controller/statefulset/stateful_set_control.go

/*
Copyright 2016 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package statefulset

import (
	"sort"

	apps "k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
	v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	utilerrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/errors"
	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/record"
	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/controller/history"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/features"
)

// StatefulSetControl implements the control logic for updating StatefulSets and their children Pods. It is implemented
// as an interface to allow for extensions that provide different semantics. Currently, there is only one implementation.
type StatefulSetControlInterface interface {
	// UpdateStatefulSet implements the control logic for Pod creation, update, and deletion, and
	// persistent volume creation, update, and deletion.
	// If an implementation returns a non-nil error, the invocation will be retried using a rate-limited strategy.
	// Implementors should sink any errors that they do not wish to trigger a retry, and they may feel free to
	// exit exceptionally at any point provided they wish the update to be re-run at a later point in time.
	UpdateStatefulSet(set *apps.StatefulSet, pods []*v1.Pod) (*apps.StatefulSetStatus, error)
	// ListRevisions returns a array of the ControllerRevisions that represent the revisions of set. If the returned
	// error is nil, the returns slice of ControllerRevisions is valid.
	ListRevisions(set *apps.StatefulSet) ([]*apps.ControllerRevision, error)
	// AdoptOrphanRevisions adopts any orphaned ControllerRevisions that match set's Selector. If all adoptions are
	// successful the returned error is nil.
	AdoptOrphanRevisions(set *apps.StatefulSet, revisions []*apps.ControllerRevision) error
}

// NewDefaultStatefulSetControl returns a new instance of the default implementation StatefulSetControlInterface that
// implements the documented semantics for StatefulSets. podControl is the PodControlInterface used to create, update,
// and delete Pods and to create PersistentVolumeClaims. statusUpdater is the StatefulSetStatusUpdaterInterface used
// to update the status of StatefulSets. You should use an instance returned from NewRealStatefulPodControl() for any
// scenario other than testing.
func NewDefaultStatefulSetControl(
	podControl StatefulPodControlInterface,
	statusUpdater StatefulSetStatusUpdaterInterface,
	controllerHistory history.Interface,
	recorder record.EventRecorder) StatefulSetControlInterface {
	return &defaultStatefulSetControl{podControl, statusUpdater, controllerHistory, recorder}
}

type defaultStatefulSetControl struct {
	podControl        StatefulPodControlInterface
	statusUpdater     StatefulSetStatusUpdaterInterface
	controllerHistory history.Interface
	recorder          record.EventRecorder
}

// UpdateStatefulSet executes the core logic loop for a stateful set, applying the predictable and
// consistent monotonic update strategy by default - scale up proceeds in ordinal order, no new pod
// is created while any pod is unhealthy, and pods are terminated in descending order. The burst
// strategy allows these constraints to be relaxed - pods will be created and deleted eagerly and
// in no particular order. Clients using the burst strategy should be careful to ensure they
// understand the consistency implications of having unpredictable numbers of pods available.
func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) UpdateStatefulSet(set *apps.StatefulSet, pods []*v1.Pod) (*apps.StatefulSetStatus, error) {
	// list all revisions and sort them
	revisions, err := ssc.ListRevisions(set)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	history.SortControllerRevisions(revisions)

	currentRevision, updateRevision, status, err := ssc.performUpdate(set, pods, revisions)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, utilerrors.NewAggregate([]error{err, ssc.truncateHistory(set, pods, revisions, currentRevision, updateRevision)})
	}

	// maintain the set's revision history limit
	return status, ssc.truncateHistory(set, pods, revisions, currentRevision, updateRevision)
}

func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) performUpdate(
	set *apps.StatefulSet, pods []*v1.Pod, revisions []*apps.ControllerRevision) (*apps.ControllerRevision, *apps.ControllerRevision, *apps.StatefulSetStatus, error) {
	var currentStatus *apps.StatefulSetStatus
	// get the current, and update revisions
	currentRevision, updateRevision, collisionCount, err := ssc.getStatefulSetRevisions(set, revisions)
	if err != nil {
		return currentRevision, updateRevision, currentStatus, err
	}

