xref: /dragonfly/contrib/gcc-4.7/gcc/cp/name-lookup.c (revision 25a2db75)
1 /* Definitions for C++ name lookup routines.
2    Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
3    Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4    Contributed by Gabriel Dos Reis <gdr@integrable-solutions.net>
5 
6 This file is part of GCC.
7 
8 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
11 any later version.
12 
13 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
16 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
20 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
21 
22 #include "config.h"
23 #include "system.h"
24 #include "coretypes.h"
25 #include "tm.h"
26 #include "flags.h"
27 #include "tree.h"
28 #include "cp-tree.h"
29 #include "name-lookup.h"
30 #include "timevar.h"
31 #include "diagnostic-core.h"
32 #include "intl.h"
33 #include "debug.h"
34 #include "c-family/c-pragma.h"
35 #include "params.h"
36 #include "pointer-set.h"
37 
38 /* The bindings for a particular name in a particular scope.  */
39 
40 struct scope_binding {
41   tree value;
42   tree type;
43 };
44 #define EMPTY_SCOPE_BINDING { NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE }
45 
46 static cp_binding_level *innermost_nonclass_level (void);
47 static cxx_binding *binding_for_name (cp_binding_level *, tree);
48 static tree push_overloaded_decl (tree, int, bool);
49 static bool lookup_using_namespace (tree, struct scope_binding *, tree,
50 				    tree, int);
51 static bool qualified_lookup_using_namespace (tree, tree,
52 					      struct scope_binding *, int);
53 static tree lookup_type_current_level (tree);
54 static tree push_using_directive (tree);
55 static tree lookup_extern_c_fun_in_all_ns (tree);
56 static void diagnose_name_conflict (tree, tree);
57 
58 /* The :: namespace.  */
59 
60 tree global_namespace;
61 
62 /* The name of the anonymous namespace, throughout this translation
63    unit.  */
64 static GTY(()) tree anonymous_namespace_name;
65 
66 /* Initialize anonymous_namespace_name if necessary, and return it.  */
67 
68 static tree
69 get_anonymous_namespace_name (void)
70 {
71   if (!anonymous_namespace_name)
72     {
73       /* The anonymous namespace has to have a unique name
74 	 if typeinfo objects are being compared by name.  */
75       if (! flag_weak || ! SUPPORTS_ONE_ONLY)
76        anonymous_namespace_name = get_file_function_name ("N");
77       else
78        /* The demangler expects anonymous namespaces to be called
79           something starting with '_GLOBAL__N_'.  */
80        anonymous_namespace_name = get_identifier ("_GLOBAL__N_1");
81     }
82   return anonymous_namespace_name;
83 }
84 
85 /* Compute the chain index of a binding_entry given the HASH value of its
86    name and the total COUNT of chains.  COUNT is assumed to be a power
87    of 2.  */
88 
89 #define ENTRY_INDEX(HASH, COUNT) (((HASH) >> 3) & ((COUNT) - 1))
90 
91 /* A free list of "binding_entry"s awaiting for re-use.  */
92 
93 static GTY((deletable)) binding_entry free_binding_entry = NULL;
94 
95 /* Create a binding_entry object for (NAME, TYPE).  */
96 
97 static inline binding_entry
98 binding_entry_make (tree name, tree type)
99 {
100   binding_entry entry;
101 
102   if (free_binding_entry)
103     {
104       entry = free_binding_entry;
105       free_binding_entry = entry->chain;
106     }
107   else
108     entry = ggc_alloc_binding_entry_s ();
109 
110   entry->name = name;
111   entry->type = type;
112   entry->chain = NULL;
113 
114   return entry;
115 }
116 
117 /* Put ENTRY back on the free list.  */
118 #if 0
119 static inline void
120 binding_entry_free (binding_entry entry)
121 {
122   entry->name = NULL;
123   entry->type = NULL;
124   entry->chain = free_binding_entry;
125   free_binding_entry = entry;
126 }
127 #endif
128 
129 /* The datatype used to implement the mapping from names to types at
130    a given scope.  */
131 struct GTY(()) binding_table_s {
132   /* Array of chains of "binding_entry"s  */
133   binding_entry * GTY((length ("%h.chain_count"))) chain;
134 
135   /* The number of chains in this table.  This is the length of the
136      member "chain" considered as an array.  */
137   size_t chain_count;
138 
139   /* Number of "binding_entry"s in this table.  */
140   size_t entry_count;
141 };
142 
143 /* Construct TABLE with an initial CHAIN_COUNT.  */
144 
145 static inline void
146 binding_table_construct (binding_table table, size_t chain_count)
147 {
148   table->chain_count = chain_count;
149   table->entry_count = 0;
150   table->chain = ggc_alloc_cleared_vec_binding_entry (table->chain_count);
151 }
152 
153 /* Make TABLE's entries ready for reuse.  */
154 #if 0
155 static void
156 binding_table_free (binding_table table)
157 {
158   size_t i;
159   size_t count;
160 
161   if (table == NULL)
162     return;
163 
164   for (i = 0, count = table->chain_count; i < count; ++i)
165     {
166       binding_entry temp = table->chain[i];
167       while (temp != NULL)
168 	{
169 	  binding_entry entry = temp;
170 	  temp = entry->chain;
171 	  binding_entry_free (entry);
172 	}
173       table->chain[i] = NULL;
174     }
175   table->entry_count = 0;
176 }
177 #endif
178 
179 /* Allocate a table with CHAIN_COUNT, assumed to be a power of two.  */
180 
181 static inline binding_table
182 binding_table_new (size_t chain_count)
183 {
184   binding_table table = ggc_alloc_binding_table_s ();
185   table->chain = NULL;
186   binding_table_construct (table, chain_count);
187   return table;
188 }
189 
190 /* Expand TABLE to twice its current chain_count.  */
191 
192 static void
193 binding_table_expand (binding_table table)
194 {
195   const size_t old_chain_count = table->chain_count;
196   const size_t old_entry_count = table->entry_count;
197   const size_t new_chain_count = 2 * old_chain_count;
198   binding_entry *old_chains = table->chain;
199   size_t i;
200 
201   binding_table_construct (table, new_chain_count);
202   for (i = 0; i < old_chain_count; ++i)
203     {
204       binding_entry entry = old_chains[i];
205       for (; entry != NULL; entry = old_chains[i])
206 	{
207 	  const unsigned int hash = IDENTIFIER_HASH_VALUE (entry->name);
208 	  const size_t j = ENTRY_INDEX (hash, new_chain_count);
209 
210 	  old_chains[i] = entry->chain;
211 	  entry->chain = table->chain[j];
212 	  table->chain[j] = entry;
213 	}
214     }
215   table->entry_count = old_entry_count;
216 }
217 
218 /* Insert a binding for NAME to TYPE into TABLE.  */
219 
220 static void
221 binding_table_insert (binding_table table, tree name, tree type)
222 {
223   const unsigned int hash = IDENTIFIER_HASH_VALUE (name);
224   const size_t i = ENTRY_INDEX (hash, table->chain_count);
225   binding_entry entry = binding_entry_make (name, type);
226 
227   entry->chain = table->chain[i];
228   table->chain[i] = entry;
229   ++table->entry_count;
230 
231   if (3 * table->chain_count < 5 * table->entry_count)
232     binding_table_expand (table);
233 }
234 
235 /* Return the binding_entry, if any, that maps NAME.  */
236 
237 binding_entry
238 binding_table_find (binding_table table, tree name)
239 {
240   const unsigned int hash = IDENTIFIER_HASH_VALUE (name);
241   binding_entry entry = table->chain[ENTRY_INDEX (hash, table->chain_count)];
242 
243   while (entry != NULL && entry->name != name)
244     entry = entry->chain;
245 
246   return entry;
247 }
248 
249 /* Apply PROC -- with DATA -- to all entries in TABLE.  */
250 
251 void
252 binding_table_foreach (binding_table table, bt_foreach_proc proc, void *data)
253 {
254   const size_t chain_count = table->chain_count;
255   size_t i;
256 
257   for (i = 0; i < chain_count; ++i)
258     {
259       binding_entry entry = table->chain[i];
260       for (; entry != NULL; entry = entry->chain)
261 	proc (entry, data);
262     }
263 }
264 
265 #ifndef ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING
266 #  define ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING 0
267 #else
268 #  define ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING 1
269 #endif
270 
271 /* A free list of "cxx_binding"s, connected by their PREVIOUS.  */
272 
273 static GTY((deletable)) cxx_binding *free_bindings;
274 
275 /* Initialize VALUE and TYPE field for BINDING, and set the PREVIOUS
276    field to NULL.  */
277 
278 static inline void
279 cxx_binding_init (cxx_binding *binding, tree value, tree type)
280 {
281   binding->value = value;
282   binding->type = type;
283   binding->previous = NULL;
284 }
285 
286 /* (GC)-allocate a binding object with VALUE and TYPE member initialized.  */
287 
288 static cxx_binding *
289 cxx_binding_make (tree value, tree type)
290 {
291   cxx_binding *binding;
292   if (free_bindings)
293     {
294       binding = free_bindings;
295       free_bindings = binding->previous;
296     }
297   else
298     binding = ggc_alloc_cxx_binding ();
299 
300   cxx_binding_init (binding, value, type);
301 
302   return binding;
303 }
304 
305 /* Put BINDING back on the free list.  */
306 
307 static inline void
308 cxx_binding_free (cxx_binding *binding)
309 {
310   binding->scope = NULL;
311   binding->previous = free_bindings;
312   free_bindings = binding;
313 }
314 
315 /* Create a new binding for NAME (with the indicated VALUE and TYPE
316    bindings) in the class scope indicated by SCOPE.  */
317 
318 static cxx_binding *
319 new_class_binding (tree name, tree value, tree type, cp_binding_level *scope)
320 {
321   cp_class_binding *cb;
322   cxx_binding *binding;
323 
324     cb = VEC_safe_push (cp_class_binding, gc, scope->class_shadowed, NULL);
325 
326   cb->identifier = name;
327   cb->base = binding = cxx_binding_make (value, type);
328   binding->scope = scope;
329   return binding;
330 }
331 
332 /* Make DECL the innermost binding for ID.  The LEVEL is the binding
333    level at which this declaration is being bound.  */
334 
335 static void
336 push_binding (tree id, tree decl, cp_binding_level* level)
337 {
338   cxx_binding *binding;
339 
340   if (level != class_binding_level)
341     {
342       binding = cxx_binding_make (decl, NULL_TREE);
343       binding->scope = level;
344     }
345   else
346     binding = new_class_binding (id, decl, /*type=*/NULL_TREE, level);
347 
348   /* Now, fill in the binding information.  */
349   binding->previous = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id);
350   INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding) = 0;
351   LOCAL_BINDING_P (binding) = (level != class_binding_level);
352 
353   /* And put it on the front of the list of bindings for ID.  */
354   IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id) = binding;
355 }
356 
357 /* Remove the binding for DECL which should be the innermost binding
358    for ID.  */
359 
360 void
361 pop_binding (tree id, tree decl)
362 {
363   cxx_binding *binding;
364 
365   if (id == NULL_TREE)
366     /* It's easiest to write the loops that call this function without
367        checking whether or not the entities involved have names.  We
368        get here for such an entity.  */
369     return;
370 
371   /* Get the innermost binding for ID.  */
372   binding = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id);
373 
374   /* The name should be bound.  */
375   gcc_assert (binding != NULL);
376 
377   /* The DECL will be either the ordinary binding or the type
378      binding for this identifier.  Remove that binding.  */
379   if (binding->value == decl)
380     binding->value = NULL_TREE;
381   else
382     {
383       gcc_assert (binding->type == decl);
384       binding->type = NULL_TREE;
385     }
386 
387   if (!binding->value && !binding->type)
388     {
389       /* We're completely done with the innermost binding for this
390 	 identifier.  Unhook it from the list of bindings.  */
391       IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id) = binding->previous;
392 
393       /* Add it to the free list.  */
394       cxx_binding_free (binding);
395     }
396 }
397 
398 /* Strip non dependent using declarations.  */
399 
400 tree
401 strip_using_decl (tree decl)
402 {
403   if (decl == NULL_TREE)
404     return NULL_TREE;
405 
406   while (TREE_CODE (decl) == USING_DECL && !DECL_DEPENDENT_P (decl))
407     decl = USING_DECL_DECLS (decl);
408   return decl;
409 }
410 
411 /* BINDING records an existing declaration for a name in the current scope.
412    But, DECL is another declaration for that same identifier in the
413    same scope.  This is the `struct stat' hack whereby a non-typedef
414    class name or enum-name can be bound at the same level as some other
415    kind of entity.
416    3.3.7/1
417 
418      A class name (9.1) or enumeration name (7.2) can be hidden by the
419      name of an object, function, or enumerator declared in the same scope.
420      If a class or enumeration name and an object, function, or enumerator
421      are declared in the same scope (in any order) with the same name, the
422      class or enumeration name is hidden wherever the object, function, or
423      enumerator name is visible.
424 
425    It's the responsibility of the caller to check that
426    inserting this name is valid here.  Returns nonzero if the new binding
427    was successful.  */
428 
429 static bool
430 supplement_binding_1 (cxx_binding *binding, tree decl)
431 {
432   tree bval = binding->value;
433   bool ok = true;
434   tree target_bval = strip_using_decl (bval);
435   tree target_decl = strip_using_decl (decl);
436 
437   if (TREE_CODE (target_decl) == TYPE_DECL && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (target_decl)
438       && target_decl != target_bval
439       && (TREE_CODE (target_bval) != TYPE_DECL
440 	  /* We allow pushing an enum multiple times in a class
441 	     template in order to handle late matching of underlying
442 	     type on an opaque-enum-declaration followed by an
443 	     enum-specifier.  */
444 	  || (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (target_decl)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
445 	      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (target_bval)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
446 	      && (dependent_type_p (ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE
447 				    (TREE_TYPE (target_decl)))
448 		  || dependent_type_p (ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE
449 				       (TREE_TYPE (target_bval)))))))
450     /* The new name is the type name.  */
451     binding->type = decl;
452   else if (/* TARGET_BVAL is null when push_class_level_binding moves
453 	      an inherited type-binding out of the way to make room
454 	      for a new value binding.  */
455 	   !target_bval
456 	   /* TARGET_BVAL is error_mark_node when TARGET_DECL's name
457 	      has been used in a non-class scope prior declaration.
458 	      In that case, we should have already issued a
459 	      diagnostic; for graceful error recovery purpose, pretend
460 	      this was the intended declaration for that name.  */
461 	   || target_bval == error_mark_node
462 	   /* If TARGET_BVAL is anticipated but has not yet been
463 	      declared, pretend it is not there at all.  */
464 	   || (TREE_CODE (target_bval) == FUNCTION_DECL
465 	       && DECL_ANTICIPATED (target_bval)
466 	       && !DECL_HIDDEN_FRIEND_P (target_bval)))
467     binding->value = decl;
468   else if (TREE_CODE (target_bval) == TYPE_DECL
469 	   && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (target_bval)
470 	   && target_decl != target_bval
471 	   && (TREE_CODE (target_decl) != TYPE_DECL
472 	       || same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (target_decl),
473 			       TREE_TYPE (target_bval))))
474     {
475       /* The old binding was a type name.  It was placed in
476 	 VALUE field because it was thought, at the point it was
477 	 declared, to be the only entity with such a name.  Move the
478 	 type name into the type slot; it is now hidden by the new
479 	 binding.  */
480       binding->type = bval;
481       binding->value = decl;
482       binding->value_is_inherited = false;
483     }
484   else if (TREE_CODE (target_bval) == TYPE_DECL
485 	   && TREE_CODE (target_decl) == TYPE_DECL
486 	   && DECL_NAME (target_decl) == DECL_NAME (target_bval)
487 	   && binding->scope->kind != sk_class
488 	   && (same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (target_decl), TREE_TYPE (target_bval))
489 	       /* If either type involves template parameters, we must
490 		  wait until instantiation.  */
491 	       || uses_template_parms (TREE_TYPE (target_decl))
492 	       || uses_template_parms (TREE_TYPE (target_bval))))
493     /* We have two typedef-names, both naming the same type to have
494        the same name.  In general, this is OK because of:
495 
496 	 [dcl.typedef]
497 
498 	 In a given scope, a typedef specifier can be used to redefine
499 	 the name of any type declared in that scope to refer to the
500 	 type to which it already refers.
501 
502        However, in class scopes, this rule does not apply due to the
503        stricter language in [class.mem] prohibiting redeclarations of
504        members.  */
505     ok = false;
506   /* There can be two block-scope declarations of the same variable,
507      so long as they are `extern' declarations.  However, there cannot
508      be two declarations of the same static data member:
509 
510        [class.mem]
511 
512        A member shall not be declared twice in the
513        member-specification.  */
514   else if (TREE_CODE (target_decl) == VAR_DECL
515 	   && TREE_CODE (target_bval) == VAR_DECL
516 	   && DECL_EXTERNAL (target_decl) && DECL_EXTERNAL (target_bval)
517 	   && !DECL_CLASS_SCOPE_P (target_decl))
518     {
519       duplicate_decls (decl, binding->value, /*newdecl_is_friend=*/false);
520       ok = false;
521     }
522   else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == NAMESPACE_DECL
523 	   && TREE_CODE (bval) == NAMESPACE_DECL
524 	   && DECL_NAMESPACE_ALIAS (decl)
525 	   && DECL_NAMESPACE_ALIAS (bval)
526 	   && ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (bval) == ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (decl))
527     /* [namespace.alias]
528 
529       In a declarative region, a namespace-alias-definition can be
530       used to redefine a namespace-alias declared in that declarative
531       region to refer only to the namespace to which it already
532       refers.  */
533     ok = false;
534   else
535     {
536       diagnose_name_conflict (decl, bval);
537       ok = false;
538     }
539 
540   return ok;
541 }
542 
543 /* Diagnose a name conflict between DECL and BVAL.  */
544 
545 static void
546 diagnose_name_conflict (tree decl, tree bval)
547 {
548   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TREE_CODE (bval)
549       && (TREE_CODE (decl) != TYPE_DECL
550 	  || (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (bval))
551 	  || (!DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) && !DECL_ARTIFICIAL (bval)))
552       && !is_overloaded_fn (decl))
553     error ("redeclaration of %q#D", decl);
554   else
555     error ("%q#D conflicts with a previous declaration", decl);
556 
557   inform (input_location, "previous declaration %q+#D", bval);
558 }
559 
560 /* Wrapper for supplement_binding_1.  */
561 
562 static bool
563 supplement_binding (cxx_binding *binding, tree decl)
564 {
565   bool ret;
566   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
567   ret = supplement_binding_1 (binding, decl);
568   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
569   return ret;
570 }
571 
572 /* Add DECL to the list of things declared in B.  */
573 
574 static void
575 add_decl_to_level (tree decl, cp_binding_level *b)
576 {
577   /* We used to record virtual tables as if they were ordinary
578      variables, but no longer do so.  */
579   gcc_assert (!(TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && DECL_VIRTUAL_P (decl)));
580 
581   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == NAMESPACE_DECL
582       && !DECL_NAMESPACE_ALIAS (decl))
583     {
584       DECL_CHAIN (decl) = b->namespaces;
585       b->namespaces = decl;
586     }
587   else
588     {
589       /* We build up the list in reverse order, and reverse it later if
590 	 necessary.  */
591       TREE_CHAIN (decl) = b->names;
592       b->names = decl;
593 
594       /* If appropriate, add decl to separate list of statics.  We
595 	 include extern variables because they might turn out to be
596 	 static later.  It's OK for this list to contain a few false
597 	 positives.  */
598       if (b->kind == sk_namespace)
599 	if ((TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
600 	     && (TREE_STATIC (decl) || DECL_EXTERNAL (decl)))
601 	    || (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
602 		&& (!TREE_PUBLIC (decl) || DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (decl))))
603 	  VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, b->static_decls, decl);
604     }
605 }
606 
607 /* Record a decl-node X as belonging to the current lexical scope.
608    Check for errors (such as an incompatible declaration for the same
609    name already seen in the same scope).  IS_FRIEND is true if X is
610    declared as a friend.
611 
612    Returns either X or an old decl for the same name.
613    If an old decl is returned, it may have been smashed
614    to agree with what X says.  */
615 
616 static tree
617 pushdecl_maybe_friend_1 (tree x, bool is_friend)
618 {
619   tree t;
620   tree name;
621   int need_new_binding;
622 
623   if (x == error_mark_node)
624     return error_mark_node;
625 
626   need_new_binding = 1;
627 
628   if (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (x))
629     /* Template parameters have no context; they are not X::T even
630        when declared within a class or namespace.  */
631     ;
632   else
633     {
634       if (current_function_decl && x != current_function_decl
635 	  /* A local declaration for a function doesn't constitute
636 	     nesting.  */
637 	  && TREE_CODE (x) != FUNCTION_DECL
638 	  /* A local declaration for an `extern' variable is in the
639 	     scope of the current namespace, not the current
640 	     function.  */
641 	  && !(TREE_CODE (x) == VAR_DECL && DECL_EXTERNAL (x))
642 	  /* When parsing the parameter list of a function declarator,
643 	     don't set DECL_CONTEXT to an enclosing function.  When we
644 	     push the PARM_DECLs in order to process the function body,
645 	     current_binding_level->this_entity will be set.  */
646 	  && !(TREE_CODE (x) == PARM_DECL
647 	       && current_binding_level->kind == sk_function_parms
648 	       && current_binding_level->this_entity == NULL)
649 	  && !DECL_CONTEXT (x))
650 	DECL_CONTEXT (x) = current_function_decl;
651 
652       /* If this is the declaration for a namespace-scope function,
653 	 but the declaration itself is in a local scope, mark the
654 	 declaration.  */
655       if (TREE_CODE (x) == FUNCTION_DECL
656 	  && DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (x)
657 	  && current_function_decl
658 	  && x != current_function_decl)
659 	DECL_LOCAL_FUNCTION_P (x) = 1;
660     }
661 
662   name = DECL_NAME (x);
663   if (name)
664     {
665       int different_binding_level = 0;
666 
667       if (TREE_CODE (name) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
668 	name = TREE_OPERAND (name, 0);
669 
670       /* In case this decl was explicitly namespace-qualified, look it
671 	 up in its namespace context.  */
672       if (DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (x) && namespace_bindings_p ())
673 	t = namespace_binding (name, DECL_CONTEXT (x));
674       else
675 	t = lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level (name);
676 
677       /* [basic.link] If there is a visible declaration of an entity
678 	 with linkage having the same name and type, ignoring entities
679 	 declared outside the innermost enclosing namespace scope, the
680 	 block scope declaration declares that same entity and
681 	 receives the linkage of the previous declaration.  */
682       if (! t && current_function_decl && x != current_function_decl
683 	  && (TREE_CODE (x) == FUNCTION_DECL || TREE_CODE (x) == VAR_DECL)
684 	  && DECL_EXTERNAL (x))
685 	{
686 	  /* Look in block scope.  */
687 	  t = innermost_non_namespace_value (name);
688 	  /* Or in the innermost namespace.  */
689 	  if (! t)
690 	    t = namespace_binding (name, DECL_CONTEXT (x));
691 	  /* Does it have linkage?  Note that if this isn't a DECL, it's an
692 	     OVERLOAD, which is OK.  */
693 	  if (t && DECL_P (t) && ! (TREE_STATIC (t) || DECL_EXTERNAL (t)))
694 	    t = NULL_TREE;
695 	  if (t)
696 	    different_binding_level = 1;
697 	}
698 
699       /* If we are declaring a function, and the result of name-lookup
700 	 was an OVERLOAD, look for an overloaded instance that is
701 	 actually the same as the function we are declaring.  (If
702 	 there is one, we have to merge our declaration with the
703 	 previous declaration.)  */
704       if (t && TREE_CODE (t) == OVERLOAD)
705 	{
706 	  tree match;
707 
708 	  if (TREE_CODE (x) == FUNCTION_DECL)
709 	    for (match = t; match; match = OVL_NEXT (match))
710 	      {
711 		if (decls_match (OVL_CURRENT (match), x))
712 		  break;
713 	      }
714 	  else
715 	    /* Just choose one.  */
716 	    match = t;
717 
718 	  if (match)
719 	    t = OVL_CURRENT (match);
720 	  else
721 	    t = NULL_TREE;
722 	}
723 
724       if (t && t != error_mark_node)
725 	{
726 	  if (different_binding_level)
727 	    {
728 	      if (decls_match (x, t))
729 		/* The standard only says that the local extern
730 		   inherits linkage from the previous decl; in
731 		   particular, default args are not shared.  Add
732 		   the decl into a hash table to make sure only
733 		   the previous decl in this case is seen by the
734 		   middle end.  */
735 		{
736 		  struct cxx_int_tree_map *h;
737 		  void **loc;
738 
739 		  TREE_PUBLIC (x) = TREE_PUBLIC (t);
740 
741 		  if (cp_function_chain->extern_decl_map == NULL)
742 		    cp_function_chain->extern_decl_map
743 		      = htab_create_ggc (20, cxx_int_tree_map_hash,
744 					 cxx_int_tree_map_eq, NULL);
745 
746 		  h = ggc_alloc_cxx_int_tree_map ();
747 		  h->uid = DECL_UID (x);
748 		  h->to = t;
749 		  loc = htab_find_slot_with_hash
750 			  (cp_function_chain->extern_decl_map, h,
751 			   h->uid, INSERT);
752 		  *(struct cxx_int_tree_map **) loc = h;
753 		}
754 	    }
755 	  else if (TREE_CODE (t) == PARM_DECL)
756 	    {
757 	      /* Check for duplicate params.  */
758 	      tree d = duplicate_decls (x, t, is_friend);
759 	      if (d)
760 		return d;
761 	    }
762 	  else if ((DECL_EXTERN_C_FUNCTION_P (x)
763 		    || DECL_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_P (x))
764 		   && is_overloaded_fn (t))
765 	    /* Don't do anything just yet.  */;
766 	  else if (t == wchar_decl_node)
767 	    {
768 	      if (! DECL_IN_SYSTEM_HEADER (x))
769 		pedwarn (input_location, OPT_pedantic, "redeclaration of %<wchar_t%> as %qT",
770 			 TREE_TYPE (x));
771 
772 	      /* Throw away the redeclaration.  */
773 	      return t;
774 	    }
775 	  else
776 	    {
777 	      tree olddecl = duplicate_decls (x, t, is_friend);
778 
779 	      /* If the redeclaration failed, we can stop at this
780 		 point.  */
781 	      if (olddecl == error_mark_node)
782 		return error_mark_node;
783 
784 	      if (olddecl)
785 		{
786 		  if (TREE_CODE (t) == TYPE_DECL)
787 		    SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (name, TREE_TYPE (t));
788 
789 		  return t;
790 		}
791 	      else if (DECL_MAIN_P (x) && TREE_CODE (t) == FUNCTION_DECL)
792 		{
793 		  /* A redeclaration of main, but not a duplicate of the
794 		     previous one.
