xref: /dragonfly/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c (revision 2d8a3be7)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002 Luigi Rizzo
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
5  *
6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
11  *
12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
15  *
16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
17  *
18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
19  *
20  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c,v 1.4.2.13 2003/05/27 22:21:11 gshapiro Exp $
21  * $DragonFly: src/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c,v 1.3 2003/08/08 04:18:39 dillon Exp $
22  */
23 
24 #include <sys/param.h>
25 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
26 #include <sys/socket.h>
27 #include <sys/sockio.h>
28 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
29 #include <sys/time.h>
30 #include <sys/wait.h>
31 
32 #include <ctype.h>
33 #include <err.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <grp.h>
36 #include <limits.h>
37 #include <netdb.h>
38 #include <pwd.h>
39 #include <signal.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <stdarg.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <sysexits.h>
46 
47 #include <net/if.h>
48 #include <netinet/in.h>
49 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
50 #include <netinet/ip.h>
51 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
52 #include <net/ipfw/ip_fw.h>
53 #include <net/route.h> /* def. of struct route */
54 #include <net/dummynet/ip_dummynet.h>
55 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
56 #include <arpa/inet.h>
57 
58 int		s,			/* main RAW socket */
59 		do_resolv,		/* Would try to resolve all */
60 		do_acct,		/* Show packet/byte count */
61 		do_time,		/* Show time stamps */
62 		do_quiet,		/* Be quiet in add and flush */
63 		do_force,		/* Don't ask for confirmation */
64 		do_pipe,		/* this cmd refers to a pipe */
65 		do_sort,		/* field to sort results (0 = no) */
66 		do_dynamic,		/* display dynamic rules */
67 		do_expired,		/* display expired dynamic rules */
68 		do_compact,		/* show rules in compact mode */
69 		show_sets,		/* display rule sets */
70 		verbose;
71 
72 #define	IP_MASK_ALL	0xffffffff
73 
74 /*
75  * structure to hold flag names and associated values to be
76  * set in the appropriate masks.
77  * A NULL string terminates the array.
78  * Often, an element with 0 value contains an error string.
79  *
80  */
81 struct _s_x {
82 	char *s;
83 	int x;
84 };
85 
86 static struct _s_x f_tcpflags[] = {
87 	{ "syn", TH_SYN },
88 	{ "fin", TH_FIN },
89 	{ "ack", TH_ACK },
90 	{ "psh", TH_PUSH },
91 	{ "rst", TH_RST },
92 	{ "urg", TH_URG },
93 	{ "tcp flag", 0 },
94 	{ NULL,	0 }
95 };
96 
97 static struct _s_x f_tcpopts[] = {
98 	{ "mss",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
99 	{ "maxseg",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
100 	{ "window",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW },
101 	{ "sack",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK },
102 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
103 	{ "timestamp",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
104 	{ "cc",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_CC },
105 	{ "tcp option",	0 },
106 	{ NULL,	0 }
107 };
108 
109 /*
110  * IP options span the range 0 to 255 so we need to remap them
111  * (though in fact only the low 5 bits are significant).
112  */
113 static struct _s_x f_ipopts[] = {
114 	{ "ssrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR},
115 	{ "lsrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR},
116 	{ "rr",		IP_FW_IPOPT_RR},
117 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_IPOPT_TS},
118 	{ "ip option",	0 },
119 	{ NULL,	0 }
120 };
121 
122 static struct _s_x f_iptos[] = {
123 	{ "lowdelay",	IPTOS_LOWDELAY},
124 	{ "throughput",	IPTOS_THROUGHPUT},
125 	{ "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY},
126 	{ "mincost",	IPTOS_MINCOST},
127 	{ "congestion",	IPTOS_CE},
128 	{ "ecntransport", IPTOS_ECT},
129 	{ "ip tos option", 0},
130 	{ NULL,	0 }
131 };
132 
133 static struct _s_x limit_masks[] = {
134 	{"all",		DYN_SRC_ADDR|DYN_SRC_PORT|DYN_DST_ADDR|DYN_DST_PORT},
135 	{"src-addr",	DYN_SRC_ADDR},
136 	{"src-port",	DYN_SRC_PORT},
137 	{"dst-addr",	DYN_DST_ADDR},
138 	{"dst-port",	DYN_DST_PORT},
139 	{NULL,		0}
140 };
141 
142 /*
143  * we use IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE as a fake protocol id to call the print routines
144  * This is only used in this code.
145  */
146 #define IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE	0x1000
147 static struct _s_x ether_types[] = {
148     /*
149      * Note, we cannot use "-:&/" in the names because they are field
150      * separators in the type specifications. Also, we use s = NULL as
151      * end-delimiter, because a type of 0 can be legal.
152      */
153 	{ "ip",		0x0800 },
154 	{ "ipv4",	0x0800 },
155 	{ "ipv6",	0x86dd },
156 	{ "arp",	0x0806 },
157 	{ "rarp",	0x8035 },
158 	{ "vlan",	0x8100 },
159 	{ "loop",	0x9000 },
160 	{ "trail",	0x1000 },
161 	{ "at",		0x809b },
162 	{ "atalk",	0x809b },
163 	{ "aarp",	0x80f3 },
164 	{ "pppoe_disc",	0x8863 },
165 	{ "pppoe_sess",	0x8864 },
166 	{ "ipx_8022",	0x00E0 },
167 	{ "ipx_8023",	0x0000 },
168 	{ "ipx_ii",	0x8137 },
169 	{ "ipx_snap",	0x8137 },
170 	{ "ipx",	0x8137 },
171 	{ "ns",		0x0600 },
172 	{ NULL,		0 }
173 };
174 
175 static void show_usage(void);
176 
177 enum tokens {
178 	TOK_NULL=0,
179 
180 	TOK_OR,
181 	TOK_NOT,
182 	TOK_STARTBRACE,
183 	TOK_ENDBRACE,
184 
185 	TOK_ACCEPT,
186 	TOK_COUNT,
187 	TOK_PIPE,
188 	TOK_QUEUE,
189 	TOK_DIVERT,
190 	TOK_TEE,
191 	TOK_FORWARD,
192 	TOK_SKIPTO,
193 	TOK_DENY,
194 	TOK_REJECT,
195 	TOK_RESET,
196 	TOK_UNREACH,
197 	TOK_CHECKSTATE,
198 
199 	TOK_UID,
200 	TOK_GID,
201 	TOK_IN,
202 	TOK_LIMIT,
203 	TOK_KEEPSTATE,
204 	TOK_LAYER2,
205 	TOK_OUT,
206 	TOK_XMIT,
207 	TOK_RECV,
208 	TOK_VIA,
209 	TOK_FRAG,
210 	TOK_IPOPTS,
211 	TOK_IPLEN,
212 	TOK_IPID,
213 	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE,
214 	TOK_IPTOS,
215 	TOK_IPTTL,
216 	TOK_IPVER,
217 	TOK_ESTAB,
218 	TOK_SETUP,
219 	TOK_TCPFLAGS,
220 	TOK_TCPOPTS,
221 	TOK_TCPSEQ,
222 	TOK_TCPACK,
223 	TOK_TCPWIN,
224 	TOK_ICMPTYPES,
225 	TOK_MAC,
226 	TOK_MACTYPE,
227 
228 	TOK_PLR,
229 	TOK_NOERROR,
230 	TOK_BUCKETS,
231 	TOK_DSTIP,
232 	TOK_SRCIP,
