xref: /dragonfly/lib/libc/string/strtok.3 (revision 2038fb68)
1.\" Copyright (c) 1998 Softweyr LLC.  All rights reserved.
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3.\" strtok_r, from Berkeley strtok
4.\" Oct 13, 1998 by Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>
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44.\"     @(#)strtok.3	8.2 (Berkeley) 2/3/94
45.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/string/strtok.3,v 1.26 2007/12/12 18:33:06 wes Exp $
46.\" $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/string/strtok.3,v 1.4 2006/02/17 19:35:06 swildner Exp $
47.\"
48.Dd November 27, 1998
49.Dt STRTOK 3
50.Os
51.Sh NAME
52.Nm strtok ,
53.Nm strtok_r
54.Nd string tokens
55.Sh LIBRARY
56.Lb libc
57.Sh SYNOPSIS
58.In string.h
59.Ft char *
60.Fn strtok "char *str" "const char *sep"
61.Ft char *
62.Fn strtok_r "char *str" "const char *sep" "char **last"
63.Sh DESCRIPTION
64.Bf -symbolic
65This interface is obsoleted by
66.Xr strsep 3 .
67.Ef
68.Pp
69The
70.Fn strtok
71function
72is used to isolate sequential tokens in a null-terminated string,
73.Fa str .
74These tokens are separated in the string by at least one of the
75characters in
76.Fa sep .
77The first time that
78.Fn strtok
79is called,
80.Fa str
81should be specified; subsequent calls, wishing to obtain further tokens
82from the same string, should pass a null pointer instead.
83The separator string,
84.Fa sep ,
85must be supplied each time, and may change between calls.
86.Pp
87The implementation will behave as if no library function calls
88.Fn strtok .
89.Pp
90The
91.Fn strtok_r
92function is a reentrant version of
93.Fn strtok .
94The context pointer
95.Fa last
96must be provided on each call.
97The
98.Fn strtok_r
99function
100may also be used to nest two parsing loops within one another, as
101long as separate context pointers are used.
102.Pp
103The
104.Fn strtok
105and
106.Fn strtok_r
107functions
108return a pointer to the beginning of each subsequent token in the string,
109after replacing the token itself with a
110.Dv NUL
111character.
112When no more tokens remain, a null pointer is returned.
113.Sh EXAMPLES
114The following uses
115.Fn strtok_r
116to parse two strings using separate contexts:
117.Bd -literal
118char test[80], blah[80];
119char *sep = "\e\e/:;=-";
120char *word, *phrase, *brkt, *brkb;
121
122strcpy(test, "This;is.a:test:of=the/string\e\etokenizer-function.");
123
124for (word = strtok_r(test, sep, &brkt);
125     word;
126     word = strtok_r(NULL, sep, &brkt))
127{
128    strcpy(blah, "blah:blat:blab:blag");
129
130    for (phrase = strtok_r(blah, sep, &brkb);
131         phrase;
132         phrase = strtok_r(NULL, sep, &brkb))
133    {
134        printf("So far we're at %s:%s\en", word, phrase);
135    }
136}
137.Ed
138.Sh SEE ALSO
139.Xr memchr 3 ,
140.Xr strchr 3 ,
141.Xr strcspn 3 ,
142.Xr strpbrk 3 ,
143.Xr strrchr 3 ,
144.Xr strsep 3 ,
145.Xr strspn 3 ,
146.Xr strstr 3 ,
147.Xr wcstok 3
148.Sh STANDARDS
149The
150.Fn strtok
151function
152conforms to
153.St -isoC .
154.Sh AUTHORS
155.An Wes Peters ,
156Softweyr LLC:
157.Aq wes@softweyr.com
158.Pp
159Based on the
160.Fx 3.0
161implementation.
162.Sh BUGS
163The System V
164.Fn strtok ,
165if handed a string containing only delimiter characters,
166will not alter the next starting point, so that a call to
167.Fn strtok
168with a different (or empty) delimiter string
169may return a
170.Pf non- Dv NULL
171value.
172Since this implementation always alters the next starting point,
173such a sequence of calls would always return
174.Dv NULL .
175