xref: /dragonfly/games/caesar/caesar.c (revision ae24b5e0)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Rick Adams.
7  *
8  * Authors:
9  *	Stan King, John Eldridge, based on algorithm suggested by
10  *	Bob Morris
11  * 29-Sep-82
12  *
13  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
14  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
15  * are met:
16  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
20  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
21  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
22  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
23  *    without specific prior written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
28  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
29  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
30  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
36  *
37  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
38  * @(#)caesar.c    8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93
39  * $FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/caesar/caesar.c 241846 2012-10-22 03:06:53Z eadler $
40  */
41 
42 #include <ctype.h>
43 #include <err.h>
44 #include <errno.h>
45 #include <math.h>
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <unistd.h>
50 
51 #define	LETTERS		26
52 #define	LINELENGTH	2048
53 #define	ROTATE(ch, perm) \
54      isascii(ch) ? ( \
55 	isupper(ch) ? ('A' + (ch - 'A' + perm) % LETTERS) : \
56 	    islower(ch) ? ('a' + (ch - 'a' + perm) % LETTERS) : ch) : ch
57 
58 /*
59  * letter frequencies (taken from some unix(tm) documentation)
60  * (unix is a trademark of Bell Laboratories)
61  */
62 static double stdf[LETTERS] = {
63 	7.97, 1.35, 3.61, 4.78, 12.37, 2.01, 1.46, 4.49, 6.39, 0.04,
64 	0.42, 3.81, 2.69, 5.92,  6.96, 2.91, 0.08, 6.63, 8.77, 9.68,
65 	2.62, 0.81, 1.88, 0.23,  2.07, 0.06
66 };
67 
68 static void
69 printit(const char *arg)
70 {
71 	int ch, rot;
72 
73 	if ((rot = atoi(arg)) < 0)
74 		errx(1, "bad rotation value");
75 
76 	while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF)
77 		putchar(ROTATE(ch, rot));
78 	exit(0);
79 }
80 
81 int
82 main(int argc, char *argv[])
83 {
84 	int ch, dot, i, nread, winnerdot;
85 	char *inbuf;
86 	int obs[LETTERS], try, winner;
87 
88 	/* revoke setgid privileges */
89 	setgid(getgid());
90 
91 	if (argc > 1)
92 		printit(argv[1]);
93 
94 	if ((inbuf = malloc(LINELENGTH)) == NULL)
95 		err(1, "malloc failed");
96 
97 	/* adjust frequency table to weight low probs REAL low */
98 	for (i = 0; i < LETTERS; i++)
99 		stdf[i] = log(stdf[i]) + log(LETTERS / 100.0);
100 
101 	/* zero out observation table */
102 	bzero(obs, LETTERS * sizeof(int));
103 
104 	if ((nread = read(STDIN_FILENO, inbuf, LINELENGTH)) < 0)
105 		err(1, "read failed");
106 	for (i = nread; i--;) {
107 		ch = (unsigned char) inbuf[i];
108 		if (isascii(ch)) {
109 			if (islower(ch))
110 				++obs[ch - 'a'];
111 			else if (isupper(ch))
112 				++obs[ch - 'A'];
113 		}
114 	}
115 
116 	/*
117 	 * now "dot" the freqs with the observed letter freqs
118 	 * and keep track of best fit
119 	 */
120 	winner = 0;
121 	winnerdot = 0;
122 	for (try = 0; try < LETTERS; try++) {
123 		dot = 0;
124 		for (i = 0; i < LETTERS; i++)
125 			dot += obs[i] * stdf[(i + try) % LETTERS];
126 		/* initialize winning score */
127 		if (try == 0)
128 			winnerdot = dot;
129 		if (dot > winnerdot) {
130 			/* got a new winner! */
131 			winner = try;
132 			winnerdot = dot;
133 		}
134 	}
135 
136 	for (;;) {
137 		for (i = 0; i < nread; ++i) {
138 			ch = (unsigned char) inbuf[i];
139 			putchar(ROTATE(ch, winner));
140 		}
141 		if (nread < LINELENGTH)
142 			break;
143 		if ((nread = read(STDIN_FILENO, inbuf, LINELENGTH)) < 0)
144 			err(1, "read failed");
145 	}
146 	exit(0);
147 }
148