233 	TOK_DSTPORT,
234 	TOK_SRCPORT,
235 	TOK_ALL,
236 	TOK_MASK,
237 	TOK_BW,
238 	TOK_DELAY,
239 	TOK_RED,
240 	TOK_GRED,
241 	TOK_DROPTAIL,
242 	TOK_PROTO,
243 	TOK_WEIGHT,
244 };
245 
246 struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
247 	{ "plr",		TOK_PLR },
248 	{ "noerror",		TOK_NOERROR },
249 	{ "buckets",		TOK_BUCKETS },
250 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
251 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
252 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
253 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
254 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
255 	{ "weight",		TOK_WEIGHT },
256 	{ "all",		TOK_ALL },
257 	{ "mask",		TOK_MASK },
258 	{ "droptail",		TOK_DROPTAIL },
259 	{ "red",		TOK_RED },
260 	{ "gred",		TOK_GRED },
261 	{ "bw",			TOK_BW },
262 	{ "bandwidth",		TOK_BW },
263 	{ "delay",		TOK_DELAY },
264 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
265 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
266 	{ "dummynet-params",	TOK_NULL },
267 	{ NULL, 0 }
268 };
269 
270 struct _s_x rule_actions[] = {
271 	{ "accept",		TOK_ACCEPT },
272 	{ "pass",		TOK_ACCEPT },
273 	{ "allow",		TOK_ACCEPT },
274 	{ "permit",		TOK_ACCEPT },
275 	{ "count",		TOK_COUNT },
276 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
277 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
278 	{ "divert",		TOK_DIVERT },
279 	{ "tee",		TOK_TEE },
280 	{ "fwd",		TOK_FORWARD },
281 	{ "forward",		TOK_FORWARD },
282 	{ "skipto",		TOK_SKIPTO },
283 	{ "deny",		TOK_DENY },
284 	{ "drop",		TOK_DENY },
285 	{ "reject",		TOK_REJECT },
286 	{ "reset",		TOK_RESET },
287 	{ "unreach",		TOK_UNREACH },
288 	{ "check-state",	TOK_CHECKSTATE },
289 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
290 	{ NULL, 0 }
291 };
292 
293 struct _s_x rule_options[] = {
294 	{ "uid",		TOK_UID },
295 	{ "gid",		TOK_GID },
296 	{ "in",			TOK_IN },
297 	{ "limit",		TOK_LIMIT },
298 	{ "keep-state",		TOK_KEEPSTATE },
299 	{ "bridged",		TOK_LAYER2 },
300 	{ "layer2",		TOK_LAYER2 },
301 	{ "out",		TOK_OUT },
302 	{ "xmit",		TOK_XMIT },
303 	{ "recv",		TOK_RECV },
304 	{ "via",		TOK_VIA },
305 	{ "fragment",		TOK_FRAG },
306 	{ "frag",		TOK_FRAG },
307 	{ "ipoptions",		TOK_IPOPTS },
308 	{ "ipopts",		TOK_IPOPTS },
309 	{ "iplen",		TOK_IPLEN },
310 	{ "ipid",		TOK_IPID },
311 	{ "ipprecedence",	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE },
312 	{ "iptos",		TOK_IPTOS },
313 	{ "ipttl",		TOK_IPTTL },
314 	{ "ipversion",		TOK_IPVER },
315 	{ "ipver",		TOK_IPVER },
316 	{ "estab",		TOK_ESTAB },
317 	{ "established",	TOK_ESTAB },
318 	{ "setup",		TOK_SETUP },
319 	{ "tcpflags",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
320 	{ "tcpflgs",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
321 	{ "tcpoptions",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
322 	{ "tcpopts",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
323 	{ "tcpseq",		TOK_TCPSEQ },
324 	{ "tcpack",		TOK_TCPACK },
325 	{ "tcpwin",		TOK_TCPWIN },
326 	{ "icmptype",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
327 	{ "icmptypes",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
328 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
329 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
330 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
331 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
332 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
333 	{ "MAC",		TOK_MAC },
334 	{ "mac",		TOK_MAC },
335 	{ "mac-type",		TOK_MACTYPE },
336 
337 	{ "not",		TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
338 	{ "!", /* escape ? */	TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
339 	{ "or",			TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
340 	{ "|", /* escape */	TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
341 	{ "{",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
342 	{ "(",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
343 	{ "}",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
344 	{ ")",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
345 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
346 	{ NULL, 0 }
347 };
348 
349 /**
350  * match_token takes a table and a string, returns the value associated
351  * with the string (0 meaning an error in most cases)
352  */
353 static int
354 match_token(struct _s_x *table, char *string)
355 {
356 	struct _s_x *pt;
357 	int i = strlen(string);
358 
359 	for (pt = table ; i && pt->s != NULL ; pt++)
360 		if (strlen(pt->s) == i && !bcmp(string, pt->s, i))
361 			return pt->x;
362 	return -1;
363 };
364 
365 static char *
366 match_value(struct _s_x *p, u_int32_t value)
367 {
368 	for (; p->s != NULL; p++)
369 		if (p->x == value)
370 			return p->s;
371 	return NULL;
372 }
373 
374 /*
375  * prints one port, symbolic or numeric
376  */
377 static void
378 print_port(int proto, u_int16_t port)
379 {
380 
381 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
382 		char *s;
383 
384 		if (do_resolv && (s = match_value(ether_types, port)) )
385 			printf("%s", s);
386 		else
387 			printf("0x%04x", port);
388 	} else {
389 		struct servent *se = NULL;
390 		if (do_resolv) {
391 			struct protoent *pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
392 
393 			se = getservbyport(htons(port), pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
394 		}
395 		if (se)
396 			printf("%s", se->s_name);
397 		else
398 			printf("%d", port);
399 	}
400 }
401 
402 /*
403  * print the values in a list of ports
404  * XXX todo: add support for mask.
405  */
406 static void
407 print_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, int proto, int opcode)
408 {
409 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
410 	int i;
411 	char *sep= " ";
412 
413 	if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
414 		printf(" not");
415 	if (opcode != 0)
416 		printf ("%s", opcode == O_MAC_TYPE ? " mac-type" :
417 		    (opcode == O_IP_DSTPORT ? " dst-port" : " src-port"));
418 	for (i = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd) - 1; i > 0; i--, p += 2) {
419 		printf(sep);
420 		print_port(proto, p[0]);
421 		if (p[0] != p[1]) {
422 			printf("-");
423 			print_port(proto, p[1]);
424 		}
425 		sep = ",";
426 	}
427 }
428 
429 /*
430  * Like strtol, but also translates service names into port numbers
431  * for some protocols.
