1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by the University of 16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 * 33 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 34 * @(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94 35 * $FreeBSD: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.30.2.6 2002/07/04 08:30:37 sobomax Exp $ 36 * $DragonFly: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.25 2008/01/10 14:18:39 matthias Exp $ 37 */ 38 39 #include <sys/param.h> 40 #include <sys/user.h> 41 #include <sys/time.h> 42 #include <sys/queue.h> 43 #include <sys/resource.h> 44 #include <sys/stat.h> 45 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 #include <sys/mount.h> 48 49 #include <ctype.h> 50 #include <err.h> 51 #include <errno.h> 52 #include <fcntl.h> 53 #include <kvm.h> 54 #include <limits.h> 55 #include <locale.h> 56 #include <nlist.h> 57 #include <paths.h> 58 #include <stdio.h> 59 #include <stdlib.h> 60 #include <string.h> 61 #include <unistd.h> 62 #include <pwd.h> 63 #include <utmp.h> 64 65 #include "ps.h" 66 67 #define SEP ", \t" /* username separators */ 68 69 KINFO *kinfo; 70 struct varent *vhead, *vtail; 71 72 int eval; /* exit value */ 73 int cflag; /* -c */ 74 int rawcpu; /* -C */ 75 int sumrusage; /* -S */ 76 int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */ 77 int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */ 78 int numcpus; /* hw.ncpu */ 79 80 static int needuser, needcomm, needenv; 81 #if defined(LAZY_PS) 82 static int forceuread=0; 83 #define PS_ARGS "aCcefgHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwx" 84 #else 85 static int forceuread=1; 86 #define PS_ARGS "aCcegHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwx" 87 #endif 88 89 enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT; 90 91 static const char *getfmt (char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), 92 KINFO *, char *, int); 93 static char *kludge_oldps_options (char *); 94 static int pscomp (const void *, const void *); 95 static void saveuser (KINFO *); 96 static void scanvars (void); 97 static void dynsizevars (KINFO *); 98 static void sizevars (void); 99 static int check_procfs(void); 100 static void usage (void); 101 static uid_t *getuids(const char *, int *); 102 103 struct timeval btime; 104 105 static char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command"; 106 static char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command"; 107 static char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command"; 108 static char o1[] = "pid"; 109 static char o2[] = "tt state time command"; 110 static char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command"; 111 static char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command"; 112 113 kvm_t *kd; 114 115 int 116 main(int argc, char **argv) 117 { 118 struct kinfo_proc *kp; 119 struct varent *vent; 120 struct winsize ws; 121 dev_t ttydev; 122 pid_t pid; 123 uid_t *uids; 124 int all, ch, flag, i, fmt, ofmt, lineno, nentries, nocludge, dropgid; 125 int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids, showtid; 126 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; 127 const char *cp, *nlistf, *memf; 128 size_t btime_size = sizeof(struct timeval); 129 size_t numcpus_size = sizeof(numcpus); 130 131 setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); 132 133 if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 134 ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 135 ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) || 136 ws.ws_col == 0) 137 termwidth = 79; 138 else 139 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1; 140 141 /* 142 * Don't apply a kludge if the first argument is an option taking an 143 * argument 144 */ 145 if (argc > 1) { 146 nocludge = 0; 147 if (argv[1][0] == '-') { 148 for (cp = PS_ARGS; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 149 if (*cp != ':') 150 continue; 151 if (*(cp - 1) == argv[1][1]) { 152 nocludge = 1; 153 break; 154 } 155 } 156 } 157 if (nocludge == 0) 158 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]); 159 } 160 161 all = fmt = ofmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = showtid = 0; 162 pid = -1; 163 nuids = 0; 164 