1 /* command.h -- The structures used internally to represent commands, and
2    the extern declarations of the functions used to create them. */
3 
4 /* Copyright (C) 1993-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 
6    This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
7 
8    Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
9    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
11    (at your option) any later version.
12 
13    Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
16    GNU General Public License for more details.
17 
18    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19    along with Bash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20 */
21 
22 #if !defined (_COMMAND_H_)
23 #define _COMMAND_H_
24 
25 #include "stdc.h"
26 
27 /* Instructions describing what kind of thing to do for a redirection. */
28 enum r_instruction {
29   r_output_direction, r_input_direction, r_inputa_direction,
30   r_appending_to, r_reading_until, r_reading_string,
31   r_duplicating_input, r_duplicating_output, r_deblank_reading_until,
32   r_close_this, r_err_and_out, r_input_output, r_output_force,
33   r_duplicating_input_word, r_duplicating_output_word,
34   r_move_input, r_move_output, r_move_input_word, r_move_output_word,
35   r_append_err_and_out
36 };
37 
38 /* Redirection flags; values for rflags */
39 #define REDIR_VARASSIGN		0x01
40 
41 /* Redirection errors. */
42 #define AMBIGUOUS_REDIRECT  -1
43 #define NOCLOBBER_REDIRECT  -2
44 #define RESTRICTED_REDIRECT -3	/* can only happen in restricted shells. */
45 #define HEREDOC_REDIRECT    -4  /* here-doc temp file can't be created */
46 #define BADVAR_REDIRECT	    -5  /* something wrong with {varname}redir */
47 
48 #define CLOBBERING_REDIRECT(ri) \
49   (ri == r_output_direction || ri == r_err_and_out)
50 
51 #define OUTPUT_REDIRECT(ri) \
52   (ri == r_output_direction || ri == r_input_output || ri == r_err_and_out || ri == r_append_err_and_out)
53 
54 #define INPUT_REDIRECT(ri) \
55   (ri == r_input_direction || ri == r_inputa_direction || ri == r_input_output)
56 
57 #define WRITE_REDIRECT(ri) \
58   (ri == r_output_direction || \
59 	ri == r_input_output || \
60 	ri == r_err_and_out || \
61 	ri == r_appending_to || \
62 	ri == r_append_err_and_out || \
63 	ri == r_output_force)
64 
65 /* redirection needs translation */
66 #define TRANSLATE_REDIRECT(ri) \
67   (ri == r_duplicating_input_word || ri == r_duplicating_output_word || \
68    ri == r_move_input_word || ri == r_move_output_word)
69 
70 /* Command Types: */
71 enum command_type { cm_for, cm_case, cm_while, cm_if, cm_simple, cm_select,
72 		    cm_connection, cm_function_def, cm_until, cm_group,
73 		    cm_arith, cm_cond, cm_arith_for, cm_subshell, cm_coproc };
74 
75 /* Possible values for the `flags' field of a WORD_DESC. */
76 #define W_HASDOLLAR	(1 << 0)	/* Dollar sign present. */
77 #define W_QUOTED	(1 << 1)	/* Some form of quote character is present. */
78 #define W_ASSIGNMENT	(1 << 2)	/* This word is a variable assignment. */
79 #define W_SPLITSPACE	(1 << 3)	/* Split this word on " " regardless of IFS */
80 #define W_NOSPLIT	(1 << 4)	/* Do not perform word splitting on this word because ifs is empty string. */
81 #define W_NOGLOB	(1 << 5)	/* Do not perform globbing on this word. */
82 #define W_NOSPLIT2	(1 << 6)	/* Don't split word except for $@ expansion (using spaces) because context does not allow it. */
83 #define W_TILDEEXP	(1 << 7)	/* Tilde expand this assignment word */
84 #define W_DOLLARAT	(1 << 8)	/* $@ and its special handling -- UNUSED */
85 #define W_DOLLARSTAR	(1 << 9)	/* $* and its special handling -- UNUSED */
86 #define W_NOCOMSUB	(1 << 10)	/* Don't perform command substitution on this word */
87 #define W_ASSIGNRHS	(1 << 11)	/* Word is rhs of an assignment statement */
88 #define W_NOTILDE	(1 << 12)	/* Don't perform tilde expansion on this word */
89 #define W_ITILDE	(1 << 13)	/* Internal flag for word expansion */
90 #define W_EXPANDRHS	(1 << 14)	/* Expanding word in ${paramOPword} */
91 #define W_COMPASSIGN	(1 << 15)	/* Compound assignment */
92 #define W_ASSNBLTIN	(1 << 16)	/* word is a builtin command that takes assignments */
93 #define W_ASSIGNARG	(1 << 17)	/* word is assignment argument to command */