	// perform the main update function and get the status
	currentStatus, err = ssc.updateStatefulSet(set, currentRevision, updateRevision, collisionCount, pods)
	if err != nil {
		return currentRevision, updateRevision, currentStatus, err
	}
	// update the set's status
	err = ssc.updateStatefulSetStatus(set, currentStatus)
	if err != nil {
		return currentRevision, updateRevision, currentStatus, err
	}
	klog.V(4).Infof("StatefulSet %s/%s pod status replicas=%d ready=%d current=%d updated=%d",
		set.Namespace,
		set.Name,
		currentStatus.Replicas,
		currentStatus.ReadyReplicas,
		currentStatus.CurrentReplicas,
		currentStatus.UpdatedReplicas)

	klog.V(4).Infof("StatefulSet %s/%s revisions current=%s update=%s",
		set.Namespace,
		set.Name,
		currentStatus.CurrentRevision,
		currentStatus.UpdateRevision)

	return currentRevision, updateRevision, currentStatus, nil
}

func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) ListRevisions(set *apps.StatefulSet) ([]*apps.ControllerRevision, error) {
	selector, err := metav1.LabelSelectorAsSelector(set.Spec.Selector)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return ssc.controllerHistory.ListControllerRevisions(set, selector)
}

func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) AdoptOrphanRevisions(
	set *apps.StatefulSet,
	revisions []*apps.ControllerRevision) error {
	for i := range revisions {
		adopted, err := ssc.controllerHistory.AdoptControllerRevision(set, controllerKind, revisions[i])
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		revisions[i] = adopted
	}
	return nil
}

// truncateHistory truncates any non-live ControllerRevisions in revisions from set's history. The UpdateRevision and
// CurrentRevision in set's Status are considered to be live. Any revisions associated with the Pods in pods are also
// considered to be live. Non-live revisions are deleted, starting with the revision with the lowest Revision, until
// only RevisionHistoryLimit revisions remain. If the returned error is nil the operation was successful. This method
// expects that revisions is sorted when supplied.
func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) truncateHistory(
	set *apps.StatefulSet,
	pods []*v1.Pod,
	revisions []*apps.ControllerRevision,
	current *apps.ControllerRevision,
	update *apps.ControllerRevision) error {
	history := make([]*apps.ControllerRevision, 0, len(revisions))
	// mark all live revisions
	live := map[string]bool{}
	if current != nil {
		live[current.Name] = true
	}
	if update != nil {
		live[update.Name] = true
	}
	for i := range pods {
		live[getPodRevision(pods[i])] = true
	}
	// collect live revisions and historic revisions
	for i := range revisions {
		if !live[revisions[i].Name] {
			history = append(history, revisions[i])
		}
	}
	historyLen := len(history)
	historyLimit := int(*set.Spec.RevisionHistoryLimit)
	if historyLen <= historyLimit {
		return nil
	}
	// delete any non-live history to maintain the revision limit.
	history = history[:(historyLen - historyLimit)]
	for i := 0; i < len(history); i++ {
		if err := ssc.controllerHistory.DeleteControllerRevision(history[i]); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// getStatefulSetRevisions returns the current and update ControllerRevisions for set. It also
// returns a collision count that records the number of name collisions set saw when creating
// new ControllerRevisions. This count is incremented on every name collision and is used in
// building the ControllerRevision names for name collision avoidance. This method may create
// a new revision, or modify the Revision of an existing revision if an update to set is detected.
// This method expects that revisions is sorted when supplied.
func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) getStatefulSetRevisions(
	set *apps.StatefulSet,
	revisions []*apps.ControllerRevision) (*apps.ControllerRevision, *apps.ControllerRevision, int32, error) {
	var currentRevision, updateRevision *apps.ControllerRevision

	revisionCount := len(revisions)
	history.SortControllerRevisions(revisions)

	// Use a local copy of set.Status.CollisionCount to avoid modifying set.Status directly.
	// This copy is returned so the value gets carried over to set.Status in updateStatefulSet.
	var collisionCount int32
	if set.Status.CollisionCount != nil {
		collisionCount = *set.Status.CollisionCount
	}

	// create a new revision from the current set
	updateRevision, err := newRevision(set, nextRevision(revisions), &collisionCount)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, collisionCount, err
	}

