1@c Copyright (C) 1991-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 2@c This is part of the GAS manual. 3@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo. 4@ifset GENERIC 5@page 6@node Z8000-Dependent 7@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 8@end ifset 9@ifclear GENERIC 10@node Machine Dependencies 11@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 12@end ifclear 13 14@cindex Z8000 support 15The Z8000 @value{AS} supports both members of the Z8000 family: the 16unsegmented Z8002, with 16 bit addresses, and the segmented Z8001 with 1724 bit addresses. 18 19When the assembler is in unsegmented mode (specified with the 20@code{unsegm} directive), an address takes up one word (16 bit) 21sized register. When the assembler is in segmented mode (specified with 22the @code{segm} directive), a 24-bit address takes up a long (32 bit) 23register. @xref{Z8000 Directives,,Assembler Directives for the Z8000}, 24for a list of other Z8000 specific assembler directives. 25 26@menu 27* Z8000 Options:: Command-line options for the Z8000 28* Z8000 Syntax:: Assembler syntax for the Z8000 29* Z8000 Directives:: Special directives for the Z8000 30* Z8000 Opcodes:: Opcodes 31@end menu 32 33@node Z8000 Options 34@section Options 35 36@cindex Z8000 options 37@cindex options, Z8000 38@table @option 39@cindex @code{-z8001} command line option, Z8000 40@item -z8001 41Generate segmented code by default. 42 43@cindex @code{-z8002} command line option, Z8000 44@item -z8002 45Generate unsegmented code by default. 46@end table 47 48@node Z8000 Syntax 49@section Syntax 50@menu 51* Z8000-Chars:: Special Characters 52* Z8000-Regs:: Register Names 53* Z8000-Addressing:: Addressing Modes 54@end menu 55 56@node Z8000-Chars 57@subsection Special Characters 58 59@cindex line comment character, Z8000 60@cindex Z8000 line comment character 61@samp{!} is the line comment character. 62 63If a @samp{#} appears as the first character of a line then the whole 64line is treated as a comment, but in this case the line could also be 65a logical line number directive (@pxref{Comments}) or a preprocessor 66control command (@pxref{Preprocessing}). 67 68@cindex line separator, Z8000 69@cindex statement separator, Z8000 70@cindex Z8000 line separator 71You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements. 72 73@node Z8000-Regs 74@subsection Register Names 75 76@cindex Z8000 registers 77@cindex registers, Z8000 78The Z8000 has sixteen 16 bit registers, numbered 0 to 15. You can refer 79to different sized groups of registers by register number, with the 80prefix @samp{r} for 16 bit registers, @samp{rr} for 32 bit registers and 81@samp{rq} for 64 bit registers. You can also refer to the contents of 82the first eight (of the sixteen 16 bit registers) by bytes. They are 83named @samp{rl@var{n}} and @samp{rh@var{n}}. 84 85@smallexample 86@exdent @emph{byte registers} 87rl0 rh0 rl1 rh1 rl2 rh2 rl3 rh3 88rl4 rh4 rl5 rh5 rl6 rh6 rl7 rh7 89 90@exdent @emph{word registers} 91r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 92 93@exdent @emph{long word registers} 94rr0 rr2 rr4 rr6 rr8 rr10 rr12 rr14 95 96@exdent @emph{quad word registers} 97rq0 rq4 rq8 rq12 98@end smallexample 99 100@node Z8000-Addressing 101@subsection Addressing Modes 102 103@cindex addressing modes, Z8000 104@cindex Z800 addressing modes 105@value{AS} understands the following addressing modes for the Z8000: 106 107@table @code 108@item rl@var{n} 109@itemx rh@var{n} 110@itemx r@var{n} 111@itemx rr@var{n} 112@itemx rq@var{n} 113Register direct: 8bit, 16bit, 32bit, and 64bit registers. 114 115@item @@r@var{n} 116@itemx @@rr@var{n} 117Indirect register: @@rr@var{n} in segmented mode, @@r@var{n} in unsegmented 118mode. 119 120@item @var{addr} 121Direct: the 16 bit or 24 bit address (depending on whether the assembler 122is in segmented or unsegmented mode) of the operand is in the instruction. 