94 #define W_HASQUOTEDNULL	(1 << 18)	/* word contains a quoted null character */
95 #define W_DQUOTE	(1 << 19)	/* word should be treated as if double-quoted */
96 #define W_NOPROCSUB	(1 << 20)	/* don't perform process substitution */
97 #define W_SAWQUOTEDNULL	(1 << 21)	/* word contained a quoted null that was removed */
98 #define W_ASSIGNASSOC	(1 << 22)	/* word looks like associative array assignment */
99 #define W_ASSIGNARRAY	(1 << 23)	/* word looks like a compound indexed array assignment */
100 #define W_ARRAYIND	(1 << 24)	/* word is an array index being expanded */
101 #define W_ASSNGLOBAL	(1 << 25)	/* word is a global assignment to declare (declare/typeset -g) */
102 #define W_NOBRACE	(1 << 26)	/* Don't perform brace expansion */
103 #define W_COMPLETE	(1 << 27)	/* word is being expanded for completion */
104 #define W_CHKLOCAL	(1 << 28)	/* check for local vars on assignment */
105 #define W_NOASSNTILDE	(1 << 29)	/* don't do tilde expansion like an assignment statement */
106 #define W_FORCELOCAL	(1 << 30)	/* force assignments to be to local variables, non-fatal on assignment errors */
107 
108 /* Flags for the `pflags' argument to param_expand() and various
109    parameter_brace_expand_xxx functions; also used for string_list_dollar_at */
110 #define PF_NOCOMSUB	0x01	/* Do not perform command substitution */
111 #define PF_IGNUNBOUND	0x02	/* ignore unbound vars even if -u set */
112 #define PF_NOSPLIT2	0x04	/* same as W_NOSPLIT2 */
113 #define PF_ASSIGNRHS	0x08	/* same as W_ASSIGNRHS */
114 #define PF_COMPLETE	0x10	/* same as W_COMPLETE, sets SX_COMPLETE */
115 #define PF_EXPANDRHS	0x20	/* same as W_EXPANDRHS */
116 #define PF_ALLINDS	0x40	/* array, act as if [@] was supplied */
117 
118 /* Possible values for subshell_environment */
119 #define SUBSHELL_ASYNC	0x01	/* subshell caused by `command &' */
120 #define SUBSHELL_PAREN	0x02	/* subshell caused by ( ... ) */
121 #define SUBSHELL_COMSUB	0x04	/* subshell caused by `command` or $(command) */
122 #define SUBSHELL_FORK	0x08	/* subshell caused by executing a disk command */
123 #define SUBSHELL_PIPE	0x10	/* subshell from a pipeline element */
124 #define SUBSHELL_PROCSUB 0x20	/* subshell caused by <(command) or >(command) */
125 #define SUBSHELL_COPROC	0x40	/* subshell from a coproc pipeline */
126 #define SUBSHELL_RESETTRAP 0x80	/* subshell needs to reset trap strings on first call to trap */
127 #define SUBSHELL_IGNTRAP 0x100  /* subshell should reset trapped signals from trap_handler */
128 
129 /* A structure which represents a word. */
130 typedef struct word_desc {
131   char *word;		/* Zero terminated string. */
132   int flags;		/* Flags associated with this word. */
133 } WORD_DESC;
134 
135 /* A linked list of words. */
136 typedef struct word_list {
137   struct word_list *next;
138   WORD_DESC *word;
139 } WORD_LIST;
140 
141 
142 /* **************************************************************** */
143 /*								    */
144 /*			Shell Command Structs			    */
145 /*								    */
146 /* **************************************************************** */
147 
148 /* What a redirection descriptor looks like.  If the redirection instruction
149    is ri_duplicating_input or ri_duplicating_output, use DEST, otherwise
150    use the file in FILENAME.  Out-of-range descriptors are identified by a
151    negative DEST. */
152 
153 typedef union {
154   int dest;			/* Place to redirect REDIRECTOR to, or ... */
155   WORD_DESC *filename;		/* filename to redirect to. */
156 } REDIRECTEE;
157 
158 /* Structure describing a redirection.  If REDIRECTOR is negative, the parser
159    (or translator in redir.c) encountered an out-of-range file descriptor. */
160 typedef struct redirect {
161   struct redirect *next;	/* Next element, or NULL. */
162   REDIRECTEE redirector;	/* Descriptor or varname to be redirected. */
163   int rflags;			/* Private flags for this redirection */
164   int flags;			/* Flag value for `open'. */
165   enum r_instruction  instruction; /* What to do with the information. */
166   REDIRECTEE redirectee;	/* File descriptor or filename */
167   char *here_doc_eof;		/* The word that appeared in <<foo. */
168 } REDIRECT;
169 
170 /* An element used in parsing.  A single word or a single redirection.