	// find any equivalent revisions
	equalRevisions := history.FindEqualRevisions(revisions, updateRevision)
	equalCount := len(equalRevisions)

	if equalCount > 0 && history.EqualRevision(revisions[revisionCount-1], equalRevisions[equalCount-1]) {
		// if the equivalent revision is immediately prior the update revision has not changed
		updateRevision = revisions[revisionCount-1]
	} else if equalCount > 0 {
		// if the equivalent revision is not immediately prior we will roll back by incrementing the
		// Revision of the equivalent revision
		updateRevision, err = ssc.controllerHistory.UpdateControllerRevision(
			equalRevisions[equalCount-1],
			updateRevision.Revision)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, collisionCount, err
		}
	} else {
		//if there is no equivalent revision we create a new one
		updateRevision, err = ssc.controllerHistory.CreateControllerRevision(set, updateRevision, &collisionCount)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, collisionCount, err
		}
	}

	// attempt to find the revision that corresponds to the current revision
	for i := range revisions {
		if revisions[i].Name == set.Status.CurrentRevision {
			currentRevision = revisions[i]
			break
		}
	}

	// if the current revision is nil we initialize the history by setting it to the update revision
	if currentRevision == nil {
		currentRevision = updateRevision
	}

	return currentRevision, updateRevision, collisionCount, nil
}

// updateStatefulSet performs the update function for a StatefulSet. This method creates, updates, and deletes Pods in
// the set in order to conform the system to the target state for the set. The target state always contains
// set.Spec.Replicas Pods with a Ready Condition. If the UpdateStrategy.Type for the set is
// RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategyType then all Pods in the set must be at set.Status.CurrentRevision.
// If the UpdateStrategy.Type for the set is OnDeleteStatefulSetStrategyType, the target state implies nothing about
// the revisions of Pods in the set. If the UpdateStrategy.Type for the set is PartitionStatefulSetStrategyType, then
// all Pods with ordinal less than UpdateStrategy.Partition.Ordinal must be at Status.CurrentRevision and all other
// Pods must be at Status.UpdateRevision. If the returned error is nil, the returned StatefulSetStatus is valid and the
// update must be recorded. If the error is not nil, the method should be retried until successful.
func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) updateStatefulSet(
	set *apps.StatefulSet,
	currentRevision *apps.ControllerRevision,
	updateRevision *apps.ControllerRevision,
	collisionCount int32,
	pods []*v1.Pod) (*apps.StatefulSetStatus, error) {
	// get the current and update revisions of the set.
	currentSet, err := ApplyRevision(set, currentRevision)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	updateSet, err := ApplyRevision(set, updateRevision)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// set the generation, and revisions in the returned status
	status := apps.StatefulSetStatus{}
	status.ObservedGeneration = set.Generation
	status.CurrentRevision = currentRevision.Name
	status.UpdateRevision = updateRevision.Name
	status.CollisionCount = new(int32)
	*status.CollisionCount = collisionCount

	replicaCount := int(*set.Spec.Replicas)
	// slice that will contain all Pods such that 0 <= getOrdinal(pod) < set.Spec.Replicas
	replicas := make([]*v1.Pod, replicaCount)
	// slice that will contain all Pods such that set.Spec.Replicas <= getOrdinal(pod)
	condemned := make([]*v1.Pod, 0, len(pods))
	unhealthy := 0
	var firstUnhealthyPod *v1.Pod

	// First we partition pods into two lists valid replicas and condemned Pods
	for i := range pods {
		status.Replicas++

		// count the number of running and ready replicas
		if isRunningAndReady(pods[i]) {
			status.ReadyReplicas++
			// count the number of running and available replicas
			if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.StatefulSetMinReadySeconds) {
				if isRunningAndAvailable(pods[i], set.Spec.MinReadySeconds) {
					status.AvailableReplicas++
				}
			} else {
				// If the featuregate is not enabled, all the ready replicas should be considered as available replicas
				status.AvailableReplicas = status.ReadyReplicas
			}
		}

		// count the number of current and update replicas
		if isCreated(pods[i]) && !isTerminating(pods[i]) {
			if getPodRevision(pods[i]) == currentRevision.Name {
				status.CurrentReplicas++
			}
			if getPodRevision(pods[i]) == updateRevision.Name {
				status.UpdatedReplicas++
			}
		}

		if ord := getOrdinal(pods[i]); 0 <= ord && ord < replicaCount {
			// if the ordinal of the pod is within the range of the current number of replicas,
			// insert it at the indirection of its ordinal
			replicas[ord] = pods[i]

		} else if ord >= replicaCount {
			// if the ordinal is greater than the number of replicas add it to the condemned list
			condemned = append(condemned, pods[i])
		}
		// If the ordinal could not be parsed (ord < 0), ignore the Pod.
	}