432  * In particular:
433  *	proto == -1 disables the protocol check;
434  *	proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE looks up an internal table
435  *	proto == <some value in /etc/protocols> matches the values there.
436  * Returns *end == s in case the parameter is not found.
437  */
438 static int
439 strtoport(char *s, char **end, int base, int proto)
440 {
441 	char *p, *buf;
442 	char *s1;
443 	int i;
444 
445 	*end = s;		/* default - not found */
446 	if ( *s == '\0')
447 		return 0;	/* not found */
448 
449 	if (isdigit(*s))
450 		return strtol(s, end, base);
451 
452 	/*
453 	 * find separator. '\\' escapes the next char.
454 	 */
455 	for (s1 = s; *s1 && (isalnum(*s1) || *s1 == '\\') ; s1++)
456 		if (*s1 == '\\' && s1[1] != '\0')
457 			s1++;
458 
459 	buf = malloc(s1 - s + 1);
460 	if (buf == NULL)
461 		return 0;
462 
463 	/*
464 	 * copy into a buffer skipping backslashes
465 	 */
466 	for (p = s, i = 0; p != s1 ; p++)
467 		if ( *p != '\\')
468 			buf[i++] = *p;
469 	buf[i++] = '\0';
470 
471 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
472 		i = match_token(ether_types, buf);
473 		free(buf);
474 		if (i != -1) {	/* found */
475 			*end = s1;
476 			return i;
477 		}
478 	} else {
479 		struct protoent *pe = NULL;
480 		struct servent *se;
481 
482 		if (proto != 0)
483 			pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
484 		setservent(1);
485 		se = getservbyname(buf, pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
486 		free(buf);
487 		if (se != NULL) {
488 			*end = s1;
489 			return ntohs(se->s_port);
490 		}
491 	}
492 	return 0;	/* not found */
493 }
494 
495 /*
496  * fill the body of the command with the list of port ranges.
497  * At the moment it only understands numeric ranges.
498  */
499 static int
500 fill_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, char *av, int proto)
501 {
502 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
503 	int i = 0;
504 	char *s = av;
505 
506 	while (*s) {
507 		u_int16_t a, b;
508 
509 		a = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
510 		if (s == av) /* no parameter */
511 			break;
512 		if (*s == '-') { /* a range */
513 			av = s+1;
514 			b = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
515 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
516 				break;
517 			p[0] = a;
518 			p[1] = b;
519 		} else if (*s == ',' || *s == '\0' ) {
520 			p[0] = p[1] = a;
521 		} else {	/* invalid separator */
522 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid separator <%c> in <%s>\n",
523 				*s, av);
524 		}
525 		i++;
526 		p += 2;
527 		av = s+1;
528 	}
529 	if (i > 0) {
530 		if (i+1 > F_LEN_MASK)
531 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "too many ports/ranges\n");
532 		cmd->o.len |= i+1; /* leave F_NOT and F_OR untouched */
533 	}
534 	return i;
535 }
536 
537 static struct _s_x icmpcodes[] = {
538       { "net",			ICMP_UNREACH_NET },
539       { "host",			ICMP_UNREACH_HOST },
540       { "protocol",		ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL },
541       { "port",			ICMP_UNREACH_PORT },
542       { "needfrag",		ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG },
543       { "srcfail",		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL },
544       { "net-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN },
545       { "host-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN },
546       { "isolated",		ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED },
547       { "net-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB },
548       { "host-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB },
549       { "tosnet",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET },
550       { "toshost",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST },
551       { "filter-prohib",	ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB },
552       { "host-precedence",	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE },
553       { "precedence-cutoff",	ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF },
554       { NULL, 0 }
555 };
556 
557 static void
558 fill_reject_code(u_short *codep, char *str)
559 {
560 	int val;
561 	char *s;
562 
563 	val = strtoul(str, &s, 0);
564 	if (s == str || *s != '\0' || val >= 0x100)
565 		val = match_token(icmpcodes, str);
566 	if (val < 0)
567 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "unknown ICMP unreachable code ``%s''", str);
568 	*codep = val;
569 	return;
570 }
571 
572 static void
573 print_reject_code(u_int16_t code)
574 {
575 	char *s = match_value(icmpcodes, code);
576 
577 	if (s != NULL)
578 		printf("unreach %s", s);
579 	else
580 		printf("unreach %u", code);
581 }
582 
583 /*
584  * Returns the number of bits set (from left) in a contiguous bitmask,
585  * or -1 if the mask is not contiguous.
586  * XXX this needs a proper fix.
587  * This effectively works on masks in big-endian (network) format.
588  * when compiled on little endian architectures.
589  *
590  * First bit is bit 7 of the first byte -- note, for MAC addresses,
591  * the first bit on the wire is bit 0 of the first byte.
592  * len is the max length in bits.
593  */
594 static int
595 contigmask(u_char *p, int len)
596 {
597 	int i, n;
598 	for (i=0; i<len ; i++)
599 		if ( (p[i/8] & (1 << (7 - (i%8)))) == 0) /* first bit unset */
600 			break;
601 	for (n=i+1; n < len; n++)
602 		if ( (p[n/8] & (1 << (7 - (n%8)))) != 0)
603 			return -1; /* mask not contiguous */
604 	return i;
605 }
606 
607 /*
608  * print flags set/clear in the two bitmasks passed as parameters.
609  * There is a specialized check for f_tcpflags.
610  */
611 static void
612 print_flags(char *name, ipfw_insn *cmd, struct _s_x *list)
613 {
614 	char *comma="";
615 	int i;
616 	u_char set = cmd->arg1 & 0xff;
617 	u_char clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
618 
619 	if (list == f_tcpflags && set == TH_SYN && clear == TH_ACK) {
620 		printf(" setup");
621 		return;
622 	}
623 
624 	printf(" %s ", name);
625 	for (i=0; list[i].x != 0; i++) {
626 		if (set & list[i].x) {
627 			set &= ~list[i].x;
628 			printf("%s%s", comma, list[i].s);
629 			comma = ",";
630 		}
631 		if (clear & list[i].x) {
632 			clear &= ~list[i].x;
633 			printf("%s!%s", comma, list[i].s);
634 			comma = ",";
635 		}
636 	}
637 }
638 
639 /*
640  * Print the ip address contained in a command.
