1 %pure_parser
2 %expect 2
3 
4 %tokens
5 
6 %%
7 
8 start:
9     top_statement_list                                      { $$ = $this->handleNamespaces($1); }
10 ;
11 
12 top_statement_list_ex:
13       top_statement_list_ex top_statement                   { pushNormalizing($1, $2); }
14     | /* empty */                                           { init(); }
15 ;
16 
17 top_statement_list:
18       top_statement_list_ex
19           { makeZeroLengthNop($nop, $this->lookaheadStartAttributes);
20             if ($nop !== null) { $1[] = $nop; } $$ = $1; }
21 ;
22 
23 reserved_non_modifiers:
24       T_INCLUDE | T_INCLUDE_ONCE | T_EVAL | T_REQUIRE | T_REQUIRE_ONCE | T_LOGICAL_OR | T_LOGICAL_XOR | T_LOGICAL_AND
25     | T_INSTANCEOF | T_NEW | T_CLONE | T_EXIT | T_IF | T_ELSEIF | T_ELSE | T_ENDIF | T_ECHO | T_DO | T_WHILE
26     | T_ENDWHILE | T_FOR | T_ENDFOR | T_FOREACH | T_ENDFOREACH | T_DECLARE | T_ENDDECLARE | T_AS | T_TRY | T_CATCH
27     | T_FINALLY | T_THROW | T_USE | T_INSTEADOF | T_GLOBAL | T_VAR | T_UNSET | T_ISSET | T_EMPTY | T_CONTINUE | T_GOTO
28     | T_FUNCTION | T_CONST | T_RETURN | T_PRINT | T_YIELD | T_LIST | T_SWITCH | T_ENDSWITCH | T_CASE | T_DEFAULT
29     | T_BREAK | T_ARRAY | T_CALLABLE | T_EXTENDS | T_IMPLEMENTS | T_NAMESPACE | T_TRAIT | T_INTERFACE | T_CLASS
30     | T_CLASS_C | T_TRAIT_C | T_FUNC_C | T_METHOD_C | T_LINE | T_FILE | T_DIR | T_NS_C | T_HALT_COMPILER | T_FN
31     | T_MATCH
32 ;
33 
34 semi_reserved:
35       reserved_non_modifiers
36     | T_STATIC | T_ABSTRACT | T_FINAL | T_PRIVATE | T_PROTECTED | T_PUBLIC
37 ;
38 
39 identifier_ex:
40       T_STRING                                              { $$ = Node\Identifier[$1]; }
41     | semi_reserved                                         { $$ = Node\Identifier[$1]; }
42 ;
43 
44 identifier:
45       T_STRING                                              { $$ = Node\Identifier[$1]; }
46 ;
47 
48 reserved_non_modifiers_identifier:
49       reserved_non_modifiers                                { $$ = Node\Identifier[$1]; }
50 ;
51 
52 namespace_declaration_name:
53       T_STRING                                              { $$ = Name[$1]; }
54     | semi_reserved                                         { $$ = Name[$1]; }
55     | T_NAME_QUALIFIED                                      { $$ = Name[$1]; }
56 ;
57 
58 namespace_name:
59       T_STRING                                              { $$ = Name[$1]; }
60     | T_NAME_QUALIFIED                                      { $$ = Name[$1]; }
61 ;
62 
63 legacy_namespace_name:
64       namespace_name                                        { $$ = $1; }
65     | T_NAME_FULLY_QUALIFIED                                { $$ = Name[substr($1, 1)]; }
66 ;
67 
68 plain_variable:
69       T_VARIABLE                                            { $$ = Expr\Variable[parseVar($1)]; }
70 ;
71 
72 semi:
73       ';'                                                   { /* nothing */ }
74     | error                                                 { /* nothing */ }
75 ;
76 
77 no_comma:
78       /* empty */ { /* nothing */ }
79     | ',' { $this->emitError(new Error('A trailing comma is not allowed here', attributes())); }
80 ;
81 
82 optional_comma:
83       /* empty */
84     | ','
85 ;
86 
87 attribute_decl:
88       class_name                                            { $$ = Node\Attribute[$1, []]; }
89     | class_name argument_list                              { $$ = Node\Attribute[$1, $2]; }
90 ;
91 
92 attribute_group:
93       attribute_decl                                        { init($1); }
94     | attribute_group ',' attribute_decl                    { push($1, $3); }
95 ;
96 
97 attribute:
98       T_ATTRIBUTE attribute_group optional_comma ']'        { $$ = Node\AttributeGroup[$2]; }
99 ;
100 
101 attributes:
102       attribute                                             { init($1); }
103     | attributes attribute                                  { push($1, $2); }
104 ;
105 
106 optional_attributes:
107       /* empty */                                           { $$ = []; }
108     | attributes                                            { $$ = $1; }
109 ;
110 
111 top_statement:
112       statement                                             { $$ = $1; }
113     | function_declaration_statement                        { $$ = $1; }
114     | class_declaration_statement                           { $$ = $1; }
115     | T_HALT_COMPILER
116           { $$ = Stmt\HaltCompiler[$this->lexer->handleHaltCompiler()]; }
117     | T_NAMESPACE namespace_declaration_name semi
118           { $$ = Stmt\Namespace_[$2, null];
119             $$->setAttribute('kind', Stmt\Namespace_::KIND_SEMICOLON);
120             $this->checkNamespace($$); }
121     | T_NAMESPACE namespace_declaration_name '{' top_statement_list '}'
122           { $$ = Stmt\Namespace_[$2, $4];
123             $$->setAttribute('kind', Stmt\Namespace_::KIND_BRACED);
124             $this->checkNamespace($$); }
125     | T_NAMESPACE '{' top_statement_list '}'
126           { $$ = Stmt\Namespace_[null, $3];
127             $$->setAttribute('kind', Stmt\Namespace_::KIND_BRACED);
128             $this->checkNamespace($$); }
129     | T_USE use_declarations semi                           { $$ = Stmt\Use_[$2, Stmt\Use_::TYPE_NORMAL]; }
130     | T_USE use_type use_declarations semi                  { $$ = Stmt\Use_[$3, $2]; }
131     | group_use_declaration semi                            { $$ = $1; }
132     | T_CONST constant_declaration_list semi                { $$ = Stmt\Const_[$2]; }
133 ;
134 
135 use_type:
136       T_FUNCTION                                            { $$ = Stmt\Use_::TYPE_FUNCTION; }
137     | T_CONST                                               { $$ = Stmt\Use_::TYPE_CONSTANT; }
138 ;
139 
140 group_use_declaration:
141       T_USE use_type legacy_namespace_name T_NS_SEPARATOR '{' unprefixed_use_declarations '}'