	// for any empty indices in the sequence [0,set.Spec.Replicas) create a new Pod at the correct revision
	for ord := 0; ord < replicaCount; ord++ {
		if replicas[ord] == nil {
			replicas[ord] = newVersionedStatefulSetPod(
				currentSet,
				updateSet,
				currentRevision.Name,
				updateRevision.Name, ord)
		}
	}

	// sort the condemned Pods by their ordinals
	sort.Sort(ascendingOrdinal(condemned))

	// find the first unhealthy Pod
	for i := range replicas {
		if !isHealthy(replicas[i]) {
			unhealthy++
			if firstUnhealthyPod == nil {
				firstUnhealthyPod = replicas[i]
			}
		}
	}

	for i := range condemned {
		if !isHealthy(condemned[i]) {
			unhealthy++
			if firstUnhealthyPod == nil {
				firstUnhealthyPod = condemned[i]
			}
		}
	}

	if unhealthy > 0 {
		klog.V(4).Infof("StatefulSet %s/%s has %d unhealthy Pods starting with %s",
			set.Namespace,
			set.Name,
			unhealthy,
			firstUnhealthyPod.Name)
	}

	// If the StatefulSet is being deleted, don't do anything other than updating
	// status.
	if set.DeletionTimestamp != nil {
		return &status, nil
	}

	monotonic := !allowsBurst(set)

	// Examine each replica with respect to its ordinal
	for i := range replicas {
		// delete and recreate failed pods
		if isFailed(replicas[i]) {
			ssc.recorder.Eventf(set, v1.EventTypeWarning, "RecreatingFailedPod",
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is recreating failed Pod %s",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				replicas[i].Name)
			if err := ssc.podControl.DeleteStatefulPod(set, replicas[i]); err != nil {
				return &status, err
			}
			if getPodRevision(replicas[i]) == currentRevision.Name {
				status.CurrentReplicas--
			}
			if getPodRevision(replicas[i]) == updateRevision.Name {
				status.UpdatedReplicas--
			}
			status.Replicas--
			replicas[i] = newVersionedStatefulSetPod(
				currentSet,
				updateSet,
				currentRevision.Name,
				updateRevision.Name,
				i)
		}
		// If we find a Pod that has not been created we create the Pod
		if !isCreated(replicas[i]) {
			if err := ssc.podControl.CreateStatefulPod(set, replicas[i]); err != nil {
				return &status, err
			}
			status.Replicas++
			if getPodRevision(replicas[i]) == currentRevision.Name {
				status.CurrentReplicas++
			}
			if getPodRevision(replicas[i]) == updateRevision.Name {
				status.UpdatedReplicas++
			}

			// if the set does not allow bursting, return immediately
			if monotonic {
				return &status, nil
			}
			// pod created, no more work possible for this round
			continue
		}
		// If we find a Pod that is currently terminating, we must wait until graceful deletion
		// completes before we continue to make progress.
		if isTerminating(replicas[i]) && monotonic {
			klog.V(4).Infof(
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is waiting for Pod %s to Terminate",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				replicas[i].Name)
			return &status, nil
		}
		// If we have a Pod that has been created but is not running and ready we can not make progress.
		// We must ensure that all for each Pod, when we create it, all of its predecessors, with respect to its
		// ordinal, are Running and Ready.
		if !isRunningAndReady(replicas[i]) && monotonic {
			klog.V(4).Infof(
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is waiting for Pod %s to be Running and Ready",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				replicas[i].Name)
			return &status, nil
		}
		// If we have a Pod that has been created but is not available we can not make progress.
		// We must ensure that all for each Pod, when we create it, all of its predecessors, with respect to its
		// ordinal, are Available.
		// TODO: Since available is superset of Ready, once we have this featuregate enabled by default, we can remove the
		// isRunningAndReady block as only Available pods should be brought down.
		if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.StatefulSetMinReadySeconds) && !isRunningAndAvailable(replicas[i], set.Spec.MinReadySeconds) && monotonic {
			klog.V(4).Infof(
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is waiting for Pod %s to be Available",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				replicas[i].Name)
			return &status, nil
		}
		// Enforce the StatefulSet invariants
		if identityMatches(set, replicas[i]) && storageMatches(set, replicas[i]) {
			continue
		}
		// Make a deep copy so we don't mutate the shared cache
		replica := replicas[i].DeepCopy()
		if err := ssc.podControl.UpdateStatefulPod(updateSet, replica); err != nil {
			return &status, err
		}
	}