641  */
642 static void
643 print_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *s)
644 {
645 	struct hostent *he = NULL;
646 	int mb;
647 
648 	printf("%s%s ", cmd->o.len & F_NOT ? " not": "", s);
649 
650 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_ME || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_ME) {
651 		printf("me");
652 		return;
653 	}
654 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_SET || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_SET) {
655 		u_int32_t x, *d;
656 		int i;
657 		char comma = '{';
658 
659 		x = cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
660 		x = htonl( ~x );
661 		cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
662 		printf("%s/%d", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr),
663 			contigmask((u_char *)&x, 32));
664 		x = cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
665 		x &= 0xff; /* base */
666 		d = (u_int32_t *)&(cmd->mask);
667 		for (i=0; i < cmd->o.arg1; i++)
668 			if (d[ i/32] & (1<<(i & 31))) {
669 				printf("%c%d", comma, i+x);
670 				comma = ',';
671 			}
672 		printf("}");
673 		return;
674 	}
675 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST)
676 		mb = 32;
677 	else
678 		mb = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask.s_addr), 32);
679 	if (mb == 32 && do_resolv)
680 		he = gethostbyaddr((char *)&(cmd->addr.s_addr),
681 		    sizeof(u_long), AF_INET);
682 	if (he != NULL)		/* resolved to name */
683 		printf("%s", he->h_name);
684 	else if (mb == 0)	/* any */
685 		printf("any");
686 	else {		/* numeric IP followed by some kind of mask */
687 		printf("%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr));
688 		if (mb < 0)
689 			printf(":%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->mask));
690 		else if (mb < 32)
691 			printf("/%d", mb);
692 	}
693 }
694 
695 /*
696  * prints a MAC address/mask pair
697  */
698 static void
699 print_mac(u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
700 {
701 	int l = contigmask(mask, 48);
702 
703 	if (l == 0)
704 		printf(" any");
705 	else {
706 		printf(" %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
707 		    addr[0], addr[1], addr[2], addr[3], addr[4], addr[5]);
708 		if (l == -1)
709 			printf("&%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
710 			    mask[0], mask[1], mask[2],
711 			    mask[3], mask[4], mask[5]);
712 		else if (l < 48)
713 			printf("/%d", l);
714 	}
715 }
716 
717 static void
718 fill_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd, char *av)
719 {
720 	u_int8_t type;
721 
722 	cmd->d[0] = 0;
723 	while (*av) {
724 		if (*av == ',')
725 			av++;
726 
727 		type = strtoul(av, &av, 0);
728 
729 		if (*av != ',' && *av != '\0')
730 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ICMP type");
731 
732 		if (type > 31)
733 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "ICMP type out of range");
734 
735 		cmd->d[0] |= 1 << type;
736 	}
737 	cmd->o.opcode = O_ICMPTYPE;
738 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
739 }
740 
741 static void
742 print_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
743 {
744 	int i;
745 	char sep= ' ';
746 
747 	printf(" icmptypes");
748 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
749 		if ( (cmd->d[0] & (1 << (i))) == 0)
750 			continue;
751 		printf("%c%d", sep, i);
752 		sep = ',';
753 	}
754 }
755 
756 /*
757  * show_ipfw() prints the body of an ipfw rule.
758  * Because the standard rule has at least proto src_ip dst_ip, we use
759  * a helper function to produce these entries if not provided explicitly.
760  * The first argument is the list of fields we have, the second is
761  * the list of fields we want to be printed.
762  *
763  * Special cases if we have provided a MAC header:
764  *   + if the rule does not contain IP addresses/ports, do not print them;
765  *   + if the rule does not contain an IP proto, print "all" instead of "ip";
766  *
767  * Once we have 'have_options', IP header fields are printed as options.
768  */
769 #define	HAVE_PROTO	0x0001
770 #define	HAVE_SRCIP	0x0002
771 #define	HAVE_DSTIP	0x0004
772 #define	HAVE_MAC	0x0008
773 #define	HAVE_MACTYPE	0x0010
774 #define	HAVE_OPTIONS	0x8000
775 
776 #define	HAVE_IP		(HAVE_PROTO | HAVE_SRCIP | HAVE_DSTIP)
777 static void
778 show_prerequisites(int *flags, int want, int cmd)
779 {
780 	if ( (*flags & HAVE_IP) == HAVE_IP)
781 		*flags |= HAVE_OPTIONS;
782 
783 	if ( (*flags & (HAVE_MAC|HAVE_MACTYPE|HAVE_OPTIONS)) == HAVE_MAC &&
784 	     cmd != O_MAC_TYPE) {
785 		/*
786 		 * mac-type was optimized out by the compiler,
787 		 * restore it
788 		 */
789 		printf(" any");
790 		*flags |= HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
791 		return;
792 	}
793 	if ( !(*flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)) {
794 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_PROTO) && (want & HAVE_PROTO))
795 			printf(" ip");
796 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_SRCIP) && (want & HAVE_SRCIP))
797 			printf(" from any");
798 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_DSTIP) && (want & HAVE_DSTIP))
799 			printf(" to any");
800 	}
801 	*flags |= want;
802 }
803 
804 static void
805 show_ipfw(struct ip_fw *rule, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
806 {
807 	static int twidth = 0;
808 	int l;
809 	ipfw_insn *cmd;
810 	int proto = 0;		/* default */
811 	int flags = 0;	/* prerequisites */
812 	ipfw_insn_log *logptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_LOG */
813 	int or_block = 0;	/* we are in an or block */
814 
815 	u_int32_t set_disable = (u_int32_t)(rule->next_rule);
816 
817 	if (set_disable & (1 << rule->set)) { /* disabled */
818 		if (!show_sets)
819 			return;
820 		else
821 			printf("# DISABLED ");
822 	}
823 	printf("%05u ", rule->rulenum);
824 
825 	if (do_acct)
826 		printf("%*llu %*llu ", pcwidth, rule->pcnt, bcwidth,
827 		    rule->bcnt);
828 
829 	if (do_time) {
830 		char timestr[30];
831 
832 		if (twidth == 0) {
833 			strcpy(timestr, ctime((time_t *)&twidth));
834 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
835 			twidth = strlen(timestr);
836 		}
837 		if (rule->timestamp) {
838 #if _FreeBSD_version < 500000 /* XXX check */
839 #define	_long_to_time(x)	(time_t)(x)
840 #endif
841 			time_t t = _long_to_time(rule->timestamp);
842 
843 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
844 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
845 			printf("%s ", timestr);
846 		} else {
847 			printf("%*s ", twidth, " ");
848 		}
849 	}
850 
851 	if (show_sets)
852 		printf("set %d ", rule->set);
853 
854 	/*
855 	 * print the optional "match probability"
856 	 */
857 	if (rule->cmd_len > 0) {
858 		cmd = rule->cmd ;
859 		if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB) {
860 			ipfw_insn_u32 *p = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
861 			double d = 1.0 * p->d[0];
862 
863 			d = (d / 0x7fffffff);
864 			printf("prob %f ", d);
865 		}
866 	}
867 
868 	/*
869 	 * first print actions
870 	 */
871         for (l = rule->cmd_len - rule->act_ofs, cmd = ACTION_PTR(rule);
872 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd), cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
873 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
874 		case O_CHECK_STATE:
875 			printf("check-state");
876 			flags = HAVE_IP; /* avoid printing anything else */
877 			break;
878 
879 		case O_ACCEPT:
880 			printf("allow");
881 			break;
882 
883 		case O_COUNT:
884 			printf("count");
885 			break;
886 
887 		case O_DENY:
888 			printf("deny");
889 			break;
890 
891 		case O_REJECT:
892 			if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_REJECT_RST)
893 				printf("reset");
894 			else if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
895 				printf("reject");
896 			else
897 				print_reject_code(cmd->arg1);
898 			break;
899 
900 		case O_SKIPTO:
901 			printf("skipto %u", cmd->arg1);
902 			break;
903 
904 		case O_PIPE:
905 			printf("pipe %u", cmd->arg1);
906 			break;
907 
908 		case O_QUEUE:
909 			printf("queue %u", cmd->arg1);
910 			break;
911 
912 		case O_DIVERT:
913 			printf("divert %u", cmd->arg1);
914 			break;
915 
916 		case O_TEE:
917 			printf("tee %u", cmd->arg1);
918 			break;
919 
920 		case O_FORWARD_IP:
921 		    {
922 			ipfw_insn_sa *s = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
923 
924 			printf("fwd %s", inet_ntoa(s->sa.sin_addr));
925 			if (s->sa.sin_port)
926 				printf(",%d", s->sa.sin_port);
927 		    }
928 			break;
929 
930 		case O_LOG: /* O_LOG is printed last */
931 			logptr = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
932 			break;
933 
934 		default:
935 			printf("** unrecognized action %d len %d",
936 				cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
937 		}
938 	}
939 	if (logptr) {
940 		if (logptr->max_log > 0)
941 			printf(" log logamount %d", logptr->max_log);
942 		else
943 			printf(" log");
944 	}
945 
946 	/*
947 	 * then print the body.
