1@cGNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2@cVersion 2, June 1991 3 4@cCopyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5@c675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 6@c02139, USA 7 8 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license 9document, but changing it is not allowed. 10 11@cPreamble 12 13 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to 14share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is 15intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to 16make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public 17License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to 18any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free 19Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public 20License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. 21 22 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. 23Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the 24freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service 25if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, 26that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; 27and that you know you can do these things. 28 29 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to 30deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These 31restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute 32copies of the software, or if you modify it. 33 34 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or 35for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You 36must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you 37must show them these terms so they know their rights. 38 39 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) 40offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute 41and/or modify the software. 42 43 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that 44everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If 45the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its 46recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any 47problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' 48reputations. 49 50 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. 51We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will 52individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program 53proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be 54licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 55 56 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 57modification follow. 58 59@cGNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 60@cTERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, 61@cDISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 62 63 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a 64notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the 65terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any 66such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the 67Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work 68containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with 69modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, 70translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each 71licensee is addressed as "you". 72 73Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered 74by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program 75is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its 76contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been 77made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the 78Program does. 79 80 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source 81code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and 82appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and 83disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this 84License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of 85the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. 86 87You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you 88may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 89 90 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, 91thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such 92modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you 93also meet all of these conditions: 94 95 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent 96 notices stating that you changed the files and the date 97 of any change. 98 99 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or 100 publish, that in whole or in part contains or is 101 derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be 102 licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties 103 under the terms of this License. 104 105 c) If the modified program normally reads commands 106 interactively when run, you must cause it, when started 107 running for such interactive use in the most ordinary 108 way, to print or display an announcement including an 109 appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is 110 no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a 111 warranty) and that users may redistribute the program 112 under these conditions, and telling the user how to 113 view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the 114 Program itself is interactive but does not normally 115 print such an announcement, your work based on the 116 Program is not required to print an announcement.) 117 118These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable 119sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be 120reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then 121this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you 122distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same 123sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the 124distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose 125permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each 126and every part regardless of who wrote it. 127 128Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your 129rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise 130the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works 131based on the Program. 132 133In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with 134the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage 135or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this 136License. 137 138 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under 139Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 140and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 141 142 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding 143 machine-readable source code, which must be distributed 144 under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 145 customarily used for software interchange; or, 146 147 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at 148 least three years, to give any third party, for a 149 charge no more than your cost of physically performing 150 source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy 151 of the corresponding source code, to be distributed 152 under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 153 customarily used for software interchange; or, 154 155 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to 156 the offer to distribute corresponding source code. 157 (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial 158 distribution and only if you received the program in 159 object code or executable form with such an offer, in 160 accord with Subsection b above.) 161 162The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making 163modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all 164the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface 165definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and 166installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source 167code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in 168either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, 169and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that 170component itself accompanies the executable. 171 172If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to 173copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the 174source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, 175even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with 176the object code. 177 178 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except 179as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, 180modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically 181terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received 182copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses 183terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 184 185 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed 186it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the 187Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you 188do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the 189Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of 190this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, 191distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. 192 193 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 194Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original 195licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms 196and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the 197recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible 198for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License. 199 200 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 201infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 202conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 203otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 204excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so 205as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any 206other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute 207the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit 208royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies 209directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both 210it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the 211Program. 212 213If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any 214particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and 215the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. 216 217It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents 218or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; 219this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free 220software distribution system, which is implemented by public license 221practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range 222of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent 223application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or 224she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a 225licensee cannot impose that choice. 226 227This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a 228consequence of the rest of this License. 229 230 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain 231countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original 232copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an 233explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so 234that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. 235In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the 236body of this License. 237 238 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of 239the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be 240similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 241address new problems or concerns. 242 243Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 244specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 245later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 246either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 247Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 248this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 249Foundation. 250 251 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 252programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to 253ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software 254Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make 255exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of 256preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of 257promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 258 259@cNO WARRANTY 260 261 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 262FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 263OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 264PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 265OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 266MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO 267THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM 268PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR 269CORRECTION. 270 271 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 272WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 273REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 274INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 275OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO 276LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR 277THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 278PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 279POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 280 281@cEND OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 282 283@cAppendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 284 285 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 286possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free 287software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 288 289 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to 290attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the 291exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" 292line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 293 294 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea 295 of what it does.> Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author> 296 297 This program is free software; you can redistribute it 298 and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General 299 Public License as published by the Free Software 300 Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at 301 your option) any later version. 302 303 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be 304 useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the 305 implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A 306 PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 307 for more details. 308 309 You should have received a copy of the GNU General 310 Public License along with this program; if not, write 311 to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, 312 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. 313 314Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 315 316If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when 317it starts in an interactive mode: 318 319 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of 320 author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; 321 for details type `show w'. This is free software, and 322 you are welcome to redistribute it under certain 323 conditions; type `show c' for details. 324 325The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 326parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be 327called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 328mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 329 330You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 331school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 332necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 333 334 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest 335 in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at 336 compilers) written by James Hacker. 337 338 <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President 339 of Vice 340 341This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 342proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 343consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 344library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public 345License instead of this License. 346