795 
796 		     [basic.start.main]
797 
798 		     This function shall not be overloaded.  */
799 		  error ("invalid redeclaration of %q+D", t);
800 		  error ("as %qD", x);
801 		  /* We don't try to push this declaration since that
802 		     causes a crash.  */
803 		  return x;
804 		}
805 	    }
806 	}
807 
808       /* If x has C linkage-specification, (extern "C"),
809 	 lookup its binding, in case it's already bound to an object.
810 	 The lookup is done in all namespaces.
811 	 If we find an existing binding, make sure it has the same
812 	 exception specification as x, otherwise, bail in error [7.5, 7.6].  */
813       if ((TREE_CODE (x) == FUNCTION_DECL)
814 	  && DECL_EXTERN_C_P (x)
815           /* We should ignore declarations happening in system headers.  */
816 	  && !DECL_ARTIFICIAL (x)
817 	  && !DECL_IN_SYSTEM_HEADER (x))
818 	{
819 	  tree previous = lookup_extern_c_fun_in_all_ns (x);
820 	  if (previous
821 	      && !DECL_ARTIFICIAL (previous)
822               && !DECL_IN_SYSTEM_HEADER (previous)
823 	      && DECL_CONTEXT (previous) != DECL_CONTEXT (x))
824 	    {
825 	      /* In case either x or previous is declared to throw an exception,
826 	         make sure both exception specifications are equal.  */
827 	      if (decls_match (x, previous))
828 		{
829 		  tree x_exception_spec = NULL_TREE;
830 		  tree previous_exception_spec = NULL_TREE;
831 
832 		  x_exception_spec =
833 				TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (TREE_TYPE (x));
834 		  previous_exception_spec =
835 				TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (TREE_TYPE (previous));
836 		  if (!comp_except_specs (previous_exception_spec,
837 					  x_exception_spec,
838 					  ce_normal))
839 		    {
840 		      pedwarn (input_location, 0,
841                                "declaration of %q#D with C language linkage",
842 			       x);
843 		      pedwarn (input_location, 0,
844                                "conflicts with previous declaration %q+#D",
845 			       previous);
846 		      pedwarn (input_location, 0,
847                                "due to different exception specifications");
848 		      return error_mark_node;
849 		    }
850 		  if (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME_SET_P (previous))
851 		    SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (x,
852 					     DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (previous));
853 		}
854 	      else
855 		{
856 		  pedwarn (input_location, 0,
857 			   "declaration of %q#D with C language linkage", x);
858 		  pedwarn (input_location, 0,
859 			   "conflicts with previous declaration %q+#D",
860 			   previous);
861 		}
862 	    }
863 	}
864 
865       check_template_shadow (x);
866 
867       /* If this is a function conjured up by the back end, massage it
868 	 so it looks friendly.  */
869       if (DECL_NON_THUNK_FUNCTION_P (x) && ! DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (x))
870 	{
871 	  retrofit_lang_decl (x);
872 	  SET_DECL_LANGUAGE (x, lang_c);
873 	}
874 
875       t = x;
876       if (DECL_NON_THUNK_FUNCTION_P (x) && ! DECL_FUNCTION_MEMBER_P (x))
877 	{
878 	  t = push_overloaded_decl (x, PUSH_LOCAL, is_friend);
879 	  if (!namespace_bindings_p ())
880 	    /* We do not need to create a binding for this name;
881 	       push_overloaded_decl will have already done so if
882 	       necessary.  */
883 	    need_new_binding = 0;
884 	}
885       else if (DECL_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_P (x) && DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (x))
886 	{
887 	  t = push_overloaded_decl (x, PUSH_GLOBAL, is_friend);
888 	  if (t == x)
889 	    add_decl_to_level (x, NAMESPACE_LEVEL (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (t)));
890 	}
891 
892       if (TREE_CODE (t) == FUNCTION_DECL || DECL_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_P (t))
893 	check_default_args (t);
894 
895       if (t != x || DECL_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_P (t))
896 	return t;
897 
898       /* If declaring a type as a typedef, copy the type (unless we're
899 	 at line 0), and install this TYPE_DECL as the new type's typedef
900 	 name.  See the extensive comment of set_underlying_type ().  */
901       if (TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL)
902 	{
903 	  tree type = TREE_TYPE (x);
904 
905 	  if (DECL_IS_BUILTIN (x)
906 	      || (TREE_TYPE (x) != error_mark_node
907 		  && TYPE_NAME (type) != x
908 		  /* We don't want to copy the type when all we're
909 		     doing is making a TYPE_DECL for the purposes of
910 		     inlining.  */
911 		  && (!TYPE_NAME (type)
912 		      || TYPE_NAME (type) != DECL_ABSTRACT_ORIGIN (x))))
913 	    set_underlying_type (x);
914 
915 	  if (type != error_mark_node
916 	      && TYPE_NAME (type)
917 	      && TYPE_IDENTIFIER (type))
918 	    set_identifier_type_value (DECL_NAME (x), x);
919 
920 	  /* If this is a locally defined typedef in a function that
921 	     is not a template instantation, record it to implement
922 	     -Wunused-local-typedefs.  */
923 	  if (current_instantiation () == NULL
924 	      || (current_instantiation ()->decl != current_function_decl))
925 	  record_locally_defined_typedef (x);
926 	}
927 
928       /* Multiple external decls of the same identifier ought to match.
929 
930 	 We get warnings about inline functions where they are defined.
931 	 We get warnings about other functions from push_overloaded_decl.
932 
933 	 Avoid duplicate warnings where they are used.  */
934       if (TREE_PUBLIC (x) && TREE_CODE (x) != FUNCTION_DECL)
935 	{
936 	  tree decl;
937 
938 	  decl = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (name);
939 	  if (decl && TREE_CODE (decl) == OVERLOAD)
940 	    decl = OVL_FUNCTION (decl);
941 
942 	  if (decl && decl != error_mark_node
943 	      && (DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) || TREE_PUBLIC (decl))
944 	      /* If different sort of thing, we already gave an error.  */
945 	      && TREE_CODE (decl) == TREE_CODE (x)
946 	      && !same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (x), TREE_TYPE (decl)))
947 	    {
948 	      permerror (input_location, "type mismatch with previous external decl of %q#D", x);
949 	      permerror (input_location, "previous external decl of %q+#D", decl);
950 	    }
951 	}
952 
953       if (TREE_CODE (x) == FUNCTION_DECL
954 	  && is_friend
955 	  && !flag_friend_injection)
956 	{
957 	  /* This is a new declaration of a friend function, so hide
958 	     it from ordinary function lookup.  */
959 	  DECL_ANTICIPATED (x) = 1;
960 	  DECL_HIDDEN_FRIEND_P (x) = 1;
961 	}
962 
963       /* This name is new in its binding level.
964 	 Install the new declaration and return it.  */
965       if (namespace_bindings_p ())
966 	{
967 	  /* Install a global value.  */
968 
969 	  /* If the first global decl has external linkage,
970 	     warn if we later see static one.  */
971 	  if (IDENTIFIER_GLOBAL_VALUE (name) == NULL_TREE && TREE_PUBLIC (x))
972 	    TREE_PUBLIC (name) = 1;
973 
974 	  /* Bind the name for the entity.  */
975 	  if (!(TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (x)
976 		&& t != NULL_TREE)
977 	      && (TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL
978 		  || TREE_CODE (x) == VAR_DECL
979 		  || TREE_CODE (x) == NAMESPACE_DECL
980 		  || TREE_CODE (x) == CONST_DECL
981 		  || TREE_CODE (x) == TEMPLATE_DECL))
982 	    SET_IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (name, x);
983 
984 	  /* If new decl is `static' and an `extern' was seen previously,
985 	     warn about it.  */
986 	  if (x != NULL_TREE && t != NULL_TREE && decls_match (x, t))
987 	    warn_extern_redeclared_static (x, t);
988 	}
989       else
990 	{
991 	  /* Here to install a non-global value.  */
992 	  tree oldglobal = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (name);
993 	  tree oldlocal = NULL_TREE;
994 	  cp_binding_level *oldscope = NULL;
995 	  cxx_binding *oldbinding = outer_binding (name, NULL, true);
996 	  if (oldbinding)
997 	    {
998 	      oldlocal = oldbinding->value;
999 	      oldscope = oldbinding->scope;
1000 	    }
1001 
1002 	  if (need_new_binding)
1003 	    {
1004 	      push_local_binding (name, x, 0);
1005 	      /* Because push_local_binding will hook X on to the
1006 		 current_binding_level's name list, we don't want to
1007 		 do that again below.  */
1008 	      need_new_binding = 0;
1009 	    }
1010 
1011 	  /* If this is a TYPE_DECL, push it into the type value slot.  */
1012 	  if (TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL)
1013 	    set_identifier_type_value (name, x);
1014 
1015 	  /* Clear out any TYPE_DECL shadowed by a namespace so that
1016 	     we won't think this is a type.  The C struct hack doesn't
1017 	     go through namespaces.  */
1018 	  if (TREE_CODE (x) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
1019 	    set_identifier_type_value (name, NULL_TREE);
1020 
1021 	  if (oldlocal)
1022 	    {
1023 	      tree d = oldlocal;
1024 
1025 	      while (oldlocal
1026 		     && TREE_CODE (oldlocal) == VAR_DECL
1027 		     && DECL_DEAD_FOR_LOCAL (oldlocal))
1028 		oldlocal = DECL_SHADOWED_FOR_VAR (oldlocal);
1029 
1030 	      if (oldlocal == NULL_TREE)
1031 		oldlocal = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (DECL_NAME (d));
1032 	    }
1033 
1034 	  /* If this is an extern function declaration, see if we
1035 	     have a global definition or declaration for the function.  */
1036 	  if (oldlocal == NULL_TREE
1037 	      && DECL_EXTERNAL (x)
1038 	      && oldglobal != NULL_TREE
1039 	      && TREE_CODE (x) == FUNCTION_DECL
1040 	      && TREE_CODE (oldglobal) == FUNCTION_DECL)
1041 	    {
1042 	      /* We have one.  Their types must agree.  */
1043 	      if (decls_match (x, oldglobal))
1044 		/* OK */;
1045 	      else
1046 		{
1047 		  warning (0, "extern declaration of %q#D doesn%'t match", x);
1048 		  warning (0, "global declaration %q+#D", oldglobal);
1049 		}
1050 	    }
1051 	  /* If we have a local external declaration,
1052 	     and no file-scope declaration has yet been seen,
1053 	     then if we later have a file-scope decl it must not be static.  */
1054 	  if (oldlocal == NULL_TREE
1055 	      && oldglobal == NULL_TREE
1056 	      && DECL_EXTERNAL (x)
1057 	      && TREE_PUBLIC (x))
1058 	    TREE_PUBLIC (name) = 1;
1059 
1060 	  /* Don't complain about the parms we push and then pop
1061 	     while tentatively parsing a function declarator.  */
1062 	  if (TREE_CODE (x) == PARM_DECL && DECL_CONTEXT (x) == NULL_TREE)
1063 	    /* Ignore.  */;
1064 
1065 	  /* Warn if shadowing an argument at the top level of the body.  */
1066 	  else if (oldlocal != NULL_TREE && !DECL_EXTERNAL (x)
1067 		   /* Inline decls shadow nothing.  */
1068 		   && !DECL_FROM_INLINE (x)
1069 		   && (TREE_CODE (oldlocal) == PARM_DECL
1070 		       || TREE_CODE (oldlocal) == VAR_DECL
1071                        /* If the old decl is a type decl, only warn if the
1072                           old decl is an explicit typedef or if both the old
1073                           and new decls are type decls.  */
1074                        || (TREE_CODE (oldlocal) == TYPE_DECL
1075                            && (!DECL_ARTIFICIAL (oldlocal)
1076                                || TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL)))
1077                    /* Don't check for internally generated vars unless
1078                       it's an implicit typedef (see create_implicit_typedef
1079                       in decl.c).  */
1080 		   && (!DECL_ARTIFICIAL (x) || DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (x)))
1081 	    {
1082 	      bool nowarn = false;
1083 
1084 	      /* Don't complain if it's from an enclosing function.  */
1085 	      if (DECL_CONTEXT (oldlocal) == current_function_decl
1086 		  && TREE_CODE (x) != PARM_DECL
1087 		  && TREE_CODE (oldlocal) == PARM_DECL)
1088 		{
1089 		  /* Go to where the parms should be and see if we find
1090 		     them there.  */
1091 		  cp_binding_level *b = current_binding_level->level_chain;
1092 
1093 		  if (FUNCTION_NEEDS_BODY_BLOCK (current_function_decl))
1094 		    /* Skip the ctor/dtor cleanup level.  */
1095 		    b = b->level_chain;
1096 
1097 		  /* ARM $8.3 */
1098 		  if (b->kind == sk_function_parms)
1099 		    {
1100 		      error ("declaration of %q#D shadows a parameter", x);
1101 		      nowarn = true;
1102 		    }
1103 		}
1104 
1105 	      /* The local structure or class can't use parameters of
1106 		 the containing function anyway.  */
1107 	      if (DECL_CONTEXT (oldlocal) != current_function_decl)
1108 		{
1109 		  cp_binding_level *scope = current_binding_level;
1110 		  tree context = DECL_CONTEXT (oldlocal);
1111 		  for (; scope; scope = scope->level_chain)
1112 		   {
1113 		     if (scope->kind == sk_function_parms
1114 			 && scope->this_entity == context)
1115 		      break;
1116 		     if (scope->kind == sk_class
1117 			 && !LAMBDA_TYPE_P (scope->this_entity))
1118 		       {
1119 			 nowarn = true;
1120 			 break;
1121 		       }
1122 		   }
1123 		}
1124 	      /* Error if redeclaring a local declared in a
1125 		 for-init-statement or in the condition of an if or
1126 		 switch statement when the new declaration is in the
1127 		 outermost block of the controlled statement.
1128 		 Redeclaring a variable from a for or while condition is
1129 		 detected elsewhere.  */
1130 	      else if (TREE_CODE (oldlocal) == VAR_DECL
1131 		       && oldscope == current_binding_level->level_chain
1132 		       && (oldscope->kind == sk_cond
1133 			   || oldscope->kind == sk_for))
1134 		{
1135 		  error ("redeclaration of %q#D", x);
1136 		  error ("%q+#D previously declared here", oldlocal);
1137 		}
1138 
1139 	      if (warn_shadow && !nowarn)
1140 		{
1141 		  if (TREE_CODE (oldlocal) == PARM_DECL)
1142 		    warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wshadow,
1143 				"declaration of %q#D shadows a parameter", x);
1144 		  else if (is_capture_proxy (oldlocal))
1145 		    warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wshadow,
1146 				"declaration of %qD shadows a lambda capture",
1147 				x);
1148 		  else
1149 		    warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wshadow,
1150 				"declaration of %qD shadows a previous local",
1151 				x);
1152 		   warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (oldlocal), OPT_Wshadow,
1153 			       "shadowed declaration is here");
1154 		}
1155 	    }
1156 
1157 	  /* Maybe warn if shadowing something else.  */
1158 	  else if (warn_shadow && !DECL_EXTERNAL (x)
1159                    /* No shadow warnings for internally generated vars unless
1160                       it's an implicit typedef (see create_implicit_typedef
1161                       in decl.c).  */
1162                    && (! DECL_ARTIFICIAL (x) || DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (x))
1163                    /* No shadow warnings for vars made for inlining.  */
1164                    && ! DECL_FROM_INLINE (x))
1165 	    {
1166 	      tree member;
1167 
1168 	      if (current_class_ptr)
1169 		member = lookup_member (current_class_type,
1170 					name,
1171 					/*protect=*/0,
1172 					/*want_type=*/false,
1173 					tf_warning_or_error);
1174 	      else
1175 		member = NULL_TREE;
1176 
1177 	      if (member && !TREE_STATIC (member))
1178 		{
1179 		  /* Location of previous decl is not useful in this case.  */
1180 		  warning (OPT_Wshadow, "declaration of %qD shadows a member of 'this'",
1181 			   x);
1182 		}
1183 	      else if (oldglobal != NULL_TREE
1184 		       && (TREE_CODE (oldglobal) == VAR_DECL
1185                            /* If the old decl is a type decl, only warn if the
1186                               old decl is an explicit typedef or if both the
1187                               old and new decls are type decls.  */
1188                            || (TREE_CODE (oldglobal) == TYPE_DECL
1189                                && (!DECL_ARTIFICIAL (oldglobal)
1190                                    || TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL))))
1191 		/* XXX shadow warnings in outer-more namespaces */
1192 		{
1193 		  warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wshadow,
1194 			      "declaration of %qD shadows a global declaration", x);
1195 		  warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (oldglobal), OPT_Wshadow,
1196 			      "shadowed declaration is here");
1197 		}
1198 	    }
1199 	}
1200 
1201       if (TREE_CODE (x) == VAR_DECL)
1202 	maybe_register_incomplete_var (x);
1203     }
1204 
1205   if (need_new_binding)
1206     add_decl_to_level (x,
1207 		       DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (x)
1208 		       ? NAMESPACE_LEVEL (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (x))
1209 		       : current_binding_level);
1210 
1211   return x;
1212 }
1213 
1214 /* Wrapper for pushdecl_maybe_friend_1.  */
1215 
1216 tree
1217 pushdecl_maybe_friend (tree x, bool is_friend)
1218 {
1219   tree ret;
1220   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
1221   ret = pushdecl_maybe_friend_1 (x, is_friend);
1222   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
1223   return ret;
1224 }
1225 
1226 /* Record a decl-node X as belonging to the current lexical scope.  */
1227 
1228 tree
1229 pushdecl (tree x)
1230 {
1231   return pushdecl_maybe_friend (x, false);
1232 }
1233 
1234 /* Enter DECL into the symbol table, if that's appropriate.  Returns
1235    DECL, or a modified version thereof.  */
1236 
1237 tree
1238 maybe_push_decl (tree decl)
1239 {
1240   tree type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
1241 
1242   /* Add this decl to the current binding level, but not if it comes
1243      from another scope, e.g. a static member variable.  TEM may equal
1244      DECL or it may be a previous decl of the same name.  */
1245   if (decl == error_mark_node
1246       || (TREE_CODE (decl) != PARM_DECL
1247 	  && DECL_CONTEXT (decl) != NULL_TREE
1248 	  /* Definitions of namespace members outside their namespace are
1249 	     possible.  */
1250 	  && !DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (decl))
1251       || (TREE_CODE (decl) == TEMPLATE_DECL && !namespace_bindings_p ())
1252       || type == unknown_type_node
1253       /* The declaration of a template specialization does not affect
1254 	 the functions available for overload resolution, so we do not
1255 	 call pushdecl.  */
1256       || (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
1257 	  && DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl)))
1258     return decl;
1259   else
1260     return pushdecl (decl);
1261 }
1262 
1263 /* Bind DECL to ID in the current_binding_level, assumed to be a local
1264    binding level.  If PUSH_USING is set in FLAGS, we know that DECL
1265    doesn't really belong to this binding level, that it got here
1266    through a using-declaration.  */
1267 
1268 void
1269 push_local_binding (tree id, tree decl, int flags)
1270 {
1271   cp_binding_level *b;
1272 
1273   /* Skip over any local classes.  This makes sense if we call
1274      push_local_binding with a friend decl of a local class.  */
1275   b = innermost_nonclass_level ();
1276 
1277   if (lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level (id))
1278     {
1279       /* Supplement the existing binding.  */
1280       if (!supplement_binding (IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id), decl))
1281 	/* It didn't work.  Something else must be bound at this
1282 	   level.  Do not add DECL to the list of things to pop
1283 	   later.  */
1284 	return;
1285     }
1286   else
1287     /* Create a new binding.  */
1288     push_binding (id, decl, b);
1289 
1290   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == OVERLOAD || (flags & PUSH_USING))
1291     /* We must put the OVERLOAD into a TREE_LIST since the
1292        TREE_CHAIN of an OVERLOAD is already used.  Similarly for
1293        decls that got here through a using-declaration.  */
1294     decl = build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, decl);
1295 
1296   /* And put DECL on the list of things declared by the current
1297      binding level.  */
1298   add_decl_to_level (decl, b);
1299 }
1300 
1301 /* Check to see whether or not DECL is a variable that would have been
1302    in scope under the ARM, but is not in scope under the ANSI/ISO
1303    standard.  If so, issue an error message.  If name lookup would
1304    work in both cases, but return a different result, this function
1305    returns the result of ANSI/ISO lookup.  Otherwise, it returns
1306    DECL.  */
1307 
1308 tree
1309 check_for_out_of_scope_variable (tree decl)
1310 {
1311   tree shadowed;
1312 
1313   /* We only care about out of scope variables.  */
1314   if (!(TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && DECL_DEAD_FOR_LOCAL (decl)))
1315     return decl;
1316 
1317   shadowed = DECL_HAS_SHADOWED_FOR_VAR_P (decl)
1318     ? DECL_SHADOWED_FOR_VAR (decl) : NULL_TREE ;
1319   while (shadowed != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (shadowed) == VAR_DECL
1320 	 && DECL_DEAD_FOR_LOCAL (shadowed))
1321     shadowed = DECL_HAS_SHADOWED_FOR_VAR_P (shadowed)
1322       ? DECL_SHADOWED_FOR_VAR (shadowed) : NULL_TREE;
1323   if (!shadowed)
1324     shadowed = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (DECL_NAME (decl));
1325   if (shadowed)
1326     {
1327       if (!DECL_ERROR_REPORTED (decl))
1328 	{
1329 	  warning (0, "name lookup of %qD changed", DECL_NAME (decl));
1330 	  warning (0, "  matches this %q+D under ISO standard rules",
1331 		   shadowed);
1332 	  warning (0, "  matches this %q+D under old rules", decl);
1333 	  DECL_ERROR_REPORTED (decl) = 1;
1334 	}
1335       return shadowed;
1336     }
1337 
1338   /* If we have already complained about this declaration, there's no
1339      need to do it again.  */
1340   if (DECL_ERROR_REPORTED (decl))
1341     return decl;
1342 
1343   DECL_ERROR_REPORTED (decl) = 1;
1344 
1345   if (TREE_TYPE (decl) == error_mark_node)
1346     return decl;
1347 
1348   if (TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
1349     {
1350       error ("name lookup of %qD changed for ISO %<for%> scoping",
1351 	     DECL_NAME (decl));
1352       error ("  cannot use obsolete binding at %q+D because "
1353 	     "it has a destructor", decl);
1354       return error_mark_node;
1355     }
1356   else
1357     {
1358       permerror (input_location, "name lookup of %qD changed for ISO %<for%> scoping",
1359 	         DECL_NAME (decl));
1360       if (flag_permissive)
1361         permerror (input_location, "  using obsolete binding at %q+D", decl);
1362       else
1363 	{
1364 	  static bool hint;
1365 	  if (!hint)
1366 	    {
1367 	      inform (input_location, "(if you use %<-fpermissive%> G++ will accept your code)");
1368 	      hint = true;
1369 	    }
1370 	}
1371     }
1372 
1373   return decl;
1374 }
1375 
1376 /* true means unconditionally make a BLOCK for the next level pushed.  */
1377 
1378 static bool keep_next_level_flag;
1379 
1380 static int binding_depth = 0;
1381 
1382 static void
1383 indent (int depth)
1384 {
1385   int i;
1386 
1387   for (i = 0; i < depth * 2; i++)
1388     putc (' ', stderr);
1389 }
1390 
1391 /* Return a string describing the kind of SCOPE we have.  */
1392 static const char *
1393 cp_binding_level_descriptor (cp_binding_level *scope)
1394 {
1395   /* The order of this table must match the "scope_kind"
1396      enumerators.  */
1397   static const char* scope_kind_names[] = {
1398     "block-scope",
1399     "cleanup-scope",
1400     "try-scope",
1401     "catch-scope",
1402     "for-scope",
1403     "function-parameter-scope",
1404     "class-scope",
1405     "namespace-scope",
1406     "template-parameter-scope",
1407     "template-explicit-spec-scope"
1408   };
1409   const scope_kind kind = scope->explicit_spec_p
1410     ? sk_template_spec : scope->kind;
1411 
1412   return scope_kind_names[kind];
1413 }
1414 
1415 /* Output a debugging information about SCOPE when performing
1416    ACTION at LINE.  */
1417 static void
1418 cp_binding_level_debug (cp_binding_level *scope, int line, const char *action)
1419 {
1420   const char *desc = cp_binding_level_descriptor (scope);
1421   if (scope->this_entity)
1422     verbatim ("%s %s(%E) %p %d\n", action, desc,
1423 	      scope->this_entity, (void *) scope, line);
1424   else
1425     verbatim ("%s %s %p %d\n", action, desc, (void *) scope, line);
1426 }
1427 
1428 /* Return the estimated initial size of the hashtable of a NAMESPACE
1429    scope.  */
1430 
1431 static inline size_t
1432 namespace_scope_ht_size (tree ns)
1433 {
1434   tree name = DECL_NAME (ns);
1435 
1436   return name == std_identifier
1437     ? NAMESPACE_STD_HT_SIZE
1438     : (name == global_scope_name
1439        ? GLOBAL_SCOPE_HT_SIZE
1440        : NAMESPACE_ORDINARY_HT_SIZE);
1441 }
1442 
1443 /* A chain of binding_level structures awaiting reuse.  */
1444 
1445 static GTY((deletable)) cp_binding_level *free_binding_level;
1446 
1447 /* Insert SCOPE as the innermost binding level.  */
1448 
1449 void
1450 push_binding_level (cp_binding_level *scope)
1451 {
1452   /* Add it to the front of currently active scopes stack.  */
1453   scope->level_chain = current_binding_level;
1454   current_binding_level = scope;
1455   keep_next_level_flag = false;
1456 
1457   if (ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING)
1458     {
1459       scope->binding_depth = binding_depth;
1460       indent (binding_depth);
1461       cp_binding_level_debug (scope, input_line, "push");
1462       binding_depth++;
1463     }
1464 }
1465 
1466 /* Create a new KIND scope and make it the top of the active scopes stack.
