget(n, wait); /* TODO: include code for copying the header */
			m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, wait);
		} else
			m_clget(n, wait);
	} else {
		if (copyhdr == 1)
			n = m_gethdr(wait, m->m_type);
		else
			n = m_get(wait, m->m_type);
	}
	if (!n)
		return NULL; /* ENOBUFS */

	if (copyhdr && !m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, wait)) {
		m_free(n);
		return NULL;
	}
	m_copydata(m, off, len, mtod(n, caddr_t));
	n->m_len = len;
	return n;
}


/* Taken from sys/kern/uipc_mbuf2.c */
struct mbuf *
m_pulldown(struct mbuf *m, int off, int len, int *offp)
{
	struct mbuf *n, *o;
	int hlen, tlen, olen;
	int writable;

	/* check invalid arguments. */
	KASSERT(m, ("m == NULL in m_pulldown()"));
	if (len > MCLBYTES) {
		m_freem(m);
		return NULL;    /* impossible */
	}

#ifdef PULLDOWN_DEBUG
	{
		struct mbuf *t;
		SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "before:");
		for (t = m; t; t = t->m_next)
			SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, " %d", t->m_len);
		SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "\n");
	}
#endif
	n = m;
	while (n != NULL && off > 0) {
		if (n->m_len > off)
			break;
		off -= n->m_len;
		n = n->m_next;
	}
	/* be sure to point non-empty mbuf */
	while (n != NULL && n->m_len == 0)
		n = n->m_next;
	if (!n) {
		m_freem(m);
		return NULL;    /* mbuf chain too short */
	}

	writable = 0;
	if ((n->m_flags & M_EXT) == 0 ||
	    (n->m_ext.ext_type == EXT_CLUSTER && M_WRITABLE(n)))
		writable = 1;

	/*
	 * the target data is on <n, off>.
	 * if we got enough data on the mbuf "n", we're done.
	 */
	if ((off == 0 || offp) && len <= n->m_len - off && writable)
		goto ok;

	/*
	 * when len <= n->m_len - off and off != 0, it is a special case.
	 * len bytes from <n, off> sits in single mbuf, but the caller does
	 * not like the starting position (off).
	 * chop the current mbuf into two pieces, set off to 0.
	 */
	if (len <= n->m_len - off) {
		o = m_dup1(n, off, n->m_len - off, M_NOWAIT);
		if (o == NULL) {
			m_freem(m);
		return NULL;    /* ENOBUFS */
		}
		n->m_len = off;
		o->m_next = n->m_next;
		n->m_next = o;
		n = n->m_next;
		off = 0;
		goto ok;
	}
	/*
	 * we need to take hlen from <n, off> and tlen from <n->m_next, 0>,
	 * and construct contiguous mbuf with m_len == len.
	 * note that hlen + tlen == len, and tlen > 0.
	 */
	hlen = n->m_len - off;
	tlen = len - hlen;

	/*
	 * ensure that we have enough trailing data on mbuf chain.
	 * if not, we can do nothing about the chain.
	 */
	olen = 0;
	for (o = n->m_next; o != NULL; o = o->m_next)
		olen += o->m_len;
	if (hlen + olen < len) {
		m_freem(m);
		return NULL;    /* mbuf chain too short */
	}

	/*
	 * easy cases first.
	 * we need to use m_copydata() to get data from <n->m_next, 0>.
	 */
	if ((off == 0 || offp) && M_TRAILINGSPACE(n) >= tlen
	    && writable) {
		m_copydata(n->m_next, 0, tlen, mtod(n, caddr_t) + n->m_len);
		n->m_len += tlen;
		m_adj(n->m_next, tlen);
		goto ok;
	}

	if ((off == 0 || offp) && M_LEADINGSPACE(n->m_next) >= hlen
	    && writable) {
		n->m_next->m_data -= hlen;
		n->m_next->m_len += hlen;
		memcpy( mtod(n->m_next, caddr_t), mtod(n, caddr_t) + off,hlen);
		n->m_len -= hlen;
		n = n->m_next;
		off = 0;
		goto ok;
	}

