xref: /dragonfly/crypto/openssh/misc.c (revision bcb3e04d)
1 /* $OpenBSD: misc.c,v 1.80 2010/07/21 02:10:58 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2005,2006 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include "includes.h"
28 
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
31 #include <sys/socket.h>
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 
34 #include <stdarg.h>
35 #include <stdio.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <unistd.h>
39 
40 #include <netinet/in.h>
41 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
42 
43 #include <errno.h>
44 #include <fcntl.h>
45 #include <netdb.h>
46 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
47 # include <paths.h>
48 #include <pwd.h>
49 #endif
50 #ifdef SSH_TUN_OPENBSD
51 #include <net/if.h>
52 #endif
53 
54 #include "xmalloc.h"
55 #include "misc.h"
56 #include "log.h"
57 #include "ssh.h"
58 
59 /* remove newline at end of string */
60 char *
61 chop(char *s)
62 {
63 	char *t = s;
64 	while (*t) {
65 		if (*t == '\n' || *t == '\r') {
66 			*t = '\0';
67 			return s;
68 		}
69 		t++;
70 	}
71 	return s;
72 
73 }
74 
75 /* set/unset filedescriptor to non-blocking */
76 int
77 set_nonblock(int fd)
78 {
79 	int val;
80 
81 	val = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
82 	if (val < 0) {
83 		error("fcntl(%d, F_GETFL, 0): %s", fd, strerror(errno));
84 		return (-1);
85 	}
86 	if (val & O_NONBLOCK) {
87 		debug3("fd %d is O_NONBLOCK", fd);
88 		return (0);
89 	}
90 	debug2("fd %d setting O_NONBLOCK", fd);
91 	val |= O_NONBLOCK;
92 	if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, val) == -1) {
93 		debug("fcntl(%d, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK): %s", fd,
94 		    strerror(errno));
95 		return (-1);
96 	}
97 	return (0);
98 }
99 
100 int
101 unset_nonblock(int fd)
102 {
103 	int val;
104 
105 	val = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
106 	if (val < 0) {
107 		error("fcntl(%d, F_GETFL, 0): %s", fd, strerror(errno));
108 		return (-1);
109 	}
110 	if (!(val & O_NONBLOCK)) {
111 		debug3("fd %d is not O_NONBLOCK", fd);
112 		return (0);
113 	}
114 	debug("fd %d clearing O_NONBLOCK", fd);
115 	val &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
116 	if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, val) == -1) {
117 		debug("fcntl(%d, F_SETFL, ~O_NONBLOCK): %s",
118 		    fd, strerror(errno));
119 		return (-1);
120 	}
121 	return (0);
122 }
123 
124 const char *
125 ssh_gai_strerror(int gaierr)
126 {
127 	if (gaierr == EAI_SYSTEM)
128 		return strerror(errno);
129 	return gai_strerror(gaierr);
130 }
131 
132 /* disable nagle on socket */
133 void
134 set_nodelay(int fd)
135 {
136 	int opt;
137 	socklen_t optlen;
138 
139 	optlen = sizeof opt;
140 	if (getsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &opt, &optlen) == -1) {
141 		debug("getsockopt TCP_NODELAY: %.100s", strerror(errno));
142 		return;
143 	}
144 	if (opt == 1) {
145 		debug2("fd %d is TCP_NODELAY", fd);
146 		return;
147 	}
148 	opt = 1;
149 	debug2("fd %d setting TCP_NODELAY", fd);
150 	if (setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &opt, sizeof opt) == -1)
151 		error("setsockopt TCP_NODELAY: %.100s", strerror(errno));
152 }
153 
154 /* Characters considered whitespace in strsep calls. */
155 #define WHITESPACE " \t\r\n"
156 #define QUOTE	"\""
157 
158 /* return next token in configuration line */