142           { $$ = Stmt\GroupUse[$3, $6, $2]; }
143     | T_USE legacy_namespace_name T_NS_SEPARATOR '{' inline_use_declarations '}'
144           { $$ = Stmt\GroupUse[$2, $5, Stmt\Use_::TYPE_UNKNOWN]; }
145 ;
146 
147 unprefixed_use_declarations:
148       non_empty_unprefixed_use_declarations optional_comma  { $$ = $1; }
149 ;
150 
151 non_empty_unprefixed_use_declarations:
152       non_empty_unprefixed_use_declarations ',' unprefixed_use_declaration
153           { push($1, $3); }
154     | unprefixed_use_declaration                            { init($1); }
155 ;
156 
157 use_declarations:
158       non_empty_use_declarations no_comma                   { $$ = $1; }
159 ;
160 
161 non_empty_use_declarations:
162       non_empty_use_declarations ',' use_declaration        { push($1, $3); }
163     | use_declaration                                       { init($1); }
164 ;
165 
166 inline_use_declarations:
167       non_empty_inline_use_declarations optional_comma      { $$ = $1; }
168 ;
169 
170 non_empty_inline_use_declarations:
171       non_empty_inline_use_declarations ',' inline_use_declaration
172           { push($1, $3); }
173     | inline_use_declaration                                { init($1); }
174 ;
175 
176 unprefixed_use_declaration:
177       namespace_name
178           { $$ = Stmt\UseUse[$1, null, Stmt\Use_::TYPE_UNKNOWN]; $this->checkUseUse($$, #1); }
179     | namespace_name T_AS identifier
180           { $$ = Stmt\UseUse[$1, $3, Stmt\Use_::TYPE_UNKNOWN]; $this->checkUseUse($$, #3); }
181 ;
182 
183 use_declaration:
184       legacy_namespace_name
185           { $$ = Stmt\UseUse[$1, null, Stmt\Use_::TYPE_UNKNOWN]; $this->checkUseUse($$, #1); }
186     | legacy_namespace_name T_AS identifier
187           { $$ = Stmt\UseUse[$1, $3, Stmt\Use_::TYPE_UNKNOWN]; $this->checkUseUse($$, #3); }
188 ;
189 
190 inline_use_declaration:
191       unprefixed_use_declaration                            { $$ = $1; $$->type = Stmt\Use_::TYPE_NORMAL; }
192     | use_type unprefixed_use_declaration                   { $$ = $2; $$->type = $1; }
193 ;
194 
195 constant_declaration_list:
196       non_empty_constant_declaration_list no_comma          { $$ = $1; }
197 ;
198 
199 non_empty_constant_declaration_list:
200       non_empty_constant_declaration_list ',' constant_declaration
201           { push($1, $3); }
202     | constant_declaration                                  { init($1); }
203 ;
204 
205 constant_declaration:
206     identifier '=' expr                                     { $$ = Node\Const_[$1, $3]; }
207 ;
208 
209 class_const_list:
210       non_empty_class_const_list no_comma                   { $$ = $1; }
211 ;
212 
213 non_empty_class_const_list:
214       non_empty_class_const_list ',' class_const            { push($1, $3); }
215     | class_const                                           { init($1); }
216 ;
217 
218 class_const:
219     identifier_ex '=' expr                                  { $$ = Node\Const_[$1, $3]; }
220 ;
221 
222 inner_statement_list_ex:
223       inner_statement_list_ex inner_statement               { pushNormalizing($1, $2); }
224     | /* empty */                                           { init(); }
225 ;
226 
227 inner_statement_list:
228       inner_statement_list_ex
229           { makeZeroLengthNop($nop, $this->lookaheadStartAttributes);
230             if ($nop !== null) { $1[] = $nop; } $$ = $1; }
231 ;
232 
233 inner_statement:
234       statement                                             { $$ = $1; }
235     | function_declaration_statement                        { $$ = $1; }
236     | class_declaration_statement                           { $$ = $1; }
237     | T_HALT_COMPILER
238           { throw new Error('__HALT_COMPILER() can only be used from the outermost scope', attributes()); }
239 ;
240 
241 non_empty_statement:
242       '{' inner_statement_list '}'
243     {
244         if ($2) {
245             $$ = $2; prependLeadingComments($$);
246         } else {
247             makeNop($$, $this->startAttributeStack[#1], $this->endAttributes);
248             if (null === $$) { $$ = array(); }
249         }
250     }
251     | T_IF '(' expr ')' statement elseif_list else_single
252           { $$ = Stmt\If_[$3, ['stmts' => toArray($5), 'elseifs' => $6, 'else' => $7]]; }
253     | T_IF '(' expr ')' ':' inner_statement_list new_elseif_list new_else_single T_ENDIF ';'
254           { $$ = Stmt\If_[$3, ['stmts' => $6, 'elseifs' => $7, 'else' => $8]]; }
255     | T_WHILE '(' expr ')' while_statement                  { $$ = Stmt\While_[$3, $5]; }
256     | T_DO statement T_WHILE '(' expr ')' ';'               { $$ = Stmt\Do_   [$5, toArray($2)]; }
257     | T_FOR '(' for_expr ';'  for_expr ';' for_expr ')' for_statement
258           { $$ = Stmt\For_[['init' => $3, 'cond' => $5, 'loop' => $7, 'stmts' => $9]]; }
259     | T_SWITCH '(' expr ')' switch_case_list                { $$ = Stmt\Switch_[$3, $5]; }
260     | T_BREAK optional_expr semi                            { $$ = Stmt\Break_[$2]; }
261     | T_CONTINUE optional_expr semi                         { $$ = Stmt\Continue_[$2]; }
262     | T_RETURN optional_expr semi                           { $$ = Stmt\Return_[$2]; }
263     | T_GLOBAL global_var_list semi                         { $$ = Stmt\Global_[$2]; }
264     | T_STATIC static_var_list semi                         { $$ = Stmt\Static_[$2]; }
265     | T_ECHO expr_list_forbid_comma semi                    { $$ = Stmt\Echo_[$2]; }
266     | T_INLINE_HTML                                         { $$ = Stmt\InlineHTML[$1]; }
267     | expr semi {
268         $e = $1;
269         if ($e instanceof Expr\Throw_) {
270             // For backwards-compatibility reasons, convert throw in statement position into
271             // Stmt\Throw_ rather than Stmt\Expression(Expr\Throw_).
