1 // Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 #ifndef BASE_TEMPLATE_UTIL_H_
6 #define BASE_TEMPLATE_UTIL_H_
7 
8 #include <stddef.h>
9 #include <iosfwd>
10 #include <iterator>
11 #include <type_traits>
12 #include <utility>
13 #include <vector>
14 
15 #include "build/build_config.h"
16 
17 // Some versions of libstdc++ have partial support for type_traits, but misses
18 // a smaller subset while removing some of the older non-standard stuff. Assume
19 // that all versions below 5.0 fall in this category, along with one 5.0
20 // experimental release. Test for this by consulting compiler major version,
21 // the only reliable option available, so theoretically this could fail should
22 // you attempt to mix an earlier version of libstdc++ with >= GCC5. But
23 // that's unlikely to work out, especially as GCC5 changed ABI.
24 #define CR_GLIBCXX_5_0_0 20150123
25 #if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ < 5) || \
26     (defined(__GLIBCXX__) && __GLIBCXX__ == CR_GLIBCXX_5_0_0)
27 #define CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_OLD_EXPERIMENTAL_GLIBCXX
28 #endif
29 
30 // This hacks around using gcc with libc++ which has some incompatibilies.
31 // - is_trivially_* doesn't work: https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=27538
32 // TODO(danakj): Remove this when android builders are all using a newer version
33 // of gcc, or the android ndk is updated to a newer libc++ that works with older
34 // gcc versions.
35 #if !defined(__clang__) && defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
36 #define CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_GCC_WITH_LIBCXX
37 #endif
38 
39 namespace base {
40 
41 template <class T> struct is_non_const_reference : std::false_type {};
42 template <class T> struct is_non_const_reference<T&> : std::true_type {};
43 template <class T> struct is_non_const_reference<const T&> : std::false_type {};
44 
45 namespace internal {
46 
47 // Implementation detail of base::void_t below.
48 template <typename...>
49 struct make_void {
50   using type = void;
51 };
52 
53 }  // namespace internal
54 
55 // base::void_t is an implementation of std::void_t from C++17.
56 //
57 // We use |base::internal::make_void| as a helper struct to avoid a C++14
58 // defect:
59 //   http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/void_t
60 //   http://open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/cwg_defects.html#1558
61 template <typename... Ts>
62 using void_t = typename ::base::internal::make_void<Ts...>::type;
63 
64 namespace internal {
65 
66 // Uses expression SFINAE to detect whether using operator<< would work.
67 template <typename T, typename = void>
68 struct SupportsOstreamOperator : std::false_type {};
69 template <typename T>
70 struct SupportsOstreamOperator<T,
71                                decltype(void(std::declval<std::ostream&>()
72                                              << std::declval<T>()))>
73     : std::true_type {};
74 
75 template <typename T, typename = void>
76 struct SupportsToString : std::false_type {};
77 template <typename T>
78 struct SupportsToString<T, decltype(void(std::declval<T>().ToString()))>
79     : std::true_type {};
80 
81 // Used to detech whether the given type is an iterator.  This is normally used
82 // with std::enable_if to provide disambiguation for functions that take
83 // templatzed iterators as input.
84 template <typename T, typename = void>
85 struct is_iterator : std::false_type {};
86 
87 template <typename T>
88 struct is_iterator<T,
89                    void_t<typename std::iterator_traits<T>::iterator_category>>
90     : std::true_type {};
91 
92 // Helper to express preferences in an overload set. If more than one overload
93 // are available for a given set of parameters the overload with the higher
94 // priority will be chosen.
95 template <size_t I>
96 struct priority_tag : priority_tag<I - 1> {};
97 
98 template <>
99 struct priority_tag<0> {};
100 
101 }  // namespace internal
102 
103 // is_trivially_copyable is especially hard to get right.
104 // - Older versions of libstdc++ will fail to have it like they do for other
105 //   type traits. This has become a subset of the second point, but used to be
106 //   handled independently.