uids = NULL; 165 ttydev = NODEV; 166 dropgid = 0; 167 memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL; 168 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1) 169 switch((char)ch) { 170 case 'a': 171 all = 1; 172 break; 173 case 'C': 174 rawcpu = 1; 175 break; 176 case 'c': 177 cflag = 1; 178 break; 179 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */ 180 needenv = 1; 181 break; 182 case 'g': 183 break; /* no-op */ 184 case 'H': 185 showtid = KERN_PROC_FLAG_LWP; 186 break; 187 case 'h': 188 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22; 189 break; 190 case 'j': 191 parsefmt(jfmt); 192 fmt = 1; 193 jfmt[0] = '\0'; 194 break; 195 case 'L': 196 showkey(); 197 exit(0); 198 case 'l': 199 parsefmt(lfmt); 200 fmt = 1; 201 lfmt[0] = '\0'; 202 break; 203 case 'M': 204 memf = optarg; 205 dropgid = 1; 206 break; 207 case 'm': 208 sortby = SORTMEM; 209 break; 210 case 'N': 211 nlistf = optarg; 212 dropgid = 1; 213 break; 214 case 'O': 215 parsefmt(o1); 216 parsefmt(optarg); 217 parsefmt(o2); 218 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0'; 219 fmt = 1; 220 break; 221 case 'o': 222 parsefmt(optarg); 223 fmt = ofmt = 1; 224 break; 225 #if defined(LAZY_PS) 226 case 'f': 227 if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0) 228 forceuread = 1; 229 break; 230 #endif 231 case 'p': 232 pid = atol(optarg); 233 xflg = 1; 234 break; 235 case 'r': 236 sortby = SORTCPU; 237 break; 238 case 'S': 239 sumrusage = 1; 240 break; 241 case 'T': 242 if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL) 243 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal"); 244 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 245 case 't': { 246 struct stat sb; 247 char pathbuf[PATH_MAX]; 248 const char *ttypath; 249 250 if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0) 251 ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE; 252 else if (*optarg != '/') { 253 snprintf(pathbuf, 254 sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg); 255 ttypath = pathbuf; 256 } else 257 ttypath = optarg; 258 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1) 259 err(1, "%s", ttypath); 260 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 261 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath); 262 ttydev = sb.st_rdev; 263 break; 264 } 265 case 'U': 266 uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids); 267 xflg++; /* XXX: intuitive? */ 268 break; 269 case 'u': 270 parsefmt(ufmt); 271 sortby = SORTCPU; 272 fmt = 1; 273 ufmt[0] = '\0'; 274 break; 275 case 'v': 276 parsefmt(vfmt); 277 sortby = SORTMEM; 278 fmt = 1; 279 vfmt[0] = '\0'; 280 break; 281 case 'w': 282 if (wflag) 283 termwidth = UNLIMITED; 284 else if (termwidth < 131) 285 termwidth = 131; 286 wflag++; 287 break; 288 case 'x': 289 xflg = 1; 290 break; 291 case '?': 292 default: 293 usage(); 294 } 295 argc -= optind; 296 argv += optind; 297 298 /* 299 * If the user specified ps -e then they want a copy of the process 300 * environment kvm_getenvv(3) attempts to open /proc/<pid>/mem. 301 * Check to make sure that procfs is mounted on /proc, otherwise 302 * print a warning informing the user that output will be incomplete. 303 */ 304 if (needenv == 1 && check_procfs() == 0) 305 warnx("Process environment requires procfs(5)"); 306 307 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 308 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 309 if (*argv) { 310 nlistf = *argv; 311 if (*++argv) { 312 memf = *argv; 313 } 314 } 315 #endif 316 /* 317 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad 318 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory. 319 */ 320 if (dropgid) { 321 setgid(getgid()); 322 setuid(getuid()); 323 } 324 325 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf); 326 if (kd == 0) 327 errx(1, "%s", errbuf); 328 329 if (!fmt) 330 parsefmt(dfmt); 331 332 /* 333 * Add TID to output format if requested unless user-specific format 334 * selected. 