272             $$ = Stmt\Throw_[$e->expr];
273         } else {
274             $$ = Stmt\Expression[$e];
275         }
276     }
277     | T_UNSET '(' variables_list ')' semi                   { $$ = Stmt\Unset_[$3]; }
278     | T_FOREACH '(' expr T_AS foreach_variable ')' foreach_statement
279           { $$ = Stmt\Foreach_[$3, $5[0], ['keyVar' => null, 'byRef' => $5[1], 'stmts' => $7]]; }
280     | T_FOREACH '(' expr T_AS variable T_DOUBLE_ARROW foreach_variable ')' foreach_statement
281           { $$ = Stmt\Foreach_[$3, $7[0], ['keyVar' => $5, 'byRef' => $7[1], 'stmts' => $9]]; }
282     | T_FOREACH '(' expr error ')' foreach_statement
283           { $$ = Stmt\Foreach_[$3, new Expr\Error(stackAttributes(#4)), ['stmts' => $6]]; }
284     | T_DECLARE '(' declare_list ')' declare_statement      { $$ = Stmt\Declare_[$3, $5]; }
285     | T_TRY '{' inner_statement_list '}' catches optional_finally
286           { $$ = Stmt\TryCatch[$3, $5, $6]; $this->checkTryCatch($$); }
287     | T_GOTO identifier semi                                { $$ = Stmt\Goto_[$2]; }
288     | identifier ':'                                        { $$ = Stmt\Label[$1]; }
289     | error                                                 { $$ = array(); /* means: no statement */ }
290 ;
291 
292 statement:
293       non_empty_statement                                   { $$ = $1; }
294     | ';'
295           { makeNop($$, $this->startAttributeStack[#1], $this->endAttributes);
296             if ($$ === null) $$ = array(); /* means: no statement */ }
297 ;
298 
299 catches:
300       /* empty */                                           { init(); }
301     | catches catch                                         { push($1, $2); }
302 ;
303 
304 name_union:
305       name                                                  { init($1); }
306     | name_union '|' name                                   { push($1, $3); }
307 ;
308 
309 catch:
310     T_CATCH '(' name_union optional_plain_variable ')' '{' inner_statement_list '}'
311         { $$ = Stmt\Catch_[$3, $4, $7]; }
312 ;
313 
314 optional_finally:
315       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
316     | T_FINALLY '{' inner_statement_list '}'                { $$ = Stmt\Finally_[$3]; }
317 ;
318 
319 variables_list:
320       non_empty_variables_list optional_comma               { $$ = $1; }
321 ;
322 
323 non_empty_variables_list:
324       variable                                              { init($1); }
325     | non_empty_variables_list ',' variable                 { push($1, $3); }
326 ;
327 
328 optional_ref:
329       /* empty */                                           { $$ = false; }
330     | '&'                                                   { $$ = true; }
331 ;
332 
333 optional_ellipsis:
334       /* empty */                                           { $$ = false; }
335     | T_ELLIPSIS                                            { $$ = true; }
336 ;
337 
338 block_or_error:
339       '{' inner_statement_list '}'                          { $$ = $2; }
340     | error                                                 { $$ = []; }
341 ;
342 
343 function_declaration_statement:
344       T_FUNCTION optional_ref identifier '(' parameter_list ')' optional_return_type block_or_error
345           { $$ = Stmt\Function_[$3, ['byRef' => $2, 'params' => $5, 'returnType' => $7, 'stmts' => $8, 'attrGroups' => []]]; }
346     | attributes T_FUNCTION optional_ref identifier '(' parameter_list ')' optional_return_type block_or_error
347           { $$ = Stmt\Function_[$4, ['byRef' => $3, 'params' => $6, 'returnType' => $8, 'stmts' => $9, 'attrGroups' => $1]]; }
348 ;
349 
350 class_declaration_statement:
351       optional_attributes class_entry_type identifier extends_from implements_list '{' class_statement_list '}'
352           { $$ = Stmt\Class_[$3, ['type' => $2, 'extends' => $4, 'implements' => $5, 'stmts' => $7, 'attrGroups' => $1]];
353             $this->checkClass($$, #3); }
354     | optional_attributes T_INTERFACE identifier interface_extends_list '{' class_statement_list '}'
355           { $$ = Stmt\Interface_[$3, ['extends' => $4, 'stmts' => $6, 'attrGroups' => $1]];
356             $this->checkInterface($$, #3); }
357     | optional_attributes T_TRAIT identifier '{' class_statement_list '}'
358           { $$ = Stmt\Trait_[$3, ['stmts' => $5, 'attrGroups' => $1]]; }
359 ;
360 
361 class_entry_type:
362       T_CLASS                                               { $$ = 0; }
363     | T_ABSTRACT T_CLASS                                    { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_ABSTRACT; }
364     | T_FINAL T_CLASS                                       { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_FINAL; }
365 ;
366 
367 extends_from:
368       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
369     | T_EXTENDS class_name                                  { $$ = $2; }
370 ;
371 
372 interface_extends_list:
373       /* empty */                                           { $$ = array(); }
374     | T_EXTENDS class_name_list                             { $$ = $2; }
375 ;
376 
377 implements_list:
378       /* empty */                                           { $$ = array(); }
379     | T_IMPLEMENTS class_name_list                          { $$ = $2; }
380 ;
381 
382 class_name_list:
383       non_empty_class_name_list no_comma                    { $$ = $1; }
384 ;
385 
386 non_empty_class_name_list:
387       class_name                                            { init($1); }
388     | non_empty_class_name_list ',' class_name              { push($1, $3); }
389 ;
390 
391 for_statement:
392       statement                                             { $$ = toArray($1); }
393     | ':' inner_statement_list T_ENDFOR ';'                 { $$ = $2; }
394 ;
395 
396 foreach_statement:
397       statement                                             { $$ = toArray($1); }
398     | ':' inner_statement_list T_ENDFOREACH ';'             { $$ = $2; }
399 ;
400 
401 declare_statement:
402       non_empty_statement                                   { $$ = toArray($1); }
403     | ';'                                                   { $$ = null; }
404     | ':' inner_statement_list T_ENDDECLARE ';'             { $$ = $2; }
405 ;
406 
407 declare_list:
408       non_empty_declare_list no_comma                       { $$ = $1; }
409 ;
410 
411 non_empty_declare_list:
412       declare_list_element                                  { init($1); }
413     | non_empty_declare_list ',' declare_list_element       { push($1, $3); }
414 ;
415 
416 declare_list_element:
417       identifier '=' expr                                   { $$ = Stmt\DeclareDeclare[$1, $3]; }
418 ;
419 
420 switch_case_list:
421       '{' case_list '}'                                     { $$ = $2; }
422     | '{' ';' case_list '}'                                 { $$ = $3; }
423     | ':' case_list T_ENDSWITCH ';'                         { $$ = $2; }
424     | ':' ';' case_list T_ENDSWITCH ';'                     { $$ = $3; }
425 ;
426 
427 case_list:
428       /* empty */                                           { init(); }
429     | case_list case                                        { push($1, $2); }
430 ;
431 
432 case:
433       T_CASE expr case_separator inner_statement_list_ex    { $$ = Stmt\Case_[$2, $4]; }
434     | T_DEFAULT case_separator inner_statement_list_ex      { $$ = Stmt\Case_[null, $3]; }
435 ;
436 
437 case_separator:
438       ':'
439     | ';'
440 ;
441 
442 match:
443       T_MATCH '(' expr ')' '{' match_arm_list '}'           { $$ = Expr\Match_[$3, $6]; }
444 ;
445 
446 match_arm_list:
447       /* empty */                                           { $$ = []; }
448     | non_empty_match_arm_list optional_comma               { $$ = $1; }
449 ;
450 
451 non_empty_match_arm_list:
452       match_arm                                             { init($1); }
453     | non_empty_match_arm_list ',' match_arm                { push($1, $3); }
454 ;