	/*
	 * now, we need to do the hard way.  don't m_copy as there's no room
	 * on both end.
	 */
	if (len > MLEN)
		m_clget(o, M_NOWAIT);
		/* o = m_getcl(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type, 0);*/
	else
		o = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
	if (!o) {
		m_freem(m);
		return NULL;    /* ENOBUFS */
	}
	/* get hlen from <n, off> into <o, 0> */
	o->m_len = hlen;
	memcpy(mtod(o, caddr_t), mtod(n, caddr_t) + off, hlen);
	n->m_len -= hlen;
	/* get tlen from <n->m_next, 0> into <o, hlen> */
	m_copydata(n->m_next, 0, tlen, mtod(o, caddr_t) + o->m_len);
	o->m_len += tlen;
	m_adj(n->m_next, tlen);
	o->m_next = n->m_next;
	n->m_next = o;
	n = o;
	off = 0;
ok:
#ifdef PULLDOWN_DEBUG
	{
		struct mbuf *t;
		SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "after:");
		for (t = m; t; t = t->m_next)
			SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, "%c%d", t == n ? '*' : ' ', t->m_len);
		SCTP_DEBUG_USR(SCTP_DEBUG_USR, " (off=%d)\n", off);
	}
#endif
	if (offp)
		*offp = off;
	return n;
}

/*
 * Attach the the cluster from *m to *n, set up m_ext in *n
 * and bump the refcount of the cluster.
 */
static void
mb_dupcl(struct mbuf *n, struct mbuf *m)
{
	KASSERT((m->m_flags & M_EXT) == M_EXT, ("%s: M_EXT not set", __func__));
	KASSERT(m->m_ext.ref_cnt != NULL, ("%s: ref_cnt not set", __func__));
	KASSERT((n->m_flags & M_EXT) == 0, ("%s: M_EXT set", __func__));

	if (*(m->m_ext.ref_cnt) == 1)
		*(m->m_ext.ref_cnt) += 1;
	else
		atomic_add_int(m->m_ext.ref_cnt, 1);
	n->m_ext.ext_buf = m->m_ext.ext_buf;
	n->m_ext.ext_free = m->m_ext.ext_free;
	n->m_ext.ext_args = m->m_ext.ext_args;
	n->m_ext.ext_size = m->m_ext.ext_size;
	n->m_ext.ref_cnt = m->m_ext.ref_cnt;
	n->m_ext.ext_type = m->m_ext.ext_type;
	n->m_flags |= M_EXT;
}


/*
 * Make a copy of an mbuf chain starting "off0" bytes from the beginning,
 * continuing for "len" bytes.  If len is M_COPYALL, copy to end of mbuf.
 * The wait parameter is a choice of M_TRYWAIT/M_NOWAIT from caller.
 * Note that the copy is read-only, because clusters are not copied,
 * only their reference counts are incremented.
 */

struct mbuf *
m_copym(struct mbuf *m, int off0, int len, int wait)
{
	struct mbuf *n, **np;
	int off = off0;
	struct mbuf *top;
	int copyhdr = 0;

	KASSERT(off >= 0, ("m_copym, negative off %d", off));
	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("m_copym, negative len %d", len));
	KASSERT(m != NULL, ("m_copym, m is NULL"));