123 124@item address(r@var{n}) 125Indexed: the 16 or 24 bit address is added to the 16 bit register to produce 126the final address in memory of the operand. 127 128@item r@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 129@itemx rr@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 130Base Address: the 16 or 24 bit register is added to the 16 bit sign 131extended immediate displacement to produce the final address in memory 132of the operand. 133 134@item r@var{n}(r@var{m}) 135@itemx rr@var{n}(r@var{m}) 136Base Index: the 16 or 24 bit register r@var{n} or rr@var{n} is added to 137the sign extended 16 bit index register r@var{m} to produce the final 138address in memory of the operand. 139 140@item #@var{xx} 141Immediate data @var{xx}. 142@end table 143 144@node Z8000 Directives 145@section Assembler Directives for the Z8000 146 147@cindex Z8000 directives 148@cindex directives, Z8000 149The Z8000 port of @value{AS} includes additional assembler directives, 150for compatibility with other Z8000 assemblers. These do not begin with 151@samp{.} (unlike the ordinary @value{AS} directives). 152 153@table @code 154@kindex segm 155@item segm 156@kindex .z8001 157@itemx .z8001 158Generate code for the segmented Z8001. 159 160@kindex unsegm 161@item unsegm 162@kindex .z8002 163@itemx .z8002 164Generate code for the unsegmented Z8002. 165 166@kindex name 167@item name 168Synonym for @code{.file} 169 170@kindex global 171@item global 172Synonym for @code{.global} 173 174@kindex wval 175@item wval 176Synonym for @code{.word} 177 178@kindex lval 179@item lval 180Synonym for @code{.long} 181 182@kindex bval 183@item bval 184Synonym for @code{.byte} 185 186@kindex sval 187@item sval 188Assemble a string. @code{sval} expects one string literal, delimited by 189single quotes. It assembles each byte of the string into consecutive 190addresses. You can use the escape sequence @samp{%@var{xx}} (where 191@var{xx} represents a two-digit hexadecimal number) to represent the 192character whose @sc{ascii} value is @var{xx}. Use this feature to 193describe single quote and other characters that may not appear in string 194literals as themselves. For example, the C statement @w{@samp{char *a = 195"he said \"it's 50% off\"";}} is represented in Z8000 assembly language 196(shown with the assembler output in hex at the left) as 197 198@iftex 199@begingroup 200@let@nonarrowing=@comment 201@end iftex 202@smallexample 20368652073 sval 'he said %22it%27s 50%25 off%22%00' 20461696420 20522697427 20673203530 20725206F66 208662200 209@end smallexample 210@iftex 211@endgroup 212@end iftex 213 214@kindex rsect 215@item rsect 216synonym for @code{.section} 217 218@kindex block 219@item block 220synonym for @code{.space} 221 222@kindex even 223@item even 224special case of @code{.align}; aligns output to even byte boundary. 225@end table 226 227@node Z8000 Opcodes 228@section Opcodes 229 230@cindex Z8000 opcode summary 231@cindex opcode summary, Z8000 232@cindex mnemonics, Z8000 233@cindex instruction summary, Z8000 234For detailed information on the Z8000 machine instruction set, see 235@cite{Z8000 Technical Manual}. 