1467    ENTITY is the scope of the associated C++ entity (namespace, class,
1468    function, C++0x enumeration); it is NULL otherwise.  */
1469 
1470 cp_binding_level *
1471 begin_scope (scope_kind kind, tree entity)
1472 {
1473   cp_binding_level *scope;
1474 
1475   /* Reuse or create a struct for this binding level.  */
1476   if (!ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING && free_binding_level)
1477     {
1478       scope = free_binding_level;
1479       memset (scope, 0, sizeof (cp_binding_level));
1480       free_binding_level = scope->level_chain;
1481     }
1482   else
1483     scope = ggc_alloc_cleared_cp_binding_level ();
1484 
1485   scope->this_entity = entity;
1486   scope->more_cleanups_ok = true;
1487   switch (kind)
1488     {
1489     case sk_cleanup:
1490       scope->keep = true;
1491       break;
1492 
1493     case sk_template_spec:
1494       scope->explicit_spec_p = true;
1495       kind = sk_template_parms;
1496       /* Fall through.  */
1497     case sk_template_parms:
1498     case sk_block:
1499     case sk_try:
1500     case sk_catch:
1501     case sk_for:
1502     case sk_cond:
1503     case sk_class:
1504     case sk_scoped_enum:
1505     case sk_function_parms:
1506     case sk_omp:
1507       scope->keep = keep_next_level_flag;
1508       break;
1509 
1510     case sk_namespace:
1511       NAMESPACE_LEVEL (entity) = scope;
1512       scope->static_decls =
1513 	VEC_alloc (tree, gc,
1514 		   DECL_NAME (entity) == std_identifier
1515 		   || DECL_NAME (entity) == global_scope_name
1516 		   ? 200 : 10);
1517       break;
1518 
1519     default:
1520       /* Should not happen.  */
1521       gcc_unreachable ();
1522       break;
1523     }
1524   scope->kind = kind;
1525 
1526   push_binding_level (scope);
1527 
1528   return scope;
1529 }
1530 
1531 /* We're about to leave current scope.  Pop the top of the stack of
1532    currently active scopes.  Return the enclosing scope, now active.  */
1533 
1534 cp_binding_level *
1535 leave_scope (void)
1536 {
1537   cp_binding_level *scope = current_binding_level;
1538 
1539   if (scope->kind == sk_namespace && class_binding_level)
1540     current_binding_level = class_binding_level;
1541 
1542   /* We cannot leave a scope, if there are none left.  */
1543   if (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (global_namespace))
1544     gcc_assert (!global_scope_p (scope));
1545 
1546   if (ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING)
1547     {
1548       indent (--binding_depth);
1549       cp_binding_level_debug (scope, input_line, "leave");
1550     }
1551 
1552   /* Move one nesting level up.  */
1553   current_binding_level = scope->level_chain;
1554 
1555   /* Namespace-scopes are left most probably temporarily, not
1556      completely; they can be reopened later, e.g. in namespace-extension
1557      or any name binding activity that requires us to resume a
1558      namespace.  For classes, we cache some binding levels.  For other
1559      scopes, we just make the structure available for reuse.  */
1560   if (scope->kind != sk_namespace
1561       && scope->kind != sk_class)
1562     {
1563       scope->level_chain = free_binding_level;
1564       gcc_assert (!ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING
1565 		  || scope->binding_depth == binding_depth);
1566       free_binding_level = scope;
1567     }
1568 
1569   /* Find the innermost enclosing class scope, and reset
1570      CLASS_BINDING_LEVEL appropriately.  */
1571   if (scope->kind == sk_class)
1572     {
1573       class_binding_level = NULL;
1574       for (scope = current_binding_level; scope; scope = scope->level_chain)
1575 	if (scope->kind == sk_class)
1576 	  {
1577 	    class_binding_level = scope;
1578 	    break;
1579 	  }
1580     }
1581 
1582   return current_binding_level;
1583 }
1584 
1585 static void
1586 resume_scope (cp_binding_level* b)
1587 {
1588   /* Resuming binding levels is meant only for namespaces,
1589      and those cannot nest into classes.  */
1590   gcc_assert (!class_binding_level);
1591   /* Also, resuming a non-directly nested namespace is a no-no.  */
1592   gcc_assert (b->level_chain == current_binding_level);
1593   current_binding_level = b;
1594   if (ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING)
1595     {
1596       b->binding_depth = binding_depth;
1597       indent (binding_depth);
1598       cp_binding_level_debug (b, input_line, "resume");
1599       binding_depth++;
1600     }
1601 }
1602 
1603 /* Return the innermost binding level that is not for a class scope.  */
1604 
1605 static cp_binding_level *
1606 innermost_nonclass_level (void)
1607 {
1608   cp_binding_level *b;
1609 
1610   b = current_binding_level;
1611   while (b->kind == sk_class)
1612     b = b->level_chain;
1613 
1614   return b;
1615 }
1616 
1617 /* We're defining an object of type TYPE.  If it needs a cleanup, but
1618    we're not allowed to add any more objects with cleanups to the current
1619    scope, create a new binding level.  */
1620 
1621 void
1622 maybe_push_cleanup_level (tree type)
1623 {
1624   if (type != error_mark_node
1625       && TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type)
1626       && current_binding_level->more_cleanups_ok == 0)
1627     {
1628       begin_scope (sk_cleanup, NULL);
1629       current_binding_level->statement_list = push_stmt_list ();
1630     }
1631 }
1632 
1633 /* Return true if we are in the global binding level.  */
1634 
1635 bool
1636 global_bindings_p (void)
1637 {
1638   return global_scope_p (current_binding_level);
1639 }
1640 
1641 /* True if we are currently in a toplevel binding level.  This
1642    means either the global binding level or a namespace in a toplevel
1643    binding level.  Since there are no non-toplevel namespace levels,
1644    this really means any namespace or template parameter level.  We
1645    also include a class whose context is toplevel.  */
1646 
1647 bool
1648 toplevel_bindings_p (void)
1649 {
1650   cp_binding_level *b = innermost_nonclass_level ();
1651 
1652   return b->kind == sk_namespace || b->kind == sk_template_parms;
1653 }
1654 
1655 /* True if this is a namespace scope, or if we are defining a class
1656    which is itself at namespace scope, or whose enclosing class is
1657    such a class, etc.  */
1658 
1659 bool
1660 namespace_bindings_p (void)
1661 {
1662   cp_binding_level *b = innermost_nonclass_level ();
1663 
1664   return b->kind == sk_namespace;
1665 }
1666 
1667 /* True if the innermost non-class scope is a block scope.  */
1668 
1669 bool
1670 local_bindings_p (void)
1671 {
1672   cp_binding_level *b = innermost_nonclass_level ();
1673   return b->kind < sk_function_parms || b->kind == sk_omp;
1674 }
1675 
1676 /* True if the current level needs to have a BLOCK made.  */
1677 
1678 bool
1679 kept_level_p (void)
1680 {
1681   return (current_binding_level->blocks != NULL_TREE
1682 	  || current_binding_level->keep
1683 	  || current_binding_level->kind == sk_cleanup
1684 	  || current_binding_level->names != NULL_TREE
1685 	  || current_binding_level->using_directives);
1686 }
1687 
1688 /* Returns the kind of the innermost scope.  */
1689 
1690 scope_kind
1691 innermost_scope_kind (void)
1692 {
1693   return current_binding_level->kind;
1694 }
1695 
1696 /* Returns true if this scope was created to store template parameters.  */
1697 
1698 bool
1699 template_parm_scope_p (void)
1700 {
1701   return innermost_scope_kind () == sk_template_parms;
1702 }
1703 
1704 /* If KEEP is true, make a BLOCK node for the next binding level,
1705    unconditionally.  Otherwise, use the normal logic to decide whether
1706    or not to create a BLOCK.  */
1707 
1708 void
1709 keep_next_level (bool keep)
1710 {
1711   keep_next_level_flag = keep;
1712 }
1713 
1714 /* Return the list of declarations of the current level.
1715    Note that this list is in reverse order unless/until
1716    you nreverse it; and when you do nreverse it, you must
1717    store the result back using `storedecls' or you will lose.  */
1718 
1719 tree
1720 getdecls (void)
1721 {
1722   return current_binding_level->names;
1723 }
1724 
1725 /* Return how many function prototypes we are currently nested inside.  */
1726 
1727 int
1728 function_parm_depth (void)
1729 {
1730   int level = 0;
1731   cp_binding_level *b;
1732 
1733   for (b = current_binding_level;
1734        b->kind == sk_function_parms;
1735        b = b->level_chain)
1736     ++level;
1737 
1738   return level;
1739 }
1740 
1741 /* For debugging.  */
1742 static int no_print_functions = 0;
1743 static int no_print_builtins = 0;
1744 
1745 static void
1746 print_binding_level (cp_binding_level* lvl)
1747 {
1748   tree t;
1749   int i = 0, len;
1750   fprintf (stderr, " blocks=%p", (void *) lvl->blocks);
1751   if (lvl->more_cleanups_ok)
1752     fprintf (stderr, " more-cleanups-ok");
1753   if (lvl->have_cleanups)
1754     fprintf (stderr, " have-cleanups");
1755   fprintf (stderr, "\n");
1756   if (lvl->names)
1757     {
1758       fprintf (stderr, " names:\t");
1759       /* We can probably fit 3 names to a line?  */
1760       for (t = lvl->names; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
1761 	{
1762 	  if (no_print_functions && (TREE_CODE (t) == FUNCTION_DECL))
1763 	    continue;
1764 	  if (no_print_builtins
1765 	      && (TREE_CODE (t) == TYPE_DECL)
1766 	      && DECL_IS_BUILTIN (t))
1767 	    continue;
1768 
1769 	  /* Function decls tend to have longer names.  */
1770 	  if (TREE_CODE (t) == FUNCTION_DECL)
1771 	    len = 3;
1772 	  else
1773 	    len = 2;
1774 	  i += len;
1775 	  if (i > 6)
1776 	    {
1777 	      fprintf (stderr, "\n\t");
1778 	      i = len;
1779 	    }
1780 	  print_node_brief (stderr, "", t, 0);
1781 	  if (t == error_mark_node)
1782 	    break;
1783 	}
1784       if (i)
1785 	fprintf (stderr, "\n");
1786     }
1787   if (VEC_length (cp_class_binding, lvl->class_shadowed))
1788     {
1789       size_t i;
1790       cp_class_binding *b;
1791       fprintf (stderr, " class-shadowed:");
1792       FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (cp_class_binding, lvl->class_shadowed, i, b)
1793 	fprintf (stderr, " %s ", IDENTIFIER_POINTER (b->identifier));
1794       fprintf (stderr, "\n");
1795     }
1796   if (lvl->type_shadowed)
1797     {
1798       fprintf (stderr, " type-shadowed:");
1799       for (t = lvl->type_shadowed; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
1800 	{
1801 	  fprintf (stderr, " %s ", IDENTIFIER_POINTER (TREE_PURPOSE (t)));
1802 	}
1803       fprintf (stderr, "\n");
1804     }
1805 }
1806 
1807 void
1808 print_other_binding_stack (cp_binding_level *stack)
1809 {
1810   cp_binding_level *level;
1811   for (level = stack; !global_scope_p (level); level = level->level_chain)
1812     {
1813       fprintf (stderr, "binding level %p\n", (void *) level);
1814       print_binding_level (level);
1815     }
1816 }
1817 
1818 void
1819 print_binding_stack (void)
1820 {
1821   cp_binding_level *b;
1822   fprintf (stderr, "current_binding_level=%p\n"
1823 	   "class_binding_level=%p\n"
1824 	   "NAMESPACE_LEVEL (global_namespace)=%p\n",
1825 	   (void *) current_binding_level, (void *) class_binding_level,
1826 	   (void *) NAMESPACE_LEVEL (global_namespace));
1827   if (class_binding_level)
1828     {
1829       for (b = class_binding_level; b; b = b->level_chain)
1830 	if (b == current_binding_level)
1831 	  break;
1832       if (b)
1833 	b = class_binding_level;
1834       else
1835 	b = current_binding_level;
1836     }
1837   else
1838     b = current_binding_level;
1839   print_other_binding_stack (b);
1840   fprintf (stderr, "global:\n");
1841   print_binding_level (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (global_namespace));
1842 }
1843 
1844 /* Return the type associated with ID.  */
1845 
1846 static tree
1847 identifier_type_value_1 (tree id)
1848 {
1849   /* There is no type with that name, anywhere.  */
1850   if (REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (id) == NULL_TREE)
1851     return NULL_TREE;
1852   /* This is not the type marker, but the real thing.  */
1853   if (REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (id) != global_type_node)
1854     return REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (id);
1855   /* Have to search for it. It must be on the global level, now.
1856      Ask lookup_name not to return non-types.  */
1857   id = lookup_name_real (id, 2, 1, /*block_p=*/true, 0, LOOKUP_COMPLAIN);
1858   if (id)
1859     return TREE_TYPE (id);
1860   return NULL_TREE;
1861 }
1862 
1863 /* Wrapper for identifier_type_value_1.  */
1864 
1865 tree
1866 identifier_type_value (tree id)
1867 {
1868   tree ret;
1869   timevar_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
1870   ret = identifier_type_value_1 (id);
1871   timevar_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
1872   return ret;
1873 }
1874 
1875 
1876 /* Return the IDENTIFIER_GLOBAL_VALUE of T, for use in common code, since
1877    the definition of IDENTIFIER_GLOBAL_VALUE is different for C and C++.  */
1878 
1879 tree
1880 identifier_global_value	(tree t)
1881 {
1882   return IDENTIFIER_GLOBAL_VALUE (t);
1883 }
1884 
1885 /* Push a definition of struct, union or enum tag named ID.  into
1886    binding_level B.  DECL is a TYPE_DECL for the type.  We assume that
1887    the tag ID is not already defined.  */
1888 
1889 static void
1890 set_identifier_type_value_with_scope (tree id, tree decl, cp_binding_level *b)
1891 {
1892   tree type;
1893 
1894   if (b->kind != sk_namespace)
1895     {
1896       /* Shadow the marker, not the real thing, so that the marker
1897 	 gets restored later.  */
1898       tree old_type_value = REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (id);
1899       b->type_shadowed
1900 	= tree_cons (id, old_type_value, b->type_shadowed);
1901       type = decl ? TREE_TYPE (decl) : NULL_TREE;
1902       TREE_TYPE (b->type_shadowed) = type;
1903     }
1904   else
1905     {
1906       cxx_binding *binding =
1907 	binding_for_name (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (current_namespace), id);
1908       gcc_assert (decl);
1909       if (binding->value)
1910 	supplement_binding (binding, decl);
1911       else
1912 	binding->value = decl;
1913 
1914       /* Store marker instead of real type.  */
1915       type = global_type_node;
1916     }
1917   SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (id, type);
1918 }
1919 
1920 /* As set_identifier_type_value_with_scope, but using
1921    current_binding_level.  */
1922 
1923 void
1924 set_identifier_type_value (tree id, tree decl)
1925 {
1926   set_identifier_type_value_with_scope (id, decl, current_binding_level);
1927 }
1928 
1929 /* Return the name for the constructor (or destructor) for the
1930    specified class TYPE.  When given a template, this routine doesn't
1931    lose the specialization.  */
1932 
1933 static inline tree
1934 constructor_name_full (tree type)
1935 {
1936   return TYPE_IDENTIFIER (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type));
1937 }
1938 
1939 /* Return the name for the constructor (or destructor) for the
1940    specified class.  When given a template, return the plain
1941    unspecialized name.  */
1942 
1943 tree
1944 constructor_name (tree type)
1945 {
1946   tree name;
1947   name = constructor_name_full (type);
1948   if (IDENTIFIER_TEMPLATE (name))
1949     name = IDENTIFIER_TEMPLATE (name);
1950   return name;
1951 }
1952 
1953 /* Returns TRUE if NAME is the name for the constructor for TYPE,
1954    which must be a class type.  */
1955 
1956 bool
1957 constructor_name_p (tree name, tree type)
1958 {
1959   tree ctor_name;
1960 
1961   gcc_assert (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type));
1962 
1963   if (!name)
1964     return false;
1965 
1966   if (TREE_CODE (name) != IDENTIFIER_NODE)
1967     return false;
1968 
1969   /* These don't have names.  */
1970   if (TREE_CODE (type) == DECLTYPE_TYPE
1971       || TREE_CODE (type) == TYPEOF_TYPE)
1972     return false;
1973 
1974   ctor_name = constructor_name_full (type);
1975   if (name == ctor_name)
1976     return true;
1977   if (IDENTIFIER_TEMPLATE (ctor_name)
1978       && name == IDENTIFIER_TEMPLATE (ctor_name))
1979     return true;
1980   return false;
1981 }
1982 
1983 /* Counter used to create anonymous type names.  */
1984 
1985 static GTY(()) int anon_cnt;
1986 
1987 /* Return an IDENTIFIER which can be used as a name for
1988    anonymous structs and unions.  */
1989 
1990 tree
1991 make_anon_name (void)
1992 {
1993   char buf[32];
1994 
1995   sprintf (buf, ANON_AGGRNAME_FORMAT, anon_cnt++);
1996   return get_identifier (buf);
1997 }
1998 
1999 /* This code is practically identical to that for creating
2000    anonymous names, but is just used for lambdas instead.  This is necessary
2001    because anonymous names are recognized and cannot be passed to template
2002    functions.  */
2003 /* FIXME is this still necessary? */
2004 
2005 static GTY(()) int lambda_cnt = 0;
2006 
2007 tree
2008 make_lambda_name (void)
2009 {
2010   char buf[32];
2011 
2012   sprintf (buf, LAMBDANAME_FORMAT, lambda_cnt++);
2013   return get_identifier (buf);
2014 }
2015 
2016 /* Return (from the stack of) the BINDING, if any, established at SCOPE.  */
2017 
2018 static inline cxx_binding *
2019 find_binding (cp_binding_level *scope, cxx_binding *binding)
2020 {
2021   for (; binding != NULL; binding = binding->previous)
2022     if (binding->scope == scope)
2023       return binding;
2024 
2025   return (cxx_binding *)0;
2026 }
2027 
2028 /* Return the binding for NAME in SCOPE, if any.  Otherwise, return NULL.  */
2029 
2030 static inline cxx_binding *
2031 cp_binding_level_find_binding_for_name (cp_binding_level *scope, tree name)
2032 {
2033   cxx_binding *b = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_BINDINGS (name);
2034   if (b)
2035     {
2036       /* Fold-in case where NAME is used only once.  */
2037       if (scope == b->scope && b->previous == NULL)
2038 	return b;
2039       return find_binding (scope, b);
2040     }
2041   return NULL;
2042 }
2043 
2044 /* Always returns a binding for name in scope.  If no binding is
2045    found, make a new one.  */
2046 
2047 static cxx_binding *
2048 binding_for_name (cp_binding_level *scope, tree name)
2049 {
2050   cxx_binding *result;
2051 
2052   result = cp_binding_level_find_binding_for_name (scope, name);
2053   if (result)
2054     return result;
2055   /* Not found, make a new one.  */
2056   result = cxx_binding_make (NULL, NULL);
2057   result->previous = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_BINDINGS (name);
2058   result->scope = scope;
2059   result->is_local = false;
2060   result->value_is_inherited = false;
2061   IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_BINDINGS (name) = result;
2062   return result;
2063 }
2064 
2065 /* Walk through the bindings associated to the name of FUNCTION,
2066    and return the first declaration of a function with a
2067    "C" linkage specification, a.k.a 'extern "C"'.
2068    This function looks for the binding, regardless of which scope it
2069    has been defined in. It basically looks in all the known scopes.
2070    Note that this function does not lookup for bindings of builtin functions
2071    or for functions declared in system headers.  */
2072 static tree
2073 lookup_extern_c_fun_in_all_ns (tree function)
2074 {
2075   tree name;
2076   cxx_binding *iter;
2077 
2078   gcc_assert (function && TREE_CODE (function) == FUNCTION_DECL);
2079 
2080   name = DECL_NAME (function);
2081   gcc_assert (name && TREE_CODE (name) == IDENTIFIER_NODE);
2082 
2083   for (iter = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_BINDINGS (name);
2084        iter;
2085        iter = iter->previous)
2086     {
2087       tree ovl;
2088       for (ovl = iter->value; ovl; ovl = OVL_NEXT (ovl))
2089 	{
2090 	  tree decl = OVL_CURRENT (ovl);
2091 	  if (decl
2092 	      && TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
2093 	      && DECL_EXTERN_C_P (decl)
2094 	      && !DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl))
2095 	    {
2096 	      return decl;
2097 	    }
2098 	}
2099     }
2100   return NULL;
2101 }
2102 
2103 /* Returns a list of C-linkage decls with the name NAME.  */
2104 
2105 tree
2106 c_linkage_bindings (tree name)
2107 {
2108   tree decls = NULL_TREE;
2109   cxx_binding *iter;
2110 
2111   for (iter = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_BINDINGS (name);
2112        iter;
2113        iter = iter->previous)
2114     {
2115       tree ovl;
2116       for (ovl = iter->value; ovl; ovl = OVL_NEXT (ovl))
2117 	{
2118 	  tree decl = OVL_CURRENT (ovl);
2119 	  if (decl
2120 	      && DECL_EXTERN_C_P (decl)
2121 	      && !DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl))
2122 	    {
2123 	      if (decls == NULL_TREE)
2124 		decls = decl;
2125 	      else
2126 		decls = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, decl, decls);
2127 	    }
2128 	}
2129     }
2130   return decls;
2131 }
2132 
2133 /* Insert another USING_DECL into the current binding level, returning
2134    this declaration. If this is a redeclaration, do nothing, and
2135    return NULL_TREE if this not in namespace scope (in namespace
2136    scope, a using decl might extend any previous bindings).  */
2137 
2138 static tree
2139 push_using_decl_1 (tree scope, tree name)
2140 {
2141   tree decl;
2142 
2143   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (scope) == NAMESPACE_DECL);
2144   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (name) == IDENTIFIER_NODE);
2145   for (decl = current_binding_level->usings; decl; decl = DECL_CHAIN (decl))
2146     if (USING_DECL_SCOPE (decl) == scope && DECL_NAME (decl) == name)
2147       break;
2148   if (decl)
2149     return namespace_bindings_p () ? decl : NULL_TREE;
2150   decl = build_lang_decl (USING_DECL, name, NULL_TREE);
2151   USING_DECL_SCOPE (decl) = scope;
2152   DECL_CHAIN (decl) = current_binding_level->usings;
2153   current_binding_level->usings = decl;
2154   return decl;
2155 }
2156 
2157 /* Wrapper for push_using_decl_1.  */
2158 
2159 static tree
2160 push_using_decl (tree scope, tree name)
2161 {
2162   tree ret;
2163   timevar_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
2164   ret = push_using_decl_1 (scope, name);
2165   timevar_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
2166   return ret;
2167 }
2168 
2169 /* Same as pushdecl, but define X in binding-level LEVEL.  We rely on the
2170    caller to set DECL_CONTEXT properly.
2171 
2172    Note that this must only be used when X will be the new innermost
2173    binding for its name, as we tack it onto the front of IDENTIFIER_BINDING
2174    without checking to see if the current IDENTIFIER_BINDING comes from a
2175    closer binding level than LEVEL.  */
2176 
2177 static tree
2178 pushdecl_with_scope_1 (tree x, cp_binding_level *level, bool is_friend)
2179 {
2180   cp_binding_level *b;
2181   tree function_decl = current_function_decl;
2182 
2183   current_function_decl = NULL_TREE;
2184   if (level->kind == sk_class)
2185     {
2186       b = class_binding_level;
2187       class_binding_level = level;
2188       pushdecl_class_level (x);
2189       class_binding_level = b;
2190     }
2191   else
2192     {
2193       b = current_binding_level;
2194       current_binding_level = level;
2195       x = pushdecl_maybe_friend (x, is_friend);
2196       current_binding_level = b;
2197     }
2198   current_function_decl = function_decl;
2199   return x;
2200 }
2201 
2202 /* Wrapper for pushdecl_with_scope_1.  */
2203 
2204 tree
2205 pushdecl_with_scope (tree x, cp_binding_level *level, bool is_friend)
2206 {
2207   tree ret;
2208   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
2209   ret = pushdecl_with_scope_1 (x, level, is_friend);
2210   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
2211   return ret;
2212 }
2213 
2214 
2215 /* DECL is a FUNCTION_DECL for a non-member function, which may have
2216    other definitions already in place.  We get around this by making
2217    the value of the identifier point to a list of all the things that
2218    want to be referenced by that name.  It is then up to the users of
2219    that name to decide what to do with that list.
2220 
2221    DECL may also be a TEMPLATE_DECL, with a FUNCTION_DECL in its
2222    DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT.  It is dealt with the same way.
2223 
2224    FLAGS is a bitwise-or of the following values:
2225      PUSH_LOCAL: Bind DECL in the current scope, rather than at
2226 		 namespace scope.
2227      PUSH_USING: DECL is being pushed as the result of a using
2228 		 declaration.