159 char *
160 strdelim(char **s)
161 {
162 	char *old;
163 	int wspace = 0;
164 
165 	if (*s == NULL)
166 		return NULL;
167 
168 	old = *s;
169 
170 	*s = strpbrk(*s, WHITESPACE QUOTE "=");
171 	if (*s == NULL)
172 		return (old);
173 
174 	if (*s[0] == '\"') {
175 		memmove(*s, *s + 1, strlen(*s)); /* move nul too */
176 		/* Find matching quote */
177 		if ((*s = strpbrk(*s, QUOTE)) == NULL) {
178 			return (NULL);		/* no matching quote */
179 		} else {
180 			*s[0] = '\0';
181 			*s += strspn(*s + 1, WHITESPACE) + 1;
182 			return (old);
183 		}
184 	}
185 
186 	/* Allow only one '=' to be skipped */
187 	if (*s[0] == '=')
188 		wspace = 1;
189 	*s[0] = '\0';
190 
191 	/* Skip any extra whitespace after first token */
192 	*s += strspn(*s + 1, WHITESPACE) + 1;
193 	if (*s[0] == '=' && !wspace)
194 		*s += strspn(*s + 1, WHITESPACE) + 1;
195 
196 	return (old);
197 }
198 
199 struct passwd *
200 pwcopy(struct passwd *pw)
201 {
202 	struct passwd *copy = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*copy));
203 
204 	copy->pw_name = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
205 	copy->pw_passwd = xstrdup(pw->pw_passwd);
206 	copy->pw_gecos = xstrdup(pw->pw_gecos);
207 	copy->pw_uid = pw->pw_uid;
208 	copy->pw_gid = pw->pw_gid;
209 #ifdef HAVE_PW_EXPIRE_IN_PASSWD
210 	copy->pw_expire = pw->pw_expire;
211 #endif
212 #ifdef HAVE_PW_CHANGE_IN_PASSWD
213 	copy->pw_change = pw->pw_change;
214 #endif
215 #ifdef HAVE_PW_CLASS_IN_PASSWD
216 	copy->pw_class = xstrdup(pw->pw_class);
217 #endif
218 	copy->pw_dir = xstrdup(pw->pw_dir);
219 	copy->pw_shell = xstrdup(pw->pw_shell);
220 	return copy;
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * Convert ASCII string to TCP/IP port number.
225  * Port must be >=0 and <=65535.
226  * Return -1 if invalid.
227  */
228 int
229 a2port(const char *s)
230 {
231 	long long port;
232 	const char *errstr;
233 
234 	port = strtonum(s, 0, 65535, &errstr);
235 	if (errstr != NULL)
236 		return -1;
237 	return (int)port;
238 }
239 
240 int
241 a2tun(const char *s, int *remote)
242 {
243 	const char *errstr = NULL;
244 	char *sp, *ep;
245 	int tun;
246 
247 	if (remote != NULL) {
248 		*remote = SSH_TUNID_ANY;
249 		sp = xstrdup(s);
250 		if ((ep = strchr(sp, ':')) == NULL) {
251 			xfree(sp);
252 			return (a2tun(s, NULL));
253 		}
254 		ep[0] = '\0'; ep++;
255 		*remote = a2tun(ep, NULL);
256 		tun = a2tun(sp, NULL);
257 		xfree(sp);
258 		return (*remote == SSH_TUNID_ERR ? *remote : tun);
259 	}
260 
261 	if (strcasecmp(s, "any") == 0)
262 		return (SSH_TUNID_ANY);
263 
264 	tun = strtonum(s, 0, SSH_TUNID_MAX, &errstr);
265 	if (errstr != NULL)
266 		return (SSH_TUNID_ERR);
267 
268 	return (tun);
269 }
270 
271 #define SECONDS		1
272 #define MINUTES		(SECONDS * 60)
273 #define HOURS		(MINUTES * 60)
274 #define DAYS		(HOURS * 24)
275 #define WEEKS		(DAYS * 7)
276 
277 /*
278  * Convert a time string into seconds; format is
279  * a sequence of:
280  *      time[qualifier]
281  *
282  * Valid time qualifiers are:
283  *      <none>  seconds
284  *      s|S     seconds
285  *      m|M     minutes
286  *      h|H     hours
287  *      d|D     days
288  *      w|W     weeks
289  *
290  * Examples:
291  *      90m     90 minutes
292  *      1h30m   90 minutes
293  *      2d      2 days
294  *      1w      1 week
295  *
296  * Return -1 if time string is invalid.
