1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2<page xmlns="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="topic" id="mime-types" xml:lang="tr"> 3 4 <info> 5 <link type="guide" xref="software#management"/> 6 <link type="seealso" xref="mime-types-application"/> 7 <link type="seealso" xref="mime-types-application-user"/> 8 <link type="seealso" xref="mime-types-custom-user"/> 9 <revision pkgversion="3.12" date="2014-06-17" status="review"/> 10 11 <credit type="author copyright"> 12 <name>Petr Kovar</name> 13 <email>pknbe@volny.cz</email> 14 <years>2014</years> 15 </credit> 16 17 <include xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="legal.xml"/> 18 19 <desc>MIME types are used to identify the format of a file.</desc> 20 </info> 21 22 <title>What are MIME types?</title> 23 <p> 24 In GNOME, MIME (<em>Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension</em>) 25 types are used to identify the format of a file. The GNOME Desktop 26 uses MIME types to: 27 </p> 28 <list> 29 <item> 30 <p> 31 Determine which application should open a specific file format by 32 default. 33 </p> 34 </item> 35 <item> 36 <p> 37 Register other applications that can also open a specific file format. 38 </p> 39 </item> 40 <item> 41 <p> 42 Provide a string describing the type of a file, for example, 43 in a file properties dialog of the <app>Files</app> 44 application. 45 </p> 46 </item> 47 <item> 48 <p> 49 Provide an icon representing a specific file format, for 50 example, in a file properties dialog of the <app>Files</app> 51 application. 52 </p> 53 </item> 54 </list> 55 <p> 56 MIME type names follow a given format: 57 </p> 58<screen> 59<var>media-type</var>/<var>subtype-identifier</var> 60</screen> 61<p> 62 <sys>image/jpeg</sys> is an example of a MIME type where 63 <sys>image</sys> is the media type, and <sys>jpeg</sys> 64 is the subtype identifier. 65</p> 66 <p> 67 GNOME follows the <em>freedesktop.org Shared MIME Info</em> 68 specification to determine: 69 </p> 70 <list> 71 <item> 72 <p> 73 The machine-wide and user-specific location to store all MIME type 74 specification files. 75 </p> 76 </item> 77 <item> 78 <p> 79 How to register a MIME type so that the desktop environment knows which 80 applications can be used to open a specific file format. 81 </p> 82 </item> 83 <item> 84 <p> 85 How the user can change which applications should open what file formats. 86 </p> 87 </item> 88 </list> 89 <section id="mime-database"> 90 <title>What is the MIME database?</title> 91 <p> 92 The MIME database is a collection of all MIME type specification files 93 that GNOME uses to store information about known MIME types. 94 </p> 95 <p> 96 The most important part of the MIME database from the system administrator’s 97 point of view is the <file>/usr/share/mime/packages/</file> 98 directory where the MIME type related files specifying information on 99 known MIME types are stored. One example of such a file is 100 <file>/usr/share/mime/packages/freedesktop.org.xml</file>, specifying 101 information about the standard MIME types available on the system by 102 default. That file is provided by the <sys>shared-mime-info</sys> 103 package. 104 </p> 105 </section> 106 <section id="mime-types-more-information"> 107 <title>Get more information</title> 108 <p> 109 For detailed information describing the MIME type system, see the 110 <em>freedesktop.org Shared MIME Info specification</em> located at the 111 freedesktop.org website: 112 </p> 113 <list> 114 <item> 115 <p> 116 <link href="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/shared-mime-info-spec/"> 117 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/shared-mime-info-spec/</link> 118 </p> 119 </item> 120 </list> 121 </section> 122</page> 123