2229 
2230    IS_FRIEND is true if this is a friend declaration.
2231 
2232    The value returned may be a previous declaration if we guessed wrong
2233    about what language DECL should belong to (C or C++).  Otherwise,
2234    it's always DECL (and never something that's not a _DECL).  */
2235 
2236 static tree
2237 push_overloaded_decl_1 (tree decl, int flags, bool is_friend)
2238 {
2239   tree name = DECL_NAME (decl);
2240   tree old;
2241   tree new_binding;
2242   int doing_global = (namespace_bindings_p () || !(flags & PUSH_LOCAL));
2243 
2244   if (doing_global)
2245     old = namespace_binding (name, DECL_CONTEXT (decl));
2246   else
2247     old = lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level (name);
2248 
2249   if (old)
2250     {
2251       if (TREE_CODE (old) == TYPE_DECL && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (old))
2252 	{
2253 	  tree t = TREE_TYPE (old);
2254 	  if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (t) && warn_shadow
2255 	      && (! DECL_IN_SYSTEM_HEADER (decl)
2256 		  || ! DECL_IN_SYSTEM_HEADER (old)))
2257 	    warning (OPT_Wshadow, "%q#D hides constructor for %q#T", decl, t);
2258 	  old = NULL_TREE;
2259 	}
2260       else if (is_overloaded_fn (old))
2261 	{
2262 	  tree tmp;
2263 
2264 	  for (tmp = old; tmp; tmp = OVL_NEXT (tmp))
2265 	    {
2266 	      tree fn = OVL_CURRENT (tmp);
2267 	      tree dup;
2268 
2269 	      if (TREE_CODE (tmp) == OVERLOAD && OVL_USED (tmp)
2270 		  && !(flags & PUSH_USING)
2271 		  && compparms (TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn)),
2272 				TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
2273 		  && ! decls_match (fn, decl))
2274 		error ("%q#D conflicts with previous using declaration %q#D",
2275 		       decl, fn);
2276 
2277 	      dup = duplicate_decls (decl, fn, is_friend);
2278 	      /* If DECL was a redeclaration of FN -- even an invalid
2279 		 one -- pass that information along to our caller.  */
2280 	      if (dup == fn || dup == error_mark_node)
2281 		return dup;
2282 	    }
2283 
2284 	  /* We don't overload implicit built-ins.  duplicate_decls()
2285 	     may fail to merge the decls if the new decl is e.g. a
2286 	     template function.  */
2287 	  if (TREE_CODE (old) == FUNCTION_DECL
2288 	      && DECL_ANTICIPATED (old)
2289 	      && !DECL_HIDDEN_FRIEND_P (old))
2290 	    old = NULL;
2291 	}
2292       else if (old == error_mark_node)
2293 	/* Ignore the undefined symbol marker.  */
2294 	old = NULL_TREE;
2295       else
2296 	{
2297 	  error ("previous non-function declaration %q+#D", old);
2298 	  error ("conflicts with function declaration %q#D", decl);
2299 	  return decl;
2300 	}
2301     }
2302 
2303   if (old || TREE_CODE (decl) == TEMPLATE_DECL
2304       /* If it's a using declaration, we always need to build an OVERLOAD,
2305 	 because it's the only way to remember that the declaration comes
2306 	 from 'using', and have the lookup behave correctly.  */
2307       || (flags & PUSH_USING))
2308     {
2309       if (old && TREE_CODE (old) != OVERLOAD)
2310 	new_binding = ovl_cons (decl, ovl_cons (old, NULL_TREE));
2311       else
2312 	new_binding = ovl_cons (decl, old);
2313       if (flags & PUSH_USING)
2314 	OVL_USED (new_binding) = 1;
2315     }
2316   else
2317     /* NAME is not ambiguous.  */
2318     new_binding = decl;
2319 
2320   if (doing_global)
2321     set_namespace_binding (name, current_namespace, new_binding);
2322   else
2323     {
2324       /* We only create an OVERLOAD if there was a previous binding at
2325 	 this level, or if decl is a template. In the former case, we
2326 	 need to remove the old binding and replace it with the new
2327 	 binding.  We must also run through the NAMES on the binding
2328 	 level where the name was bound to update the chain.  */
2329 
2330       if (TREE_CODE (new_binding) == OVERLOAD && old)
2331 	{
2332 	  tree *d;
2333 
2334 	  for (d = &IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name)->scope->names;
2335 	       *d;
2336 	       d = &TREE_CHAIN (*d))
2337 	    if (*d == old
2338 		|| (TREE_CODE (*d) == TREE_LIST
2339 		    && TREE_VALUE (*d) == old))
2340 	      {
2341 		if (TREE_CODE (*d) == TREE_LIST)
2342 		  /* Just replace the old binding with the new.  */
2343 		  TREE_VALUE (*d) = new_binding;
2344 		else
2345 		  /* Build a TREE_LIST to wrap the OVERLOAD.  */
2346 		  *d = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, new_binding,
2347 				  TREE_CHAIN (*d));
2348 
2349 		/* And update the cxx_binding node.  */
2350 		IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name)->value = new_binding;
2351 		return decl;
2352 	      }
2353 
2354 	  /* We should always find a previous binding in this case.  */
2355 	  gcc_unreachable ();
2356 	}
2357 
2358       /* Install the new binding.  */
2359       push_local_binding (name, new_binding, flags);
2360     }
2361 
2362   return decl;
2363 }
2364 
2365 /* Wrapper for push_overloaded_decl_1.  */
2366 
2367 static tree
2368 push_overloaded_decl (tree decl, int flags, bool is_friend)
2369 {
2370   tree ret;
2371   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
2372   ret = push_overloaded_decl_1 (decl, flags, is_friend);
2373   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
2374   return ret;
2375 }
2376 
2377 /* Check a non-member using-declaration. Return the name and scope
2378    being used, and the USING_DECL, or NULL_TREE on failure.  */
2379 
2380 static tree
2381 validate_nonmember_using_decl (tree decl, tree scope, tree name)
2382 {
2383   /* [namespace.udecl]
2384        A using-declaration for a class member shall be a
2385        member-declaration.  */
2386   if (TYPE_P (scope))
2387     {
2388       error ("%qT is not a namespace", scope);
2389       return NULL_TREE;
2390     }
2391   else if (scope == error_mark_node)
2392     return NULL_TREE;
2393 
2394   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
2395     {
2396       /* 7.3.3/5
2397 	   A using-declaration shall not name a template-id.  */
2398       error ("a using-declaration cannot specify a template-id.  "
2399 	     "Try %<using %D%>", name);
2400       return NULL_TREE;
2401     }
2402 
2403   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
2404     {
2405       error ("namespace %qD not allowed in using-declaration", decl);
2406       return NULL_TREE;
2407     }
2408 
2409   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == SCOPE_REF)
2410     {
2411       /* It's a nested name with template parameter dependent scope.
2412 	 This can only be using-declaration for class member.  */
2413       error ("%qT is not a namespace", TREE_OPERAND (decl, 0));
2414       return NULL_TREE;
2415     }
2416 
2417   if (is_overloaded_fn (decl))
2418     decl = get_first_fn (decl);
2419 
2420   gcc_assert (DECL_P (decl));
2421 
2422   /* Make a USING_DECL.  */
2423   return push_using_decl (scope, name);
2424 }
2425 
2426 /* Process local and global using-declarations.  */
2427 
2428 static void
2429 do_nonmember_using_decl (tree scope, tree name, tree oldval, tree oldtype,
2430 			 tree *newval, tree *newtype)
2431 {
2432   struct scope_binding decls = EMPTY_SCOPE_BINDING;
2433 
2434   *newval = *newtype = NULL_TREE;
2435   if (!qualified_lookup_using_namespace (name, scope, &decls, 0))
2436     /* Lookup error */
2437     return;
2438 
2439   if (!decls.value && !decls.type)
2440     {
2441       error ("%qD not declared", name);
2442       return;
2443     }
2444 
2445   /* Shift the old and new bindings around so we're comparing class and
2446      enumeration names to each other.  */
2447   if (oldval && DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (oldval))
2448     {
2449       oldtype = oldval;
2450       oldval = NULL_TREE;
2451     }
2452 
2453   if (decls.value && DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (decls.value))
2454     {
2455       decls.type = decls.value;
2456       decls.value = NULL_TREE;
2457     }
2458 
2459   /* It is impossible to overload a built-in function; any explicit
2460      declaration eliminates the built-in declaration.  So, if OLDVAL
2461      is a built-in, then we can just pretend it isn't there.  */
2462   if (oldval
2463       && TREE_CODE (oldval) == FUNCTION_DECL
2464       && DECL_ANTICIPATED (oldval)
2465       && !DECL_HIDDEN_FRIEND_P (oldval))
2466     oldval = NULL_TREE;
2467 
2468   if (decls.value)
2469     {
2470       /* Check for using functions.  */
2471       if (is_overloaded_fn (decls.value))
2472 	{
2473 	  tree tmp, tmp1;
2474 
2475 	  if (oldval && !is_overloaded_fn (oldval))
2476 	    {
2477 	      error ("%qD is already declared in this scope", name);
2478 	      oldval = NULL_TREE;
2479 	    }
2480 
2481 	  *newval = oldval;
2482 	  for (tmp = decls.value; tmp; tmp = OVL_NEXT (tmp))
2483 	    {
2484 	      tree new_fn = OVL_CURRENT (tmp);
2485 
2486 	      /* [namespace.udecl]
2487 
2488 		 If a function declaration in namespace scope or block
2489 		 scope has the same name and the same parameter types as a
2490 		 function introduced by a using declaration the program is
2491 		 ill-formed.  */
2492 	      for (tmp1 = oldval; tmp1; tmp1 = OVL_NEXT (tmp1))
2493 		{
2494 		  tree old_fn = OVL_CURRENT (tmp1);
2495 
2496 		  if (new_fn == old_fn)
2497 		    /* The function already exists in the current namespace.  */
2498 		    break;
2499 		  else if (OVL_USED (tmp1))
2500 		    continue; /* this is a using decl */
2501 		  else if (compparms (TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (new_fn)),
2502 				      TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (old_fn))))
2503 		    {
2504 		      gcc_assert (!DECL_ANTICIPATED (old_fn)
2505 				  || DECL_HIDDEN_FRIEND_P (old_fn));
2506 
2507 		      /* There was already a non-using declaration in
2508 			 this scope with the same parameter types. If both
2509 			 are the same extern "C" functions, that's ok.  */
2510 		      if (decls_match (new_fn, old_fn))
2511 			break;
2512 		      else
2513 			{
2514 			  error ("%qD is already declared in this scope", name);
2515 			  break;
2516 			}
2517 		    }
2518 		}
2519 
2520 	      /* If we broke out of the loop, there's no reason to add
2521 		 this function to the using declarations for this
2522 		 scope.  */
2523 	      if (tmp1)
2524 		continue;
2525 
2526 	      /* If we are adding to an existing OVERLOAD, then we no
2527 		 longer know the type of the set of functions.  */
2528 	      if (*newval && TREE_CODE (*newval) == OVERLOAD)
2529 		TREE_TYPE (*newval) = unknown_type_node;
2530 	      /* Add this new function to the set.  */
2531 	      *newval = build_overload (OVL_CURRENT (tmp), *newval);
2532 	      /* If there is only one function, then we use its type.  (A
2533 		 using-declaration naming a single function can be used in
2534 		 contexts where overload resolution cannot be
2535 		 performed.)  */
2536 	      if (TREE_CODE (*newval) != OVERLOAD)
2537 		{
2538 		  *newval = ovl_cons (*newval, NULL_TREE);
2539 		  TREE_TYPE (*newval) = TREE_TYPE (OVL_CURRENT (tmp));
2540 		}
2541 	      OVL_USED (*newval) = 1;
2542 	    }
2543 	}
2544       else
2545 	{
2546 	  *newval = decls.value;
2547 	  if (oldval && !decls_match (*newval, oldval))
2548 	    error ("%qD is already declared in this scope", name);
2549 	}
2550     }
2551   else
2552     *newval = oldval;
2553 
2554   if (decls.type && TREE_CODE (decls.type) == TREE_LIST)
2555     {
2556       error ("reference to %qD is ambiguous", name);
2557       print_candidates (decls.type);
2558     }
2559   else
2560     {
2561       *newtype = decls.type;
2562       if (oldtype && *newtype && !decls_match (oldtype, *newtype))
2563 	error ("%qD is already declared in this scope", name);
2564     }
2565 
2566     /* If *newval is empty, shift any class or enumeration name down.  */
2567     if (!*newval)
2568       {
2569 	*newval = *newtype;
2570 	*newtype = NULL_TREE;
2571       }
2572 }
2573 
2574 /* Process a using-declaration at function scope.  */
2575 
2576 void
2577 do_local_using_decl (tree decl, tree scope, tree name)
2578 {
2579   tree oldval, oldtype, newval, newtype;
2580   tree orig_decl = decl;
2581 
2582   decl = validate_nonmember_using_decl (decl, scope, name);
2583   if (decl == NULL_TREE)
2584     return;
2585 
2586   if (building_stmt_list_p ()
2587       && at_function_scope_p ())
2588     add_decl_expr (decl);
2589 
2590   oldval = lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level (name);
2591   oldtype = lookup_type_current_level (name);
2592 
2593   do_nonmember_using_decl (scope, name, oldval, oldtype, &newval, &newtype);
2594 
2595   if (newval)
2596     {
2597       if (is_overloaded_fn (newval))
2598 	{
2599 	  tree fn, term;
2600 
2601 	  /* We only need to push declarations for those functions
2602 	     that were not already bound in the current level.
2603 	     The old value might be NULL_TREE, it might be a single
2604 	     function, or an OVERLOAD.  */
2605 	  if (oldval && TREE_CODE (oldval) == OVERLOAD)
2606 	    term = OVL_FUNCTION (oldval);
2607 	  else
2608 	    term = oldval;
2609 	  for (fn = newval; fn && OVL_CURRENT (fn) != term;
2610 	       fn = OVL_NEXT (fn))
2611 	    push_overloaded_decl (OVL_CURRENT (fn),
2612 				  PUSH_LOCAL | PUSH_USING,
2613 				  false);
2614 	}
2615       else
2616 	push_local_binding (name, newval, PUSH_USING);
2617     }
2618   if (newtype)
2619     {
2620       push_local_binding (name, newtype, PUSH_USING);
2621       set_identifier_type_value (name, newtype);
2622     }
2623 
2624   /* Emit debug info.  */
2625   if (!processing_template_decl)
2626     cp_emit_debug_info_for_using (orig_decl, current_scope());
2627 }
2628 
2629 /* Returns true if ROOT (a namespace, class, or function) encloses
2630    CHILD.  CHILD may be either a class type or a namespace.  */
2631 
2632 bool
2633 is_ancestor (tree root, tree child)
2634 {
2635   gcc_assert ((TREE_CODE (root) == NAMESPACE_DECL
2636 	       || TREE_CODE (root) == FUNCTION_DECL
2637 	       || CLASS_TYPE_P (root)));
2638   gcc_assert ((TREE_CODE (child) == NAMESPACE_DECL
2639 	       || CLASS_TYPE_P (child)));
2640 
2641   /* The global namespace encloses everything.  */
2642   if (root == global_namespace)
2643     return true;
2644 
2645   while (true)
2646     {
2647       /* If we've run out of scopes, stop.  */
2648       if (!child)
2649 	return false;
2650       /* If we've reached the ROOT, it encloses CHILD.  */
2651       if (root == child)
2652 	return true;
2653       /* Go out one level.  */
2654       if (TYPE_P (child))
2655 	child = TYPE_NAME (child);
2656       child = DECL_CONTEXT (child);
2657     }
2658 }
2659 
2660 /* Enter the class or namespace scope indicated by T suitable for name
2661    lookup.  T can be arbitrary scope, not necessary nested inside the
2662    current scope.  Returns a non-null scope to pop iff pop_scope
2663    should be called later to exit this scope.  */
2664 
2665 tree
2666 push_scope (tree t)
2667 {
2668   if (TREE_CODE (t) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
2669     push_decl_namespace (t);
2670   else if (CLASS_TYPE_P (t))
2671     {
2672       if (!at_class_scope_p ()
2673 	  || !same_type_p (current_class_type, t))
2674 	push_nested_class (t);
2675       else
2676 	/* T is the same as the current scope.  There is therefore no
2677 	   need to re-enter the scope.  Since we are not actually
2678 	   pushing a new scope, our caller should not call
2679 	   pop_scope.  */
2680 	t = NULL_TREE;
2681     }
2682 
2683   return t;
2684 }
2685 
2686 /* Leave scope pushed by push_scope.  */
2687 
2688 void
2689 pop_scope (tree t)
2690 {
2691   if (t == NULL_TREE)
2692     return;
2693   if (TREE_CODE (t) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
2694     pop_decl_namespace ();
2695   else if CLASS_TYPE_P (t)
2696     pop_nested_class ();
2697 }
2698 
2699 /* Subroutine of push_inner_scope.  */
2700 
2701 static void
2702 push_inner_scope_r (tree outer, tree inner)
2703 {
2704   tree prev;
2705 
2706   if (outer == inner
2707       || (TREE_CODE (inner) != NAMESPACE_DECL && !CLASS_TYPE_P (inner)))
2708     return;
2709 
2710   prev = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (TREE_CODE (inner) == NAMESPACE_DECL ? inner : TYPE_NAME (inner));
2711   if (outer != prev)
2712     push_inner_scope_r (outer, prev);
2713   if (TREE_CODE (inner) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
2714     {
2715       cp_binding_level *save_template_parm = 0;
2716       /* Temporary take out template parameter scopes.  They are saved
2717 	 in reversed order in save_template_parm.  */
2718       while (current_binding_level->kind == sk_template_parms)
2719 	{
2720 	  cp_binding_level *b = current_binding_level;
2721 	  current_binding_level = b->level_chain;
2722 	  b->level_chain = save_template_parm;
2723 	  save_template_parm = b;
2724 	}
2725 
2726       resume_scope (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (inner));
2727       current_namespace = inner;
2728 
2729       /* Restore template parameter scopes.  */
2730       while (save_template_parm)
2731 	{
2732 	  cp_binding_level *b = save_template_parm;
2733 	  save_template_parm = b->level_chain;
2734 	  b->level_chain = current_binding_level;
2735 	  current_binding_level = b;
2736 	}
2737     }
2738   else
2739     pushclass (inner);
2740 }
2741 
2742 /* Enter the scope INNER from current scope.  INNER must be a scope
2743    nested inside current scope.  This works with both name lookup and
2744    pushing name into scope.  In case a template parameter scope is present,
2745    namespace is pushed under the template parameter scope according to
2746    name lookup rule in 14.6.1/6.
2747 
2748    Return the former current scope suitable for pop_inner_scope.  */
2749 
2750 tree
2751 push_inner_scope (tree inner)
2752 {
2753   tree outer = current_scope ();
2754   if (!outer)
2755     outer = current_namespace;
2756 
2757   push_inner_scope_r (outer, inner);
2758   return outer;
2759 }
2760 
2761 /* Exit the current scope INNER back to scope OUTER.  */
2762 
2763 void
2764 pop_inner_scope (tree outer, tree inner)
2765 {
2766   if (outer == inner
2767       || (TREE_CODE (inner) != NAMESPACE_DECL && !CLASS_TYPE_P (inner)))
2768     return;
2769 
2770   while (outer != inner)
2771     {
2772       if (TREE_CODE (inner) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
2773 	{
2774 	  cp_binding_level *save_template_parm = 0;
2775 	  /* Temporary take out template parameter scopes.  They are saved
2776 	     in reversed order in save_template_parm.  */
2777 	  while (current_binding_level->kind == sk_template_parms)
2778 	    {
2779 	      cp_binding_level *b = current_binding_level;
2780 	      current_binding_level = b->level_chain;
2781 	      b->level_chain = save_template_parm;
2782 	      save_template_parm = b;
2783 	    }
2784 
2785 	  pop_namespace ();
2786 
2787 	  /* Restore template parameter scopes.  */
2788 	  while (save_template_parm)
2789 	    {
2790 	      cp_binding_level *b = save_template_parm;
2791 	      save_template_parm = b->level_chain;
2792 	      b->level_chain = current_binding_level;
2793 	      current_binding_level = b;
2794 	    }
2795 	}
2796       else
2797 	popclass ();
2798 
2799       inner = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (TREE_CODE (inner) == NAMESPACE_DECL ? inner : TYPE_NAME (inner));
2800     }
2801 }
2802 
2803 /* Do a pushlevel for class declarations.  */
2804 
2805 void
2806 pushlevel_class (void)
2807 {
2808   class_binding_level = begin_scope (sk_class, current_class_type);
2809 }
2810 
2811 /* ...and a poplevel for class declarations.  */
2812 
2813 void
2814 poplevel_class (void)
2815 {
2816   cp_binding_level *level = class_binding_level;
2817   cp_class_binding *cb;
2818   size_t i;
2819   tree shadowed;
2820 
2821   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
2822   gcc_assert (level != 0);
2823 
2824   /* If we're leaving a toplevel class, cache its binding level.  */
2825   if (current_class_depth == 1)
2826     previous_class_level = level;
2827   for (shadowed = level->type_shadowed;
2828        shadowed;
2829        shadowed = TREE_CHAIN (shadowed))
2830     SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (TREE_PURPOSE (shadowed), TREE_VALUE (shadowed));
2831 
2832   /* Remove the bindings for all of the class-level declarations.  */
2833   if (level->class_shadowed)
2834     {
2835       FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (cp_class_binding, level->class_shadowed, i, cb)
2836 	{
2837 	  IDENTIFIER_BINDING (cb->identifier) = cb->base->previous;
2838 	  cxx_binding_free (cb->base);
2839 	}
2840       ggc_free (level->class_shadowed);
2841       level->class_shadowed = NULL;
2842     }
2843 
2844   /* Now, pop out of the binding level which we created up in the
2845      `pushlevel_class' routine.  */
2846   gcc_assert (current_binding_level == level);
2847   leave_scope ();
2848   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
2849 }
2850 
2851 /* Set INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P on BINDING to true or false, as
2852    appropriate.  DECL is the value to which a name has just been
2853    bound.  CLASS_TYPE is the class in which the lookup occurred.  */
2854 
2855 static void
2856 set_inherited_value_binding_p (cxx_binding *binding, tree decl,
2857 			       tree class_type)
2858 {
2859   if (binding->value == decl && TREE_CODE (decl) != TREE_LIST)
2860     {
2861       tree context;
2862 
2863       if (TREE_CODE (decl) == OVERLOAD)
2864 	context = ovl_scope (decl);
2865       else
2866 	{
2867 	  gcc_assert (DECL_P (decl));
2868 	  context = context_for_name_lookup (decl);
2869 	}
2870 
2871       if (is_properly_derived_from (class_type, context))
2872 	INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding) = 1;
2873       else
2874 	INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding) = 0;
2875     }
2876   else if (binding->value == decl)
2877     /* We only encounter a TREE_LIST when there is an ambiguity in the
2878        base classes.  Such an ambiguity can be overridden by a
2879        definition in this class.  */
2880     INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding) = 1;
2881   else
2882     INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding) = 0;
2883 }
2884 
2885 /* Make the declaration of X appear in CLASS scope.  */
2886 
2887 bool
2888 pushdecl_class_level (tree x)
2889 {
2890   tree name;
2891   bool is_valid = true;
2892   bool subtime;
2893 
2894   /* Do nothing if we're adding to an outer lambda closure type,
2895      outer_binding will add it later if it's needed.  */
2896   if (current_class_type != class_binding_level->this_entity)
2897     return true;
2898 
2899   subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
2900   /* Get the name of X.  */
2901   if (TREE_CODE (x) == OVERLOAD)
2902     name = DECL_NAME (get_first_fn (x));
2903   else
2904     name = DECL_NAME (x);
2905 
2906   if (name)
2907     {
2908       is_valid = push_class_level_binding (name, x);
2909       if (TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL)
2910 	set_identifier_type_value (name, x);
2911     }
2912   else if (ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (x)))
2913     {
2914       /* If X is an anonymous aggregate, all of its members are
2915 	 treated as if they were members of the class containing the
2916 	 aggregate, for naming purposes.  */
2917       tree f;
2918 
2919       for (f = TYPE_FIELDS (TREE_TYPE (x)); f; f = DECL_CHAIN (f))
2920 	{
2921 	  location_t save_location = input_location;
2922 	  input_location = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (f);
2923 	  if (!pushdecl_class_level (f))
2924 	    is_valid = false;
2925 	  input_location = save_location;
2926 	}
2927     }
2928   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
2929   return is_valid;
2930 }
2931 
2932 /* Return the BINDING (if any) for NAME in SCOPE, which is a class
2933    scope.  If the value returned is non-NULL, and the PREVIOUS field
2934    is not set, callers must set the PREVIOUS field explicitly.  */
2935 
2936 static cxx_binding *
2937 get_class_binding (tree name, cp_binding_level *scope)
2938 {
2939   tree class_type;
2940   tree type_binding;
2941   tree value_binding;
2942   cxx_binding *binding;
2943 
2944   class_type = scope->this_entity;
2945 
2946   /* Get the type binding.  */
2947   type_binding = lookup_member (class_type, name,
2948 				/*protect=*/2, /*want_type=*/true,
2949 				tf_warning_or_error);
2950   /* Get the value binding.  */
2951   value_binding = lookup_member (class_type, name,
2952 				 /*protect=*/2, /*want_type=*/false,
2953 				 tf_warning_or_error);
2954 
2955   if (value_binding
2956       && (TREE_CODE (value_binding) == TYPE_DECL
2957 	  || DECL_CLASS_TEMPLATE_P (value_binding)
2958 	  || (TREE_CODE (value_binding) == TREE_LIST
2959 	      && TREE_TYPE (value_binding) == error_mark_node
2960 	      && (TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (value_binding))
2961 		  == TYPE_DECL))))
2962     /* We found a type binding, even when looking for a non-type
2963        binding.  This means that we already processed this binding
2964        above.  */
2965     ;
2966   else if (value_binding)
2967     {
2968       if (TREE_CODE (value_binding) == TREE_LIST
2969 	  && TREE_TYPE (value_binding) == error_mark_node)
2970 	/* NAME is ambiguous.  */
2971 	;
2972       else if (BASELINK_P (value_binding))
2973 	/* NAME is some overloaded functions.  */
2974 	value_binding = BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (value_binding);
2975     }
2976 
2977   /* If we found either a type binding or a value binding, create a
2978      new binding object.  */
2979   if (type_binding || value_binding)
2980     {
2981       binding = new_class_binding (name,
2982 				   value_binding,
2983 				   type_binding,
2984 				   scope);
2985       /* This is a class-scope binding, not a block-scope binding.  */
2986       LOCAL_BINDING_P (binding) = 0;
2987       set_inherited_value_binding_p (binding, value_binding, class_type);
2988     }
2989   else
2990     binding = NULL;
2991 
2992   return binding;
2993 }
2994 
2995 /* Make the declaration(s) of X appear in CLASS scope under the name
2996    NAME.  Returns true if the binding is valid.  */
2997 
2998 static bool
2999 push_class_level_binding_1 (tree name, tree x)
3000 {
3001   cxx_binding *binding;
3002   tree decl = x;
3003   bool ok;
3004 
3005   /* The class_binding_level will be NULL if x is a template
3006      parameter name in a member template.  */
3007   if (!class_binding_level)
3008     return true;
3009 
3010   if (name == error_mark_node)
3011     return false;
3012 
3013   /* Check for invalid member names.  */
3014   gcc_assert (TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (current_class_type));
3015   /* Check that we're pushing into the right binding level.  */
3016   gcc_assert (current_class_type == class_binding_level->this_entity);
3017 
3018   /* We could have been passed a tree list if this is an ambiguous
3019      declaration. If so, pull the declaration out because
3020      check_template_shadow will not handle a TREE_LIST.  */
3021   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TREE_LIST
3022       && TREE_TYPE (decl) == error_mark_node)
3023     decl = TREE_VALUE (decl);
3024 
3025   if (!check_template_shadow (decl))
3026     return false;
3027 
3028   /* [class.mem]
3029 
3030      If T is the name of a class, then each of the following shall
3031      have a name different from T:
3032 
3033      -- every static data member of class T;
3034 
3035      -- every member of class T that is itself a type;
3036 
3037      -- every enumerator of every member of class T that is an
3038 	enumerated type;
3039 
3040      -- every member of every anonymous union that is a member of
3041 	class T.