171    This is an ephemeral construct. */
172 typedef struct element {
173   WORD_DESC *word;
174   REDIRECT *redirect;
175 } ELEMENT;
176 
177 /* Possible values for command->flags. */
178 #define CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL  0x01	/* User wants a subshell: ( command ) */
179 #define CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL 0x02	/* Shell needs to force a subshell. */
180 #define CMD_INVERT_RETURN  0x04	/* Invert the exit value. */
181 #define CMD_IGNORE_RETURN  0x08	/* Ignore the exit value.  For set -e. */
182 #define CMD_NO_FUNCTIONS   0x10 /* Ignore functions during command lookup. */
183 #define CMD_INHIBIT_EXPANSION 0x20 /* Do not expand the command words. */
184 #define CMD_NO_FORK	   0x40	/* Don't fork; just call execve */
185 #define CMD_TIME_PIPELINE  0x80 /* Time a pipeline */
186 #define CMD_TIME_POSIX	   0x100 /* time -p; use POSIX.2 time output spec. */
187 #define CMD_AMPERSAND	   0x200 /* command & */
188 #define CMD_STDIN_REDIR	   0x400 /* async command needs implicit </dev/null */
189 #define CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN 0x0800 /* command executed by `command' builtin */
190 #define CMD_COPROC_SUBSHELL 0x1000
191 #define CMD_LASTPIPE	    0x2000
192 #define CMD_STDPATH	    0x4000	/* use standard path for command lookup */
193 #define CMD_TRY_OPTIMIZING  0x8000	/* try to optimize this simple command */
194 
195 /* What a command looks like. */
196 typedef struct command {
197   enum command_type type;	/* FOR CASE WHILE IF CONNECTION or SIMPLE. */
198   int flags;			/* Flags controlling execution environment. */
199   int line;			/* line number the command starts on */
200   REDIRECT *redirects;		/* Special redirects for FOR CASE, etc. */
201   union {
202     struct for_com *For;
203     struct case_com *Case;
204     struct while_com *While;
205     struct if_com *If;
206     struct connection *Connection;
207     struct simple_com *Simple;
208     struct function_def *Function_def;
209     struct group_com *Group;
210 #if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
211     struct select_com *Select;
212 #endif
213 #if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
214     struct arith_com *Arith;
215 #endif
216 #if defined (COND_COMMAND)
217     struct cond_com *Cond;
218 #endif
219 #if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
220     struct arith_for_com *ArithFor;
221 #endif
222     struct subshell_com *Subshell;
223     struct coproc_com *Coproc;
224   } value;
225 } COMMAND;
226 
227 /* Structure used to represent the CONNECTION type. */
228 typedef struct connection {
229   int ignore;			/* Unused; simplifies make_command (). */
230   COMMAND *first;		/* Pointer to the first command. */
231   COMMAND *second;		/* Pointer to the second command. */
232   int connector;		/* What separates this command from others. */
233 } CONNECTION;
234 
235 /* Structures used to represent the CASE command. */
236 
237 /* Values for FLAGS word in a PATTERN_LIST */
238 #define CASEPAT_FALLTHROUGH	0x01
239 #define CASEPAT_TESTNEXT	0x02
240 
241 /* Pattern/action structure for CASE_COM. */
242 typedef struct pattern_list {
243   struct pattern_list *next;	/* Clause to try in case this one failed. */
244   WORD_LIST *patterns;		/* Linked list of patterns to test. */
245   COMMAND *action;		/* Thing to execute if a pattern matches. */
246   int flags;
247 } PATTERN_LIST;
248 
249 /* The CASE command. */
250 typedef struct case_com {
251   int flags;			/* See description of CMD flags. */
252   int line;			/* line number the `case' keyword appears on */
253   WORD_DESC *word;		/* The thing to test. */
254   PATTERN_LIST *clauses;	/* The clauses to test against, or NULL. */
255 } CASE_COM;
256 
257 /* FOR command. */
258 typedef struct for_com {
259   int flags;		/* See description of CMD flags. */
260   int line;		/* line number the `for' keyword appears on */
261   WORD_DESC *name;	/* The variable name to get mapped over. */
262   WORD_LIST *map_list;	/* The things to map over.  This is never NULL. */
263   COMMAND *action;	/* The action to execute.
264 			   During execution, NAME is bound to successive
265 			   members of MAP_LIST. */
266 } FOR_COM;
267 
268 #if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
269 typedef struct arith_for_com {
270   int flags;
271   int line;	/* generally used for error messages */
272   WORD_LIST *init;
273   WORD_LIST *test;
274   WORD_LIST *step;
275   COMMAND *action;
276 } ARITH_FOR_COM;