455 
456 match_arm:
457       expr_list_allow_comma T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr             { $$ = Node\MatchArm[$1, $3]; }
458     | T_DEFAULT optional_comma T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr          { $$ = Node\MatchArm[null, $4]; }
459 ;
460 
461 while_statement:
462       statement                                             { $$ = toArray($1); }
463     | ':' inner_statement_list T_ENDWHILE ';'               { $$ = $2; }
464 ;
465 
466 elseif_list:
467       /* empty */                                           { init(); }
468     | elseif_list elseif                                    { push($1, $2); }
469 ;
470 
471 elseif:
472       T_ELSEIF '(' expr ')' statement                       { $$ = Stmt\ElseIf_[$3, toArray($5)]; }
473 ;
474 
475 new_elseif_list:
476       /* empty */                                           { init(); }
477     | new_elseif_list new_elseif                            { push($1, $2); }
478 ;
479 
480 new_elseif:
481      T_ELSEIF '(' expr ')' ':' inner_statement_list         { $$ = Stmt\ElseIf_[$3, $6]; }
482 ;
483 
484 else_single:
485       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
486     | T_ELSE statement                                      { $$ = Stmt\Else_[toArray($2)]; }
487 ;
488 
489 new_else_single:
490       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
491     | T_ELSE ':' inner_statement_list                       { $$ = Stmt\Else_[$3]; }
492 ;
493 
494 foreach_variable:
495       variable                                              { $$ = array($1, false); }
496     | '&' variable                                          { $$ = array($2, true); }
497     | list_expr                                             { $$ = array($1, false); }
498     | array_short_syntax                                    { $$ = array($1, false); }
499 ;
500 
501 parameter_list:
502       non_empty_parameter_list optional_comma               { $$ = $1; }
503     | /* empty */                                           { $$ = array(); }
504 ;
505 
506 non_empty_parameter_list:
507       parameter                                             { init($1); }
508     | non_empty_parameter_list ',' parameter                { push($1, $3); }
509 ;
510 
511 optional_visibility_modifier:
512       /* empty */               { $$ = 0; }
513     | T_PUBLIC                  { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_PUBLIC; }
514     | T_PROTECTED               { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_PROTECTED; }
515     | T_PRIVATE                 { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_PRIVATE; }
516 ;
517 
518 parameter:
519       optional_attributes optional_visibility_modifier optional_type_without_static optional_ref optional_ellipsis plain_variable
520           { $$ = new Node\Param($6, null, $3, $4, $5, attributes(), $2, $1);
521             $this->checkParam($$); }
522     | optional_attributes optional_visibility_modifier optional_type_without_static optional_ref optional_ellipsis plain_variable '=' expr
523           { $$ = new Node\Param($6, $8, $3, $4, $5, attributes(), $2, $1);
524             $this->checkParam($$); }
525     | optional_attributes optional_visibility_modifier optional_type_without_static optional_ref optional_ellipsis error
526           { $$ = new Node\Param(Expr\Error[], null, $3, $4, $5, attributes(), $2, $1); }
527 ;
528 
529 type_expr:
530       type                                                  { $$ = $1; }
531     | '?' type                                              { $$ = Node\NullableType[$2]; }
532     | union_type                                            { $$ = Node\UnionType[$1]; }
533 ;
534 
535 type:
536       type_without_static                                   { $$ = $1; }
537     | T_STATIC                                              { $$ = Node\Name['static']; }
538 ;
539 
540 type_without_static:
541       name                                                  { $$ = $this->handleBuiltinTypes($1); }
542     | T_ARRAY                                               { $$ = Node\Identifier['array']; }
543     | T_CALLABLE                                            { $$ = Node\Identifier['callable']; }
544 ;
545 
546 union_type:
547       type '|' type                                         { init($1, $3); }
548     | union_type '|' type                                   { push($1, $3); }
549 ;
550 
551 union_type_without_static:
552       type_without_static '|' type_without_static           { init($1, $3); }
553     | union_type_without_static '|' type_without_static     { push($1, $3); }
554 ;
555 
556 type_expr_without_static:
557       type_without_static                                   { $$ = $1; }
558     | '?' type_without_static                               { $$ = Node\NullableType[$2]; }
559     | union_type_without_static                             { $$ = Node\UnionType[$1]; }
560 ;
561 
562 optional_type_without_static:
563       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
564     | type_expr_without_static                              { $$ = $1; }
565 ;
566 
567 optional_return_type:
568       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
569     | ':' type_expr                                         { $$ = $2; }
570     | ':' error                                             { $$ = null; }
571 ;
572 
573 argument_list:
574       '(' ')'                                               { $$ = array(); }
575     | '(' non_empty_argument_list optional_comma ')'        { $$ = $2; }
576 ;
577 
578 non_empty_argument_list:
579       argument                                              { init($1); }
580     | non_empty_argument_list ',' argument                  { push($1, $3); }
581 ;
582 
583 argument:
584       expr                                                  { $$ = Node\Arg[$1, false, false]; }
585     | '&' variable                                          { $$ = Node\Arg[$2, true, false]; }
586     | T_ELLIPSIS expr                                       { $$ = Node\Arg[$2, false, true]; }
587     | identifier_ex ':' expr
588           { $$ = new Node\Arg($3, false, false, attributes(), $1); }
589 ;
590 
591 global_var_list:
592       non_empty_global_var_list no_comma                    { $$ = $1; }
593 ;
594 
595 non_empty_global_var_list:
596       non_empty_global_var_list ',' global_var              { push($1, $3); }
597     | global_var                                            { init($1); }
598 ;
599 
600 global_var:
601       simple_variable                                       { $$ = $1; }
602 ;
603 
604 static_var_list:
605       non_empty_static_var_list no_comma                    { $$ = $1; }
606 ;
607 
608 non_empty_static_var_list:
609       non_empty_static_var_list ',' static_var              { push($1, $3); }
610     | static_var                                            { init($1); }
611 ;
612 
613 static_var:
614       plain_variable                                        { $$ = Stmt\StaticVar[$1, null]; }
615     | plain_variable '=' expr                               { $$ = Stmt\StaticVar[$1, $3]; }
616 ;
617 
618 class_statement_list_ex:
619       class_statement_list_ex class_statement               { if ($2 !== null) { push($1, $2); } }
620     | /* empty */                                           { init(); }
621 ;
622 
623 class_statement_list:
624       class_statement_list_ex
625           { makeZeroLengthNop($nop, $this->lookaheadStartAttributes);
626             if ($nop !== null) { $1[] = $nop; } $$ = $1; }
627 ;
628 
629 class_statement:
630       optional_attributes variable_modifiers optional_type_without_static property_declaration_list semi
631           { $$ = new Stmt\Property($2, $4, attributes(), $3, $1);
632             $this->checkProperty($$, #2); }
633     | optional_attributes method_modifiers T_CONST class_const_list semi
634           { $$ = new Stmt\ClassConst($4, $2, attributes(), $1);
635             $this->checkClassConst($$, #2); }
