S
..
E

.. hxunent - replace HTML predefined character entities by UTF-8 hxunent "[\| " -b " \|]" "[\| " -f " \|]" "[\| " file " \|]"

The hxunent command reads the file (or standard input) and copies it to standard output with &-entities by their equivalent character (encoded as UTF-8). E.g., &quot; is replaced by " and &lt; is replaced by <.

The following options are supported:

10 -b The five builtin entities of XML (&lt; &gt; &quot; &apos; &amp;) are not replaced but copied unchanged. This is necessary if the output has to be valid XML or SGML.

-f This option changes how unknown entities or lone ampersands are handled. Normally they are copied unchanged, but this option tries to "fix" them by replacing ampersands by &amp;. Often such stray ampersands are the result of copy and paste of URLs into a document and then this option indeed fixes them and makes the document valid.

The program's exit value is 0 if all went well, otherwise:

10 1 The input couldn't be read (file not found, file not readable...)

2 Wrong command line arguments.

asc2xml (1), xml2asc (1), UTF-8 " (RFC 2279)"

The program assumes entities are as defined by HTML. It doesn't read a document's DTD to find the actual definitions in use in a document. With -f , it will even remove all entities that are not HTML entities.