107 // - An experimental release of gcc includes most of type_traits but misses
108 //   is_trivially_copyable, so we still have to avoid using libstdc++ in this
109 //   case, which is covered by CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_OLD_EXPERIMENTAL_GLIBCXX.
110 // - When compiling libc++ from before r239653, with a gcc compiler, the
111 //   std::is_trivially_copyable can fail. So we need to work around that by not
112 //   using the one in libc++ in this case. This is covered by the
113 //   CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_GCC_WITH_LIBCXX define, and is discussed in
114 //   https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=27538#c1 where they point out that
115 //   in libc++'s commit r239653 this is fixed by libc++ checking for gcc 5.1.
116 // - In both of the above cases we are using the gcc compiler. When defining
117 //   this ourselves on compiler intrinsics, the __is_trivially_copyable()
118 //   intrinsic is not available on gcc before version 5.1 (see the discussion in
119 //   https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=27538#c1 again), so we must check for
120 //   that version.
121 // - When __is_trivially_copyable() is not available because we are on gcc older
122 //   than 5.1, we need to fall back to something, so we use __has_trivial_copy()
123 //   instead based on what was done one-off in bit_cast() previously.
124 
125 // TODO(crbug.com/554293): Remove this when all platforms have this in the std
126 // namespace and it works with gcc as needed.
127 #if defined(CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_OLD_EXPERIMENTAL_GLIBCXX) || \
128     defined(CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_GCC_WITH_LIBCXX)
129 template <typename T>
130 struct is_trivially_copyable {
131 // TODO(danakj): Remove this when android builders are all using a newer version
132 // of gcc, or the android ndk is updated to a newer libc++ that does this for
133 // us.
134 #if _GNUC_VER >= 501
135   static constexpr bool value = __is_trivially_copyable(T);
136 #else
137   static constexpr bool value =
138       __has_trivial_copy(T) && __has_trivial_destructor(T);
139 #endif
140 };
141 #else
142 template <class T>
143 using is_trivially_copyable = std::is_trivially_copyable<T>;
144 #endif
145 
146 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && __GNUC__ <= 7
147 // Workaround for g++7 and earlier family.
148 // Due to https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=80654, without this
149 // Optional<std::vector<T>> where T is non-copyable causes a compile error.
150 // As we know it is not trivially copy constructible, explicitly declare so.
151 template <typename T>
152 struct is_trivially_copy_constructible
153     : std::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T> {};
154 
155 template <typename... T>
156 struct is_trivially_copy_constructible<std::vector<T...>> : std::false_type {};
157 #else
158 // Otherwise use std::is_trivially_copy_constructible as is.
159 template <typename T>
160 using is_trivially_copy_constructible = std::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>;
161 #endif
162 
163 // base::in_place_t is an implementation of std::in_place_t from
164 // C++17. A tag type used to request in-place construction in template vararg
165 // constructors.
166 
167 // Specification:
168 // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/in_place
169 struct in_place_t {};
170 constexpr in_place_t in_place = {};
171 
172 // base::in_place_type_t is an implementation of std::in_place_type_t from
173 // C++17. A tag type used for in-place construction when the type to construct
174 // needs to be specified, such as with base::unique_any, designed to be a
175 // drop-in replacement.
176 
177 // Specification:
178 // http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/in_place
179 template <typename T>
180 struct in_place_type_t {};
181 
182 template <typename T>
183 struct is_in_place_type_t {
184   static constexpr bool value = false;
185 };
186 
187 template <typename... Ts>
188 struct is_in_place_type_t<in_place_type_t<Ts...>> {
189   static constexpr bool value = true;
190 };
191 
192 // C++14 implementation of C++17's std::bool_constant.
193 //
194 // Reference: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/integral_constant
195 // Specification: https://wg21.link/meta.type.synop
196 template <bool B>
197 using bool_constant = std::integral_constant<bool, B>;
198 
199 // C++14 implementation of C++17's std::conjunction.