297  */
298 long
299 convtime(const char *s)
300 {
301 	long total, secs;
302 	const char *p;
303 	char *endp;
304 
305 	errno = 0;
306 	total = 0;
307 	p = s;
308 
309 	if (p == NULL || *p == '\0')
310 		return -1;
311 
312 	while (*p) {
313 		secs = strtol(p, &endp, 10);
314 		if (p == endp ||
315 		    (errno == ERANGE && (secs == LONG_MIN || secs == LONG_MAX)) ||
316 		    secs < 0)
317 			return -1;
318 
319 		switch (*endp++) {
320 		case '\0':
321 			endp--;
322 			break;
323 		case 's':
324 		case 'S':
325 			break;
326 		case 'm':
327 		case 'M':
328 			secs *= MINUTES;
329 			break;
330 		case 'h':
331 		case 'H':
332 			secs *= HOURS;
333 			break;
334 		case 'd':
335 		case 'D':
336 			secs *= DAYS;
337 			break;
338 		case 'w':
339 		case 'W':
340 			secs *= WEEKS;
341 			break;
342 		default:
343 			return -1;
344 		}
345 		total += secs;
346 		if (total < 0)
347 			return -1;
348 		p = endp;
349 	}
350 
351 	return total;
352 }
353 
354 /*
355  * Returns a standardized host+port identifier string.
356  * Caller must free returned string.
357  */
358 char *
359 put_host_port(const char *host, u_short port)
360 {
361 	char *hoststr;
362 
363 	if (port == 0 || port == SSH_DEFAULT_PORT)
364 		return(xstrdup(host));
365 	if (asprintf(&hoststr, "[%s]:%d", host, (int)port) < 0)
366 		fatal("put_host_port: asprintf: %s", strerror(errno));
367 	debug3("put_host_port: %s", hoststr);
368 	return hoststr;
369 }
370 
371 /*
372  * Search for next delimiter between hostnames/addresses and ports.
373  * Argument may be modified (for termination).
374  * Returns *cp if parsing succeeds.
375  * *cp is set to the start of the next delimiter, if one was found.
376  * If this is the last field, *cp is set to NULL.
377  */
378 char *
379 hpdelim(char **cp)
380 {
381 	char *s, *old;
382 
383 	if (cp == NULL || *cp == NULL)
384 		return NULL;
385 
386 	old = s = *cp;
387 	if (*s == '[') {
388 		if ((s = strchr(s, ']')) == NULL)
389 			return NULL;
390 		else
391 			s++;
392 	} else if ((s = strpbrk(s, ":/")) == NULL)
393 		s = *cp + strlen(*cp); /* skip to end (see first case below) */
394 
395 	switch (*s) {
396 	case '\0':
397 		*cp = NULL;	/* no more fields*/
398 		break;
399 
400 	case ':':
401 	case '/':
402 		*s = '\0';	/* terminate */
403 		*cp = s + 1;
404 		break;
405 
406 	default:
407 		return NULL;
408 	}
409 
410 	return old;
411 }
412 
413 char *
414 cleanhostname(char *host)
415 {
416 	if (*host == '[' && host[strlen(host) - 1] == ']') {
417 		host[strlen(host) - 1] = '\0';
418 		return (host + 1);
419 	} else
420 		return host;
421 }
422 
423 char *
424 colon(char *cp)
425 {
426 	int flag = 0;
427 
428 	if (*cp == ':')		/* Leading colon is part of file name. */
429 		return NULL;
430 	if (*cp == '[')
431 		flag = 1;
432 
433 	for (; *cp; ++cp) {
434 		if (*cp == '@' && *(cp+1) == '[')
435 			flag = 1;
436 		if (*cp == ']' && *(cp+1) == ':' && flag)
437 			return (cp+1);
438 		if (*cp == ':' && !flag)
439 			return (cp);
440 		if (*cp == '/')
441 			return NULL;
442 	}
443 	return NULL;
444 }
445 
446 /* function to assist building execv() arguments */
447 void
448 addargs(arglist *args, char *fmt, ...)
449 {
450 	va_list ap;
451 	char *cp;
452 	u_int nalloc;
453 	int r;
454 
455 	va_start(ap, fmt);
456 	r = vasprintf(&cp, fmt, ap);
457 	va_end(ap);
458 	if (r == -1)
459 		fatal("addargs: argument too long");
460 
461 	nalloc = args->nalloc;
462 	if (args->list == NULL) {
463 		nalloc = 32;
464 		args->num = 0;
465 	} else if (args->num+2 >= nalloc)
466 		nalloc *= 2;
467 
468 	args->list = xrealloc(args->list, nalloc, sizeof(char *));
469 	args->nalloc = nalloc;
470 	args->list[args->num++] = cp;
471 	args->list[args->num] = NULL;
472 }
473 
474 void
475 replacearg(arglist *args, u_int which, char *fmt, ...)