948 	 */
949 	if (rule->_pad & 1) {	/* empty rules before options */
950 		if (!do_compact)
951 			printf(" ip from any to any");
952 		flags |= HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS;
953 	}
954 
955         for (l = rule->act_ofs, cmd = rule->cmd ;
956 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd) , cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
957 		/* useful alias */
958 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
959 
960 		show_prerequisites(&flags, 0, cmd->opcode);
961 
962 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
963 		case O_PROB:
964 			break;	/* done already */
965 
966 		case O_PROBE_STATE:
967 			break; /* no need to print anything here */
968 
969 		case O_MACADDR2: {
970 			ipfw_insn_mac *m = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
971 
972 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
973 				printf(" {");
974 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
975 				printf(" not");
976 			printf(" MAC");
977 			flags |= HAVE_MAC;
978 			print_mac( m->addr, m->mask);
979 			print_mac( m->addr + 6, m->mask + 6);
980 			}
981 			break;
982 
983 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
984 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
985 				printf(" {");
986 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE,
987 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
988 			flags |= HAVE_MAC | HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
989 			break;
990 
991 		case O_IP_SRC:
992 		case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
993 		case O_IP_SRC_ME:
994 		case O_IP_SRC_SET:
995 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO, 0);
996 			if (!(flags & HAVE_SRCIP))
997 				printf(" from");
998 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
999 				printf(" {");
1000 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1001 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " src-ip" : "");
1002 			flags |= HAVE_SRCIP;
1003 			break;
1004 
1005 		case O_IP_DST:
1006 		case O_IP_DST_MASK:
1007 		case O_IP_DST_ME:
1008 		case O_IP_DST_SET:
1009 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1010 			if (!(flags & HAVE_DSTIP))
1011 				printf(" to");
1012 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1013 				printf(" {");
1014 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1015 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " dst-ip" : "");
1016 			flags |= HAVE_DSTIP;
1017 			break;
1018 
1019 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
1020 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1021 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
1022 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1023 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1024 				printf(" {");
1025 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, proto,
1026 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1027 			break;
1028 
1029 		case O_PROTO: {
1030 			struct protoent *pe;
1031 
1032 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1033 				printf(" {");
1034 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1035 				printf(" not");
1036 			proto = cmd->arg1;
1037 			pe = getprotobynumber(cmd->arg1);
1038 			if (flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)
1039 				printf(" proto");
1040 			if (pe)
1041 				printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1042 			else
1043 				printf(" %u", cmd->arg1);
1044 			}
1045 			flags |= HAVE_PROTO;
1046 			break;
1047 
1048 		default: /*options ... */
1049 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS, 0);
1050 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1051 				printf(" {");
1052 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT && cmd->opcode != O_IN)
1053 				printf(" not");
1054 			switch(cmd->opcode) {
1055 			case O_FRAG:
1056 				printf(" frag");
1057 				break;
1058 
1059 			case O_IN:
1060 				printf(cmd->len & F_NOT ? " out" : " in");
1061 				break;
1062 
1063 			case O_LAYER2:
1064 				printf(" layer2");
1065 				break;
1066 			case O_XMIT:
1067 			case O_RECV:
1068 			case O_VIA: {
1069 				char *s;
1070 				ipfw_insn_if *cmdif = (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd;
1071 
1072 				if (cmd->opcode == O_XMIT)
1073 					s = "xmit";
1074 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_RECV)
1075 					s = "recv";
1076 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_VIA)
1077 					s = "via";
1078 				if (cmdif->name[0] == '\0')
1079 					printf(" %s %s", s,
1080 					    inet_ntoa(cmdif->p.ip));
1081 				else if (cmdif->p.unit == -1)
1082 					printf(" %s %s*", s, cmdif->name);
1083 				else
1084 					printf(" %s %s%d", s, cmdif->name,
1085 					    cmdif->p.unit);
1086 				}
1087 				break;
1088 
1089 			case O_IPID:
1090 				printf(" ipid %u", cmd->arg1 );
1091 				break;
1092 
1093 			case O_IPTTL:
1094 				printf(" ipttl %u", cmd->arg1 );
1095 				break;
1096 
1097 			case O_IPVER:
1098 				printf(" ipver %u", cmd->arg1 );
1099 				break;
1100 
1101 			case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
1102 				printf(" ipprecedence %u", (cmd->arg1) >> 5 );
1103 				break;
1104 
1105 			case O_IPLEN:
1106 				printf(" iplen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1107 				break;
1108 
1109 			case O_IPOPT:
1110 				print_flags("ipoptions", cmd, f_ipopts);
1111 				break;
1112 
1113 			case O_IPTOS:
1114 				print_flags("iptos", cmd, f_iptos);
1115 				break;
1116 
1117 			case O_ICMPTYPE:
1118 				print_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
1119 				break;
1120 
1121 			case O_ESTAB:
1122 				printf(" established");
1123 				break;
1124 
1125 			case O_TCPFLAGS:
1126 				print_flags("tcpflags", cmd, f_tcpflags);
1127 				break;
1128 
1129 			case O_TCPOPTS:
1130 				print_flags("tcpoptions", cmd, f_tcpopts);
1131 				break;
1132 
1133 			case O_TCPWIN:
1134 				printf(" tcpwin %d", ntohs(cmd->arg1));
1135 				break;
1136 
1137 			case O_TCPACK:
1138 				printf(" tcpack %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1139 				break;
1140 
1141 			case O_TCPSEQ:
1142 				printf(" tcpseq %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1143 				break;
1144 
1145 			case O_UID:
1146 			    {
1147 				struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(cmd32->d[0]);
1148 
1149 				if (pwd)
1150 					printf(" uid %s", pwd->pw_name);
1151 				else
1152 					printf(" uid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1153 			    }
1154 				break;
1155 
1156 			case O_GID:
1157 			    {
1158 				struct group *grp = getgrgid(cmd32->d[0]);
1159 
1160 				if (grp)
1161 					printf(" gid %s", grp->gr_name);
1162 				else
1163 					printf(" gid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1164 			    }
1165 				break;
1166 
1167 			case O_KEEP_STATE:
1168 				printf(" keep-state");
1169 				break;
1170 
1171 			case O_LIMIT:
1172 			    {
1173 				struct _s_x *p = limit_masks;
1174 				ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
1175 				u_int8_t x = c->limit_mask;
1176 				char *comma = " ";
1177 
1178 				printf(" limit");
1179 				for ( ; p->x != 0 ; p++)
1180 					if ((x & p->x) == p->x) {
1181 						x &= ~p->x;
1182 						printf("%s%s", comma, p->s);
1183 						comma = ",";
1184 					}
1185 				printf(" %d", c->conn_limit);
1186 			    }
1187 				break;
1188 
1189 			default:
1190 				printf(" [opcode %d len %d]",
1191 				    cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1192 			}
1193 		}
1194 		if (cmd->len & F_OR) {
1195 			printf(" or");
1196 			or_block = 1;
1197 		} else if (or_block) {
1198 			printf(" }");