636     | optional_attributes method_modifiers T_FUNCTION optional_ref identifier_ex '(' parameter_list ')' optional_return_type method_body
637           { $$ = Stmt\ClassMethod[$5, ['type' => $2, 'byRef' => $4, 'params' => $7, 'returnType' => $9, 'stmts' => $10, 'attrGroups' => $1]];
638             $this->checkClassMethod($$, #2); }
639     | T_USE class_name_list trait_adaptations               { $$ = Stmt\TraitUse[$2, $3]; }
640     | error                                                 { $$ = null; /* will be skipped */ }
641 ;
642 
643 trait_adaptations:
644       ';'                                                   { $$ = array(); }
645     | '{' trait_adaptation_list '}'                         { $$ = $2; }
646 ;
647 
648 trait_adaptation_list:
649       /* empty */                                           { init(); }
650     | trait_adaptation_list trait_adaptation                { push($1, $2); }
651 ;
652 
653 trait_adaptation:
654       trait_method_reference_fully_qualified T_INSTEADOF class_name_list ';'
655           { $$ = Stmt\TraitUseAdaptation\Precedence[$1[0], $1[1], $3]; }
656     | trait_method_reference T_AS member_modifier identifier_ex ';'
657           { $$ = Stmt\TraitUseAdaptation\Alias[$1[0], $1[1], $3, $4]; }
658     | trait_method_reference T_AS member_modifier ';'
659           { $$ = Stmt\TraitUseAdaptation\Alias[$1[0], $1[1], $3, null]; }
660     | trait_method_reference T_AS identifier ';'
661           { $$ = Stmt\TraitUseAdaptation\Alias[$1[0], $1[1], null, $3]; }
662     | trait_method_reference T_AS reserved_non_modifiers_identifier ';'
663           { $$ = Stmt\TraitUseAdaptation\Alias[$1[0], $1[1], null, $3]; }
664 ;
665 
666 trait_method_reference_fully_qualified:
667       name T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM identifier_ex             { $$ = array($1, $3); }
668 ;
669 trait_method_reference:
670       trait_method_reference_fully_qualified                { $$ = $1; }
671     | identifier_ex                                         { $$ = array(null, $1); }
672 ;
673 
674 method_body:
675       ';' /* abstract method */                             { $$ = null; }
676     | block_or_error                                        { $$ = $1; }
677 ;
678 
679 variable_modifiers:
680       non_empty_member_modifiers                            { $$ = $1; }
681     | T_VAR                                                 { $$ = 0; }
682 ;
683 
684 method_modifiers:
685       /* empty */                                           { $$ = 0; }
686     | non_empty_member_modifiers                            { $$ = $1; }
687 ;
688 
689 non_empty_member_modifiers:
690       member_modifier                                       { $$ = $1; }
691     | non_empty_member_modifiers member_modifier            { $this->checkModifier($1, $2, #2); $$ = $1 | $2; }
692 ;
693 
694 member_modifier:
695       T_PUBLIC                                              { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_PUBLIC; }
696     | T_PROTECTED                                           { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_PROTECTED; }
697     | T_PRIVATE                                             { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_PRIVATE; }
698     | T_STATIC                                              { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_STATIC; }
699     | T_ABSTRACT                                            { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_ABSTRACT; }
700     | T_FINAL                                               { $$ = Stmt\Class_::MODIFIER_FINAL; }
701 ;
702 
703 property_declaration_list:
704       non_empty_property_declaration_list no_comma          { $$ = $1; }
705 ;
706 
707 non_empty_property_declaration_list:
708       property_declaration                                  { init($1); }
709     | non_empty_property_declaration_list ',' property_declaration
710           { push($1, $3); }
711 ;
712 
713 property_decl_name:
714       T_VARIABLE                                            { $$ = Node\VarLikeIdentifier[parseVar($1)]; }
715 ;
716 
717 property_declaration:
718       property_decl_name                                    { $$ = Stmt\PropertyProperty[$1, null]; }
719     | property_decl_name '=' expr                           { $$ = Stmt\PropertyProperty[$1, $3]; }
720 ;
721 
722 expr_list_forbid_comma:
723       non_empty_expr_list no_comma                          { $$ = $1; }
724 ;
725 
726 expr_list_allow_comma:
727       non_empty_expr_list optional_comma                    { $$ = $1; }
728 ;
729 
730 non_empty_expr_list:
731       non_empty_expr_list ',' expr                          { push($1, $3); }
732     | expr                                                  { init($1); }
733 ;
734 
735 for_expr:
736       /* empty */                                           { $$ = array(); }
737     | expr_list_forbid_comma                                { $$ = $1; }
738 ;
739 
740 expr:
741       variable                                              { $$ = $1; }
742     | list_expr '=' expr                                    { $$ = Expr\Assign[$1, $3]; }
743     | array_short_syntax '=' expr                           { $$ = Expr\Assign[$1, $3]; }
744     | variable '=' expr                                     { $$ = Expr\Assign[$1, $3]; }
745     | variable '=' '&' variable                             { $$ = Expr\AssignRef[$1, $4]; }
746     | new_expr                                              { $$ = $1; }
747     | match                                                 { $$ = $1; }
748     | T_CLONE expr                                          { $$ = Expr\Clone_[$2]; }
749     | variable T_PLUS_EQUAL expr                            { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Plus      [$1, $3]; }
750     | variable T_MINUS_EQUAL expr                           { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Minus     [$1, $3]; }
751     | variable T_MUL_EQUAL expr                             { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Mul       [$1, $3]; }
752     | variable T_DIV_EQUAL expr                             { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Div       [$1, $3]; }
753     | variable T_CONCAT_EQUAL expr                          { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Concat    [$1, $3]; }
754     | variable T_MOD_EQUAL expr                             { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Mod       [$1, $3]; }
755     | variable T_AND_EQUAL expr                             { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\BitwiseAnd[$1, $3]; }
756     | variable T_OR_EQUAL expr                              { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\BitwiseOr [$1, $3]; }
757     | variable T_XOR_EQUAL expr                             { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\BitwiseXor[$1, $3]; }
758     | variable T_SL_EQUAL expr                              { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\ShiftLeft [$1, $3]; }
759     | variable T_SR_EQUAL expr                              { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\ShiftRight[$1, $3]; }
760     | variable T_POW_EQUAL expr                             { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Pow       [$1, $3]; }
761     | variable T_COALESCE_EQUAL expr                        { $$ = Expr\AssignOp\Coalesce  [$1, $3]; }
762     | variable T_INC                                        { $$ = Expr\PostInc[$1]; }
763     | T_INC variable                                        { $$ = Expr\PreInc [$2]; }
764     | variable T_DEC                                        { $$ = Expr\PostDec[$1]; }
765     | T_DEC variable                                        { $$ = Expr\PreDec [$2]; }
766     | expr T_BOOLEAN_OR expr                                { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\BooleanOr [$1, $3]; }