#if !defined(INVARIANTS)
	if (m == NULL) {
		return (NULL);
	}
#endif

	if (off == 0 && m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
		copyhdr = 1;
	while (off > 0) {
		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("m_copym, offset > size of mbuf chain"));
		if (off < m->m_len)
			break;
		off -= m->m_len;
		m = m->m_next;
	}
	np = &top;
	top = 0;
	while (len > 0) {
		if (m == NULL) {
			KASSERT(len == M_COPYALL, ("m_copym, length > size of mbuf chain"));
			break;
		}
		if (copyhdr)
			MGETHDR(n, wait, m->m_type);
		else
			MGET(n, wait, m->m_type);
		*np = n;
		if (n == NULL)
			goto nospace;
		if (copyhdr) {
			if (!m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, wait))
				goto nospace;
			if (len == M_COPYALL)
				n->m_pkthdr.len -= off0;
			else
				n->m_pkthdr.len = len;
			copyhdr = 0;
		}
		n->m_len = min(len, m->m_len - off);
		if (m->m_flags & M_EXT) {
			n->m_data = m->m_data + off;
			mb_dupcl(n, m);
		} else
			memcpy(mtod(n, caddr_t), mtod(m, caddr_t) + off, (u_int)n->m_len);
		if (len != M_COPYALL)
			len -= n->m_len;
		off = 0;
		m = m->m_next;
		np = &n->m_next;
	}
	if (top == NULL)
		mbstat.m_mcfail++;	/* XXX: No consistency. */

	return (top);
nospace:
	m_freem(top);
	mbstat.m_mcfail++;	/* XXX: No consistency. */
	return (NULL);
}


int
m_tag_copy_chain(struct mbuf *to, struct mbuf *from, int how)
{
	struct m_tag *p, *t, *tprev = NULL;

	KASSERT(to && from, ("m_tag_copy_chain: null argument, to %p from %p", (void *)to, (void *)from));
	m_tag_delete_chain(to, NULL);
	SLIST_FOREACH(p, &from->m_pkthdr.tags, m_tag_link) {
		t = m_tag_copy(p, how);
		if (t == NULL) {
			m_tag_delete_chain(to, NULL);
			return 0;
		}
		if (tprev == NULL)
			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&to->m_pkthdr.tags, t, m_tag_link);
		else
			SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(tprev, t, m_tag_link);
		tprev = t;
	}
	return 1;
}

/*
 * Duplicate "from"'s mbuf pkthdr in "to".
 * "from" must have M_PKTHDR set, and "to" must be empty.
 * In particular, this does a deep copy of the packet tags.
 */
int
m_dup_pkthdr(struct mbuf *to, struct mbuf *from, int how)
{

	KASSERT(to, ("m_dup_pkthdr: to is NULL"));
	KASSERT(from, ("m_dup_pkthdr: from is NULL"));
	to->m_flags = (from->m_flags & M_COPYFLAGS) | (to->m_flags & M_EXT);
	if ((to->m_flags & M_EXT) == 0)
		to->m_data = to->m_pktdat;
	to->m_pkthdr = from->m_pkthdr;
	SLIST_INIT(&to->m_pkthdr.tags);
	return (m_tag_copy_chain(to, from, MBTOM(how)));
}

/* Copy a single tag. */
struct m_tag *
m_tag_copy(struct m_tag *t, int how)
{
	struct m_tag *p;

	KASSERT(t, ("m_tag_copy: null tag"));
	p = m_tag_alloc(t->m_tag_cookie, t->m_tag_id, t->m_tag_len, how);
	if (p == NULL)
		return (NULL);
	memcpy(p + 1, t + 1, t->m_tag_len); /* Copy the data */
	return p;
}

/* Get a packet tag structure along with specified data following. */
struct m_tag *
m_tag_alloc(u_int32_t cookie, int type, int len, int wait)
{
	struct m_tag *t;

	if (len < 0)
		return NULL;
	t = malloc(len + sizeof(struct m_tag));
	if (t == NULL)
		return NULL;
	m_tag_setup(t, cookie, type, len);
	t->m_tag_free = m_tag_free_default;
	return t;
}