236 237@ifset SMALL 238@c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly 239@c except in smallbook. See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file. 240 241The following table summarizes the opcodes and their arguments: 242@iftex 243@begingroup 244@let@nonarrowing=@comment 245@end iftex 246@smallexample 247 248 rs @r{16 bit source register} 249 rd @r{16 bit destination register} 250 rbs @r{8 bit source register} 251 rbd @r{8 bit destination register} 252 rrs @r{32 bit source register} 253 rrd @r{32 bit destination register} 254 rqs @r{64 bit source register} 255 rqd @r{64 bit destination register} 256 addr @r{16/24 bit address} 257 imm @r{immediate data} 258 259adc rd,rs clrb addr cpsir @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 260adcb rbd,rbs clrb addr(rd) cpsirb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 261add rd,@@rs clrb rbd dab rbd 262add rd,addr com @@rd dbjnz rbd,disp7 263add rd,addr(rs) com addr dec @@rd,imm4m1 264add rd,imm16 com addr(rd) dec addr(rd),imm4m1 265add rd,rs com rd dec addr,imm4m1 266addb rbd,@@rs comb @@rd dec rd,imm4m1 267addb rbd,addr comb addr decb @@rd,imm4m1 268addb rbd,addr(rs) comb addr(rd) decb addr(rd),imm4m1 269addb rbd,imm8 comb rbd decb addr,imm4m1 270addb rbd,rbs comflg flags decb rbd,imm4m1 271addl rrd,@@rs cp @@rd,imm16 di i2 272addl rrd,addr cp addr(rd),imm16 div rrd,@@rs 273addl rrd,addr(rs) cp addr,imm16 div rrd,addr 274addl rrd,imm32 cp rd,@@rs div rrd,addr(rs) 275addl rrd,rrs cp rd,addr div rrd,imm16 276and rd,@@rs cp rd,addr(rs) div rrd,rs 277and rd,addr cp rd,imm16 divl rqd,@@rs 278and rd,addr(rs) cp rd,rs divl rqd,addr 279and rd,imm16 cpb @@rd,imm8 divl rqd,addr(rs) 280and rd,rs cpb addr(rd),imm8 divl rqd,imm32 281andb rbd,@@rs cpb addr,imm8 divl rqd,rrs 282andb rbd,addr cpb rbd,@@rs djnz rd,disp7 283andb rbd,addr(rs) cpb rbd,addr ei i2 284andb rbd,imm8 cpb rbd,addr(rs) ex rd,@@rs 285andb rbd,rbs cpb rbd,imm8 ex rd,addr 286bit @@rd,imm4 cpb rbd,rbs ex rd,addr(rs) 287bit addr(rd),imm4 cpd rd,@@rs,rr,cc ex rd,rs 288bit addr,imm4 cpdb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,@@rs 289bit rd,imm4 cpdr rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr 290bit rd,rs cpdrb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr(rs) 291bitb @@rd,imm4 cpi rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,rbs 292bitb addr(rd),imm4 cpib rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0e imm8 293bitb addr,imm4 cpir rd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0f imm8 294bitb rbd,imm4 cpirb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext8e imm8 295bitb rbd,rs cpl rrd,@@rs ext8f imm8 296bpt cpl rrd,addr exts rrd 297call @@rd cpl rrd,addr(rs) extsb rd 298call addr cpl rrd,imm32 extsl rqd 299call addr(rd) cpl rrd,rrs halt 300calr disp12 cpsd @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,@@rs 301clr @@rd cpsdb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,imm16 302clr addr cpsdr @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,@@rs 303clr addr(rd) cpsdrb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,imm16 304clr rd cpsi @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc @@rd,imm4m1 305clrb @@rd cpsib @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc addr(rd),imm4m1 306inc addr,imm4m1 ldb rbd,rs(rx) mult rrd,addr(rs) 307inc rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(imm16),rbs mult rrd,imm16 308incb @@rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(rx),rbs mult rrd,rs 309incb addr(rd),imm4m1 ldctl ctrl,rs multl rqd,@@rs 310incb addr,imm4m1 ldctl rd,ctrl multl rqd,addr 311incb rbd,imm4m1 ldd @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,addr(rs) 312ind @@rd,@@rs,ra lddb @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,imm32 313indb @@rd,@@rs,rba lddr @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,rrs 314inib @@rd,@@rs,ra lddrb @@rs,@@rd,rr neg @@rd 315inibr @@rd,@@rs,ra ldi @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr 316iret ldib @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr(rd) 317jp cc,@@rd ldir @@rd,@@rs,rr neg rd 318jp cc,addr ldirb @@rd,@@rs,rr negb @@rd 319jp cc,addr(rd) ldk rd,imm4 negb addr 320jr cc,disp8 ldl @@rd,rrs negb addr(rd) 321ld @@rd,imm16 ldl addr(rd),rrs negb