767     | expr T_BOOLEAN_AND expr                               { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\BooleanAnd[$1, $3]; }
768     | expr T_LOGICAL_OR expr                                { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\LogicalOr [$1, $3]; }
769     | expr T_LOGICAL_AND expr                               { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\LogicalAnd[$1, $3]; }
770     | expr T_LOGICAL_XOR expr                               { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\LogicalXor[$1, $3]; }
771     | expr '|' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\BitwiseOr [$1, $3]; }
772     | expr '&' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\BitwiseAnd[$1, $3]; }
773     | expr '^' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\BitwiseXor[$1, $3]; }
774     | expr '.' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Concat    [$1, $3]; }
775     | expr '+' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Plus      [$1, $3]; }
776     | expr '-' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Minus     [$1, $3]; }
777     | expr '*' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Mul       [$1, $3]; }
778     | expr '/' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Div       [$1, $3]; }
779     | expr '%' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Mod       [$1, $3]; }
780     | expr T_SL expr                                        { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\ShiftLeft [$1, $3]; }
781     | expr T_SR expr                                        { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\ShiftRight[$1, $3]; }
782     | expr T_POW expr                                       { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Pow       [$1, $3]; }
783     | '+' expr %prec T_INC                                  { $$ = Expr\UnaryPlus [$2]; }
784     | '-' expr %prec T_INC                                  { $$ = Expr\UnaryMinus[$2]; }
785     | '!' expr                                              { $$ = Expr\BooleanNot[$2]; }
786     | '~' expr                                              { $$ = Expr\BitwiseNot[$2]; }
787     | expr T_IS_IDENTICAL expr                              { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Identical     [$1, $3]; }
788     | expr T_IS_NOT_IDENTICAL expr                          { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\NotIdentical  [$1, $3]; }
789     | expr T_IS_EQUAL expr                                  { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Equal         [$1, $3]; }
790     | expr T_IS_NOT_EQUAL expr                              { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\NotEqual      [$1, $3]; }
791     | expr T_SPACESHIP expr                                 { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Spaceship     [$1, $3]; }
792     | expr '<' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Smaller       [$1, $3]; }
793     | expr T_IS_SMALLER_OR_EQUAL expr                       { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\SmallerOrEqual[$1, $3]; }
794     | expr '>' expr                                         { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Greater       [$1, $3]; }
795     | expr T_IS_GREATER_OR_EQUAL expr                       { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\GreaterOrEqual[$1, $3]; }
796     | expr T_INSTANCEOF class_name_reference                { $$ = Expr\Instanceof_[$1, $3]; }
797     | '(' expr ')'                                          { $$ = $2; }
798     | expr '?' expr ':' expr                                { $$ = Expr\Ternary[$1, $3,   $5]; }
799     | expr '?' ':' expr                                     { $$ = Expr\Ternary[$1, null, $4]; }
800     | expr T_COALESCE expr                                  { $$ = Expr\BinaryOp\Coalesce[$1, $3]; }
801     | T_ISSET '(' expr_list_allow_comma ')'                 { $$ = Expr\Isset_[$3]; }
802     | T_EMPTY '(' expr ')'                                  { $$ = Expr\Empty_[$3]; }
803     | T_INCLUDE expr                                        { $$ = Expr\Include_[$2, Expr\Include_::TYPE_INCLUDE]; }
804     | T_INCLUDE_ONCE expr                                   { $$ = Expr\Include_[$2, Expr\Include_::TYPE_INCLUDE_ONCE]; }
805     | T_EVAL '(' expr ')'                                   { $$ = Expr\Eval_[$3]; }
806     | T_REQUIRE expr                                        { $$ = Expr\Include_[$2, Expr\Include_::TYPE_REQUIRE]; }
807     | T_REQUIRE_ONCE expr                                   { $$ = Expr\Include_[$2, Expr\Include_::TYPE_REQUIRE_ONCE]; }
808     | T_INT_CAST expr                                       { $$ = Expr\Cast\Int_    [$2]; }
809     | T_DOUBLE_CAST expr
810           { $attrs = attributes();
811             $attrs['kind'] = $this->getFloatCastKind($1);
812             $$ = new Expr\Cast\Double($2, $attrs); }
813     | T_STRING_CAST expr                                    { $$ = Expr\Cast\String_ [$2]; }
814     | T_ARRAY_CAST expr                                     { $$ = Expr\Cast\Array_  [$2]; }
815     | T_OBJECT_CAST expr                                    { $$ = Expr\Cast\Object_ [$2]; }
816     | T_BOOL_CAST expr                                      { $$ = Expr\Cast\Bool_   [$2]; }
817     | T_UNSET_CAST expr                                     { $$ = Expr\Cast\Unset_  [$2]; }
818     | T_EXIT exit_expr
819           { $attrs = attributes();
820             $attrs['kind'] = strtolower($1) === 'exit' ? Expr\Exit_::KIND_EXIT : Expr\Exit_::KIND_DIE;
821             $$ = new Expr\Exit_($2, $attrs); }
822     | '@' expr                                              { $$ = Expr\ErrorSuppress[$2]; }
823     | scalar                                                { $$ = $1; }
824     | '`' backticks_expr '`'                                { $$ = Expr\ShellExec[$2]; }
825     | T_PRINT expr                                          { $$ = Expr\Print_[$2]; }
826     | T_YIELD                                               { $$ = Expr\Yield_[null, null]; }
827     | T_YIELD expr                                          { $$ = Expr\Yield_[$2, null]; }
828     | T_YIELD expr T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr                      { $$ = Expr\Yield_[$4, $2]; }
829     | T_YIELD_FROM expr                                     { $$ = Expr\YieldFrom[$2]; }
830     | T_THROW expr                                          { $$ = Expr\Throw_[$2]; }
831 
832     | T_FN optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' optional_return_type T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr
833           { $$ = Expr\ArrowFunction[['static' => false, 'byRef' => $2, 'params' => $4, 'returnType' => $6, 'expr' => $8, 'attrGroups' => []]]; }
834     | T_STATIC T_FN optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' optional_return_type T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr
835           { $$ = Expr\ArrowFunction[['static' => true, 'byRef' => $3, 'params' => $5, 'returnType' => $7, 'expr' => $9, 'attrGroups' => []]]; }
836     | T_FUNCTION optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' lexical_vars optional_return_type block_or_error
837           { $$ = Expr\Closure[['static' => false, 'byRef' => $2, 'params' => $4, 'uses' => $6, 'returnType' => $7, 'stmts' => $8, 'attrGroups' => []]]; }
838     | T_STATIC T_FUNCTION optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' lexical_vars optional_return_type       block_or_error
839           { $$ = Expr\Closure[['static' => true, 'byRef' => $3, 'params' => $5, 'uses' => $7, 'returnType' => $8, 'stmts' => $9, 'attrGroups' => []]]; }
840 
841     | attributes T_FN optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' optional_return_type T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr
842           { $$ = Expr\ArrowFunction[['static' => false, 'byRef' => $3, 'params' => $5, 'returnType' => $7, 'expr' => $9, 'attrGroups' => $1]]; }