/* Free a packet tag. */
void
m_tag_free_default(struct m_tag *t)
{
  free(t);
}

/*
 * Copy data from a buffer back into the indicated mbuf chain,
 * starting "off" bytes from the beginning, extending the mbuf
 * chain if necessary.
 */
void
m_copyback(struct mbuf *m0, int off, int len, caddr_t cp)
{
	int mlen;
	struct mbuf *m = m0, *n;
	int totlen = 0;

	if (m0 == NULL)
		return;
	while (off > (mlen = m->m_len)) {
		off -= mlen;
		totlen += mlen;
		if (m->m_next == NULL) {
			n = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
			if (n == NULL)
				goto out;
			memset(mtod(n, caddr_t), 0, MLEN);
			n->m_len = min(MLEN, len + off);
			m->m_next = n;
		}
		m = m->m_next;
	}
	while (len > 0) {
		mlen = min (m->m_len - off, len);
		memcpy(off + mtod(m, caddr_t), cp, (u_int)mlen);
		cp += mlen;
		len -= mlen;
		mlen += off;
		off = 0;
		totlen += mlen;
		if (len == 0)
			break;
		if (m->m_next == NULL) {
			n = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
			if (n == NULL)
				break;
			n->m_len = min(MLEN, len);
			m->m_next = n;
		}
		m = m->m_next;
	}
out:	if (((m = m0)->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) && (m->m_pkthdr.len < totlen))
		m->m_pkthdr.len = totlen;
}


/*
 * Lesser-used path for M_PREPEND:
 * allocate new mbuf to prepend to chain,
 * copy junk along.
 */
struct mbuf *
m_prepend(struct mbuf *m, int len, int how)
{
	struct mbuf *mn;

	if (m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
		MGETHDR(mn, how, m->m_type);
	else
		MGET(mn, how, m->m_type);
	if (mn == NULL) {
		m_freem(m);
		return (NULL);
	}
	if (m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
		M_MOVE_PKTHDR(mn, m);
	mn->m_next = m;
	m = mn;
	if (m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) {
		if (len < MHLEN)
			MH_ALIGN(m, len);
	} else {
		if (len < MLEN)
			M_ALIGN(m, len);
	}
	m->m_len = len;
	return (m);
}

/*
 * Copy data from an mbuf chain starting "off" bytes from the beginning,
 * continuing for "len" bytes, into the indicated buffer.
 */
void
m_copydata(const struct mbuf *m, int off, int len, caddr_t cp)
{
	u_int count;

	KASSERT(off >= 0, ("m_copydata, negative off %d", off));
	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("m_copydata, negative len %d", len));
	while (off > 0) {
		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("m_copydata, offset > size of mbuf chain"));
		if (off < m->m_len)
			break;
		off -= m->m_len;
		m = m->m_next;
	}
	while (len > 0) {
		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("m_copydata, length > size of mbuf chain"));
		count = min(m->m_len - off, len);
		memcpy(cp, mtod(m, caddr_t) + off, count);
		len -= count;
		cp += count;
		off = 0;
		m = m->m_next;
	}
}


/*
 * Concatenate mbuf chain n to m.
 * Both chains must be of the same type (e.g. MT_DATA).
 * Any m_pkthdr is not updated.
 */
void
m_cat(struct mbuf *m, struct mbuf *n)
{
	while (m->m_next)
		m = m->m_next;
	while (n) {
		if (m->m_flags & M_EXT ||
		    m->m_data + m->m_len + n->m_len >= &m->m_dat[MLEN]) {
			/* just join the two chains */
			m->m_next = n;
			return;
		}
		/* splat the data from one into the other */
		memcpy(mtod(m, caddr_t) + m->m_len, mtod(n, caddr_t), (u_int)n->m_len);
		m->m_len += n->m_len;
		n = m_free(n);
	}
}


void
m_adj(struct mbuf *mp, int req_len)
{
	int len = req_len;
	struct mbuf *m;
	int count;