476 {
477 	va_list ap;
478 	char *cp;
479 	int r;
480 
481 	va_start(ap, fmt);
482 	r = vasprintf(&cp, fmt, ap);
483 	va_end(ap);
484 	if (r == -1)
485 		fatal("replacearg: argument too long");
486 
487 	if (which >= args->num)
488 		fatal("replacearg: tried to replace invalid arg %d >= %d",
489 		    which, args->num);
490 	xfree(args->list[which]);
491 	args->list[which] = cp;
492 }
493 
494 void
495 freeargs(arglist *args)
496 {
497 	u_int i;
498 
499 	if (args->list != NULL) {
500 		for (i = 0; i < args->num; i++)
501 			xfree(args->list[i]);
502 		xfree(args->list);
503 		args->nalloc = args->num = 0;
504 		args->list = NULL;
505 	}
506 }
507 
508 /*
509  * Expands tildes in the file name.  Returns data allocated by xmalloc.
510  * Warning: this calls getpw*.
511  */
512 char *
513 tilde_expand_filename(const char *filename, uid_t uid)
514 {
515 	const char *path;
516 	char user[128], ret[MAXPATHLEN];
517 	struct passwd *pw;
518 	u_int len, slash;
519 
520 	if (*filename != '~')
521 		return (xstrdup(filename));
522 	filename++;
523 
524 	path = strchr(filename, '/');
525 	if (path != NULL && path > filename) {		/* ~user/path */
526 		slash = path - filename;
527 		if (slash > sizeof(user) - 1)
528 			fatal("tilde_expand_filename: ~username too long");
529 		memcpy(user, filename, slash);
530 		user[slash] = '\0';
531 		if ((pw = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
532 			fatal("tilde_expand_filename: No such user %s", user);
533 	} else if ((pw = getpwuid(uid)) == NULL)	/* ~/path */
534 		fatal("tilde_expand_filename: No such uid %ld", (long)uid);
535 
536 	if (strlcpy(ret, pw->pw_dir, sizeof(ret)) >= sizeof(ret))
537 		fatal("tilde_expand_filename: Path too long");
538 
539 	/* Make sure directory has a trailing '/' */
540 	len = strlen(pw->pw_dir);
541 	if ((len == 0 || pw->pw_dir[len - 1] != '/') &&
542 	    strlcat(ret, "/", sizeof(ret)) >= sizeof(ret))
543 		fatal("tilde_expand_filename: Path too long");
544 
545 	/* Skip leading '/' from specified path */
546 	if (path != NULL)
547 		filename = path + 1;
548 	if (strlcat(ret, filename, sizeof(ret)) >= sizeof(ret))
549 		fatal("tilde_expand_filename: Path too long");
550 
551 	return (xstrdup(ret));
552 }
553 
554 /*
555  * Expand a string with a set of %[char] escapes. A number of escapes may be
556  * specified as (char *escape_chars, char *replacement) pairs. The list must
557  * be terminated by a NULL escape_char. Returns replaced string in memory
558  * allocated by xmalloc.
559  */
560 char *
561 percent_expand(const char *string, ...)