335 */ 336 if (showtid && !ofmt) 337 insert_tid_in_fmt(); 338 339 /* XXX - should be cleaner */ 340 if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) { 341 if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL) 342 errx(1, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno)); 343 nuids = 1; 344 *uids = getuid(); 345 } 346 347 /* 348 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed, 349 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate. 350 */ 351 scanvars(); 352 353 /* 354 * Get boot time 355 */ 356 if (sysctlbyname("kern.boottime", &btime, &btime_size, NULL, 0) < 0) { 357 perror("sysctl: kern.boottime"); 358 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 359 } 360 361 /* 362 * Get number of cpus 363 */ 364 if (sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &numcpus, &numcpus_size, NULL, 0) < 0) 365 numcpus = 1; 366 367 /* 368 * get proc list 369 */ 370 if (nuids == 1) { 371 what = KERN_PROC_UID; 372 flag = *uids; 373 } else if (ttydev != NODEV) { 374 what = KERN_PROC_TTY; 375 flag = ttydev; 376 } else if (pid != -1) { 377 what = KERN_PROC_PID; 378 flag = pid; 379 } else { 380 what = KERN_PROC_ALL; 381 flag = 0; 382 } 383 what |= showtid; 384 385 /* 386 * select procs 387 */ 388 if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == NULL) 389 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd)); 390 if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL) 391 err(1, NULL); 392 for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) { 393 kinfo[i].ki_proc = kp; 394 if (needuser) 395 saveuser(&kinfo[i]); 396 dynsizevars(&kinfo[i]); 397 } 398 399 sizevars(); 400 401 /* 402 * print header 403 */ 404 printheader(); 405 if (nentries == 0) 406 exit(1); 407 /* 408 * sort proc list 409 */ 410 qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp); 411 /* 412 * for each proc, call each variable output function. 413 */ 414 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) { 415 if (xflg == 0 && (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i], tdev) == NODEV || 416 (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i], flags) & P_CONTROLT ) == 0)) 417 continue; 418 if (nuids > 1) { 419 for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++) 420 if (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i], uid) == 421 uids[uid]) 422 break; 423 if (uid == nuids) 424 continue; 425 } 426 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 427 (vent->var->oproc)(&kinfo[i], vent); 428 if (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, link) != NULL) 429 putchar(' '); 430 } 431 putchar('\n'); 432 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) { 433 putchar('\n'); 434 printheader(); 435 lineno = 0; 436 } 437 } 438 free(uids); 439 440 exit(eval); 441 } 442 443 uid_t * 444 getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids) 445 { 446 char name[UT_NAMESIZE + 1]; 447 struct passwd *pwd; 448 uid_t *uids, *moreuids; 449 size_t l; 450 int alloc; 451 452 453 alloc = 0; 454 *nuids = 0; 455 uids = NULL; 456 for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) { 457 if (l >= sizeof name) { 458 warnx("%.*s: name too long", (int)l, arg); 459 continue; 460 } 461 strncpy(name, arg, l); 462 name[l] = '\0'; 463 if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) { 464 warnx("%s: no such user", name); 465 continue; 466 } 467 if (*nuids >= alloc) { 468 alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1; 469 moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids)); 470 if (moreuids == NULL) { 471 free(uids); 472 errx(1, "realloc: %s", strerror(errno)); 473 } 474 uids = moreuids; 475 } 476 uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid; 477 } 478 endpwent(); 479 480 if (!*nuids) 481 errx(1, "No users specified"); 482 483 return uids; 484 } 485 486 static void 487 scanvars(void) 488 { 489 struct varent *vent; 490 const VAR *v; 491 492 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 493 v = vent->var; 494 if (v->flag & DSIZ) { 495 vent->dwidth = vent->width; 496 vent->width = 0; 497 } 498 if (v->flag & USER) 499 needuser = 1; 500 if (v->flag & COMM) 501 needcomm = 1; 502 } 503 } 504 505 static void 506 dynsizevars(KINFO *ki) 507 { 508 struct varent *vent; 509 const VAR *v; 510 int i; 511 512 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 513 v = vent->var; 514 if (!