3042 
3043      (Non-static data members were also forbidden to have the same
3044      name as T until TC1.)  */
3045   if ((TREE_CODE (x) == VAR_DECL
3046        || TREE_CODE (x) == CONST_DECL
3047        || (TREE_CODE (x) == TYPE_DECL
3048 	   && !DECL_SELF_REFERENCE_P (x))
3049        /* A data member of an anonymous union.  */
3050        || (TREE_CODE (x) == FIELD_DECL
3051 	   && DECL_CONTEXT (x) != current_class_type))
3052       && DECL_NAME (x) == constructor_name (current_class_type))
3053     {
3054       tree scope = context_for_name_lookup (x);
3055       if (TYPE_P (scope) && same_type_p (scope, current_class_type))
3056 	{
3057 	  error ("%qD has the same name as the class in which it is "
3058 		 "declared",
3059 		 x);
3060 	  return false;
3061 	}
3062     }
3063 
3064   /* Get the current binding for NAME in this class, if any.  */
3065   binding = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name);
3066   if (!binding || binding->scope != class_binding_level)
3067     {
3068       binding = get_class_binding (name, class_binding_level);
3069       /* If a new binding was created, put it at the front of the
3070 	 IDENTIFIER_BINDING list.  */
3071       if (binding)
3072 	{
3073 	  binding->previous = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name);
3074 	  IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name) = binding;
3075 	}
3076     }
3077 
3078   /* If there is already a binding, then we may need to update the
3079      current value.  */
3080   if (binding && binding->value)
3081     {
3082       tree bval = binding->value;
3083       tree old_decl = NULL_TREE;
3084       tree target_decl = strip_using_decl (decl);
3085       tree target_bval = strip_using_decl (bval);
3086 
3087       if (INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding))
3088 	{
3089 	  /* If the old binding was from a base class, and was for a
3090 	     tag name, slide it over to make room for the new binding.
3091 	     The old binding is still visible if explicitly qualified
3092 	     with a class-key.  */
3093 	  if (TREE_CODE (target_bval) == TYPE_DECL
3094 	      && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (target_bval)
3095 	      && !(TREE_CODE (target_decl) == TYPE_DECL
3096 		   && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (target_decl)))
3097 	    {
3098 	      old_decl = binding->type;
3099 	      binding->type = bval;
3100 	      binding->value = NULL_TREE;
3101 	      INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding) = 0;
3102 	    }
3103 	  else
3104 	    {
3105 	      old_decl = bval;
3106 	      /* Any inherited type declaration is hidden by the type
3107 		 declaration in the derived class.  */
3108 	      if (TREE_CODE (target_decl) == TYPE_DECL
3109 		  && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (target_decl))
3110 		binding->type = NULL_TREE;
3111 	    }
3112 	}
3113       else if (TREE_CODE (target_decl) == OVERLOAD
3114 	       && is_overloaded_fn (target_bval))
3115 	old_decl = bval;
3116       else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == USING_DECL
3117 	       && TREE_CODE (bval) == USING_DECL
3118 	       && same_type_p (USING_DECL_SCOPE (decl),
3119 			       USING_DECL_SCOPE (bval)))
3120 	/* This is a using redeclaration that will be diagnosed later
3121 	   in supplement_binding */
3122 	;
3123       else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == USING_DECL
3124 	       && TREE_CODE (bval) == USING_DECL
3125 	       && DECL_DEPENDENT_P (decl)
3126 	       && DECL_DEPENDENT_P (bval))
3127 	return true;
3128       else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == USING_DECL
3129 	       && is_overloaded_fn (target_bval))
3130 	old_decl = bval;
3131       else if (TREE_CODE (bval) == USING_DECL
3132 	       && is_overloaded_fn (target_decl))
3133 	return true;
3134 
3135       if (old_decl && binding->scope == class_binding_level)
3136 	{
3137 	  binding->value = x;
3138 	  /* It is always safe to clear INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P
3139 	     here.  This function is only used to register bindings
3140 	     from with the class definition itself.  */
3141 	  INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (binding) = 0;
3142 	  return true;
3143 	}
3144     }
3145 
3146   /* Note that we declared this value so that we can issue an error if
3147      this is an invalid redeclaration of a name already used for some
3148      other purpose.  */
3149   note_name_declared_in_class (name, decl);
3150 
3151   /* If we didn't replace an existing binding, put the binding on the
3152      stack of bindings for the identifier, and update the shadowed
3153      list.  */
3154   if (binding && binding->scope == class_binding_level)
3155     /* Supplement the existing binding.  */
3156     ok = supplement_binding (binding, decl);
3157   else
3158     {
3159       /* Create a new binding.  */
3160       push_binding (name, decl, class_binding_level);
3161       ok = true;
3162     }
3163 
3164   return ok;
3165 }
3166 
3167 /* Wrapper for push_class_level_binding_1.  */
3168 
3169 bool
3170 push_class_level_binding (tree name, tree x)
3171 {
3172   bool ret;
3173   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3174   ret = push_class_level_binding_1 (name, x);
3175   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3176   return ret;
3177 }
3178 
3179 /* Process "using SCOPE::NAME" in a class scope.  Return the
3180    USING_DECL created.  */
3181 
3182 tree
3183 do_class_using_decl (tree scope, tree name)
3184 {
3185   /* The USING_DECL returned by this function.  */
3186   tree value;
3187   /* The declaration (or declarations) name by this using
3188      declaration.  NULL if we are in a template and cannot figure out
3189      what has been named.  */
3190   tree decl;
3191   /* True if SCOPE is a dependent type.  */
3192   bool scope_dependent_p;
3193   /* True if SCOPE::NAME is dependent.  */
3194   bool name_dependent_p;
3195   /* True if any of the bases of CURRENT_CLASS_TYPE are dependent.  */
3196   bool bases_dependent_p;
3197   tree binfo;
3198   tree base_binfo;
3199   int i;
3200 
3201   if (name == error_mark_node)
3202     return NULL_TREE;
3203 
3204   if (!scope || !TYPE_P (scope))
3205     {
3206       error ("using-declaration for non-member at class scope");
3207       return NULL_TREE;
3208     }
3209 
3210   /* Make sure the name is not invalid */
3211   if (TREE_CODE (name) == BIT_NOT_EXPR)
3212     {
3213       error ("%<%T::%D%> names destructor", scope, name);
3214       return NULL_TREE;
3215     }
3216   if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (scope) && constructor_name_p (name, scope))
3217     {
3218       error ("%<%T::%D%> names constructor", scope, name);
3219       return NULL_TREE;
3220     }
3221   if (constructor_name_p (name, current_class_type))
3222     {
3223       error ("%<%T::%D%> names constructor in %qT",
3224 	     scope, name, current_class_type);
3225       return NULL_TREE;
3226     }
3227 
3228   scope_dependent_p = dependent_scope_p (scope);
3229   name_dependent_p = (scope_dependent_p
3230 		      || (IDENTIFIER_TYPENAME_P (name)
3231 			  && dependent_type_p (TREE_TYPE (name))));
3232 
3233   bases_dependent_p = false;
3234   if (processing_template_decl)
3235     for (binfo = TYPE_BINFO (current_class_type), i = 0;
3236 	 BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (binfo, i, base_binfo);
3237 	 i++)
3238       if (dependent_type_p (TREE_TYPE (base_binfo)))
3239 	{
3240 	  bases_dependent_p = true;
3241 	  break;
3242 	}
3243 
3244   decl = NULL_TREE;
3245 
3246   /* From [namespace.udecl]:
3247 
3248        A using-declaration used as a member-declaration shall refer to a
3249        member of a base class of the class being defined.
3250 
3251      In general, we cannot check this constraint in a template because
3252      we do not know the entire set of base classes of the current
3253      class type. Morover, if SCOPE is dependent, it might match a
3254      non-dependent base.  */
3255 
3256   if (!scope_dependent_p)
3257     {
3258       base_kind b_kind;
3259       binfo = lookup_base (current_class_type, scope, ba_any, &b_kind);
3260       if (b_kind < bk_proper_base)
3261 	{
3262 	  if (!bases_dependent_p)
3263 	    {
3264 	      error_not_base_type (scope, current_class_type);
3265 	      return NULL_TREE;
3266 	    }
3267 	}
3268       else if (!name_dependent_p)
3269 	{
3270 	  decl = lookup_member (binfo, name, 0, false, tf_warning_or_error);
3271 	  if (!decl)
3272 	    {
3273 	      error ("no members matching %<%T::%D%> in %q#T", scope, name,
3274 		     scope);
3275 	      return NULL_TREE;
3276 	    }
3277 	  /* The binfo from which the functions came does not matter.  */
3278 	  if (BASELINK_P (decl))
3279 	    decl = BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (decl);
3280 	}
3281     }
3282 
3283   value = build_lang_decl (USING_DECL, name, NULL_TREE);
3284   USING_DECL_DECLS (value) = decl;
3285   USING_DECL_SCOPE (value) = scope;
3286   DECL_DEPENDENT_P (value) = !decl;
3287 
3288   return value;
3289 }
3290 
3291 
3292 /* Return the binding value for name in scope.  */
3293 
3294 
3295 static tree
3296 namespace_binding_1 (tree name, tree scope)
3297 {
3298   cxx_binding *binding;
3299 
3300   if (SCOPE_FILE_SCOPE_P (scope))
3301     scope = global_namespace;
3302   else
3303     /* Unnecessary for the global namespace because it can't be an alias. */
3304     scope = ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (scope);
3305 
3306   binding = cp_binding_level_find_binding_for_name (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (scope), name);
3307 
3308   return binding ? binding->value : NULL_TREE;
3309 }
3310 
3311 tree
3312 namespace_binding (tree name, tree scope)
3313 {
3314   tree ret;
3315   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3316   ret = namespace_binding_1 (name, scope);
3317   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3318   return ret;
3319 }
3320 
3321 /* Set the binding value for name in scope.  */
3322 
3323 static void
3324 set_namespace_binding_1 (tree name, tree scope, tree val)
3325 {
3326   cxx_binding *b;
3327 
3328   if (scope == NULL_TREE)
3329     scope = global_namespace;
3330   b = binding_for_name (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (scope), name);
3331   if (!b->value || TREE_CODE (val) == OVERLOAD || val == error_mark_node)
3332     b->value = val;
3333   else
3334     supplement_binding (b, val);
3335 }
3336 
3337 /* Wrapper for set_namespace_binding_1.  */
3338 
3339 void
3340 set_namespace_binding (tree name, tree scope, tree val)
3341 {
3342   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3343   set_namespace_binding_1 (name, scope, val);
3344   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3345 }
3346 
3347 /* Set the context of a declaration to scope. Complain if we are not
3348    outside scope.  */
3349 
3350 void
3351 set_decl_namespace (tree decl, tree scope, bool friendp)
3352 {
3353   tree old;
3354 
3355   /* Get rid of namespace aliases.  */
3356   scope = ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (scope);
3357 
3358   /* It is ok for friends to be qualified in parallel space.  */
3359   if (!friendp && !is_ancestor (current_namespace, scope))
3360     error ("declaration of %qD not in a namespace surrounding %qD",
3361 	   decl, scope);
3362   DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = FROB_CONTEXT (scope);
3363 
3364   /* Writing "int N::i" to declare a variable within "N" is invalid.  */
3365   if (scope == current_namespace)
3366     {
3367       if (at_namespace_scope_p ())
3368 	error ("explicit qualification in declaration of %qD",
3369 	       decl);
3370       return;
3371     }
3372 
3373   /* See whether this has been declared in the namespace.  */
3374   old = lookup_qualified_name (scope, DECL_NAME (decl), false, true);
3375   if (old == error_mark_node)
3376     /* No old declaration at all.  */
3377     goto complain;
3378   /* If it's a TREE_LIST, the result of the lookup was ambiguous.  */
3379   if (TREE_CODE (old) == TREE_LIST)
3380     {
3381       error ("reference to %qD is ambiguous", decl);
3382       print_candidates (old);
3383       return;
3384     }
3385   if (!is_overloaded_fn (decl))
3386     {
3387       /* We might have found OLD in an inline namespace inside SCOPE.  */
3388       if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TREE_CODE (old))
3389 	DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = DECL_CONTEXT (old);
3390       /* Don't compare non-function decls with decls_match here, since
3391 	 it can't check for the correct constness at this
3392 	 point. pushdecl will find those errors later.  */
3393       return;
3394     }
3395   /* Since decl is a function, old should contain a function decl.  */
3396   if (!is_overloaded_fn (old))
3397     goto complain;
3398   /* A template can be explicitly specialized in any namespace.  */
3399   if (processing_explicit_instantiation)
3400     return;
3401   if (processing_template_decl || processing_specialization)
3402     /* We have not yet called push_template_decl to turn a
3403        FUNCTION_DECL into a TEMPLATE_DECL, so the declarations won't
3404        match.  But, we'll check later, when we construct the
3405        template.  */
3406     return;
3407   /* Instantiations or specializations of templates may be declared as
3408      friends in any namespace.  */
3409   if (friendp && DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (decl))
3410     return;
3411   if (is_overloaded_fn (old))
3412     {
3413       tree found = NULL_TREE;
3414       tree elt = old;
3415       for (; elt; elt = OVL_NEXT (elt))
3416 	{
3417 	  tree ofn = OVL_CURRENT (elt);
3418 	  /* Adjust DECL_CONTEXT first so decls_match will return true
3419 	     if DECL will match a declaration in an inline namespace.  */
3420 	  DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = DECL_CONTEXT (ofn);
3421 	  if (decls_match (decl, ofn))
3422 	    {
3423 	      if (found && !decls_match (found, ofn))
3424 		{
3425 		  DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = FROB_CONTEXT (scope);
3426 		  error ("reference to %qD is ambiguous", decl);
3427 		  print_candidates (old);
3428 		  return;
3429 		}
3430 	      found = ofn;
3431 	    }
3432 	}
3433       if (found)
3434 	{
3435 	  if (!is_associated_namespace (scope, CP_DECL_CONTEXT (found)))
3436 	    goto complain;
3437 	  DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = DECL_CONTEXT (found);
3438 	  return;
3439 	}
3440     }
3441   else
3442     {
3443       DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = DECL_CONTEXT (old);
3444       if (decls_match (decl, old))
3445 	return;
3446     }
3447 
3448   /* It didn't work, go back to the explicit scope.  */
3449   DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = FROB_CONTEXT (scope);
3450  complain:
3451   error ("%qD should have been declared inside %qD", decl, scope);
3452 }
3453 
3454 /* Return the namespace where the current declaration is declared.  */
3455 
3456 tree
3457 current_decl_namespace (void)
3458 {
3459   tree result;
3460   /* If we have been pushed into a different namespace, use it.  */
3461   if (!VEC_empty (tree, decl_namespace_list))
3462     return VEC_last (tree, decl_namespace_list);
3463 
3464   if (current_class_type)
3465     result = decl_namespace_context (current_class_type);
3466   else if (current_function_decl)
3467     result = decl_namespace_context (current_function_decl);
3468   else
3469     result = current_namespace;
3470   return result;
3471 }
3472 
3473 /* Process any ATTRIBUTES on a namespace definition.  Currently only
3474    attribute visibility is meaningful, which is a property of the syntactic
3475    block rather than the namespace as a whole, so we don't touch the
3476    NAMESPACE_DECL at all.  Returns true if attribute visibility is seen.  */
3477 
3478 bool
3479 handle_namespace_attrs (tree ns, tree attributes)
3480 {
3481   tree d;
3482   bool saw_vis = false;
3483 
3484   for (d = attributes; d; d = TREE_CHAIN (d))
3485     {
3486       tree name = TREE_PURPOSE (d);
3487       tree args = TREE_VALUE (d);
3488 
3489       if (is_attribute_p ("visibility", name))
3490 	{
3491 	  tree x = args ? TREE_VALUE (args) : NULL_TREE;
3492 	  if (x == NULL_TREE || TREE_CODE (x) != STRING_CST || TREE_CHAIN (args))
3493 	    {
3494 	      warning (OPT_Wattributes,
3495 		       "%qD attribute requires a single NTBS argument",
3496 		       name);
3497 	      continue;
3498 	    }
3499 
3500 	  if (!TREE_PUBLIC (ns))
3501 	    warning (OPT_Wattributes,
3502 		     "%qD attribute is meaningless since members of the "
3503 		     "anonymous namespace get local symbols", name);
3504 
3505 	  push_visibility (TREE_STRING_POINTER (x), 1);
3506 	  saw_vis = true;
3507 	}
3508       else
3509 	{
3510 	  warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qD attribute directive ignored",
3511 		   name);
3512 	  continue;
3513 	}
3514     }
3515 
3516   return saw_vis;
3517 }
3518 
3519 /* Push into the scope of the NAME namespace.  If NAME is NULL_TREE, then we
3520    select a name that is unique to this compilation unit.  */
3521 
3522 void
3523 push_namespace (tree name)
3524 {
3525   tree d = NULL_TREE;
3526   int need_new = 1;
3527   int implicit_use = 0;
3528   bool anon = !name;
3529 
3530   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3531 
3532   /* We should not get here if the global_namespace is not yet constructed
3533      nor if NAME designates the global namespace:  The global scope is
3534      constructed elsewhere.  */
3535   gcc_assert (global_namespace != NULL && name != global_scope_name);
3536 
3537   if (anon)
3538     {
3539       name = get_anonymous_namespace_name();
3540       d = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (name);
3541       if (d)
3542 	/* Reopening anonymous namespace.  */
3543 	need_new = 0;
3544       implicit_use = 1;
3545     }
3546   else
3547     {
3548       /* Check whether this is an extended namespace definition.  */
3549       d = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (name);
3550       if (d != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (d) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
3551 	{
3552 	  need_new = 0;
3553 	  if (DECL_NAMESPACE_ALIAS (d))
3554 	    {
3555 	      error ("namespace alias %qD not allowed here, assuming %qD",
3556 		     d, DECL_NAMESPACE_ALIAS (d));
3557 	      d = DECL_NAMESPACE_ALIAS (d);
3558 	    }
3559 	}
3560     }
3561 
3562   if (need_new)
3563     {
3564       /* Make a new namespace, binding the name to it.  */
3565       d = build_lang_decl (NAMESPACE_DECL, name, void_type_node);
3566       DECL_CONTEXT (d) = FROB_CONTEXT (current_namespace);
3567       /* The name of this namespace is not visible to other translation
3568 	 units if it is an anonymous namespace or member thereof.  */
3569       if (anon || decl_anon_ns_mem_p (current_namespace))
3570 	TREE_PUBLIC (d) = 0;
3571       else
3572 	TREE_PUBLIC (d) = 1;
3573       pushdecl (d);
3574       if (anon)
3575 	{
3576 	  /* Clear DECL_NAME for the benefit of debugging back ends.  */
3577 	  SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (d, name);
3578 	  DECL_NAME (d) = NULL_TREE;
3579 	}
3580       begin_scope (sk_namespace, d);
3581     }
3582   else
3583     resume_scope (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (d));
3584 
3585   if (implicit_use)
3586     do_using_directive (d);
3587   /* Enter the name space.  */
3588   current_namespace = d;
3589 
3590   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3591 }
3592 
3593 /* Pop from the scope of the current namespace.  */
3594 
3595 void
3596 pop_namespace (void)
3597 {
3598   gcc_assert (current_namespace != global_namespace);
3599   current_namespace = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (current_namespace);
3600   /* The binding level is not popped, as it might be re-opened later.  */
3601   leave_scope ();
3602 }
3603 
3604 /* Push into the scope of the namespace NS, even if it is deeply
3605    nested within another namespace.  */
3606 
3607 void
3608 push_nested_namespace (tree ns)
3609 {
3610   if (ns == global_namespace)
3611     push_to_top_level ();
3612   else
3613     {
3614       push_nested_namespace (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (ns));
3615       push_namespace (DECL_NAME (ns));
3616     }
3617 }
3618 
3619 /* Pop back from the scope of the namespace NS, which was previously
3620    entered with push_nested_namespace.  */
3621 
3622 void
3623 pop_nested_namespace (tree ns)
3624 {
3625   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3626   gcc_assert (current_namespace == ns);
3627   while (ns != global_namespace)
3628     {
3629       pop_namespace ();
3630       ns = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (ns);
3631     }
3632 
3633   pop_from_top_level ();
3634   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3635 }
3636 
3637 /* Temporarily set the namespace for the current declaration.  */
3638 
3639 void
3640 push_decl_namespace (tree decl)
3641 {
3642   if (TREE_CODE (decl) != NAMESPACE_DECL)
3643     decl = decl_namespace_context (decl);
3644   VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, decl_namespace_list, ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (decl));
3645 }
3646 
3647 /* [namespace.memdef]/2 */
3648 
3649 void
3650 pop_decl_namespace (void)
3651 {
3652   VEC_pop (tree, decl_namespace_list);
3653 }
3654 
3655 /* Return the namespace that is the common ancestor
3656    of two given namespaces.  */
3657 
3658 static tree
3659 namespace_ancestor_1 (tree ns1, tree ns2)
3660 {
3661   tree nsr;
3662   if (is_ancestor (ns1, ns2))
3663     nsr = ns1;
3664   else
3665     nsr = namespace_ancestor_1 (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (ns1), ns2);
3666   return nsr;
3667 }
3668 
3669 /* Wrapper for namespace_ancestor_1.  */
3670 
3671 static tree
3672 namespace_ancestor (tree ns1, tree ns2)
3673 {
3674   tree nsr;
3675   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3676   nsr = namespace_ancestor_1 (ns1, ns2);
3677   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3678   return nsr;
3679 }
3680 
3681 /* Process a namespace-alias declaration.  */
3682 
3683 void
3684 do_namespace_alias (tree alias, tree name_space)
3685 {
3686   if (name_space == error_mark_node)
3687     return;
3688 
3689   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (name_space) == NAMESPACE_DECL);
3690 
3691   name_space = ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (name_space);
3692 
3693   /* Build the alias.  */
3694   alias = build_lang_decl (NAMESPACE_DECL, alias, void_type_node);
3695   DECL_NAMESPACE_ALIAS (alias) = name_space;
3696   DECL_EXTERNAL (alias) = 1;
3697   DECL_CONTEXT (alias) = FROB_CONTEXT (current_scope ());
3698   pushdecl (alias);
3699 
3700   /* Emit debug info for namespace alias.  */
3701   if (!building_stmt_list_p ())
3702     (*debug_hooks->global_decl) (alias);
3703 }
3704 
3705 /* Like pushdecl, only it places X in the current namespace,
3706    if appropriate.  */
3707 
3708 tree
3709 pushdecl_namespace_level (tree x, bool is_friend)
3710 {
3711   cp_binding_level *b = current_binding_level;
3712   tree t;
3713 
3714   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3715   t = pushdecl_with_scope (x, NAMESPACE_LEVEL (current_namespace), is_friend);
3716 
3717   /* Now, the type_shadowed stack may screw us.  Munge it so it does
3718      what we want.  */
3719   if (TREE_CODE (t) == TYPE_DECL)
3720     {
3721       tree name = DECL_NAME (t);
3722       tree newval;
3723       tree *ptr = (tree *)0;
3724       for (; !global_scope_p (b); b = b->level_chain)
3725 	{
3726 	  tree shadowed = b->type_shadowed;
3727 	  for (; shadowed; shadowed = TREE_CHAIN (shadowed))
3728 	    if (TREE_PURPOSE (shadowed) == name)
3729 	      {
3730 		ptr = &TREE_VALUE (shadowed);
3731 		/* Can't break out of the loop here because sometimes
3732 		   a binding level will have duplicate bindings for
3733 		   PT names.  It's gross, but I haven't time to fix it.  */
3734 	      }
3735 	}
3736       newval = TREE_TYPE (t);
3737       if (ptr == (tree *)0)
3738 	{
3739 	  /* @@ This shouldn't be needed.  My test case "zstring.cc" trips
3740 	     up here if this is changed to an assertion.  --KR  */
3741 	  SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (name, t);
3742 	}
3743       else
3744 	{
3745 	  *ptr = newval;
3746 	}
3747     }
3748   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3749   return t;
3750 }
3751 
3752 /* Insert USED into the using list of USER. Set INDIRECT_flag if this
3753    directive is not directly from the source. Also find the common
3754    ancestor and let our users know about the new namespace */
3755 
3756 static void
3757 add_using_namespace_1 (tree user, tree used, bool indirect)
3758 {
3759   tree t;
3760   /* Using oneself is a no-op.  */
3761   if (user == used)
3762     return;
3763   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (user) == NAMESPACE_DECL);
3764   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (used) == NAMESPACE_DECL);
3765   /* Check if we already have this.  */
3766   t = purpose_member (used, DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (user));
3767   if (t != NULL_TREE)
3768     {
3769       if (!indirect)
3770 	/* Promote to direct usage.  */
3771 	TREE_INDIRECT_USING (t) = 0;
3772       return;
3773     }
3774 
3775   /* Add used to the user's using list.  */
3776   DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (user)
3777     = tree_cons (used, namespace_ancestor (user, used),
3778 		 DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (user));
3779 
3780   TREE_INDIRECT_USING (DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (user)) = indirect;
3781 
3782   /* Add user to the used's users list.  */
3783   DECL_NAMESPACE_USERS (used)
3784     = tree_cons (user, 0, DECL_NAMESPACE_USERS (used));
3785 
3786   /* Recursively add all namespaces used.  */
3787   for (t = DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (used); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
3788     /* indirect usage */
3789     add_using_namespace_1 (user, TREE_PURPOSE (t), 1);
3790 
3791   /* Tell everyone using us about the new used namespaces.  */
3792   for (t = DECL_NAMESPACE_USERS (user); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
3793     add_using_namespace_1 (TREE_PURPOSE (t), used, 1);
3794 }
3795 
3796 /* Wrapper for add_using_namespace_1.  */
3797 
3798 static void
3799 add_using_namespace (tree user, tree used, bool indirect)
3800 {
3801   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3802   add_using_namespace_1 (user, used, indirect);
3803   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3804 }
3805 
3806 /* Process a using-declaration not appearing in class or local scope.  */
3807 
3808 void
3809 do_toplevel_using_decl (tree decl, tree scope, tree name)
3810 {
3811   tree oldval, oldtype, newval, newtype;
3812   tree orig_decl = decl;
3813   cxx_binding *binding;
3814 
3815   decl = validate_nonmember_using_decl (decl, scope, name);
3816   if (decl == NULL_TREE)
3817     return;
3818 
3819   binding = binding_for_name (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (current_namespace), name);
3820 
3821   oldval = binding->value;
3822   oldtype = binding->type;
3823 
3824   do_nonmember_using_decl (scope, name, oldval, oldtype, &newval, &newtype);
3825 
3826   /* Emit debug info.  */
3827   if (!processing_template_decl)
3828     cp_emit_debug_info_for_using (orig_decl, current_namespace);
3829 
3830   /* Copy declarations found.  */
3831   if (newval)
3832     binding->value = newval;
3833   if (newtype)
3834     binding->type = newtype;
3835 }
3836 
3837 /* Process a using-directive.  */
3838 
3839 void
3840 do_using_directive (tree name_space)
3841 {
3842   tree context = NULL_TREE;
3843 
3844   if (name_space == error_mark_node)
3845     return;
3846 
3847   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (name_space) == NAMESPACE_DECL);
3848 
3849   if (building_stmt_list_p ())
3850     add_stmt (build_stmt (input_location, USING_STMT, name_space));
3851   name_space = ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (name_space);
3852 
3853   if (!toplevel_bindings_p ())
3854     {
3855       push_using_directive (name_space);
3856     }
3857   else
3858     {
3859       /* direct usage */
3860       add_using_namespace (current_namespace, name_space, 0);
3861       if (current_namespace != global_namespace)
3862 	context = current_namespace;
3863 
3864       /* Emit debugging info.  */
3865       if (!processing_template_decl)
3866 	(*debug_hooks->imported_module_or_decl) (name_space, NULL_TREE,
3867 						 context, false);
3868     }
3869 }
3870 
3871 /* Deal with a using-directive seen by the parser.  Currently we only
3872    handle attributes here, since they cannot appear inside a template.  */
3873 
3874 void
3875 parse_using_directive (tree name_space, tree attribs)
3876 {
3877   tree a;
3878 
3879   do_using_directive (name_space);
3880 
3881   for (a = attribs; a; a = TREE_CHAIN (a))
3882     {
3883       tree name = TREE_PURPOSE (a);
3884       if (is_attribute_p ("strong", name))
3885 	{
3886 	  if (!toplevel_bindings_p ())
3887 	    error ("strong using only meaningful at namespace scope");
3888 	  else if (name_space != error_mark_node)
3889 	    {
3890 	      if (!is_ancestor (current_namespace, name_space))
3891 		error ("current namespace %qD does not enclose strongly used namespace %qD",
3892 		       current_namespace, name_space);
3893 	      DECL_NAMESPACE_ASSOCIATIONS (name_space)
3894 		= tree_cons (current_namespace, 0,
3895 			     DECL_NAMESPACE_ASSOCIATIONS (name_space));
3896 	    }
3897 	}
3898       else
3899 	warning (OPT_Wattributes, "%qD attribute directive ignored", name);
3900     }
3901 }
3902 
3903 /* Like pushdecl, only it places X in the global scope if appropriate.