1199 			or_block = 0;
1200 		}
1201 	}
1202 	show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1203 
1204 	printf("\n");
1205 }
1206 
1207 static void
1208 show_dyn_ipfw(ipfw_dyn_rule *d, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1209 {
1210 	struct protoent *pe;
1211 	struct in_addr a;
1212 
1213 	if (!do_expired) {
1214 		if (!d->expire && !(d->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT))
1215 			return;
1216 	}
1217 
1218 	printf("%05d %*llu %*llu (%ds)", (int)(d->rule), pcwidth, d->pcnt,
1219 	    bcwidth, d->bcnt, d->expire);
1220 	switch (d->dyn_type) {
1221 	case O_LIMIT_PARENT:
1222 		printf(" PARENT %d", d->count);
1223 		break;
1224 	case O_LIMIT:
1225 		printf(" LIMIT");
1226 		break;
1227 	case O_KEEP_STATE: /* bidir, no mask */
1228 		printf(" STATE");
1229 		break;
1230 	}
1231 
1232 	if ((pe = getprotobynumber(d->id.proto)) != NULL)
1233 		printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1234 	else
1235 		printf(" proto %u", d->id.proto);
1236 
1237 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.src_ip);
1238 	printf(" %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.src_port);
1239 
1240 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.dst_ip);
1241 	printf(" <-> %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.dst_port);
1242 	printf("\n");
1243 }
1244 
1245 int
1246 sort_q(const void *pa, const void *pb)
1247 {
1248 	int rev = (do_sort < 0);
1249 	int field = rev ? -do_sort : do_sort;
1250 	long long res = 0;
1251 	const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
1252 	const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
1253 
1254 	switch (field) {
1255 	case 1: /* pkts */
1256 		res = a->len - b->len;
1257 		break;
1258 	case 2: /* bytes */
1259 		res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
1260 		break;
1261 
1262 	case 3: /* tot pkts */
1263 		res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
1264 		break;
1265 
1266 	case 4: /* tot bytes */
1267 		res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
1268 		break;
1269 	}
1270 	if (res < 0)
1271 		res = -1;
1272 	if (res > 0)
1273 		res = 1;
1274 	return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
1275 }
1276 
1277 static void
1278 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
1279 {
1280 	int l;
1281 
1282 	printf("    mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
1283 	    fs->flow_mask.proto,
1284 	    fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
1285 	    fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
1286 	if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
1287 		return;
1288 
1289 	printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
1290 	    "____Dest. IP/port____ Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
1291 	if (do_sort != 0)
1292 		heapsort(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, sort_q);
1293 	for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
1294 		struct in_addr ina;
1295 		struct protoent *pe;
1296 
1297 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
1298 		printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
1299 		pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
1300 		if (pe)
1301 			printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
1302 		else
1303 			printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
1304 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1305 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
1306 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
1307 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1308 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
1309 		printf("%4qu %8qu %2u %4u %3u\n",
1310 		    q[l].tot_pkts, q[l].tot_bytes,
1311 		    q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
1312 		if (verbose)
1313 			printf("   S %20qd  F %20qd\n",
1314 			    q[l].S, q[l].F);
1315 	}
1316 }
1317 
1318 static void
1319 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
1320 {
1321 	int l;
1322 	char qs[30];
1323 	char plr[30];
1324 	char red[90];	/* Display RED parameters */
1325 
1326 	l = fs->qsize;
1327 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
1328 		if (l >= 8192)
1329 			sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
1330 		else
1331 			sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
1332 	} else
1333 		sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
1334 	if (fs->plr)
1335 		sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
1336 	else
1337 		plr[0] = '\0';
1338 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)	/* RED parameters */
1339 		sprintf(red,
1340 		    "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
1341 		    (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
1342 		    1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
1343 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
1344 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
1345 		    1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
1346 	else
1347 		sprintf(red, "droptail");
1348 
1349 	printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
1350 	    prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
1351 }
1352 
1353 static void
1354 list_pipes(void *data, int nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
1355 {
1356 	u_long rulenum;
1357 	void *next = data;
1358 	struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
1359 	struct dn_flow_set *fs;
1360 	struct dn_flow_queue *q;
1361 	int l;
1362 
1363 	if (ac > 0)
1364 		rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
1365 	else
1366 		rulenum = 0;
1367 	for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
1368 		double b = p->bandwidth;
1369 		char buf[30];
1370 		char prefix[80];
1371 
1372 		if (p->next != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
1373 			break;	/* done with pipes, now queues */
1374 
1375 		/*
1376 		 * compute length, as pipe have variable size
1377 		 */
1378 		l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1379 		next = (void *)p + l;
1380 		nbytes -= l;
1381 
1382 		if (rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr)
1383 			continue;
1384 
1385 		/*
1386 		 * Print rate (or clocking interface)
1387 		 */
1388 		if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
1389 			sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
1390 		else if (b == 0)
1391 			sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
1392 		else if (b >= 1000000)
1393 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
1394 		else if (b >= 1000)
1395 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
1396 		else
1397 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
1398 
1399 		sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
1400 		    p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
1401 		print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
1402 		if (verbose)
1403 			printf("   V %20qd\n", p->V >> MY_M);
1404 
1405 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
1406 		list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
1407 	}
1408 	for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
1409 		char prefix[80];
1410 
1411 		if (fs->next != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
1412 			break;
1413 		l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1414 		next = (void *)fs + l;
1415 		nbytes -= l;
1416 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
1417 		sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
1418 		    fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
1419 		print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