(v->flag & DSIZ)) 515 continue; 516 i = (v->sproc)( ki); 517 if (vent->width < i) 518 vent->width = i; 519 if (vent->width > vent->dwidth) 520 vent->width = vent->dwidth; 521 } 522 } 523 524 static void 525 sizevars(void) 526 { 527 struct varent *vent; 528 const VAR *v; 529 int i; 530 531 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 532 v = vent->var; 533 i = strlen(vent->header); 534 if (vent->width < i) 535 vent->width = i; 536 totwidth += vent->width + 1; /* +1 for space */ 537 } 538 totwidth--; 539 } 540 541 static const char * 542 getfmt(char **(*fn) (kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki, char 543 *comm, int maxlen) 544 { 545 const char *s; 546 547 if ((s = 548 fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_proc, termwidth), comm, maxlen)) == NULL) 549 err(1, NULL); 550 return (s); 551 } 552 553 static void 554 saveuser(KINFO *ki) 555 { 556 /* 557 * save arguments if needed 558 */ 559 if (needcomm) { 560 ki->ki_args = getfmt(kvm_getargv, ki, KI_PROC(ki, comm), 561 MAXCOMLEN); 562 } else { 563 ki->ki_args = NULL; 564 } 565 if (needenv) { 566 ki->ki_env = getfmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, NULL, 0); 567 } else { 568 ki->ki_env = NULL; 569 } 570 } 571 572 static int 573 pscomp(const void *a, const void *b) 574 { 575 int i; 576 #define VSIZE(k) (KI_PROC(k, vm_dsize) + KI_PROC(k, vm_ssize) + \ 577 KI_PROC(k, vm_tsize)) 578 579 #if 0 580 if (sortby == SORTIAC) 581 return (KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive); 582 #endif 583 if (sortby == SORTCPU) 584 return (getpcpu((const KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((const KINFO *)a)); 585 if (sortby == SORTMEM) 586 return (VSIZE((const KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((const KINFO *)a)); 587 i = KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a, tdev) - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b, tdev); 588 if (i == 0) 589 i = KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a, pid) - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b, pid); 590 return (i); 591 } 592 593 /* 594 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness 595 * here than taint the main code. 596 * 597 * ps foo -> ps -foo 598 * ps 34 -> ps -p34 599 * 600 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users 601 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same 602 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument. 603 */ 604 static char * 605 kludge_oldps_options(char *s) 606 { 607 size_t len; 608 char *newopts, *ns, *cp; 609 610 len = strlen(s); 611 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL) 612 err(1, NULL); 613 /* 614 * options begin with '-' 615 */ 616 if (*s != '-') 617 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */ 618 /* 619 * gaze to end of argv[1] 620 */ 621 cp = s + len - 1; 622 /* 623 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context 624 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' -- 625 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)). 626 * 627 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the 628 * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to 629 * that flag; do not modify that argument. 630 */ 631 if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-') 632 *cp = 'T'; 633 else { 634 /* 635 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a 636 * pid. 637 */ 638 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp)) 639 --cp; 640 } 641 cp++; 642 memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */ 643 ns += cp - s; 644 /* 645 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or 646 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag. 647 */ 648 if (isdigit(*cp) && 649 (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) && 650 (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't')) 651 *ns++ = 'p'; 652 strcpy(ns, cp); /* and append the number */ 653 654 return (newopts); 655 } 656 657 static int 658 check_procfs(void) 659 { 660 struct statfs mnt; 661 662 if (statfs("/proc", &mnt) < 0) 663 return (0); 664 if (strcmp(mnt.f_fstypename, "procfs") != 0) 665 return (0); 666 return (1); 667 } 668 669 static void 670 usage(void) 671 { 672 673 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n", 674 "usage: ps [-aChHjlmrSTuvwx] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty] [-U user]", 675 " [-M core] [-N system]", 676 " ps [-L]"); 677 exit(1); 678 } 679