rbd 322ld @@rd,rs ldl addr,rrs nop 323ld addr(rd),imm16 ldl rd(imm16),rrs or rd,@@rs 324ld addr(rd),rs ldl rd(rx),rrs or rd,addr 325ld addr,imm16 ldl rrd,@@rs or rd,addr(rs) 326ld addr,rs ldl rrd,addr or rd,imm16 327ld rd(imm16),rs ldl rrd,addr(rs) or rd,rs 328ld rd(rx),rs ldl rrd,imm32 orb rbd,@@rs 329ld rd,@@rs ldl rrd,rrs orb rbd,addr 330ld rd,addr ldl rrd,rs(imm16) orb rbd,addr(rs) 331ld rd,addr(rs) ldl rrd,rs(rx) orb rbd,imm8 332ld rd,imm16 ldm @@rd,rs,n orb rbd,rbs 333ld rd,rs ldm addr(rd),rs,n out @@rd,rs 334ld rd,rs(imm16) ldm addr,rs,n out imm16,rs 335ld rd,rs(rx) ldm rd,@@rs,n outb @@rd,rbs 336lda rd,addr ldm rd,addr(rs),n outb imm16,rbs 337lda rd,addr(rs) ldm rd,addr,n outd @@rd,@@rs,ra 338lda rd,rs(imm16) ldps @@rs outdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 339lda rd,rs(rx) ldps addr outib @@rd,@@rs,ra 340ldar rd,disp16 ldps addr(rs) outibr @@rd,@@rs,ra 341ldb @@rd,imm8 ldr disp16,rs pop @@rd,@@rs 342ldb @@rd,rbs ldr rd,disp16 pop addr(rd),@@rs 343ldb addr(rd),imm8 ldrb disp16,rbs pop addr,@@rs 344ldb addr(rd),rbs ldrb rbd,disp16 pop rd,@@rs 345ldb addr,imm8 ldrl disp16,rrs popl @@rd,@@rs 346ldb addr,rbs ldrl rrd,disp16 popl addr(rd),@@rs 347ldb rbd,@@rs mbit popl addr,@@rs 348ldb rbd,addr mreq rd popl rrd,@@rs 349ldb rbd,addr(rs) mres push @@rd,@@rs 350ldb rbd,imm8 mset push @@rd,addr 351ldb rbd,rbs mult rrd,@@rs push @@rd,addr(rs) 352ldb rbd,rs(imm16) mult rrd,addr push @@rd,imm16 353push @@rd,rs set addr,imm4 subl rrd,imm32 354pushl @@rd,@@rs set rd,imm4 subl rrd,rrs 355pushl @@rd,addr set rd,rs tcc cc,rd 356pushl @@rd,addr(rs) setb @@rd,imm4 tccb cc,rbd 357pushl @@rd,rrs setb addr(rd),imm4 test @@rd 358res @@rd,imm4 setb addr,imm4 test addr 359res addr(rd),imm4 setb rbd,imm4 test addr(rd) 360res addr,imm4 setb rbd,rs test rd 361res rd,imm4 setflg imm4 testb @@rd 362res rd,rs sinb rbd,imm16 testb addr 363resb @@rd,imm4 sinb rd,imm16 testb addr(rd) 364resb addr(rd),imm4 sind @@rd,@@rs,ra testb rbd 365resb addr,imm4 sindb @@rd,@@rs,rba testl @@rd 366resb rbd,imm4 sinib @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr 367resb rbd,rs sinibr @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr(rd) 368resflg imm4 sla rd,imm8 testl rrd 369ret cc slab rbd,imm8 trdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 370rl rd,imm1or2 slal rrd,imm8 trdrb @@rd,@@rs,rba 371rlb rbd,imm1or2 sll rd,imm8 trib @@rd,@@rs,rbr 372rlc rd,imm1or2 sllb rbd,imm8 trirb @@rd,@@rs,rbr 373rlcb rbd,imm1or2 slll rrd,imm8 trtdrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 374rldb rbb,rba sout imm16,rs trtib @@ra,@@rb,rr 375rr rd,imm1or2 soutb imm16,rbs trtirb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 376rrb rbd,imm1or2 soutd @@rd,@@rs,ra trtrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 377rrc rd,imm1or2 soutdb @@rd,@@rs,rba tset @@rd 378rrcb rbd,imm1or2 soutib @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr 379rrdb rbb,rba soutibr @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr(rd) 380rsvd36 sra rd,imm8 tset rd 381rsvd38 srab rbd,imm8 tsetb @@rd 382rsvd78 sral rrd,imm8 tsetb addr 383rsvd7e srl rd,imm8 tsetb addr(rd) 384rsvd9d srlb rbd,imm8 tsetb rbd 385rsvd9f srll rrd,imm8 xor rd,@@rs 386rsvdb9 sub rd,@@rs xor rd,addr 387rsvdbf sub rd,addr xor rd,addr(rs) 388sbc rd,rs sub rd,addr(rs) xor rd,imm16 389sbcb rbd,rbs sub rd,imm16 xor rd,rs 390sc imm8 sub rd,rs xorb rbd,@@rs 391sda rd,rs subb rbd,@@rs xorb rbd,addr 392sdab rbd,rs subb rbd,addr xorb rbd,addr(rs) 393sdal rrd,rs subb rbd,addr(rs) xorb rbd,imm8 394sdl rd,rs subb rbd,imm8 xorb rbd,rbs 395sdlb rbd,rs subb rbd,rbs xorb rbd,rbs 396sdll rrd,rs subl rrd,@@rs 397set @@rd,imm4 subl rrd,addr 398set addr(rd),imm4 subl rrd,addr(rs) 399@end smallexample 400@iftex 401@endgroup 402@end iftex 403@end ifset 404 405