3904    Calls cp_finish_decl to register the variable, initializing it with
3905    *INIT, if INIT is non-NULL.  */
3906 
3907 static tree
3908 pushdecl_top_level_1 (tree x, tree *init, bool is_friend)
3909 {
3910   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
3911   push_to_top_level ();
3912   x = pushdecl_namespace_level (x, is_friend);
3913   if (init)
3914     cp_finish_decl (x, *init, false, NULL_TREE, 0);
3915   pop_from_top_level ();
3916   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
3917   return x;
3918 }
3919 
3920 /* Like pushdecl, only it places X in the global scope if appropriate.  */
3921 
3922 tree
3923 pushdecl_top_level (tree x)
3924 {
3925   return pushdecl_top_level_1 (x, NULL, false);
3926 }
3927 
3928 /* Like pushdecl_top_level, but adding the IS_FRIEND parameter.  */
3929 
3930 tree
3931 pushdecl_top_level_maybe_friend (tree x, bool is_friend)
3932 {
3933   return pushdecl_top_level_1 (x, NULL, is_friend);
3934 }
3935 
3936 /* Like pushdecl, only it places X in the global scope if
3937    appropriate.  Calls cp_finish_decl to register the variable,
3938    initializing it with INIT.  */
3939 
3940 tree
3941 pushdecl_top_level_and_finish (tree x, tree init)
3942 {
3943   return pushdecl_top_level_1 (x, &init, false);
3944 }
3945 
3946 /* Combines two sets of overloaded functions into an OVERLOAD chain, removing
3947    duplicates.  The first list becomes the tail of the result.
3948 
3949    The algorithm is O(n^2).  We could get this down to O(n log n) by
3950    doing a sort on the addresses of the functions, if that becomes
3951    necessary.  */
3952 
3953 static tree
3954 merge_functions (tree s1, tree s2)
3955 {
3956   for (; s2; s2 = OVL_NEXT (s2))
3957     {
3958       tree fn2 = OVL_CURRENT (s2);
3959       tree fns1;
3960 
3961       for (fns1 = s1; fns1; fns1 = OVL_NEXT (fns1))
3962 	{
3963 	  tree fn1 = OVL_CURRENT (fns1);
3964 
3965 	  /* If the function from S2 is already in S1, there is no
3966 	     need to add it again.  For `extern "C"' functions, we
3967 	     might have two FUNCTION_DECLs for the same function, in
3968 	     different namespaces, but let's leave them in in case
3969 	     they have different default arguments.  */
3970 	  if (fn1 == fn2)
3971 	    break;
3972 	}
3973 
3974       /* If we exhausted all of the functions in S1, FN2 is new.  */
3975       if (!fns1)
3976 	s1 = build_overload (fn2, s1);
3977     }
3978   return s1;
3979 }
3980 
3981 /* Returns TRUE iff OLD and NEW are the same entity.
3982 
3983    3 [basic]/3: An entity is a value, object, reference, function,
3984    enumerator, type, class member, template, template specialization,
3985    namespace, parameter pack, or this.
3986 
3987    7.3.4 [namespace.udir]/4: If name lookup finds a declaration for a name
3988    in two different namespaces, and the declarations do not declare the
3989    same entity and do not declare functions, the use of the name is
3990    ill-formed.  */
3991 
3992 static bool
3993 same_entity_p (tree one, tree two)
3994 {
3995   if (one == two)
3996     return true;
3997   if (!one || !two)
3998     return false;
3999   if (TREE_CODE (one) == TYPE_DECL
4000       && TREE_CODE (two) == TYPE_DECL
4001       && same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (one), TREE_TYPE (two)))
4002     return true;
4003   return false;
4004 }
4005 
4006 /* This should return an error not all definitions define functions.
4007    It is not an error if we find two functions with exactly the
4008    same signature, only if these are selected in overload resolution.
4009    old is the current set of bindings, new_binding the freshly-found binding.
4010    XXX Do we want to give *all* candidates in case of ambiguity?
4011    XXX In what way should I treat extern declarations?
4012    XXX I don't want to repeat the entire duplicate_decls here */
4013 
4014 static void
4015 ambiguous_decl (struct scope_binding *old, cxx_binding *new_binding, int flags)
4016 {
4017   tree val, type;
4018   gcc_assert (old != NULL);
4019 
4020   /* Copy the type.  */
4021   type = new_binding->type;
4022   if (LOOKUP_NAMESPACES_ONLY (flags)
4023       || (type && hidden_name_p (type) && !(flags & LOOKUP_HIDDEN)))
4024     type = NULL_TREE;
4025 
4026   /* Copy the value.  */
4027   val = new_binding->value;
4028   if (val)
4029     {
4030       if (hidden_name_p (val) && !(flags & LOOKUP_HIDDEN))
4031 	val = NULL_TREE;
4032       else
4033 	switch (TREE_CODE (val))
4034 	  {
4035 	  case TEMPLATE_DECL:
4036 	    /* If we expect types or namespaces, and not templates,
4037 	       or this is not a template class.  */
4038 	    if ((LOOKUP_QUALIFIERS_ONLY (flags)
4039 		 && !DECL_CLASS_TEMPLATE_P (val)))
4040 	      val = NULL_TREE;
4041 	    break;
4042 	  case TYPE_DECL:
4043 	    if (LOOKUP_NAMESPACES_ONLY (flags)
4044 		|| (type && (flags & LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES)))
4045 	      val = NULL_TREE;
4046 	    break;
4047 	  case NAMESPACE_DECL:
4048 	    if (LOOKUP_TYPES_ONLY (flags))
4049 	      val = NULL_TREE;
4050 	    break;
4051 	  case FUNCTION_DECL:
4052 	    /* Ignore built-in functions that are still anticipated.  */
4053 	    if (LOOKUP_QUALIFIERS_ONLY (flags))
4054 	      val = NULL_TREE;
4055 	    break;
4056 	  default:
4057 	    if (LOOKUP_QUALIFIERS_ONLY (flags))
4058 	      val = NULL_TREE;
4059 	  }
4060     }
4061 
4062   /* If val is hidden, shift down any class or enumeration name.  */
4063   if (!val)
4064     {
4065       val = type;
4066       type = NULL_TREE;
4067     }
4068 
4069   if (!old->value)
4070     old->value = val;
4071   else if (val && !same_entity_p (val, old->value))
4072     {
4073       if (is_overloaded_fn (old->value) && is_overloaded_fn (val))
4074 	old->value = merge_functions (old->value, val);
4075       else
4076 	{
4077 	  old->value = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, old->value,
4078 				  build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, val));
4079 	  TREE_TYPE (old->value) = error_mark_node;
4080 	}
4081     }
4082 
4083   if (!old->type)
4084     old->type = type;
4085   else if (type && old->type != type)
4086     {
4087       old->type = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, old->type,
4088 			     build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, type));
4089       TREE_TYPE (old->type) = error_mark_node;
4090     }
4091 }
4092 
4093 /* Return the declarations that are members of the namespace NS.  */
4094 
4095 tree
4096 cp_namespace_decls (tree ns)
4097 {
4098   return NAMESPACE_LEVEL (ns)->names;
4099 }
4100 
4101 /* Combine prefer_type and namespaces_only into flags.  */
4102 
4103 static int
4104 lookup_flags (int prefer_type, int namespaces_only)
4105 {
4106   if (namespaces_only)
4107     return LOOKUP_PREFER_NAMESPACES;
4108   if (prefer_type > 1)
4109     return LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES;
4110   if (prefer_type > 0)
4111     return LOOKUP_PREFER_BOTH;
4112   return 0;
4113 }
4114 
4115 /* Given a lookup that returned VAL, use FLAGS to decide if we want to
4116    ignore it or not.  Subroutine of lookup_name_real and
4117    lookup_type_scope.  */
4118 
4119 static bool
4120 qualify_lookup (tree val, int flags)
4121 {
4122   if (val == NULL_TREE)
4123     return false;
4124   if ((flags & LOOKUP_PREFER_NAMESPACES) && TREE_CODE (val) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
4125     return true;
4126   if (flags & LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES)
4127     {
4128       tree target_val = strip_using_decl (val);
4129       if (TREE_CODE (target_val) == TYPE_DECL
4130 	  || TREE_CODE (target_val) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
4131 	return true;
4132     }
4133   if (flags & (LOOKUP_PREFER_NAMESPACES | LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES))
4134     return false;
4135   /* Look through lambda things that we shouldn't be able to see.  */
4136   if (is_lambda_ignored_entity (val))
4137     return false;
4138   return true;
4139 }
4140 
4141 /* Given a lookup that returned VAL, decide if we want to ignore it or
4142    not based on DECL_ANTICIPATED.  */
4143 
4144 bool
4145 hidden_name_p (tree val)
4146 {
4147   if (DECL_P (val)
4148       && DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (val)
4149       && DECL_ANTICIPATED (val))
4150     return true;
4151   return false;
4152 }
4153 
4154 /* Remove any hidden friend functions from a possibly overloaded set
4155    of functions.  */
4156 
4157 tree
4158 remove_hidden_names (tree fns)
4159 {
4160   if (!fns)
4161     return fns;
4162 
4163   if (TREE_CODE (fns) == FUNCTION_DECL && hidden_name_p (fns))
4164     fns = NULL_TREE;
4165   else if (TREE_CODE (fns) == OVERLOAD)
4166     {
4167       tree o;
4168 
4169       for (o = fns; o; o = OVL_NEXT (o))
4170 	if (hidden_name_p (OVL_CURRENT (o)))
4171 	  break;
4172       if (o)
4173 	{
4174 	  tree n = NULL_TREE;
4175 
4176 	  for (o = fns; o; o = OVL_NEXT (o))
4177 	    if (!hidden_name_p (OVL_CURRENT (o)))
4178 	      n = build_overload (OVL_CURRENT (o), n);
4179 	  fns = n;
4180 	}
4181     }
4182 
4183   return fns;
4184 }
4185 
4186 /* Suggest alternatives for NAME, an IDENTIFIER_NODE for which name
4187    lookup failed.  Search through all available namespaces and print out
4188    possible candidates.  */
4189 
4190 void
4191 suggest_alternatives_for (location_t location, tree name)
4192 {
4193   VEC(tree,heap) *candidates = NULL;
4194   VEC(tree,heap) *namespaces_to_search = NULL;
4195   int max_to_search = PARAM_VALUE (CXX_MAX_NAMESPACES_FOR_DIAGNOSTIC_HELP);
4196   int n_searched = 0;
4197   tree t;
4198   unsigned ix;
4199 
4200   VEC_safe_push (tree, heap, namespaces_to_search, global_namespace);
4201 
4202   while (!VEC_empty (tree, namespaces_to_search)
4203 	 && n_searched < max_to_search)
4204     {
4205       tree scope = VEC_pop (tree, namespaces_to_search);
4206       struct scope_binding binding = EMPTY_SCOPE_BINDING;
4207       cp_binding_level *level = NAMESPACE_LEVEL (scope);
4208 
4209       /* Look in this namespace.  */
4210       qualified_lookup_using_namespace (name, scope, &binding, 0);
4211 
4212       n_searched++;
4213 
4214       if (binding.value)
4215 	VEC_safe_push (tree, heap, candidates, binding.value);
4216 
4217       /* Add child namespaces.  */
4218       for (t = level->namespaces; t; t = DECL_CHAIN (t))
4219 	VEC_safe_push (tree, heap, namespaces_to_search, t);
4220     }
4221 
4222   /* If we stopped before we could examine all namespaces, inform the
4223      user.  Do this even if we don't have any candidates, since there
4224      might be more candidates further down that we weren't able to
4225      find.  */
4226   if (n_searched >= max_to_search
4227       && !VEC_empty (tree, namespaces_to_search))
4228     inform (location,
4229 	    "maximum limit of %d namespaces searched for %qE",
4230 	    max_to_search, name);
4231 
4232   VEC_free (tree, heap, namespaces_to_search);
4233 
4234   /* Nothing useful to report.  */
4235   if (VEC_empty (tree, candidates))
4236     return;
4237 
4238   inform_n (location, VEC_length (tree, candidates),
4239 	    "suggested alternative:",
4240 	    "suggested alternatives:");
4241 
4242   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree, candidates, ix, t)
4243     inform (location_of (t), "  %qE", t);
4244 
4245   VEC_free (tree, heap, candidates);
4246 }
4247 
4248 /* Unscoped lookup of a global: iterate over current namespaces,
4249    considering using-directives.  */
4250 
4251 static tree
4252 unqualified_namespace_lookup_1 (tree name, int flags)
4253 {
4254   tree initial = current_decl_namespace ();
4255   tree scope = initial;
4256   tree siter;
4257   cp_binding_level *level;
4258   tree val = NULL_TREE;
4259 
4260   for (; !val; scope = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (scope))
4261     {
4262       struct scope_binding binding = EMPTY_SCOPE_BINDING;
4263       cxx_binding *b =
4264 	 cp_binding_level_find_binding_for_name (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (scope), name);
4265 
4266       if (b)
4267 	ambiguous_decl (&binding, b, flags);
4268 
4269       /* Add all _DECLs seen through local using-directives.  */
4270       for (level = current_binding_level;
4271 	   level->kind != sk_namespace;
4272 	   level = level->level_chain)
4273 	if (!lookup_using_namespace (name, &binding, level->using_directives,
4274 				     scope, flags))
4275 	  /* Give up because of error.  */
4276 	  return error_mark_node;
4277 
4278       /* Add all _DECLs seen through global using-directives.  */
4279       /* XXX local and global using lists should work equally.  */
4280       siter = initial;
4281       while (1)
4282 	{
4283 	  if (!lookup_using_namespace (name, &binding,
4284 				       DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (siter),
4285 				       scope, flags))
4286 	    /* Give up because of error.  */
4287 	    return error_mark_node;
4288 	  if (siter == scope) break;
4289 	  siter = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (siter);
4290 	}
4291 
4292       val = binding.value;
4293       if (scope == global_namespace)
4294 	break;
4295     }
4296   return val;
4297 }
4298 
4299 /* Wrapper for unqualified_namespace_lookup_1.  */
4300 
4301 static tree
4302 unqualified_namespace_lookup (tree name, int flags)
4303 {
4304   tree ret;
4305   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4306   ret = unqualified_namespace_lookup_1 (name, flags);
4307   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
4308   return ret;
4309 }
4310 
4311 /* Look up NAME (an IDENTIFIER_NODE) in SCOPE (either a NAMESPACE_DECL
4312    or a class TYPE).  If IS_TYPE_P is TRUE, then ignore non-type
4313    bindings.
4314 
4315    Returns a DECL (or OVERLOAD, or BASELINK) representing the
4316    declaration found.  If no suitable declaration can be found,
4317    ERROR_MARK_NODE is returned.  If COMPLAIN is true and SCOPE is
4318    neither a class-type nor a namespace a diagnostic is issued.  */
4319 
4320 tree
4321 lookup_qualified_name (tree scope, tree name, bool is_type_p, bool complain)
4322 {
4323   int flags = 0;
4324   tree t = NULL_TREE;
4325 
4326   if (TREE_CODE (scope) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
4327     {
4328       struct scope_binding binding = EMPTY_SCOPE_BINDING;
4329 
4330       flags |= LOOKUP_COMPLAIN;
4331       if (is_type_p)
4332 	flags |= LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES;
4333       if (qualified_lookup_using_namespace (name, scope, &binding, flags))
4334 	t = binding.value;
4335     }
4336   else if (cxx_dialect != cxx98 && TREE_CODE (scope) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
4337     t = lookup_enumerator (scope, name);
4338   else if (is_class_type (scope, complain))
4339     t = lookup_member (scope, name, 2, is_type_p, tf_warning_or_error);
4340 
4341   if (!t)
4342     return error_mark_node;
4343   return t;
4344 }
4345 
4346 /* Subroutine of unqualified_namespace_lookup:
4347    Add the bindings of NAME in used namespaces to VAL.
4348    We are currently looking for names in namespace SCOPE, so we
4349    look through USINGS for using-directives of namespaces
4350    which have SCOPE as a common ancestor with the current scope.
4351    Returns false on errors.  */
4352 
4353 static bool
4354 lookup_using_namespace (tree name, struct scope_binding *val,
4355 			tree usings, tree scope, int flags)
4356 {
4357   tree iter;
4358   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4359   /* Iterate over all used namespaces in current, searching for using
4360      directives of scope.  */
4361   for (iter = usings; iter; iter = TREE_CHAIN (iter))
4362     if (TREE_VALUE (iter) == scope)
4363       {
4364 	tree used = ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (TREE_PURPOSE (iter));
4365 	cxx_binding *val1 =
4366 	  cp_binding_level_find_binding_for_name (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (used), name);
4367 	/* Resolve ambiguities.  */
4368 	if (val1)
4369 	  ambiguous_decl (val, val1, flags);
4370       }
4371   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
4372   return val->value != error_mark_node;
4373 }
4374 
4375 /* Returns true iff VEC contains TARGET.  */
4376 
4377 static bool
4378 tree_vec_contains (VEC(tree,gc)* vec, tree target)
4379 {
4380   unsigned int i;
4381   tree elt;
4382   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree,vec,i,elt)
4383     if (elt == target)
4384       return true;
4385   return false;
4386 }
4387 
4388 /* [namespace.qual]
4389    Accepts the NAME to lookup and its qualifying SCOPE.
4390    Returns the name/type pair found into the cxx_binding *RESULT,
4391    or false on error.  */
4392 
4393 static bool
4394 qualified_lookup_using_namespace (tree name, tree scope,
4395 				  struct scope_binding *result, int flags)
4396 {
4397   /* Maintain a list of namespaces visited...  */
4398   VEC(tree,gc) *seen = NULL;
4399   VEC(tree,gc) *seen_inline = NULL;
4400   /* ... and a list of namespace yet to see.  */
4401   VEC(tree,gc) *todo = NULL;
4402   VEC(tree,gc) *todo_maybe = NULL;
4403   VEC(tree,gc) *todo_inline = NULL;
4404   tree usings;
4405   timevar_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4406   /* Look through namespace aliases.  */
4407   scope = ORIGINAL_NAMESPACE (scope);
4408 
4409   /* Algorithm: Starting with SCOPE, walk through the set of used
4410      namespaces.  For each used namespace, look through its inline
4411      namespace set for any bindings and usings.  If no bindings are
4412      found, add any usings seen to the set of used namespaces.  */
4413   VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, todo, scope);
4414 
4415   while (VEC_length (tree, todo))
4416     {
4417       bool found_here;
4418       scope = VEC_pop (tree, todo);
4419       if (tree_vec_contains (seen, scope))
4420 	continue;
4421       VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, seen, scope);
4422       VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, todo_inline, scope);
4423 
4424       found_here = false;
4425       while (VEC_length (tree, todo_inline))
4426 	{
4427 	  cxx_binding *binding;
4428 
4429 	  scope = VEC_pop (tree, todo_inline);
4430 	  if (tree_vec_contains (seen_inline, scope))
4431 	    continue;
4432 	  VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, seen_inline, scope);
4433 
4434 	  binding =
4435 	    cp_binding_level_find_binding_for_name (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (scope), name);
4436 	  if (binding)
4437 	    {
4438 	      found_here = true;
4439 	      ambiguous_decl (result, binding, flags);
4440 	    }
4441 
4442 	  for (usings = DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (scope); usings;
4443 	       usings = TREE_CHAIN (usings))
4444 	    if (!TREE_INDIRECT_USING (usings))
4445 	      {
4446 		if (is_associated_namespace (scope, TREE_PURPOSE (usings)))
4447 		  VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, todo_inline, TREE_PURPOSE (usings));
4448 		else
4449 		  VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, todo_maybe, TREE_PURPOSE (usings));
4450 	      }
4451 	}
4452 
4453       if (found_here)
4454 	VEC_truncate (tree, todo_maybe, 0);
4455       else
4456 	while (VEC_length (tree, todo_maybe))
4457 	  VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, todo, VEC_pop (tree, todo_maybe));
4458     }
4459   VEC_free (tree,gc,todo);
4460   VEC_free (tree,gc,todo_maybe);
4461   VEC_free (tree,gc,todo_inline);
4462   VEC_free (tree,gc,seen);
4463   VEC_free (tree,gc,seen_inline);
4464   timevar_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4465   return result->value != error_mark_node;
4466 }
4467 
4468 /* Subroutine of outer_binding.
4469 
4470    Returns TRUE if BINDING is a binding to a template parameter of
4471    SCOPE.  In that case SCOPE is the scope of a primary template
4472    parameter -- in the sense of G++, i.e, a template that has its own
4473    template header.
4474 
4475    Returns FALSE otherwise.  */
4476 
4477 static bool
4478 binding_to_template_parms_of_scope_p (cxx_binding *binding,
4479 				      cp_binding_level *scope)
4480 {
4481   tree binding_value;
4482 
4483   if (!binding || !scope)
4484     return false;
4485 
4486   binding_value = binding->value ?  binding->value : binding->type;
4487 
4488   return (scope
4489 	  && scope->this_entity
4490 	  && get_template_info (scope->this_entity)
4491 	  && PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (TI_TEMPLATE
4492 				 (get_template_info (scope->this_entity)))
4493 	  && parameter_of_template_p (binding_value,
4494 				      TI_TEMPLATE (get_template_info \
4495 						    (scope->this_entity))));
4496 }
4497 
4498 /* Return the innermost non-namespace binding for NAME from a scope
4499    containing BINDING, or, if BINDING is NULL, the current scope.
4500    Please note that for a given template, the template parameters are
4501    considered to be in the scope containing the current scope.