277 #endif
278 
279 #if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
280 /* KSH SELECT command. */
281 typedef struct select_com {
282   int flags;		/* See description of CMD flags. */
283   int line;		/* line number the `select' keyword appears on */
284   WORD_DESC *name;	/* The variable name to get mapped over. */
285   WORD_LIST *map_list;	/* The things to map over.  This is never NULL. */
286   COMMAND *action;	/* The action to execute.
287 			   During execution, NAME is bound to the member of
288 			   MAP_LIST chosen by the user. */
289 } SELECT_COM;
290 #endif /* SELECT_COMMAND */
291 
292 /* IF command. */
293 typedef struct if_com {
294   int flags;			/* See description of CMD flags. */
295   COMMAND *test;		/* Thing to test. */
296   COMMAND *true_case;		/* What to do if the test returned non-zero. */
297   COMMAND *false_case;		/* What to do if the test returned zero. */
298 } IF_COM;
299 
300 /* WHILE command. */
301 typedef struct while_com {
302   int flags;			/* See description of CMD flags. */
303   COMMAND *test;		/* Thing to test. */
304   COMMAND *action;		/* Thing to do while test is non-zero. */
305 } WHILE_COM;
306 
307 #if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
308 /* The arithmetic evaluation command, ((...)).  Just a set of flags and
309    a WORD_LIST, of which the first element is the only one used, for the
310    time being. */
311 typedef struct arith_com {
312   int flags;
313   int line;
314   WORD_LIST *exp;
315 } ARITH_COM;
316 #endif /* DPAREN_ARITHMETIC */
317 
318 /* The conditional command, [[...]].  This is a binary tree -- we slipped
319    a recursive-descent parser into the YACC grammar to parse it. */
320 #define COND_AND	1
321 #define COND_OR		2
322 #define COND_UNARY	3
323 #define COND_BINARY	4
324 #define COND_TERM	5
325 #define COND_EXPR	6
326 
327 typedef struct cond_com {
328   int flags;
329   int line;
330   int type;
331   WORD_DESC *op;
332   struct cond_com *left, *right;
333 } COND_COM;
334 
335 /* The "simple" command.  Just a collection of words and redirects. */
336 typedef struct simple_com {
337   int flags;			/* See description of CMD flags. */
338   int line;			/* line number the command starts on */
339   WORD_LIST *words;		/* The program name, the arguments,
340 				   variable assignments, etc. */
341   REDIRECT *redirects;		/* Redirections to perform. */
342 } SIMPLE_COM;
343 
344 /* The "function definition" command. */
345 typedef struct function_def {
346   int flags;			/* See description of CMD flags. */
347   int line;			/* Line number the function def starts on. */
348   WORD_DESC *name;		/* The name of the function. */
349   COMMAND *command;		/* The parsed execution tree. */
350   char *source_file;		/* file in which function was defined, if any */
351 } FUNCTION_DEF;
352 
353 /* A command that is `grouped' allows pipes and redirections to affect all
354    commands in the group. */
355 typedef struct group_com {
356   int ignore;			/* See description of CMD flags. */
357   COMMAND *command;
358 } GROUP_COM;
359 
360 typedef struct subshell_com {
361   int flags;
362   int line;
363   COMMAND *command;
364 } SUBSHELL_COM;
365 
366 #define COPROC_RUNNING	0x01
367 #define COPROC_DEAD	0x02
368 
369 typedef struct coproc {
370   char *c_name;
371   pid_t c_pid;
372   int c_rfd;
373   int c_wfd;
374   int c_rsave;
375   int c_wsave;
376   int c_flags;
377   int c_status;
378   int c_lock;
379 } Coproc;
380 
381 typedef struct coproc_com {
382   int flags;
383   char *name;
384   COMMAND *command;
385 } COPROC_COM;
386 
387 extern COMMAND *global_command;
388 extern Coproc sh_coproc;
389 
390 /* Possible command errors */
391 #define CMDERR_DEFAULT	0
392 #define CMDERR_BADTYPE	1
393 #define CMDERR_BADCONN	2
394 #define CMDERR_BADJUMP	3
395 
396 #define CMDERR_LAST	3
397 
398 /* Forward declarations of functions declared in copy_cmd.c. */
399 
400 extern FUNCTION_DEF *copy_function_def_contents PARAMS((FUNCTION_DEF *, FUNCTION_DEF *));
401 extern FUNCTION_DEF *copy_function_def PARAMS((FUNCTION_DEF *));
402 
403 extern WORD_DESC *copy_word PARAMS((WORD_DESC *));
404 extern WORD_LIST *copy_word_list PARAMS((WORD_LIST *));
405 extern REDIRECT *copy_redirect PARAMS((REDIRECT *));
406 extern REDIRECT *copy_redirects PARAMS((REDIRECT *));
407 extern COMMAND *copy_command PARAMS((COMMAND *));
408 
409 #endif /* _COMMAND_H_ */
410