	if ((m = mp) == NULL)
		return;
	if (len >= 0) {
		/*
		 * Trim from head.
		 */
		while (m != NULL && len > 0) {
			if (m->m_len <= len) {
				len -= m->m_len;
				m->m_len = 0;
				m = m->m_next;
			} else {
				m->m_len -= len;
				m->m_data += len;
				len = 0;
			}
		}
		m = mp;
		if (mp->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
			m->m_pkthdr.len -= (req_len - len);
	} else {
		/*
		 * Trim from tail.  Scan the mbuf chain,
		 * calculating its length and finding the last mbuf.
		 * If the adjustment only affects this mbuf, then just
		 * adjust and return.  Otherwise, rescan and truncate
		 * after the remaining size.
		 */
		len = -len;
		count = 0;
		for (;;) {
			count += m->m_len;
			if (m->m_next == (struct mbuf *)0)
				break;
			m = m->m_next;
		}
		if (m->m_len >= len) {
			m->m_len -= len;
			if (mp->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
				mp->m_pkthdr.len -= len;
			return;
		}
		count -= len;
		if (count < 0)
			count = 0;
		/*
		 * Correct length for chain is "count".
		 * Find the mbuf with last data, adjust its length,
		 * and toss data from remaining mbufs on chain.
		 */
		m = mp;
		if (m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
			m->m_pkthdr.len = count;
		for (; m; m = m->m_next) {
			if (m->m_len >= count) {
				m->m_len = count;
				if (m->m_next != NULL) {
					m_freem(m->m_next);
					m->m_next = NULL;
				}
				break;
			}
			count -= m->m_len;
		}
	}
}


/* m_split is used within sctp_handle_cookie_echo. */

/*
 * Partition an mbuf chain in two pieces, returning the tail --
 * all but the first len0 bytes.  In case of failure, it returns NULL and
 * attempts to restore the chain to its original state.
 *
 * Note that the resulting mbufs might be read-only, because the new
 * mbuf can end up sharing an mbuf cluster with the original mbuf if
 * the "breaking point" happens to lie within a cluster mbuf. Use the
 * M_WRITABLE() macro to check for this case.
 */
struct mbuf *
m_split(struct mbuf *m0, int len0, int wait)
{
	struct mbuf *m, *n;
	u_int len = len0, remain;

	/* MBUF_CHECKSLEEP(wait); */
	for (m = m0; m && (int)len > m->m_len; m = m->m_next)
		len -= m->m_len;
	if (m == NULL)
		return (NULL);
	remain = m->m_len - len;
	if (m0->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) {
		MGETHDR(n, wait, m0->m_type);
		if (n == NULL)
			return (NULL);
		n->m_pkthdr.rcvif = m0->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
		n->m_pkthdr.len = m0->m_pkthdr.len - len0;
		m0->m_pkthdr.len = len0;
		if (m->m_flags & M_EXT)
			goto extpacket;
		if (remain > MHLEN) {
			/* m can't be the lead packet */
			MH_ALIGN(n, 0);
			n->m_next = m_split(m, len, wait);
			if (n->m_next == NULL) {
				(void) m_free(n);
				return (NULL);
			} else {
				n->m_len = 0;
				return (n);
			}
		} else
			MH_ALIGN(n, remain);
	} else if (remain == 0) {
		n = m->m_next;
		m->m_next = NULL;
		return (n);
	} else {
		MGET(n, wait, m->m_type);
		if (n == NULL)
			return (NULL);
		M_ALIGN(n, remain);
	}
extpacket:
	if (m->m_flags & M_EXT) {
		n->m_data = m->m_data + len;
		mb_dupcl(n, m);
	} else {
		memcpy(mtod(n, caddr_t), mtod(m, caddr_t) + len, remain);
	}
	n->m_len = remain;
	m->m_len = len;
	n->m_next = m->m_next;
	m->m_next = NULL;
	return (n);
}


int
pack_send_buffer(caddr_t buffer, struct mbuf* mb){

	int count_to_copy;
	int total_count_copied = 0;
	int offset = 0;

	do {
		count_to_copy = mb->m_len;
		memcpy(buffer+offset, mtod(mb, caddr_t), count_to_copy);
		offset += count_to_copy;
		total_count_copied += count_to_copy;
		mb = mb->m_next;
	} while(mb);

	return (total_count_copied);
}