4502    If CLASS_P is false, then class bindings are ignored.  */
4503 
4504 cxx_binding *
4505 outer_binding (tree name,
4506 	       cxx_binding *binding,
4507 	       bool class_p)
4508 {
4509   cxx_binding *outer;
4510   cp_binding_level *scope;
4511   cp_binding_level *outer_scope;
4512 
4513   if (binding)
4514     {
4515       scope = binding->scope->level_chain;
4516       outer = binding->previous;
4517     }
4518   else
4519     {
4520       scope = current_binding_level;
4521       outer = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name);
4522     }
4523   outer_scope = outer ? outer->scope : NULL;
4524 
4525   /* Because we create class bindings lazily, we might be missing a
4526      class binding for NAME.  If there are any class binding levels
4527      between the LAST_BINDING_LEVEL and the scope in which OUTER was
4528      declared, we must lookup NAME in those class scopes.  */
4529   if (class_p)
4530     while (scope && scope != outer_scope && scope->kind != sk_namespace)
4531       {
4532 	if (scope->kind == sk_class)
4533 	  {
4534 	    cxx_binding *class_binding;
4535 
4536 	    class_binding = get_class_binding (name, scope);
4537 	    if (class_binding)
4538 	      {
4539 		/* Thread this new class-scope binding onto the
4540 		   IDENTIFIER_BINDING list so that future lookups
4541 		   find it quickly.  */
4542 		class_binding->previous = outer;
4543 		if (binding)
4544 		  binding->previous = class_binding;
4545 		else
4546 		  IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name) = class_binding;
4547 		return class_binding;
4548 	      }
4549 	  }
4550 	/* If we are in a member template, the template parms of the member
4551 	   template are considered to be inside the scope of the containing
4552 	   class, but within G++ the class bindings are all pushed between the
4553 	   template parms and the function body.  So if the outer binding is
4554 	   a template parm for the current scope, return it now rather than
4555 	   look for a class binding.  */
4556 	if (outer_scope && outer_scope->kind == sk_template_parms
4557 	    && binding_to_template_parms_of_scope_p (outer, scope))
4558 	  return outer;
4559 
4560 	scope = scope->level_chain;
4561       }
4562 
4563   return outer;
4564 }
4565 
4566 /* Return the innermost block-scope or class-scope value binding for
4567    NAME, or NULL_TREE if there is no such binding.  */
4568 
4569 tree
4570 innermost_non_namespace_value (tree name)
4571 {
4572   cxx_binding *binding;
4573   binding = outer_binding (name, /*binding=*/NULL, /*class_p=*/true);
4574   return binding ? binding->value : NULL_TREE;
4575 }
4576 
4577 /* Look up NAME in the current binding level and its superiors in the
4578    namespace of variables, functions and typedefs.  Return a ..._DECL
4579    node of some kind representing its definition if there is only one
4580    such declaration, or return a TREE_LIST with all the overloaded
4581    definitions if there are many, or return 0 if it is undefined.
4582    Hidden name, either friend declaration or built-in function, are
4583    not ignored.
4584 
4585    If PREFER_TYPE is > 0, we prefer TYPE_DECLs or namespaces.
4586    If PREFER_TYPE is > 1, we reject non-type decls (e.g. namespaces).
4587    Otherwise we prefer non-TYPE_DECLs.
4588 
4589    If NONCLASS is nonzero, bindings in class scopes are ignored.  If
4590    BLOCK_P is false, bindings in block scopes are ignored.  */
4591 
4592 static tree
4593 lookup_name_real_1 (tree name, int prefer_type, int nonclass, bool block_p,
4594 		    int namespaces_only, int flags)
4595 {
4596   cxx_binding *iter;
4597   tree val = NULL_TREE;
4598 
4599   /* Conversion operators are handled specially because ordinary
4600      unqualified name lookup will not find template conversion
4601      operators.  */
4602   if (IDENTIFIER_TYPENAME_P (name))
4603     {
4604       cp_binding_level *level;
4605 
4606       for (level = current_binding_level;
4607 	   level && level->kind != sk_namespace;
4608 	   level = level->level_chain)
4609 	{
4610 	  tree class_type;
4611 	  tree operators;
4612 
4613 	  /* A conversion operator can only be declared in a class
4614 	     scope.  */
4615 	  if (level->kind != sk_class)
4616 	    continue;
4617 
4618 	  /* Lookup the conversion operator in the class.  */
4619 	  class_type = level->this_entity;
4620 	  operators = lookup_fnfields (class_type, name, /*protect=*/0);
4621 	  if (operators)
4622 	    return operators;
4623 	}
4624 
4625       return NULL_TREE;
4626     }
4627 
4628   flags |= lookup_flags (prefer_type, namespaces_only);
4629 
4630   /* First, look in non-namespace scopes.  */
4631 
4632   if (current_class_type == NULL_TREE)
4633     nonclass = 1;
4634 
4635   if (block_p || !nonclass)
4636     for (iter = outer_binding (name, NULL, !nonclass);
4637 	 iter;
4638 	 iter = outer_binding (name, iter, !nonclass))
4639       {
4640 	tree binding;
4641 
4642 	/* Skip entities we don't want.  */
4643 	if (LOCAL_BINDING_P (iter) ? !block_p : nonclass)
4644 	  continue;
4645 
4646 	/* If this is the kind of thing we're looking for, we're done.  */
4647 	if (qualify_lookup (iter->value, flags))
4648 	  binding = iter->value;
4649 	else if ((flags & LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES)
4650 		 && qualify_lookup (iter->type, flags))
4651 	  binding = iter->type;
4652 	else
4653 	  binding = NULL_TREE;
4654 
4655 	if (binding)
4656 	  {
4657 	    if (hidden_name_p (binding))
4658 	      {
4659 		/* A non namespace-scope binding can only be hidden in the
4660 		   presence of a local class, due to friend declarations.
4661 
4662 		   In particular, consider:
4663 
4664 		   struct C;
4665 		   void f() {
4666 		     struct A {
4667 		       friend struct B;
4668 		       friend struct C;
4669 		       void g() {
4670 		         B* b; // error: B is hidden
4671 			 C* c; // OK, finds ::C
4672 		       }
4673 		     };
4674 		     B *b;  // error: B is hidden
4675 		     C *c;  // OK, finds ::C
4676 		     struct B {};
4677 		     B *bb; // OK
4678 		   }
4679 
4680 		   The standard says that "B" is a local class in "f"
4681 		   (but not nested within "A") -- but that name lookup
4682 		   for "B" does not find this declaration until it is
4683 		   declared directly with "f".
4684 
4685 		   In particular:
4686 
4687 		   [class.friend]
4688 
4689 		   If a friend declaration appears in a local class and
4690 		   the name specified is an unqualified name, a prior
4691 		   declaration is looked up without considering scopes
4692 		   that are outside the innermost enclosing non-class
4693 		   scope. For a friend function declaration, if there is
4694 		   no prior declaration, the program is ill-formed. For a
4695 		   friend class declaration, if there is no prior
4696 		   declaration, the class that is specified belongs to the
4697 		   innermost enclosing non-class scope, but if it is
4698 		   subsequently referenced, its name is not found by name
4699 		   lookup until a matching declaration is provided in the
4700 		   innermost enclosing nonclass scope.
4701 
4702 		   So just keep looking for a non-hidden binding.
4703 		*/
4704 		gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (binding) == TYPE_DECL);
4705 		continue;
4706 	      }
4707 	    val = binding;
4708 	    break;
4709 	  }
4710       }
4711 
4712   /* Now lookup in namespace scopes.  */
4713   if (!val)
4714     val = unqualified_namespace_lookup (name, flags);
4715 
4716   /* If we have a single function from a using decl, pull it out.  */
4717   if (val && TREE_CODE (val) == OVERLOAD && !really_overloaded_fn (val))
4718     val = OVL_FUNCTION (val);
4719 
4720   return val;
4721 }
4722 
4723 /* Wrapper for lookup_name_real_1.  */
4724 
4725 tree
4726 lookup_name_real (tree name, int prefer_type, int nonclass, bool block_p,
4727 		  int namespaces_only, int flags)
4728 {
4729   tree ret;
4730   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4731   ret = lookup_name_real_1 (name, prefer_type, nonclass, block_p,
4732 			    namespaces_only, flags);
4733   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
4734   return ret;
4735 }
4736 
4737 tree
4738 lookup_name_nonclass (tree name)
4739 {
4740   return lookup_name_real (name, 0, 1, /*block_p=*/true, 0, LOOKUP_COMPLAIN);
4741 }
4742 
4743 tree
4744 lookup_function_nonclass (tree name, VEC(tree,gc) *args, bool block_p)
4745 {
4746   return
4747     lookup_arg_dependent (name,
4748 			  lookup_name_real (name, 0, 1, block_p, 0,
4749 					    LOOKUP_COMPLAIN),
4750 			  args, false);
4751 }
4752 
4753 tree
4754 lookup_name (tree name)
4755 {
4756   return lookup_name_real (name, 0, 0, /*block_p=*/true, 0, LOOKUP_COMPLAIN);
4757 }
4758 
4759 tree
4760 lookup_name_prefer_type (tree name, int prefer_type)
4761 {
4762   return lookup_name_real (name, prefer_type, 0, /*block_p=*/true,
4763 			   0, LOOKUP_COMPLAIN);
4764 }
4765 
4766 /* Look up NAME for type used in elaborated name specifier in
4767    the scopes given by SCOPE.  SCOPE can be either TS_CURRENT or
4768    TS_WITHIN_ENCLOSING_NON_CLASS.  Although not implied by the
4769    name, more scopes are checked if cleanup or template parameter
4770    scope is encountered.
4771 
4772    Unlike lookup_name_real, we make sure that NAME is actually
4773    declared in the desired scope, not from inheritance, nor using
4774    directive.  For using declaration, there is DR138 still waiting
4775    to be resolved.  Hidden name coming from an earlier friend
4776    declaration is also returned.
4777 
4778    A TYPE_DECL best matching the NAME is returned.  Catching error
4779    and issuing diagnostics are caller's responsibility.  */
4780 
4781 static tree
4782 lookup_type_scope_1 (tree name, tag_scope scope)
4783 {
4784   cxx_binding *iter = NULL;
4785   tree val = NULL_TREE;
4786 
4787   /* Look in non-namespace scope first.  */
4788   if (current_binding_level->kind != sk_namespace)
4789     iter = outer_binding (name, NULL, /*class_p=*/ true);
4790   for (; iter; iter = outer_binding (name, iter, /*class_p=*/ true))
4791     {
4792       /* Check if this is the kind of thing we're looking for.
4793 	 If SCOPE is TS_CURRENT, also make sure it doesn't come from
4794 	 base class.  For ITER->VALUE, we can simply use
4795 	 INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P.  For ITER->TYPE, we have to use
4796 	 our own check.
4797 
4798 	 We check ITER->TYPE before ITER->VALUE in order to handle
4799 	   typedef struct C {} C;
4800 	 correctly.  */
4801 
4802       if (qualify_lookup (iter->type, LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES)
4803 	  && (scope != ts_current
4804 	      || LOCAL_BINDING_P (iter)
4805 	      || DECL_CONTEXT (iter->type) == iter->scope->this_entity))
4806 	val = iter->type;
4807       else if ((scope != ts_current
4808 		|| !INHERITED_VALUE_BINDING_P (iter))
4809 	       && qualify_lookup (iter->value, LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES))
4810 	val = iter->value;
4811 
4812       if (val)
4813 	break;
4814     }
4815 
4816   /* Look in namespace scope.  */
4817   if (!val)
4818     {
4819       iter = cp_binding_level_find_binding_for_name
4820 	       (NAMESPACE_LEVEL (current_decl_namespace ()), name);
4821 
4822       if (iter)
4823 	{
4824 	  /* If this is the kind of thing we're looking for, we're done.  */
4825 	  if (qualify_lookup (iter->type, LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES))
4826 	    val = iter->type;
4827 	  else if (qualify_lookup (iter->value, LOOKUP_PREFER_TYPES))
4828 	    val = iter->value;
4829 	}
4830 
4831     }
4832 
4833   /* Type found, check if it is in the allowed scopes, ignoring cleanup
4834      and template parameter scopes.  */
4835   if (val)
4836     {
4837       cp_binding_level *b = current_binding_level;
4838       while (b)
4839 	{
4840 	  if (iter->scope == b)
4841 	    return val;
4842 
4843 	  if (b->kind == sk_cleanup || b->kind == sk_template_parms
4844 	      || b->kind == sk_function_parms)
4845 	    b = b->level_chain;
4846 	  else if (b->kind == sk_class
4847 		   && scope == ts_within_enclosing_non_class)
4848 	    b = b->level_chain;
4849 	  else
4850 	    break;
4851 	}
4852     }
4853 
4854   return NULL_TREE;
4855 }
4856 
4857 /* Wrapper for lookup_type_scope_1.  */
4858 
4859 tree
4860 lookup_type_scope (tree name, tag_scope scope)
4861 {
4862   tree ret;
4863   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4864   ret = lookup_type_scope_1 (name, scope);
4865   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
4866   return ret;
4867 }
4868 
4869 
4870 /* Similar to `lookup_name' but look only in the innermost non-class
4871    binding level.  */
4872 
4873 static tree
4874 lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level_1 (tree name)
4875 {
4876   cp_binding_level *b;
4877   tree t = NULL_TREE;
4878 
4879   b = innermost_nonclass_level ();
4880 
4881   if (b->kind == sk_namespace)
4882     {
4883       t = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (name);
4884 
4885       /* extern "C" function() */
4886       if (t != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (t) == TREE_LIST)
4887 	t = TREE_VALUE (t);
4888     }
4889   else if (IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name)
4890 	   && LOCAL_BINDING_P (IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name)))
4891     {
4892       cxx_binding *binding;
4893       binding = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (name);
4894       while (1)
4895 	{
4896 	  if (binding->scope == b
4897 	      && !(TREE_CODE (binding->value) == VAR_DECL
4898 		   && DECL_DEAD_FOR_LOCAL (binding->value)))
4899 	    return binding->value;
4900 
4901 	  if (b->kind == sk_cleanup)
4902 	    b = b->level_chain;
4903 	  else
4904 	    break;
4905 	}
4906     }
4907 
4908   return t;
4909 }
4910 
4911 /* Wrapper for lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level_1.  */
4912 
4913 tree
4914 lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level (tree name)
4915 {
4916   tree ret;
4917   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4918   ret = lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level_1 (name);
4919   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
4920   return ret;
4921 }
4922 
4923 
4924 /* Returns true iff DECL is a block-scope extern declaration of a function
4925    or variable.  */
4926 
4927 bool
4928 is_local_extern (tree decl)
4929 {
4930   cxx_binding *binding;
4931 
4932   /* For functions, this is easy.  */
4933   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
4934     return DECL_LOCAL_FUNCTION_P (decl);
4935 
4936   if (TREE_CODE (decl) != VAR_DECL)
4937     return false;
4938   if (!current_function_decl)
4939     return false;
4940 
4941   /* For variables, this is not easy.  We need to look at the binding stack
4942      for the identifier to see whether the decl we have is a local.  */
4943   for (binding = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (DECL_NAME (decl));
4944        binding && binding->scope->kind != sk_namespace;
4945        binding = binding->previous)
4946     if (binding->value == decl)
4947       return LOCAL_BINDING_P (binding);
4948 
4949   return false;
4950 }
4951 
4952 /* Like lookup_name_innermost_nonclass_level, but for types.  */
4953 
4954 static tree
4955 lookup_type_current_level (tree name)
4956 {
4957   tree t = NULL_TREE;
4958 
4959   timevar_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4960   gcc_assert (current_binding_level->kind != sk_namespace);
4961 
4962   if (REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (name) != NULL_TREE
4963       && REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (name) != global_type_node)
4964     {
4965       cp_binding_level *b = current_binding_level;
4966       while (1)
4967 	{
4968 	  if (purpose_member (name, b->type_shadowed))
4969 	    {
4970 	      t = REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (name);
4971 	      break;
4972 	    }
4973 	  if (b->kind == sk_cleanup)
4974 	    b = b->level_chain;
4975 	  else
4976 	    break;
4977 	}
4978     }
4979 
4980   timevar_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
4981   return t;
4982 }
4983 
4984 /* [basic.lookup.koenig] */
4985 /* A nonzero return value in the functions below indicates an error.  */
4986 
4987 struct arg_lookup
4988 {
4989   tree name;
4990   VEC(tree,gc) *args;
4991   VEC(tree,gc) *namespaces;
4992   VEC(tree,gc) *classes;
4993   tree functions;
4994   struct pointer_set_t *fn_set;
4995 };
4996 
4997 static bool arg_assoc (struct arg_lookup*, tree);
4998 static bool arg_assoc_args (struct arg_lookup*, tree);
4999 static bool arg_assoc_args_vec (struct arg_lookup*, VEC(tree,gc) *);
5000 static bool arg_assoc_type (struct arg_lookup*, tree);
5001 static bool add_function (struct arg_lookup *, tree);
5002 static bool arg_assoc_namespace (struct arg_lookup *, tree);
5003 static bool arg_assoc_class_only (struct arg_lookup *, tree);
5004 static bool arg_assoc_bases (struct arg_lookup *, tree);
5005 static bool arg_assoc_class (struct arg_lookup *, tree);
5006 static bool arg_assoc_template_arg (struct arg_lookup*, tree);
5007 
5008 /* Add a function to the lookup structure.
5009    Returns true on error.  */
5010 
5011 static bool
5012 add_function (struct arg_lookup *k, tree fn)
5013 {
5014   if (!is_overloaded_fn (fn))
5015     /* All names except those of (possibly overloaded) functions and
5016        function templates are ignored.  */;
5017   else if (k->fn_set && pointer_set_insert (k->fn_set, fn))
5018     /* It's already in the list.  */;
5019   else if (!k->functions)
5020     k->functions = fn;
5021   else if (fn == k->functions)
5022     ;
5023   else
5024     {
5025       k->functions = build_overload (fn, k->functions);
5026       if (TREE_CODE (k->functions) == OVERLOAD)
5027 	OVL_ARG_DEPENDENT (k->functions) = true;
5028     }
5029 
5030   return false;
5031 }
5032 
5033 /* Returns true iff CURRENT has declared itself to be an associated
5034    namespace of SCOPE via a strong using-directive (or transitive chain
5035    thereof).  Both are namespaces.  */
5036 
5037 bool
5038 is_associated_namespace (tree current, tree scope)
5039 {
5040   VEC(tree,gc) *seen = make_tree_vector ();
5041   VEC(tree,gc) *todo = make_tree_vector ();
5042   tree t;
5043   bool ret;
5044 
5045   while (1)
5046     {
5047       if (scope == current)
5048 	{
5049 	  ret = true;
5050 	  break;
5051 	}
5052       VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, seen, scope);
5053       for (t = DECL_NAMESPACE_ASSOCIATIONS (scope); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5054 	if (!vec_member (TREE_PURPOSE (t), seen))
5055 	  VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, todo, TREE_PURPOSE (t));
5056       if (!VEC_empty (tree, todo))
5057 	{
5058 	  scope = VEC_last (tree, todo);
5059 	  VEC_pop (tree, todo);
5060 	}
5061       else
5062 	{
5063 	  ret = false;
5064 	  break;
5065 	}
5066     }
5067 
5068   release_tree_vector (seen);
5069   release_tree_vector (todo);
5070 
5071   return ret;
5072 }
5073 
5074 /* Add functions of a namespace to the lookup structure.
5075    Returns true on error.  */
5076 
5077 static bool
5078 arg_assoc_namespace (struct arg_lookup *k, tree scope)
5079 {
5080   tree value;
5081 
5082   if (vec_member (scope, k->namespaces))
5083     return false;
5084   VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, k->namespaces, scope);
5085 
5086   /* Check out our super-users.  */
5087   for (value = DECL_NAMESPACE_ASSOCIATIONS (scope); value;
5088        value = TREE_CHAIN (value))
5089     if (arg_assoc_namespace (k, TREE_PURPOSE (value)))
5090       return true;
5091 
5092   /* Also look down into inline namespaces.  */
5093   for (value = DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (scope); value;
5094        value = TREE_CHAIN (value))
5095     if (is_associated_namespace (scope, TREE_PURPOSE (value)))
5096       if (arg_assoc_namespace (k, TREE_PURPOSE (value)))
5097 	return true;
5098 
5099   value = namespace_binding (k->name, scope);
5100   if (!value)
5101     return false;
5102 
5103   for (; value; value = OVL_NEXT (value))
5104     {
5105       /* We don't want to find arbitrary hidden functions via argument
5106 	 dependent lookup.  We only want to find friends of associated
5107 	 classes, which we'll do via arg_assoc_class.  */
5108       if (hidden_name_p (OVL_CURRENT (value)))
5109 	continue;
5110 
5111       if (add_function (k, OVL_CURRENT (value)))
5112 	return true;
5113     }
5114 
5115   return false;
5116 }
5117 
5118 /* Adds everything associated with a template argument to the lookup
5119    structure.  Returns true on error.  */
5120 
5121 static bool
5122 arg_assoc_template_arg (struct arg_lookup *k, tree arg)
5123 {
5124   /* [basic.lookup.koenig]
5125 
5126      If T is a template-id, its associated namespaces and classes are
5127      ... the namespaces and classes associated with the types of the
5128      template arguments provided for template type parameters
5129      (excluding template template parameters); the namespaces in which
5130      any template template arguments are defined; and the classes in
5131      which any member templates used as template template arguments
5132      are defined.  [Note: non-type template arguments do not
5133      contribute to the set of associated namespaces.  ]  */
5134 
5135   /* Consider first template template arguments.  */
5136   if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM
5137       || TREE_CODE (arg) == UNBOUND_CLASS_TEMPLATE)
5138     return false;
5139   else if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
5140     {
5141       tree ctx = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (arg);
5142 
5143       /* It's not a member template.  */
5144       if (TREE_CODE (ctx) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
5145 	return arg_assoc_namespace (k, ctx);
5146       /* Otherwise, it must be member template.  */
5147       else
5148 	return arg_assoc_class_only (k, ctx);
5149     }
5150   /* It's an argument pack; handle it recursively.  */
5151   else if (ARGUMENT_PACK_P (arg))
5152     {
5153       tree args = ARGUMENT_PACK_ARGS (arg);
5154       int i, len = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args);
5155       for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
5156 	if (arg_assoc_template_arg (k, TREE_VEC_ELT (args, i)))
5157 	  return true;
5158 
5159       return false;
5160     }
5161   /* It's not a template template argument, but it is a type template
5162      argument.  */
5163   else if (TYPE_P (arg))
5164     return arg_assoc_type (k, arg);
5165   /* It's a non-type template argument.  */
5166   else
5167     return false;
5168 }
5169 
5170 /* Adds the class and its friends to the lookup structure.
5171    Returns true on error.  */
5172 
5173 static bool
5174 arg_assoc_class_only (struct arg_lookup *k, tree type)
5175 {
5176   tree list, friends, context;
5177 
5178   /* Backend-built structures, such as __builtin_va_list, aren't
5179      affected by all this.  */
5180   if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
5181     return false;
5182 
5183   context = decl_namespace_context (type);
5184   if (arg_assoc_namespace (k, context))
5185     return true;
5186 
5187   complete_type (type);
5188 
5189   /* Process friends.  */
5190   for (list = DECL_FRIENDLIST (TYPE_MAIN_DECL (type)); list;
5191        list = TREE_CHAIN (list))
5192     if (k->name == FRIEND_NAME (list))
5193       for (friends = FRIEND_DECLS (list); friends;
5194 	   friends = TREE_CHAIN (friends))
5195 	{
5196 	  tree fn = TREE_VALUE (friends);
5197 
5198 	  /* Only interested in global functions with potentially hidden
5199 	     (i.e. unqualified) declarations.  */
5200 	  if (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (fn) != context)
5201 	    continue;
5202 	  /* Template specializations are never found by name lookup.
5203 	     (Templates themselves can be found, but not template
5204 	     specializations.)  */
5205 	  if (TREE_CODE (fn) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (fn))
5206 	    continue;
5207 	  if (add_function (k, fn))
5208 	    return true;
5209 	}
5210 
5211   return false;
5212 }
5213 
5214 /* Adds the class and its bases to the lookup structure.
5215    Returns true on error.  */
5216 
5217 static bool
5218 arg_assoc_bases (struct arg_lookup *k, tree type)
5219 {
5220   if (arg_assoc_class_only (k, type))
5221     return true;
5222 
5223   if (TYPE_BINFO (type))
5224     {
5225       /* Process baseclasses.  */
5226       tree binfo, base_binfo;
5227       int i;
5228 
5229       for (binfo = TYPE_BINFO (type), i = 0;
5230 	   BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (binfo, i, base_binfo); i++)
5231 	if (arg_assoc_bases (k, BINFO_TYPE (base_binfo)))
5232 	  return true;
5233     }
5234 
5235   return false;
5236 }
5237 
5238 /* Adds everything associated with a class argument type to the lookup
5239    structure.  Returns true on error.
5240 
5241    If T is a class type (including unions), its associated classes are: the
5242    class itself; the class of which it is a member, if any; and its direct
5243    and indirect base classes. Its associated namespaces are the namespaces
5244    of which its associated classes are members. Furthermore, if T is a
5245    class template specialization, its associated namespaces and classes
5246    also include: the namespaces and classes associated with the types of
5247    the template arguments provided for template type parameters (excluding
5248    template template parameters); the namespaces of which any template
5249    template arguments are members; and the classes of which any member
5250    templates used as template template arguments are members. [ Note:
5251    non-type template arguments do not contribute to the set of associated
5252    namespaces.  --end note] */
5253 
5254 static bool
5255 arg_assoc_class (struct arg_lookup *k, tree type)
5256 {
5257   tree list;
5258   int i;
5259 
5260   /* Backend build structures, such as __builtin_va_list, aren't
5261      affected by all this.  */
5262   if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
5263     return false;
5264 
5265   if (vec_member (type, k->classes))
5266     return false;
5267   VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, k->classes, type);
5268 
5269   if (TYPE_CLASS_SCOPE_P (type)
5270       && arg_assoc_class_only (k, TYPE_CONTEXT (type)))
5271     return true;
5272 
5273   if (arg_assoc_bases (k, type))
5274     return true;
5275 
5276   /* Process template arguments.  */
5277   if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (type)
5278       && PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type)))
5279     {
5280       list = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (type));
5281       for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (list); ++i)
5282 	if (arg_assoc_template_arg (k, TREE_VEC_ELT (list, i)))
5283 	  return true;
5284     }
5285 
5286   return false;
5287 }
5288 
5289 /* Adds everything associated with a given type.