1420 		list_queues(fs, q);
1421 	}
1422 }
1423 
1424 /*
1425  * This one handles all set-related commands
1426  * 	ipfw set { show | enable | disable }
1427  * 	ipfw set swap X Y
1428  * 	ipfw set move X to Y
1429  * 	ipfw set move rule X to Y
1430  */
1431 static void
1432 sets_handler(int ac, char *av[])
1433 {
1434 	u_int32_t set_disable, masks[2];
1435 	int i, nbytes;
1436 	u_int16_t rulenum;
1437 	u_int8_t cmd, new_set;
1438 
1439 	ac--;
1440 	av++;
1441 
1442 	if (!ac)
1443 		errx(EX_USAGE, "set needs command");
1444 	if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av)) ) {
1445 		void *data;
1446 		char *msg;
1447 
1448 		nbytes = sizeof(struct ip_fw);
1449 		if ((data = malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
1450 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
1451 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_GET, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1452 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_GET)");
1453 		set_disable = (u_int32_t)(((struct ip_fw *)data)->next_rule);
1454 
1455 		for (i = 0, msg = "disable" ; i < 31; i++)
1456 			if (  (set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1457 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1458 				msg = "";
1459 			}
1460 		msg = (set_disable) ? " enable" : "enable";
1461 		for (i = 0; i < 31; i++)
1462 			if ( !(set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1463 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1464 				msg = "";
1465 			}
1466 		printf("\n");
1467 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "swap", strlen(*av))) {
1468 		ac--; av++;
1469 		if (ac != 2)
1470 			errx(EX_USAGE, "set swap needs 2 set numbers\n");
1471 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1472 		new_set = atoi(av[1]);
1473 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || rulenum > 30)
1474 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[0]);
1475 		if (!isdigit(*(av[1])) || new_set > 30)
1476 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[1]);
1477 		masks[0] = (4 << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1478 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1479 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1480 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "move", strlen(*av))) {
1481 		ac--; av++;
1482 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "rule", strlen(*av))) {
1483 			cmd = 2;
1484 			ac--; av++;
1485 		} else
1486 			cmd = 3;
1487 		if (ac != 3 || strncmp(av[1], "to", strlen(*av)))
1488 			errx(EX_USAGE, "syntax: set move [rule] X to Y\n");
1489 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1490 		new_set = atoi(av[2]);
1491 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || (cmd == 3 && rulenum > 30) ||
1492 			(cmd == 2 && rulenum == 65535) )
1493 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source number %s\n", av[0]);
1494 		if (!isdigit(*(av[2])) || new_set > 30)
1495 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid dest. set %s\n", av[1]);
1496 		masks[0] = (cmd << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1497 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1498 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1499 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)) ||
1500 		   !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ) {
1501 		int which = !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ? 1 : 0;
1502 
1503 		ac--; av++;
1504 		masks[0] = masks[1] = 0;
1505 
1506 		while (ac) {
1507 			if (isdigit(**av)) {
1508 				i = atoi(*av);
1509 				if (i < 0 || i > 30)
1510 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
1511 					    "invalid set number %d\n", i);
1512 				masks[which] |= (1<<i);
1513 			} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
1514 				which = 0;
1515 			else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
1516 				which = 1;
1517 			else
1518 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1519 					"invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1520 			av++; ac--;
1521 		}
1522 		if ( (masks[0] & masks[1]) != 0 )
1523 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
1524 			    "cannot enable and disable the same set\n");
1525 
1526 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(masks));
1527 		if (i)
1528 			warn("set enable/disable: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)");
1529 	} else
1530 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1531 }
1532 
1533 static void
1534 sysctl_handler(int ac, char *av[], int which)
1535 {
1536 	ac--;
1537 	av++;
1538 
1539 	if (*av == NULL) {
1540 		warnx("missing keyword to enable/disable\n");
1541 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "firewall", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1542 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.enable", NULL, 0,
1543 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1544 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "one_pass", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1545 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass", NULL, 0,
1546 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1547 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "debug", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1548 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.debug", NULL, 0,
1549 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1550 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "verbose", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1551 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose", NULL, 0,
1552 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1553 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "dyn_keepalive", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1554 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_keepalive", NULL, 0,
1555 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1556 	} else {
1557 		warnx("unrecognize enable/disable keyword: %s\n", *av);
1558 	}
1559 }
1560 
1561 static void
1562 list(int ac, char *av[])
1563 {
1564 	struct ip_fw *r;
1565 	ipfw_dyn_rule *dynrules, *d;
1566 
1567 	void *lim, *data = NULL;
1568 	int bcwidth, n, nbytes, nstat, ndyn, pcwidth, width;
1569 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1570 	int lac;
1571 	char **lav;
1572 	u_long rnum;
1573 	char *endptr;
1574 	int seen = 0;
1575 
1576 	const int ocmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_GET : IP_FW_GET;
1577 	int nalloc = 1024;	/* start somewhere... */
1578 
1579 	ac--;
1580 	av++;
1581 
1582 	/* get rules or pipes from kernel, resizing array as necessary */
1583 	nbytes = nalloc;
1584 
1585 	while (nbytes >= nalloc) {
1586 		nalloc = nalloc * 2 + 200;
1587 		nbytes = nalloc;
1588 		if ((data = realloc(data, nbytes)) == NULL)
1589 			err(EX_OSERR, "realloc");
1590 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, ocmd, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1591 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_%s_GET)",
1592 				do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
1593 	}
1594 
1595 	if (do_pipe) {
1596 		list_pipes(data, nbytes, ac, av);
1597 		goto done;
1598 	}
1599 
1600 	/*
1601 	 * Count static rules. They have variable size so we
1602 	 * need to scan the list to count them.
1603 	 */
1604 	for (nstat = 1, r = data, lim = data + nbytes;
1605 		    r->rulenum < 65535 && (void *)r < lim;
1606 		    ++nstat, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1607 		; /* nothing */
1608 
1609 	/*
1610 	 * Count dynamic rules. This is easier as they have
1611 	 * fixed size.