200 //
201 // Reference: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/conjunction
202 // Specification: https://wg21.link/meta.logical#1.itemdecl:1
203 template <typename...>
204 struct conjunction : std::true_type {};
205 
206 template <typename B1>
207 struct conjunction<B1> : B1 {};
208 
209 template <typename B1, typename... Bn>
210 struct conjunction<B1, Bn...>
211     : std::conditional_t<static_cast<bool>(B1::value), conjunction<Bn...>, B1> {
212 };
213 
214 // C++14 implementation of C++17's std::disjunction.
215 //
216 // Reference: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/disjunction
217 // Specification: https://wg21.link/meta.logical#itemdecl:2
218 template <typename...>
219 struct disjunction : std::false_type {};
220 
221 template <typename B1>
222 struct disjunction<B1> : B1 {};
223 
224 template <typename B1, typename... Bn>
225 struct disjunction<B1, Bn...>
226     : std::conditional_t<static_cast<bool>(B1::value), B1, disjunction<Bn...>> {
227 };
228 
229 // C++14 implementation of C++17's std::negation.
230 //
231 // Reference: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/negation
232 // Specification: https://wg21.link/meta.logical#itemdecl:3
233 template <typename B>
234 struct negation : bool_constant<!static_cast<bool>(B::value)> {};
235 
236 // Implementation of C++17's std::invoke_result_t.
237 //
238 // This implementation adds references to `Functor` and `Args` to work around
239 // some quirks of std::result_of_t. See the #Notes section of [1] for details.
240 //
241 // References:
242 // [1] https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/result_of
243 // [2] https://wg21.link/meta.type.synop#lib:invoke_result_t
244 template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
245 using invoke_result_t = std::result_of_t<Functor && (Args && ...)>;
246 
247 // Simplified implementation of C++20's std::iter_value_t.
248 // As opposed to std::iter_value_t, this implementation does not restrict
249 // the type of `Iter` and does not consider specializations of
250 // `indirectly_readable_traits`.
251 //
252 // Reference: https://wg21.link/readable.traits#2
253 template <typename Iter>
254 using iter_value_t = typename std::iterator_traits<
255     std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<Iter>>>::value_type;
256 
257 // Simplified implementation of C++20's std::iter_reference_t.
258 // As opposed to std::iter_reference_t, this implementation does not restrict
259 // the type of `Iter`.
260 //
261 // Reference: https://wg21.link/iterator.synopsis#:~:text=iter_reference_t
262 template <typename Iter>
263 using iter_reference_t = decltype(*std::declval<Iter&>());
264 
265 // Simplified implementation of C++20's std::indirect_result_t. As opposed to
266 // std::indirect_result_t, this implementation does not restrict the type of
267 // `Func` and `Iters`.
268 //
269 // Reference: https://wg21.link/iterator.synopsis#:~:text=indirect_result_t
270 template <typename Func, typename... Iters>
271 using indirect_result_t = invoke_result_t<Func, iter_reference_t<Iters>...>;
272 
273 // Simplified implementation of C++20's std::projected. As opposed to
274 // std::projected, this implementation does not explicitly restrict the type of
275 // `Iter` and `Proj`, but rather does so implicitly by requiring
276 // `indirect_result_t<Proj, Iter>` is a valid type. This is required for SFINAE
277 // friendliness.
278 //
279 // Reference: https://wg21.link/projected
280 template <typename Iter,
281           typename Proj,
282           typename IndirectResultT = indirect_result_t<Proj, Iter>>
283 struct projected {
284   using value_type = std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<IndirectResultT>>;
285 
286   IndirectResultT operator*() const;  // not defined
287 };
288 
289 }  // namespace base
290 
291 #undef CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_GCC_WITH_LIBCXX
292 #undef CR_USE_FALLBACKS_FOR_OLD_EXPERIMENTAL_GLIBCXX
293 
294 #endif  // BASE_TEMPLATE_UTIL_H_
295