5290    Returns 1 on error.  */
5291 
5292 static bool
5293 arg_assoc_type (struct arg_lookup *k, tree type)
5294 {
5295   /* As we do not get the type of non-type dependent expressions
5296      right, we can end up with such things without a type.  */
5297   if (!type)
5298     return false;
5299 
5300   if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type))
5301     {
5302       /* Pointer to member: associate class type and value type.  */
5303       if (arg_assoc_type (k, TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (type)))
5304 	return true;
5305       return arg_assoc_type (k, TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (type));
5306     }
5307   else switch (TREE_CODE (type))
5308     {
5309     case ERROR_MARK:
5310       return false;
5311     case VOID_TYPE:
5312     case INTEGER_TYPE:
5313     case REAL_TYPE:
5314     case COMPLEX_TYPE:
5315     case VECTOR_TYPE:
5316     case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
5317     case FIXED_POINT_TYPE:
5318     case DECLTYPE_TYPE:
5319     case NULLPTR_TYPE:
5320       return false;
5321     case RECORD_TYPE:
5322       if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
5323 	return arg_assoc_type (k, TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (type));
5324     case UNION_TYPE:
5325       return arg_assoc_class (k, type);
5326     case POINTER_TYPE:
5327     case REFERENCE_TYPE:
5328     case ARRAY_TYPE:
5329       return arg_assoc_type (k, TREE_TYPE (type));
5330     case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
5331       if (TYPE_CLASS_SCOPE_P (type)
5332 	  && arg_assoc_class_only (k, TYPE_CONTEXT (type)))
5333 	return true;
5334       return arg_assoc_namespace (k, decl_namespace_context (type));
5335     case METHOD_TYPE:
5336       /* The basetype is referenced in the first arg type, so just
5337 	 fall through.  */
5338     case FUNCTION_TYPE:
5339       /* Associate the parameter types.  */
5340       if (arg_assoc_args (k, TYPE_ARG_TYPES (type)))
5341 	return true;
5342       /* Associate the return type.  */
5343       return arg_assoc_type (k, TREE_TYPE (type));
5344     case TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM:
5345     case BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
5346       return false;
5347     case TYPENAME_TYPE:
5348       return false;
5349     case LANG_TYPE:
5350       gcc_assert (type == unknown_type_node
5351 		  || type == init_list_type_node);
5352       return false;
5353     case TYPE_PACK_EXPANSION:
5354       return arg_assoc_type (k, PACK_EXPANSION_PATTERN (type));
5355 
5356     default:
5357       gcc_unreachable ();
5358     }
5359   return false;
5360 }
5361 
5362 /* Adds everything associated with arguments.  Returns true on error.  */
5363 
5364 static bool
5365 arg_assoc_args (struct arg_lookup *k, tree args)
5366 {
5367   for (; args; args = TREE_CHAIN (args))
5368     if (arg_assoc (k, TREE_VALUE (args)))
5369       return true;
5370   return false;
5371 }
5372 
5373 /* Adds everything associated with an argument vector.  Returns true
5374    on error.  */
5375 
5376 static bool
5377 arg_assoc_args_vec (struct arg_lookup *k, VEC(tree,gc) *args)
5378 {
5379   unsigned int ix;
5380   tree arg;
5381 
5382   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree, args, ix, arg)
5383     if (arg_assoc (k, arg))
5384       return true;
5385   return false;
5386 }
5387 
5388 /* Adds everything associated with a given tree_node.  Returns 1 on error.  */
5389 
5390 static bool
5391 arg_assoc (struct arg_lookup *k, tree n)
5392 {
5393   if (n == error_mark_node)
5394     return false;
5395 
5396   if (TYPE_P (n))
5397     return arg_assoc_type (k, n);
5398 
5399   if (! type_unknown_p (n))
5400     return arg_assoc_type (k, TREE_TYPE (n));
5401 
5402   if (TREE_CODE (n) == ADDR_EXPR)
5403     n = TREE_OPERAND (n, 0);
5404   if (TREE_CODE (n) == COMPONENT_REF)
5405     n = TREE_OPERAND (n, 1);
5406   if (TREE_CODE (n) == OFFSET_REF)
5407     n = TREE_OPERAND (n, 1);
5408   while (TREE_CODE (n) == TREE_LIST)
5409     n = TREE_VALUE (n);
5410   if (BASELINK_P (n))
5411     n = BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (n);
5412 
5413   if (TREE_CODE (n) == FUNCTION_DECL)
5414     return arg_assoc_type (k, TREE_TYPE (n));
5415   if (TREE_CODE (n) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
5416     {
5417       /* The working paper doesn't currently say how to handle template-id
5418 	 arguments.  The sensible thing would seem to be to handle the list
5419 	 of template candidates like a normal overload set, and handle the
5420 	 template arguments like we do for class template
5421 	 specializations.  */
5422       tree templ = TREE_OPERAND (n, 0);
5423       tree args = TREE_OPERAND (n, 1);
5424       int ix;
5425 
5426       /* First the templates.  */
5427       if (arg_assoc (k, templ))
5428 	return true;
5429 
5430       /* Now the arguments.  */
5431       if (args)
5432 	for (ix = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args); ix--;)
5433 	  if (arg_assoc_template_arg (k, TREE_VEC_ELT (args, ix)) == 1)
5434 	    return true;
5435     }
5436   else if (TREE_CODE (n) == OVERLOAD)
5437     {
5438       for (; n; n = OVL_NEXT (n))
5439 	if (arg_assoc_type (k, TREE_TYPE (OVL_CURRENT (n))))
5440 	  return true;
5441     }
5442 
5443   return false;
5444 }
5445 
5446 /* Performs Koenig lookup depending on arguments, where fns
5447    are the functions found in normal lookup.  */
5448 
5449 static tree
5450 lookup_arg_dependent_1 (tree name, tree fns, VEC(tree,gc) *args,
5451 			bool include_std)
5452 {
5453   struct arg_lookup k;
5454 
5455   /* Remove any hidden friend functions from the list of functions
5456      found so far.  They will be added back by arg_assoc_class as
5457      appropriate.  */
5458   fns = remove_hidden_names (fns);
5459 
5460   k.name = name;
5461   k.args = args;
5462   k.functions = fns;
5463   k.classes = make_tree_vector ();
5464 
5465   /* We previously performed an optimization here by setting
5466      NAMESPACES to the current namespace when it was safe. However, DR
5467      164 says that namespaces that were already searched in the first
5468      stage of template processing are searched again (potentially
5469      picking up later definitions) in the second stage. */
5470   k.namespaces = make_tree_vector ();
5471 
5472   /* We used to allow duplicates and let joust discard them, but
5473      since the above change for DR 164 we end up with duplicates of
5474      all the functions found by unqualified lookup.  So keep track
5475      of which ones we've seen.  */
5476   if (fns)
5477     {
5478       tree ovl;
5479       /* We shouldn't be here if lookup found something other than
5480 	 namespace-scope functions.  */
5481       gcc_assert (DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (OVL_CURRENT (fns)));
5482       k.fn_set = pointer_set_create ();
5483       for (ovl = fns; ovl; ovl = OVL_NEXT (ovl))
5484 	pointer_set_insert (k.fn_set, OVL_CURRENT (ovl));
5485     }
5486   else
5487     k.fn_set = NULL;
5488 
5489   if (include_std)
5490     arg_assoc_namespace (&k, std_node);
5491   arg_assoc_args_vec (&k, args);
5492 
5493   fns = k.functions;
5494 
5495   if (fns
5496       && TREE_CODE (fns) != VAR_DECL
5497       && !is_overloaded_fn (fns))
5498     {
5499       error ("argument dependent lookup finds %q+D", fns);
5500       error ("  in call to %qD", name);
5501       fns = error_mark_node;
5502     }
5503 
5504   release_tree_vector (k.classes);
5505   release_tree_vector (k.namespaces);
5506   if (k.fn_set)
5507     pointer_set_destroy (k.fn_set);
5508 
5509   return fns;
5510 }
5511 
5512 /* Wrapper for lookup_arg_dependent_1.  */
5513 
5514 tree
5515 lookup_arg_dependent (tree name, tree fns, VEC(tree,gc) *args,
5516                       bool include_std)
5517 {
5518   tree ret;
5519   bool subtime;
5520   subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5521   ret = lookup_arg_dependent_1 (name, fns, args, include_std);
5522   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
5523   return ret;
5524 }
5525 
5526 
5527 /* Add namespace to using_directives. Return NULL_TREE if nothing was
5528    changed (i.e. there was already a directive), or the fresh
5529    TREE_LIST otherwise.  */
5530 
5531 static tree
5532 push_using_directive_1 (tree used)
5533 {
5534   tree ud = current_binding_level->using_directives;
5535   tree iter, ancestor;
5536 
5537   /* Check if we already have this.  */
5538   if (purpose_member (used, ud) != NULL_TREE)
5539     return NULL_TREE;
5540 
5541   ancestor = namespace_ancestor (current_decl_namespace (), used);
5542   ud = current_binding_level->using_directives;
5543   ud = tree_cons (used, ancestor, ud);
5544   current_binding_level->using_directives = ud;
5545 
5546   /* Recursively add all namespaces used.  */
5547   for (iter = DECL_NAMESPACE_USING (used); iter; iter = TREE_CHAIN (iter))
5548     push_using_directive (TREE_PURPOSE (iter));
5549 
5550   return ud;
5551 }
5552 
5553 /* Wrapper for push_using_directive_1.  */
5554 
5555 static tree
5556 push_using_directive (tree used)
5557 {
5558   tree ret;
5559   timevar_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5560   ret = push_using_directive_1 (used);
5561   timevar_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5562   return ret;
5563 }
5564 
5565 /* The type TYPE is being declared.  If it is a class template, or a
5566    specialization of a class template, do any processing required and
5567    perform error-checking.  If IS_FRIEND is nonzero, this TYPE is
5568    being declared a friend.  B is the binding level at which this TYPE
5569    should be bound.
5570 
5571    Returns the TYPE_DECL for TYPE, which may have been altered by this
5572    processing.  */
5573 
5574 static tree
5575 maybe_process_template_type_declaration (tree type, int is_friend,
5576 					 cp_binding_level *b)
5577 {
5578   tree decl = TYPE_NAME (type);
5579 
5580   if (processing_template_parmlist)
5581     /* You can't declare a new template type in a template parameter
5582        list.  But, you can declare a non-template type:
5583 
5584 	 template <class A*> struct S;
5585 
5586        is a forward-declaration of `A'.  */
5587     ;
5588   else if (b->kind == sk_namespace
5589 	   && current_binding_level->kind != sk_namespace)
5590     /* If this new type is being injected into a containing scope,
5591        then it's not a template type.  */
5592     ;
5593   else
5594     {
5595       gcc_assert (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type)
5596 		  || TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE);
5597 
5598       if (processing_template_decl)
5599 	{
5600 	  /* This may change after the call to
5601 	     push_template_decl_real, but we want the original value.  */
5602 	  tree name = DECL_NAME (decl);
5603 
5604 	  decl = push_template_decl_real (decl, is_friend);
5605 	  if (decl == error_mark_node)
5606 	    return error_mark_node;
5607 
5608 	  /* If the current binding level is the binding level for the
5609 	     template parameters (see the comment in
5610 	     begin_template_parm_list) and the enclosing level is a class
5611 	     scope, and we're not looking at a friend, push the
5612 	     declaration of the member class into the class scope.  In the
5613 	     friend case, push_template_decl will already have put the
5614 	     friend into global scope, if appropriate.  */
5615 	  if (TREE_CODE (type) != ENUMERAL_TYPE
5616 	      && !is_friend && b->kind == sk_template_parms
5617 	      && b->level_chain->kind == sk_class)
5618 	    {
5619 	      finish_member_declaration (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type));
5620 
5621 	      if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (current_class_type))
5622 		{
5623 		  maybe_add_class_template_decl_list (current_class_type,
5624 						      type, /*friend_p=*/0);
5625 		  /* Put this UTD in the table of UTDs for the class.  */
5626 		  if (CLASSTYPE_NESTED_UTDS (current_class_type) == NULL)
5627 		    CLASSTYPE_NESTED_UTDS (current_class_type) =
5628 		      binding_table_new (SCOPE_DEFAULT_HT_SIZE);
5629 
5630 		  binding_table_insert
5631 		    (CLASSTYPE_NESTED_UTDS (current_class_type), name, type);
5632 		}
5633 	    }
5634 	}
5635     }
5636 
5637   return decl;
5638 }
5639 
5640 /* Push a tag name NAME for struct/class/union/enum type TYPE.  In case
5641    that the NAME is a class template, the tag is processed but not pushed.
5642 
5643    The pushed scope depend on the SCOPE parameter:
5644    - When SCOPE is TS_CURRENT, put it into the inner-most non-sk_cleanup
5645      scope.
5646    - When SCOPE is TS_GLOBAL, put it in the inner-most non-class and
5647      non-template-parameter scope.  This case is needed for forward
5648      declarations.
5649    - When SCOPE is TS_WITHIN_ENCLOSING_NON_CLASS, this is similar to
5650      TS_GLOBAL case except that names within template-parameter scopes
5651      are not pushed at all.
5652 
5653    Returns TYPE upon success and ERROR_MARK_NODE otherwise.  */
5654 
5655 static tree
5656 pushtag_1 (tree name, tree type, tag_scope scope)
5657 {
5658   cp_binding_level *b;
5659   tree decl;
5660 
5661   b = current_binding_level;
5662   while (/* Cleanup scopes are not scopes from the point of view of
5663 	    the language.  */
5664 	 b->kind == sk_cleanup
5665 	 /* Neither are function parameter scopes.  */
5666 	 || b->kind == sk_function_parms
5667 	 /* Neither are the scopes used to hold template parameters
5668 	    for an explicit specialization.  For an ordinary template
5669 	    declaration, these scopes are not scopes from the point of
5670 	    view of the language.  */
5671 	 || (b->kind == sk_template_parms
5672 	     && (b->explicit_spec_p || scope == ts_global))
5673 	 || (b->kind == sk_class
5674 	     && (scope != ts_current
5675 		 /* We may be defining a new type in the initializer
5676 		    of a static member variable. We allow this when
5677 		    not pedantic, and it is particularly useful for
5678 		    type punning via an anonymous union.  */
5679 		 || COMPLETE_TYPE_P (b->this_entity))))
5680     b = b->level_chain;
5681 
5682   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (name) == IDENTIFIER_NODE);
5683 
5684   /* Do C++ gratuitous typedefing.  */
5685   if (identifier_type_value_1 (name) != type)
5686     {
5687       tree tdef;
5688       int in_class = 0;
5689       tree context = TYPE_CONTEXT (type);
5690 
5691       if (! context)
5692 	{
5693 	  tree cs = current_scope ();
5694 
5695 	  if (scope == ts_current
5696 	      || (cs && TREE_CODE (cs) == FUNCTION_DECL))
5697 	    context = cs;
5698 	  else if (cs != NULL_TREE && TYPE_P (cs))
5699 	    /* When declaring a friend class of a local class, we want
5700 	       to inject the newly named class into the scope
5701 	       containing the local class, not the namespace
5702 	       scope.  */
5703 	    context = decl_function_context (get_type_decl (cs));
5704 	}
5705       if (!context)
5706 	context = current_namespace;
5707 
5708       if (b->kind == sk_class
5709 	  || (b->kind == sk_template_parms
5710 	      && b->level_chain->kind == sk_class))
5711 	in_class = 1;
5712 
5713       if (current_lang_name == lang_name_java)
5714 	TYPE_FOR_JAVA (type) = 1;
5715 
5716       tdef = create_implicit_typedef (name, type);
5717       DECL_CONTEXT (tdef) = FROB_CONTEXT (context);
5718       if (scope == ts_within_enclosing_non_class)
5719 	{
5720 	  /* This is a friend.  Make this TYPE_DECL node hidden from
5721 	     ordinary name lookup.  Its corresponding TEMPLATE_DECL
5722 	     will be marked in push_template_decl_real.  */
5723 	  retrofit_lang_decl (tdef);
5724 	  DECL_ANTICIPATED (tdef) = 1;
5725 	  DECL_FRIEND_P (tdef) = 1;
5726 	}
5727 
5728       decl = maybe_process_template_type_declaration
5729 	(type, scope == ts_within_enclosing_non_class, b);
5730       if (decl == error_mark_node)
5731 	return decl;
5732 
5733       if (b->kind == sk_class)
5734 	{
5735 	  if (!TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (current_class_type))
5736 	    return error_mark_node;
5737 
5738 	  if (!PROCESSING_REAL_TEMPLATE_DECL_P ())
5739 	    /* Put this TYPE_DECL on the TYPE_FIELDS list for the
5740 	       class.  But if it's a member template class, we want
5741 	       the TEMPLATE_DECL, not the TYPE_DECL, so this is done
5742 	       later.  */
5743 	    finish_member_declaration (decl);
5744 	  else
5745 	    pushdecl_class_level (decl);
5746 	}
5747       else if (b->kind != sk_template_parms)
5748 	{
5749 	  decl = pushdecl_with_scope_1 (decl, b, /*is_friend=*/false);
5750 	  if (decl == error_mark_node)
5751 	    return decl;
5752 	}
5753 
5754       if (! in_class)
5755 	set_identifier_type_value_with_scope (name, tdef, b);
5756 
5757       TYPE_CONTEXT (type) = DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
5758 
5759       /* If this is a local class, keep track of it.  We need this
5760 	 information for name-mangling, and so that it is possible to
5761 	 find all function definitions in a translation unit in a
5762 	 convenient way.  (It's otherwise tricky to find a member
5763 	 function definition it's only pointed to from within a local
5764 	 class.)  */
5765       if (TYPE_CONTEXT (type)
5766 	  && TREE_CODE (TYPE_CONTEXT (type)) == FUNCTION_DECL)
5767 	VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, local_classes, type);
5768     }
5769   if (b->kind == sk_class
5770       && !COMPLETE_TYPE_P (current_class_type))
5771     {
5772       maybe_add_class_template_decl_list (current_class_type,
5773 					  type, /*friend_p=*/0);
5774 
5775       if (CLASSTYPE_NESTED_UTDS (current_class_type) == NULL)
5776 	CLASSTYPE_NESTED_UTDS (current_class_type)
5777 	  = binding_table_new (SCOPE_DEFAULT_HT_SIZE);
5778 
5779       binding_table_insert
5780 	(CLASSTYPE_NESTED_UTDS (current_class_type), name, type);
5781     }
5782 
5783   decl = TYPE_NAME (type);
5784   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL);
5785 
5786   /* Set type visibility now if this is a forward declaration.  */
5787   TREE_PUBLIC (decl) = 1;
5788   determine_visibility (decl);
5789 
5790   return type;
5791 }
5792 
5793 /* Wrapper for pushtag_1.  */
5794 
5795 tree
5796 pushtag (tree name, tree type, tag_scope scope)
5797 {
5798   tree ret;
5799   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5800   ret = pushtag_1 (name, type, scope);
5801   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
5802   return ret;
5803 }
5804 
5805 /* Subroutines for reverting temporarily to top-level for instantiation
5806    of templates and such.  We actually need to clear out the class- and
5807    local-value slots of all identifiers, so that only the global values
5808    are at all visible.  Simply setting current_binding_level to the global
5809    scope isn't enough, because more binding levels may be pushed.  */
5810 struct saved_scope *scope_chain;
5811 
5812 /* If ID has not already been marked, add an appropriate binding to
5813    *OLD_BINDINGS.  */
5814 
5815 static void
5816 store_binding (tree id, VEC(cxx_saved_binding,gc) **old_bindings)
5817 {
5818   cxx_saved_binding *saved;
5819 
5820   if (!id || !IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id))
5821     return;
5822 
5823   if (IDENTIFIER_MARKED (id))
5824     return;
5825 
5826   IDENTIFIER_MARKED (id) = 1;
5827 
5828   saved = VEC_safe_push (cxx_saved_binding, gc, *old_bindings, NULL);
5829   saved->identifier = id;
5830   saved->binding = IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id);
5831   saved->real_type_value = REAL_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (id);
5832   IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id) = NULL;
5833 }
5834 
5835 static void
5836 store_bindings (tree names, VEC(cxx_saved_binding,gc) **old_bindings)
5837 {
5838   tree t;
5839 
5840   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5841   for (t = names; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5842     {
5843       tree id;
5844 
5845       if (TREE_CODE (t) == TREE_LIST)
5846 	id = TREE_PURPOSE (t);
5847       else
5848 	id = DECL_NAME (t);
5849 
5850       store_binding (id, old_bindings);
5851     }
5852   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
5853 }
5854 
5855 /* Like store_bindings, but NAMES is a vector of cp_class_binding
5856    objects, rather than a TREE_LIST.  */
5857 
5858 static void
5859 store_class_bindings (VEC(cp_class_binding,gc) *names,
5860 		      VEC(cxx_saved_binding,gc) **old_bindings)
5861 {
5862   size_t i;
5863   cp_class_binding *cb;
5864 
5865   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5866   for (i = 0; VEC_iterate(cp_class_binding, names, i, cb); ++i)
5867     store_binding (cb->identifier, old_bindings);
5868   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
5869 }
5870 
5871 void
5872 push_to_top_level (void)
5873 {
5874   struct saved_scope *s;
5875   cp_binding_level *b;
5876   cxx_saved_binding *sb;
5877   size_t i;
5878   bool need_pop;
5879 
5880   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5881   s = ggc_alloc_cleared_saved_scope ();
5882 
5883   b = scope_chain ? current_binding_level : 0;
5884 
5885   /* If we're in the middle of some function, save our state.  */
5886   if (cfun)
5887     {
5888       need_pop = true;
5889       push_function_context ();
5890     }
5891   else
5892     need_pop = false;
5893 
5894   if (scope_chain && previous_class_level)
5895     store_class_bindings (previous_class_level->class_shadowed,
5896 			  &s->old_bindings);
5897 
5898   /* Have to include the global scope, because class-scope decls
5899      aren't listed anywhere useful.  */
5900   for (; b; b = b->level_chain)
5901     {
5902       tree t;
5903 
5904       /* Template IDs are inserted into the global level. If they were
5905 	 inserted into namespace level, finish_file wouldn't find them
5906 	 when doing pending instantiations. Therefore, don't stop at
5907 	 namespace level, but continue until :: .  */
5908       if (global_scope_p (b))
5909 	break;
5910 
5911       store_bindings (b->names, &s->old_bindings);
5912       /* We also need to check class_shadowed to save class-level type
5913 	 bindings, since pushclass doesn't fill in b->names.  */
5914       if (b->kind == sk_class)
5915 	store_class_bindings (b->class_shadowed, &s->old_bindings);
5916 
5917       /* Unwind type-value slots back to top level.  */
5918       for (t = b->type_shadowed; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5919 	SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (TREE_PURPOSE (t), TREE_VALUE (t));
5920     }
5921 
5922   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (cxx_saved_binding, s->old_bindings, i, sb)
5923     IDENTIFIER_MARKED (sb->identifier) = 0;
5924 
5925   s->prev = scope_chain;
5926   s->bindings = b;
5927   s->need_pop_function_context = need_pop;
5928   s->function_decl = current_function_decl;
5929   s->unevaluated_operand = cp_unevaluated_operand;
5930   s->inhibit_evaluation_warnings = c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings;
5931   s->x_stmt_tree.stmts_are_full_exprs_p = true;
5932 
5933   scope_chain = s;
5934   current_function_decl = NULL_TREE;
5935   current_lang_base = VEC_alloc (tree, gc, 10);
5936   current_lang_name = lang_name_cplusplus;
5937   current_namespace = global_namespace;
5938   push_class_stack ();
5939   cp_unevaluated_operand = 0;
5940   c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings = 0;
5941   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
5942 }
5943 
5944 static void
5945 pop_from_top_level_1 (void)
5946 {
5947   struct saved_scope *s = scope_chain;
5948   cxx_saved_binding *saved;
5949   size_t i;
5950 
5951   /* Clear out class-level bindings cache.  */
5952   if (previous_class_level)
5953     invalidate_class_lookup_cache ();
5954   pop_class_stack ();
5955 
5956   current_lang_base = 0;
5957 
5958   scope_chain = s->prev;
5959   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (cxx_saved_binding, s->old_bindings, i, saved)
5960     {
5961       tree id = saved->identifier;
5962 
5963       IDENTIFIER_BINDING (id) = saved->binding;
5964       SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (id, saved->real_type_value);
5965     }
5966 
5967   /* If we were in the middle of compiling a function, restore our
5968      state.  */
5969   if (s->need_pop_function_context)
5970     pop_function_context ();
5971   current_function_decl = s->function_decl;
5972   cp_unevaluated_operand = s->unevaluated_operand;
5973   c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings = s->inhibit_evaluation_warnings;
5974 }
5975 
5976 /* Wrapper for pop_from_top_level_1.  */
5977 
5978 void
5979 pop_from_top_level (void)
5980 {
5981   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_NAME_LOOKUP);
5982   pop_from_top_level_1 ();
5983   timevar_cond_stop (TV_NAME_LOOKUP, subtime);
5984 }
5985 
5986 
5987 /* Pop off extraneous binding levels left over due to syntax errors.
5988 
5989    We don't pop past namespaces, as they might be valid.  */
5990 
5991 void
5992 pop_everything (void)
5993 {
5994   if (ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING)
5995     verbatim ("XXX entering pop_everything ()\n");
5996   while (!toplevel_bindings_p ())
5997     {
5998       if (current_binding_level->kind == sk_class)
5999 	pop_nested_class ();
6000       else
6001 	poplevel (0, 0, 0);
6002     }
6003   if (ENABLE_SCOPE_CHECKING)
6004     verbatim ("XXX leaving pop_everything ()\n");
6005 }
6006 
6007 /* Emit debugging information for using declarations and directives.
6008    If input tree is overloaded fn then emit debug info for all
6009    candidates.  */
6010 
6011 void
6012 cp_emit_debug_info_for_using (tree t, tree context)
6013 {
6014   /* Don't try to emit any debug information if we have errors.  */
6015   if (seen_error ())
6016     return;
6017 
6018   /* Ignore this FUNCTION_DECL if it refers to a builtin declaration
6019      of a builtin function.  */
6020   if (TREE_CODE (t) == FUNCTION_DECL
6021       && DECL_EXTERNAL (t)
6022       && DECL_BUILT_IN (t))
6023     return;
6024 
6025   /* Do not supply context to imported_module_or_decl, if
6026      it is a global namespace.  */
6027   if (context == global_namespace)
6028     context = NULL_TREE;
6029 
6030   if (BASELINK_P (t))
6031     t = BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (t);
6032 
6033   /* FIXME: Handle TEMPLATE_DECLs.  */
6034   for (t = OVL_CURRENT (t); t; t = OVL_NEXT (t))
6035     if (TREE_CODE (t) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
6036       {
6037 	if (building_stmt_list_p ())
6038 	  add_stmt (build_stmt (input_location, USING_STMT, t));
6039 	else
6040 	  (*debug_hooks->imported_module_or_decl) (t, NULL_TREE, context, false);
6041       }
6042 }
6043 
6044 #include "gt-cp-name-lookup.h"
6045