	// At this point, all of the current Replicas are Running, Ready and Available, we can consider termination.
	// We will wait for all predecessors to be Running and Ready prior to attempting a deletion.
	// We will terminate Pods in a monotonically decreasing order over [len(pods),set.Spec.Replicas).
	// Note that we do not resurrect Pods in this interval. Also note that scaling will take precedence over
	// updates.
	for target := len(condemned) - 1; target >= 0; target-- {
		// wait for terminating pods to expire
		if isTerminating(condemned[target]) {
			klog.V(4).Infof(
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is waiting for Pod %s to Terminate prior to scale down",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				condemned[target].Name)
			// block if we are in monotonic mode
			if monotonic {
				return &status, nil
			}
			continue
		}
		// if we are in monotonic mode and the condemned target is not the first unhealthy Pod block
		if !isRunningAndReady(condemned[target]) && monotonic && condemned[target] != firstUnhealthyPod {
			klog.V(4).Infof(
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is waiting for Pod %s to be Running and Ready prior to scale down",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				firstUnhealthyPod.Name)
			return &status, nil
		}
		// if we are in monotonic mode and the condemned target is not the first unhealthy Pod, block.
		// TODO: Since available is superset of Ready, once we have this featuregate enabled by default, we can remove the
		// isRunningAndReady block as only Available pods should be brought down.
		if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.StatefulSetMinReadySeconds) && !isRunningAndAvailable(condemned[target], set.Spec.MinReadySeconds) && monotonic && condemned[target] != firstUnhealthyPod {
			klog.V(4).Infof(
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is waiting for Pod %s to be Available prior to scale down",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				firstUnhealthyPod.Name)
			return &status, nil
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("StatefulSet %s/%s terminating Pod %s for scale down",
			set.Namespace,
			set.Name,
			condemned[target].Name)

		if err := ssc.podControl.DeleteStatefulPod(set, condemned[target]); err != nil {
			return &status, err
		}
		if getPodRevision(condemned[target]) == currentRevision.Name {
			status.CurrentReplicas--
		}
		if getPodRevision(condemned[target]) == updateRevision.Name {
			status.UpdatedReplicas--
		}
		if monotonic {
			return &status, nil
		}
	}

	// for the OnDelete strategy we short circuit. Pods will be updated when they are manually deleted.
	if set.Spec.UpdateStrategy.Type == apps.OnDeleteStatefulSetStrategyType {
		return &status, nil
	}

	// we compute the minimum ordinal of the target sequence for a destructive update based on the strategy.
	updateMin := 0
	if set.Spec.UpdateStrategy.RollingUpdate != nil {
		updateMin = int(*set.Spec.UpdateStrategy.RollingUpdate.Partition)
	}
	// we terminate the Pod with the largest ordinal that does not match the update revision.
	for target := len(replicas) - 1; target >= updateMin; target-- {

		// delete the Pod if it is not already terminating and does not match the update revision.
		if getPodRevision(replicas[target]) != updateRevision.Name && !isTerminating(replicas[target]) {
			klog.V(2).Infof("StatefulSet %s/%s terminating Pod %s for update",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				replicas[target].Name)
			err := ssc.podControl.DeleteStatefulPod(set, replicas[target])
			status.CurrentReplicas--
			return &status, err
		}

		// wait for unhealthy Pods on update
		if !isHealthy(replicas[target]) {
			klog.V(4).Infof(
				"StatefulSet %s/%s is waiting for Pod %s to update",
				set.Namespace,
				set.Name,
				replicas[target].Name)
			return &status, nil
		}

	}
	return &status, nil
}

// updateStatefulSetStatus updates set's Status to be equal to status. If status indicates a complete update, it is
// mutated to indicate completion. If status is semantically equivalent to set's Status no update is performed. If the
// returned error is nil, the update is successful.
func (ssc *defaultStatefulSetControl) updateStatefulSetStatus(
	set *apps.StatefulSet,
	status *apps.StatefulSetStatus) error {
	// complete any in progress rolling update if necessary
	completeRollingUpdate(set, status)

	// if the status is not inconsistent do not perform an update
	if !inconsistentStatus(set, status) {
		return nil
	}

	// copy set and update its status
	set = set.DeepCopy()
	if err := ssc.statusUpdater.UpdateStatefulSetStatus(set, status); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

var _ StatefulSetControlInterface = &defaultStatefulSetControl{}