1.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 17.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 18.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 19.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21.\" without specific prior written permission. 22.\" 23.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 34.\" 35.\" @(#)test.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93 36.\" $FreeBSD: src/bin/test/test.1,v 1.11.2.5 2001/12/14 14:22:09 ru Exp $ 37.\" 38.Dd May 31, 1993 39.Dt TEST 1 40.Os 41.Sh NAME 42.Nm test , 43.Nm \&[ 44.Nd condition evaluation utility 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Ar expression 48.Nm \&[ 49.Ar expression Cm ] 50.Sh DESCRIPTION 51The 52.Nm 53utility evaluates the expression and, if it evaluates 54to true, returns a zero (true) exit status; otherwise 55it returns 1 (false). 56If there is no expression, test also 57returns 1 (false). 58.Pp 59All operators and flags are separate arguments to the 60.Nm 61utility. 62.Pp 63The following primaries are used to construct expression: 64.Bl -tag -width Ar 65.It Fl b Ar file 66True if 67.Ar file 68exists and is a block special 69file. 70.It Fl c Ar file 71True if 72.Ar file 73exists and is a character 74special file. 75.It Fl d Ar file 76True if 77.Ar file 78exists and is a directory. 79.It Fl e Ar file 80True if 81.Ar file 82exists (regardless of type). 83.It Fl f Ar file 84True if 85.Ar file 86exists and is a regular file. 87.It Fl g Ar file 88True if 89.Ar file 90exists and its set group ID flag 91is set. 92.It Fl h Ar file 93True if 94.Ar file 95exists and is a symbolic link. 96This operator is retained for compatibility with previous versions of 97this program. 98Do not rely on its existence; use 99.Fl L 100instead. 101.It Fl k Ar file 102True if 103.Ar file 104exists and its sticky bit is set. 105.It Fl n Ar string 106True if the length of 107.Ar string 108is nonzero. 109.It Fl p Ar file 110True if 111.Ar file 112is a named pipe 113.Pq Tn FIFO . 114.It Fl r Ar file 115True if 116.Ar file 117exists and is readable. 118.It Fl s Ar file 119True if 120.Ar file 121exists and has a size greater 122than zero. 123.It Fl t Ar file_descriptor 124True if the file whose file descriptor number 125is 126.Ar file_descriptor 127is open and is associated with a terminal. 128.It Fl u Ar file 129True if 130.Ar file 131exists and its set user ID flag 132is set. 133.It Fl w Ar file 134True if 135.Ar file 136exists and is writable. 137True 138indicates only that the write flag is on. 139The file is not writable on a read-only file 140system even if this test indicates true. 141.It Fl x Ar file 142True if 143.Ar file 144exists and is executable. 145True 146indicates only that the execute flag is on. 147If 148.Ar file 149is a directory, true indicates that 150.Ar file 151can be searched. 152.It Fl z Ar string 153True if the length of 154.Ar string 155is zero. 156.It Fl L Ar file 157True if 158.Ar file 159exists and is a symbolic link. 160.It Fl O Ar file 161True if 162.Ar file 163exists and its owner matches the effective user id of this process. 164.It Fl G Ar file 165True if 166.Ar file 167exists and its group matches the effective group id of this process. 168.It Fl S Ar file 169True if 170.Ar file 171exists and is a socket. 172.It Ar file1 Fl nt Ar file2 173True if 174.Ar file1 175exists and is newer than 176.Ar file2 . 177.It Ar file1 Fl ot Ar file2 178True if 179.Ar file1 180exists and is older than 181.Ar file2 . 182.It Ar file1 Fl ef Ar file2 183True if 184.Ar file1 185and 186.Ar file2 187exist and refer to the same file. 188.It Ar string 189True if 190.Ar string 191is not the null 192string. 193.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&= Ar \&s\&2 194True if the strings 195.Ar \&s\&1 196and 197.Ar \&s\&2 198are identical. 199.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&!= Ar \&s\&2 200True if the strings 201.Ar \&s\&1 202and 203.Ar \&s\&2 204are not identical. 205.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&< Ar \&s\&2 206True if string 207.Ar \&s\&1 208comes before 209.Ar \&s\&2 210based on the ASCII value of their characters. 211.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&> Ar \&s\&2 212True if string 213.Ar \&s\&1 214comes after 215.Ar \&s\&2 216based on the ASCII value of their characters. 217.It Ar \&s\&1 218True if 219.Ar \&s\&1 220is not the null 221string. 222.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&eq Ar \&n\&2 223True if the integers 224.Ar \&n\&1 225and 226.Ar \&n\&2 227are algebraically 228equal. 229.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&ne Ar \&n\&2 230True if the integers 231.Ar \&n\&1 232and 233.Ar \&n\&2 234are not 235algebraically equal. 236.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \> Ar \&n\&2 237True if the integer 238.Ar \&n\&1 239is algebraically 240greater than the integer 241.Ar \&n\&2 . 242.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&ge Ar \&n\&2 243True if the integer 244.Ar \&n\&1 245is algebraically 246greater than or equal to the integer 247.Ar \&n\&2 . 248.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \< Ar \&n\&2 249True if the integer 250.Ar \&n\&1 251is algebraically less 252than the integer 253.Ar \&n\&2 . 254.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&le Ar \&n\&2 255True if the integer 256.Ar \&n\&1 257is algebraically less 258than or equal to the integer 259.Ar \&n\&2 . 260.El 261.Pp 262These primaries can be combined with the following operators: 263.Bl -tag -width Ar 264.It Cm \&! Ar expression 265True if 266.Ar expression 267is false. 268.It Ar expression1 Fl a Ar expression2 269True if both 270.Ar expression1 271and 272.Ar expression2 273are true. 274.It Ar expression1 Fl o Ar expression2 275True if either 276.Ar expression1 277or 278.Ar expression2 279are true. 280.It Cm \&( Ns Ar expression Ns Cm \&) 281True if expression is true. 282.El 283.Pp 284The 285.Fl a 286operator has higher precedence than the 287.Fl o 288operator. 289.Pp 290Some shells may provide a builtin 291.Nm 292command which is similar or identical to this utility. 293Consult the 294.Xr builtin 1 295manual page. 296.Sh GRAMMAR AMBIGUITY 297The 298.Nm 299grammar is inherently ambiguous. In order to assure a degree of consistency, 300the cases described in the 301.St -p1003.2 , 302section D11.2/4.62.4, standard 303are evaluated consistently according to the rules specified in the 304standards document. All other cases are subject to the ambiguity in the 305command semantics. 306.Sh RETURN VALUES 307The 308.Nm 309utility exits with one of the following values: 310.Bl -tag -width Ds 311.It 0 312expression evaluated to true. 313.It 1 314expression evaluated to false or expression was 315missing. 316.It >1 317An error occurred. 318.El 319.Sh SEE ALSO 320.Xr builtin 1 , 321.Xr expr 1 , 322.Xr sh 1 323.Sh STANDARDS 324The 325.Nm 326utility implements a superset of the 327.St -p1003.2 328specification. 329