843     | attributes T_STATIC T_FN optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' optional_return_type T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr
844           { $$ = Expr\ArrowFunction[['static' => true, 'byRef' => $4, 'params' => $6, 'returnType' => $8, 'expr' => $10, 'attrGroups' => $1]]; }
845     | attributes T_FUNCTION optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' lexical_vars optional_return_type block_or_error
846           { $$ = Expr\Closure[['static' => false, 'byRef' => $3, 'params' => $5, 'uses' => $7, 'returnType' => $8, 'stmts' => $9, 'attrGroups' => $1]]; }
847     | attributes T_STATIC T_FUNCTION optional_ref '(' parameter_list ')' lexical_vars optional_return_type       block_or_error
848           { $$ = Expr\Closure[['static' => true, 'byRef' => $4, 'params' => $6, 'uses' => $8, 'returnType' => $9, 'stmts' => $10, 'attrGroups' => $1]]; }
849 ;
850 
851 anonymous_class:
852       optional_attributes T_CLASS ctor_arguments extends_from implements_list '{' class_statement_list '}'
853           { $$ = array(Stmt\Class_[null, ['type' => 0, 'extends' => $4, 'implements' => $5, 'stmts' => $7, 'attrGroups' => $1]], $3);
854             $this->checkClass($$[0], -1); }
855 ;
856 
857 new_expr:
858       T_NEW class_name_reference ctor_arguments             { $$ = Expr\New_[$2, $3]; }
859     | T_NEW anonymous_class
860           { list($class, $ctorArgs) = $2; $$ = Expr\New_[$class, $ctorArgs]; }
861 ;
862 
863 lexical_vars:
864       /* empty */                                           { $$ = array(); }
865     | T_USE '(' lexical_var_list ')'                        { $$ = $3; }
866 ;
867 
868 lexical_var_list:
869       non_empty_lexical_var_list optional_comma             { $$ = $1; }
870 ;
871 
872 non_empty_lexical_var_list:
873       lexical_var                                           { init($1); }
874     | non_empty_lexical_var_list ',' lexical_var            { push($1, $3); }
875 ;
876 
877 lexical_var:
878       optional_ref plain_variable                           { $$ = Expr\ClosureUse[$2, $1]; }
879 ;
880 
881 function_call:
882       name argument_list                                    { $$ = Expr\FuncCall[$1, $2]; }
883     | callable_expr argument_list                           { $$ = Expr\FuncCall[$1, $2]; }
884     | class_name_or_var T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM member_name argument_list
885           { $$ = Expr\StaticCall[$1, $3, $4]; }
886 ;
887 
888 class_name:
889       T_STATIC                                              { $$ = Name[$1]; }
890     | name                                                  { $$ = $1; }
891 ;
892 
893 name:
894       T_STRING                                              { $$ = Name[$1]; }
895     | T_NAME_QUALIFIED                                      { $$ = Name[$1]; }
896     | T_NAME_FULLY_QUALIFIED                                { $$ = Name\FullyQualified[substr($1, 1)]; }
897     | T_NAME_RELATIVE                                       { $$ = Name\Relative[substr($1, 10)]; }
898 ;
899 
900 class_name_reference:
901       class_name                                            { $$ = $1; }
902     | new_variable                                          { $$ = $1; }
903     | '(' expr ')'                                          { $$ = $2; }
904     | error                                                 { $$ = Expr\Error[]; $this->errorState = 2; }
905 ;
906 
907 class_name_or_var:
908       class_name                                            { $$ = $1; }
909     | fully_dereferencable                                  { $$ = $1; }
910 ;
911 
912 exit_expr:
913       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
914     | '(' optional_expr ')'                                 { $$ = $2; }
915 ;
916 
917 backticks_expr:
918       /* empty */                                           { $$ = array(); }
919     | T_ENCAPSED_AND_WHITESPACE
920           { $$ = array(Scalar\EncapsedStringPart[Scalar\String_::parseEscapeSequences($1, '`')]); }
921     | encaps_list                                           { parseEncapsed($1, '`', true); $$ = $1; }
922 ;
923 
924 ctor_arguments:
925       /* empty */                                           { $$ = array(); }
926     | argument_list                                         { $$ = $1; }
927 ;
928 
929 constant:
930       name                                                  { $$ = Expr\ConstFetch[$1]; }
931     | T_LINE                                                { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\Line[]; }
932     | T_FILE                                                { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\File[]; }
933     | T_DIR                                                 { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\Dir[]; }
934     | T_CLASS_C                                             { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\Class_[]; }
935     | T_TRAIT_C                                             { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\Trait_[]; }
936     | T_METHOD_C                                            { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\Method[]; }
937     | T_FUNC_C                                              { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\Function_[]; }
938     | T_NS_C                                                { $$ = Scalar\MagicConst\Namespace_[]; }
939 ;
940 
941 class_constant:
942       class_name_or_var T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM identifier_ex
943           { $$ = Expr\ClassConstFetch[$1, $3]; }
944     /* We interpret an isolated FOO:: as an unfinished class constant fetch. It could also be
945        an unfinished static property fetch or unfinished scoped call. */
946     | class_name_or_var T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM error
947           { $$ = Expr\ClassConstFetch[$1, new Expr\Error(stackAttributes(#3))]; $this->errorState = 2; }
948 ;
949 
950 array_short_syntax:
951       '[' array_pair_list ']'
952           { $attrs = attributes(); $attrs['kind'] = Expr\Array_::KIND_SHORT;
953             $$ = new Expr\Array_($2, $attrs); }
954 ;
955 
956 dereferencable_scalar:
957       T_ARRAY '(' array_pair_list ')'
958           { $attrs = attributes(); $attrs['kind'] = Expr\Array_::KIND_LONG;
959             $$ = new Expr\Array_($3, $attrs); }
960     | array_short_syntax                                    { $$ = $1; }
961     | T_CONSTANT_ENCAPSED_STRING
962           { $attrs = attributes(); $attrs['kind'] = strKind($1);
963             $$ = new Scalar\String_(Scalar\String_::parse($1), $attrs); }
964     | '"' encaps_list '"'
965           { $attrs = attributes(); $attrs['kind'] = Scalar\String_::KIND_DOUBLE_QUOTED;
966             parseEncapsed($2, '"', true); $$ = new Scalar\Encapsed($2, $attrs); }
967 ;
968 
969 scalar:
970       T_LNUMBER                                             { $$ = $this->parseLNumber($1, attributes()); }
971     | T_DNUMBER                                             { $$ = Scalar\DNumber[Scalar\DNumber::parse($1)]; }
972     | dereferencable_scalar                                 { $$ = $1; }
973     | constant                                              { $$ = $1; }
974     | class_constant                                        { $$ = $1; }
975     | T_START_HEREDOC T_ENCAPSED_AND_WHITESPACE T_END_HEREDOC
976           { $$ = $this->parseDocString($1, $2, $3, attributes(), stackAttributes(#3), true); }
977     | T_START_HEREDOC T_END_HEREDOC
978           { $$ = $this->parseDocString($1, '', $2, attributes(), stackAttributes(#2), true); }
979     | T_START_HEREDOC encaps_list T_END_HEREDOC
980           { $$ = $this->parseDocString($1, $2, $3, attributes(), stackAttributes(#3), true); }
981 ;
982 
983 optional_expr:
984       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
985     | expr                                                  { $$ = $1; }
986 ;
987 
988 fully_dereferencable:
989       variable                                              { $$ = $1; }
990     | '(' expr ')'                                          { $$ = $2; }
991     | dereferencable_scalar                                 { $$ = $1; }
992     | class_constant                                        { $$ = $1; }
993 ;
994 
995 array_object_dereferencable:
996       fully_dereferencable                                  { $$ = $1; }
997     | constant                                              { $$ = $1; }
998 ;
999 
1000 callable_expr:
1001       callable_variable                                     { $$ = $1; }
1002     | '(' expr ')'                                          { $$ = $2; }
1003     | dereferencable_scalar                                 { $$ = $1; }
1004 ;
1005 
1006 callable_variable:
1007       simple_variable                                       { $$ = $1; }
1008     | array_object_dereferencable '[' optional_expr ']'     { $$ = Expr\ArrayDimFetch[$1, $3]; }
1009     | array_object_dereferencable '{' expr '}'              { $$ = Expr\ArrayDimFetch[$1, $3]; }
1010     | function_call                                         { $$ = $1; }
1011     | array_object_dereferencable T_OBJECT_OPERATOR property_name argument_list
1012           { $$ = Expr\MethodCall[$1, $3, $4]; }
1013     | array_object_dereferencable T_NULLSAFE_OBJECT_OPERATOR property_name argument_list
1014           { $$ = Expr\NullsafeMethodCall[$1, $3, $4]; }
1015 ;
1016 
1017 optional_plain_variable:
1018       /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
1019     | plain_variable                                        { $$ = $1; }
1020 ;
1021 
1022 variable:
1023       callable_variable                                     { $$ = $1; }
1024     | static_member                                         { $$ = $1; }
1025     | array_object_dereferencable T_OBJECT_OPERATOR property_name
1026           { $$ = Expr\PropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1027     | array_object_dereferencable T_NULLSAFE_OBJECT_OPERATOR property_name
1028           { $$ = Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1029 ;
1030 
1031 simple_variable:
1032       plain_variable                                        { $$ = $1; }
1033     | '$' '{' expr '}'                                      { $$ = Expr\Variable[$3]; }
1034     | '$' simple_variable                                   { $$ = Expr\Variable[$2]; }
1035     | '$' error                                             { $$ = Expr\Variable[Expr\Error[]]; $this->errorState = 2; }
1036 ;
1037 
1038 static_member_prop_name:
1039       simple_variable
1040           { $var = $1->name; $$ = \is_string($var) ? Node\VarLikeIdentifier[$var] : $var; }
1041 ;
1042 
1043 static_member:
1044       class_name_or_var T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM static_member_prop_name
1045           { $$ = Expr\StaticPropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1046 ;
1047 
1048 new_variable:
1049       simple_variable                                       { $$ = $1; }
1050     | new_variable '[' optional_expr ']'                    { $$ = Expr\ArrayDimFetch[$1, $3]; }
1051     | new_variable '{' expr '}'                             { $$ = Expr\ArrayDimFetch[$1, $3]; }
1052     | new_variable T_OBJECT_OPERATOR property_name          { $$ = Expr\PropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1053     | new_variable T_NULLSAFE_OBJECT_OPERATOR property_name { $$ = Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1054     | class_name T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM static_member_prop_name
1055           { $$ = Expr\StaticPropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1056     | new_variable T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM static_member_prop_name
1057           { $$ = Expr\StaticPropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1058 ;
1059 
1060 member_name:
1061       identifier_ex                                         { $$ = $1; }
1062     | '{' expr '}'                                          { $$ = $2; }
1063     | simple_variable                                       { $$ = $1; }
1064 ;
1065 
1066 property_name:
1067       identifier                                            { $$ = $1; }
1068     | '{' expr '}'                                          { $$ = $2; }
1069     | simple_variable                                       { $$ = $1; }
1070     | error                                                 { $$ = Expr\Error[]; $this->errorState = 2; }
1071 ;
1072 
1073 list_expr:
1074       T_LIST '(' inner_array_pair_list ')'                  { $$ = Expr\List_[$3]; }
1075 ;
1076 
1077 array_pair_list:
1078       inner_array_pair_list
1079           { $$ = $1; $end = count($$)-1; if ($$[$end] === null) array_pop($$); }
1080 ;
1081 
1082 comma_or_error:
1083       ','
1084     | error
1085           { /* do nothing -- prevent default action of $$=$1. See #551. */ }
1086 ;
1087 
1088 inner_array_pair_list:
1089       inner_array_pair_list comma_or_error array_pair       { push($1, $3); }
1090     | array_pair                                            { init($1); }
1091 ;
1092 
1093 array_pair:
1094       expr                                                  { $$ = Expr\ArrayItem[$1, null, false]; }
1095     | '&' variable                                          { $$ = Expr\ArrayItem[$2, null, true]; }
1096     | list_expr                                             { $$ = Expr\ArrayItem[$1, null, false]; }
1097     | expr T_DOUBLE_ARROW expr                              { $$ = Expr\ArrayItem[$3, $1,   false]; }
1098     | expr T_DOUBLE_ARROW '&' variable                      { $$ = Expr\ArrayItem[$4, $1,   true]; }
1099     | expr T_DOUBLE_ARROW list_expr                         { $$ = Expr\ArrayItem[$3, $1,   false]; }
1100     | T_ELLIPSIS expr                                       { $$ = Expr\ArrayItem[$2, null, false, attributes(), true]; }
1101     | /* empty */                                           { $$ = null; }
1102 ;
1103 
1104 encaps_list:
1105       encaps_list encaps_var                                { push($1, $2); }
1106     | encaps_list encaps_string_part                        { push($1, $2); }
1107     | encaps_var                                            { init($1); }
1108     | encaps_string_part encaps_var                         { init($1, $2); }
1109 ;
1110 
1111 encaps_string_part:
1112       T_ENCAPSED_AND_WHITESPACE                             { $$ = Scalar\EncapsedStringPart[$1]; }
1113 ;
1114 
1115 encaps_str_varname:
1116       T_STRING_VARNAME                                      { $$ = Expr\Variable[$1]; }
1117 ;
1118 
1119 encaps_var:
1120       plain_variable                                        { $$ = $1; }
1121     | plain_variable '[' encaps_var_offset ']'              { $$ = Expr\ArrayDimFetch[$1, $3]; }
1122     | plain_variable T_OBJECT_OPERATOR identifier           { $$ = Expr\PropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1123     | plain_variable T_NULLSAFE_OBJECT_OPERATOR identifier  { $$ = Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch[$1, $3]; }
1124     | T_DOLLAR_OPEN_CURLY_BRACES expr '}'                   { $$ = Expr\Variable[$2]; }
1125     | T_DOLLAR_OPEN_CURLY_BRACES T_STRING_VARNAME '}'       { $$ = Expr\Variable[$2]; }
1126     | T_DOLLAR_OPEN_CURLY_BRACES encaps_str_varname '[' expr ']' '}'
1127           { $$ = Expr\ArrayDimFetch[$2, $4]; }
1128     | T_CURLY_OPEN variable '}'                             { $$ = $2; }
1129 ;
1130 
1131 encaps_var_offset:
1132       T_STRING                                              { $$ = Scalar\String_[$1]; }
1133     | T_NUM_STRING                                          { $$ = $this->parseNumString($1, attributes()); }
1134     | '-' T_NUM_STRING                                      { $$ = $this->parseNumString('-' . $2, attributes()); }
1135     | plain_variable                                        { $$ = $1; }
1136 ;
1137 
1138 %%
1139