562 {
563 #define EXPAND_MAX_KEYS	16
564 	u_int num_keys, i, j;
565 	struct {
566 		const char *key;
567 		const char *repl;
568 	} keys[EXPAND_MAX_KEYS];
569 	char buf[4096];
570 	va_list ap;
571 
572 	/* Gather keys */
573 	va_start(ap, string);
574 	for (num_keys = 0; num_keys < EXPAND_MAX_KEYS; num_keys++) {
575 		keys[num_keys].key = va_arg(ap, char *);
576 		if (keys[num_keys].key == NULL)
577 			break;
578 		keys[num_keys].repl = va_arg(ap, char *);
579 		if (keys[num_keys].repl == NULL)
580 			fatal("%s: NULL replacement", __func__);
581 	}
582 	if (num_keys == EXPAND_MAX_KEYS && va_arg(ap, char *) != NULL)
583 		fatal("%s: too many keys", __func__);
584 	va_end(ap);
585 
586 	/* Expand string */
587 	*buf = '\0';
588 	for (i = 0; *string != '\0'; string++) {
589 		if (*string != '%') {
590  append:
591 			buf[i++] = *string;
592 			if (i >= sizeof(buf))
593 				fatal("%s: string too long", __func__);
594 			buf[i] = '\0';
595 			continue;
596 		}
597 		string++;
598 		/* %% case */
599 		if (*string == '%')
600 			goto append;
601 		for (j = 0; j < num_keys; j++) {
602 			if (strchr(keys[j].key, *string) != NULL) {
603 				i = strlcat(buf, keys[j].repl, sizeof(buf));
604 				if (i >= sizeof(buf))
605 					fatal("%s: string too long", __func__);
606 				break;
607 			}
608 		}
609 		if (j >= num_keys)
610 			fatal("%s: unknown key %%%c", __func__, *string);
611 	}
612 	return (xstrdup(buf));
613 #undef EXPAND_MAX_KEYS
614 }
615 
616 /*
617  * Read an entire line from a public key file into a static buffer, discarding
618  * lines that exceed the buffer size.  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
619  */
620 int
621 read_keyfile_line(FILE *f, const char *filename, char *buf, size_t bufsz,
622    u_long *lineno)
623 {
624 	while (fgets(buf, bufsz, f) != NULL) {
625 		if (buf[0] == '\0')
626 			continue;
627 		(*lineno)++;
628 		if (buf[strlen(buf) - 1] == '\n' || feof(f)) {
629 			return 0;
630 		} else {
631 			debug("%s: %s line %lu exceeds size limit", __func__,
632 			    filename, *lineno);
633 			/* discard remainder of line */
634 			while (fgetc(f) != '\n' && !feof(f))
635 				;	/* nothing */
636 		}
637 	}
638 	return -1;
639 }
640 
641 int
642 tun_open(int tun, int mode)
643 {
644 #if defined(CUSTOM_SYS_TUN_OPEN)
645 	return (sys_tun_open(tun, mode));
646 #elif defined(SSH_TUN_OPENBSD)
647 	struct ifreq ifr;
648 	char name[100];
649 	int fd = -1, sock;
650 
651 	/* Open the tunnel device */
652 	if (tun <= SSH_TUNID_MAX) {
653 		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "/dev/tun%d", tun);
654 		fd = open(name, O_RDWR);
655 	} else if (tun == SSH_TUNID_ANY) {
656 		for (tun = 100; tun >= 0; tun--) {
657 			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "/dev/tun%d", tun);
658 			if ((fd = open(name, O_RDWR)) >= 0)
659 				break;
660 		}
661 	} else {
662 		debug("%s: invalid tunnel %u", __func__, tun);
663 		return (-1);
664 	}
665 
666 	if (fd < 0) {
667 		debug("%s: %s open failed: %s", __func__, name, strerror(errno));
668 		return (-1);
669 	}
670 
671 	debug("%s: %s mode %d fd %d", __func__, name, mode, fd);
672 
673 	/* Set the tunnel device operation mode */
674 	snprintf(ifr.ifr_name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name), "tun%d", tun);
675 	if ((sock = socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
676 		goto failed;
677 
678 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1)
679 		goto failed;
680 
681 	/* Set interface mode */
682 	ifr.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_UP;
683 	if (mode == SSH_TUNMODE_ETHERNET)
684 		ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_LINK0;
685 	else
686 		ifr.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_LINK0;
687 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1)
688 		goto failed;
689 
690 	/* Bring interface up */
691 	ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
692 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1)
693 		goto failed;
694 
695 	close(sock);
696 	return (fd);
697 
698  failed:
699 	if (fd >= 0)
700 		close(fd);
701 	if (sock >= 0)
702 		close(sock);
703 	debug("%s: failed to set %s mode %d: %s", __func__, name,
704 	    mode, strerror(errno));
705 	return (-1);
706 #else
707 	error("Tunnel interfaces are not supported on this platform");
708 	return (-1);
709 #endif
710 }
711 
712 void
713 sanitise_stdfd(void)
714 {
715 	int nullfd, dupfd;
716 
717 	if ((nullfd = dupfd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
718 		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open /dev/null: %s\n",
719 		    strerror(errno));
720 		exit(1);
721 	}
722 	while (++dupfd <= 2) {
723 		/* Only clobber closed fds */
724 		if (fcntl(dupfd, F_GETFL, 0) >= 0)
725 			continue;
726 		if (dup2(nullfd, dupfd) == -1) {
727 			fprintf(stderr, "dup2: %s\n", strerror(errno));
728 			exit(1);
729 		}
730 	}
731 	if (nullfd > 2)
732 		close(nullfd);
733 }
734 
735 char *
736 tohex(const void *vp, size_t l)
737 {
738 	const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
739 	char b[3], *r;
740 	size_t i, hl;
741 
742 	if (l > 65536)
743 		return xstrdup("tohex: length > 65536");
744 
745 	hl = l * 2 + 1;
746 	r = xcalloc(1, hl);
747 	for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
748 		snprintf(b, sizeof(b), "%02x", p[i]);
749 		strlcat(r, b, hl);
750 	}
751 	return (r);
752 }
753 
754 u_int64_t
755 get_u64(const void *vp)
756 {
757 	const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
758 	u_int64_t v;
759 
760 	v  = (u_int64_t)p[0] << 56;
761 	v |= (u_int64_t)p[1] << 48;
762 	v |= (u_int64_t)p[2] << 40;
763 	v |= (u_int64_t)p[3] << 32;
764 	v |= (u_int64_t)p[4] << 24;
765 	v |= (u_int64_t)p[5] << 16;
766 	v |= (u_int64_t)p[6] << 8;
767 	v |= (u_int64_t)p[7];
768 
769 	return (v);
770 }
771 
772 u_int32_t
773 get_u32(const void *vp)
774 {
775 	const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
776 	u_int32_t v;
777 
778 	v  = (u_int32_t)p[0] << 24;
779 	v |= (u_int32_t)p[1] << 16;
780 	v |= (u_int32_t)p[2] << 8;
781 	v |= (u_int32_t)p[3];
782 
783 	return (v);
784 }
785 
786 u_int16_t
787 get_u16(const void *vp)
788 {
789 	const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
790 	u_int16_t v;
791 
792 	v  = (u_int16_t)p[0] << 8;
793 	v |= (u_int16_t)p[1];
794 
795 	return (v);
796 }
797 
798 void
799 put_u64(void *vp, u_int64_t v)
800 {
801 	u_char *p = (u_char *)vp;
802 
803 	p[0] = (u_char)(v >> 56) & 0xff;
804 	p[1] = (u_char)(v >> 48) & 0xff;
805 	p[2] = (u_char)(v >> 40) & 0xff;
806 	p[3] = (u_char)(v >> 32) & 0xff;
807 	p[4] = (u_char)(v >> 24) & 0xff;
808 	p[5] = (u_char)(v >> 16) & 0xff;
809 	p[6] = (u_char)(v >> 8) & 0xff;
810 	p[7] = (u_char)v & 0xff;
811 }
812 
813 void
814 put_u32(void *vp, u_int32_t v)
815 {
816 	u_char *p = (u_char *)vp;
817 
818 	p[0] = (u_char)(v >> 24) & 0xff;
819 	p[1] = (u_char)(v >> 16) & 0xff;
820 	p[2] = (u_char)(v >> 8) & 0xff;
821 	p[3] = (u_char)v & 0xff;
822 }
823 
824 
825 void
826 put_u16(void *vp, u_int16_t v)
827 {
828 	u_char *p = (u_char *)vp;
829 
830 	p[0] = (u_char)(v >> 8) & 0xff;
831 	p[1] = (u_char)v & 0xff;
832 }
833 
834 void
835 ms_subtract_diff(struct timeval *start, int *ms)
836 {
837 	struct timeval diff, finish;
838 
839 	gettimeofday(&finish, NULL);
840 	timersub(&finish, start, &diff);
841 	*ms -= (diff.tv_sec * 1000) + (diff.tv_usec / 1000);
842 }
843 
844 void
845 ms_to_timeval(struct timeval *tv, int ms)
846 {
847 	if (ms < 0)
848 		ms = 0;
849 	tv->tv_sec = ms / 1000;
850 	tv->tv_usec = (ms % 1000) * 1000;
851 }
852 
853 int
854 timingsafe_bcmp(const void *b1, const void *b2, size_t n)
855 {
856 	const unsigned char *p1 = b1, *p2 = b2;
857 	int ret = 0;
858 
859 	for (; n > 0; n--)
860 		ret |= *p1++ ^ *p2++;
861 	return (ret != 0);
862 }
863 void
864 sock_set_v6only(int s)
865 {
866 #ifdef IPV6_V6ONLY
867 	int on = 1;
868 
869 	debug3("%s: set socket %d IPV6_V6ONLY", __func__, s);
870 	if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)
871 		error("setsockopt IPV6_V6ONLY: %s", strerror(errno));
872 #endif
873 }
874