1612 	 */
1613 	r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r);
1614 	dynrules = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)r ;
1615 	n = (void *)r - data;
1616 	ndyn = (nbytes - n) / sizeof *dynrules;
1617 
1618 	/* if showing stats, figure out column widths ahead of time */
1619 	bcwidth = pcwidth = 0;
1620 	if (do_acct) {
1621 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1622 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r)) {
1623 			/* packet counter */
1624 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", r->pcnt);
1625 			if (width > pcwidth)
1626 				pcwidth = width;
1627 
1628 			/* byte counter */
1629 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", r->bcnt);
1630 			if (width > bcwidth)
1631 				bcwidth = width;
1632 		}
1633 	}
1634 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1635 		for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1636 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", d->pcnt);
1637 			if (width > pcwidth)
1638 				pcwidth = width;
1639 
1640 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", d->bcnt);
1641 			if (width > bcwidth)
1642 				bcwidth = width;
1643 		}
1644 	}
1645 	/* if no rule numbers were specified, list all rules */
1646 	if (ac == 0) {
1647 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1648 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1649 			show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1650 
1651 		if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1652 			printf("## Dynamic rules (%d):\n", ndyn);
1653 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++)
1654 				show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1655 		}
1656 		goto done;
1657 	}
1658 
1659 	/* display specific rules requested on command line */
1660 
1661 	for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1662 		/* convert command line rule # */
1663 		rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1664 		if (*endptr) {
1665 			exitval = EX_USAGE;
1666 			warnx("invalid rule number: %s", *(lav - 1));
1667 			continue;
1668 		}
1669 		for (n = seen = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1670 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) ) {
1671 			if (r->rulenum > rnum)
1672 				break;
1673 			if (r->rulenum == rnum) {
1674 				show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1675 				seen = 1;
1676 			}
1677 		}
1678 		if (!seen) {
1679 			/* give precedence to other error(s) */
1680 			if (exitval == EX_OK)
1681 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1682 			warnx("rule %lu does not exist", rnum);
1683 		}
1684 	}
1685 
1686 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1687 		printf("## Dynamic rules:\n");
1688 		for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1689 			rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1690 			if (*endptr)
1691 				/* already warned */
1692 				continue;
1693 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1694 				if ((int)(d->rule) > rnum)
1695 					break;
1696 				if ((int)(d->rule) == rnum)
1697 					show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1698 			}
1699 		}
1700 	}
1701 
1702 	ac = 0;
1703 
1704 done:
1705 	free(data);
1706 
1707 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1708 		exit(exitval);
1709 }
1710 
1711 static void
1712 show_usage(void)
1713 {
1714 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ipfw [options]\n"
1715 "    add [number] rule\n"
1716 "    pipe number config [pipeconfig]\n"
1717 "    queue number config [queueconfig]\n"
1718 "    [pipe] flush\n"
1719 "    [pipe] delete number ...\n"
1720 "    [pipe] {list|show} [number ...]\n"
1721 "    {zero|resetlog} [number ...]\n"
1722 "do \"ipfw -h\" or see ipfw manpage for details\n"
1723 );
1724 
1725 	exit(EX_USAGE);
1726 }
1727 
1728 static void
1729 help(void)
1730 {
1731 
1732 	fprintf(stderr, "ipfw syntax summary:\n"
1733 "ipfw add [N] [prob {0..1}] ACTION [log [logamount N]] ADDR OPTIONS\n"
1734 "ipfw {pipe|queue} N config BODY\n"
1735 "ipfw [pipe] {zero|delete|show} [N{,N}]\n"
1736 "\n"
1737 "RULE:		[1..] [PROB] BODY\n"
1738 "RULENUM:	INTEGER(1..65534)\n"
1739 "PROB:		prob REAL(0..1)\n"
1740 "BODY:		check-state [LOG] (no body) |\n"
1741 "		ACTION [LOG] MATCH_ADDR [OPTION_LIST]\n"
1742 "ACTION:	check-state | allow | count | deny | reject | skipto N |\n"
1743 "		{divert|tee} PORT | forward ADDR | pipe N | queue N\n"
1744 "ADDR:		[ MAC dst src ether_type ] \n"
1745 "		[ from IPLIST [ PORT ] to IPLIST [ PORTLIST ] ]\n"
1746 "IPLIST:	IPADDR | ( IPADDR or ... or IPADDR )\n"
1747 "IPADDR:	[not] { any | me | ip | ip/bits | ip:mask | ip/bits{x,y,z} }\n"
1748 "OPTION_LIST:	OPTION [,OPTION_LIST]\n"
1749 );
1750 exit(0);
1751 }
1752 
1753 
1754 static int
1755 lookup_host (char *host, struct in_addr *ipaddr)
1756 {
1757 	struct hostent *he;
1758 
1759 	if (!inet_aton(host, ipaddr)) {
1760 		if ((he = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
1761 			return(-1);
1762 		*ipaddr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[0];
1763 	}
1764 	return(0);
1765 }
1766 
1767 /*
1768  * fills the addr and mask fields in the instruction as appropriate from av.
1769  * Update length as appropriate.
1770  * The following formats are allowed:
1771  *	any	matches any IP. Actually returns an empty instruction.
1772  *	me	returns O_IP_*_ME
1773  *	1.2.3.4		single IP address
1774  *	1.2.3.4:5.6.7.8	address:mask
1775  *	1.2.3.4/24	address/mask
1776  *	1.2.3.4/26{1,6,5,4,23}	set of addresses in a subnet
1777  */
1778 static void
1779 fill_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *av)
1780 {
1781 	char *p = 0, md = 0;
1782 	u_int32_t i;
1783 
1784 	cmd->o.len &= ~F_LEN_MASK;	/* zero len */
1785 
1786 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av)))
1787 		return;
1788 
1789 	if (!strncmp(av, "me", strlen(av))) {
1790 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
1791 		return;
1792 	}
1793 
1794 	p = strchr(av, '/');
1795 	if (!p)
1796 		p = strchr(av, ':');
1797 	if (p) {
1798 		md = *p;
1799 		*p++ = '\0';
1800 	}
1801 
1802 	if (lookup_host(av, &cmd->addr) != 0)
1803 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", av);
1804 	switch (md) {
1805 	case ':':
1806 		if (!inet_aton(p, &cmd->mask))
1807 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad netmask ``%s''", p);
1808 		break;
1809 	case '/':
1810 		i = atoi(p);
1811 		if (i == 0)
1812 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(0);
1813 		else if (i > 32)
1814 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
1815 		else
1816 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0 << (32 - i));
1817 		break;
1818 	default:
1819 		cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0);
1820 		break;
1821 	}
1822 	cmd->addr.s_addr &= cmd->mask.s_addr;
1823 	/*
1824 	 * now look if we have a set of addresses. They are stored as follows:
1825 	 *   arg1	is the set size (powers of 2, 2..256)
1826 	 *   addr	is the base address IN HOST FORMAT
1827 	 *   mask..	is an array of u_int32_t with bits set.
1828 	 */
1829 	if (p)
1830 		p = strchr(p, '{');
1831 	if (p) {	/* fetch addresses */
1832 		u_int32_t *d;
1833 		int low, high;
1834 		int i = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask), 32);
1835 
1836 		if (i < 24 || i > 31) {
1837 			fprintf(stderr, "invalid set with mask %d\n",
1838 				i);
1839 			exit(0);
1840 		}
1841 		cmd->o.arg1 = 1<<(32-i);
1842 		cmd->addr.s_addr = ntohl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
1843 		d = (u_int32_t *)&cmd->mask;
1844 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_SET;	/* default */
1845 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) + (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32;
1846 		for (i = 0; i < (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32 ; i++)
1847 			d[i] = 0;	/* clear masks */
1848 
1849 		av = p+1;
1850 		low = cmd->addr.s_addr & 0xff;
1851 		high = low + cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
1852 		while (isdigit(*av)) {
1853 			char *s;
1854 			u_int16_t a = strtol(av, &s, 0);
1855 
1856 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
1857 				break;
1858 			if (a < low || a > high) {
1859 			    fprintf(stderr, "addr %d out of range [%d-%d]\n",
1860 				a, low, high);
1861 			    exit(0);
1862 			}
1863 			a -= low;
1864 			d[ a/32] |= 1<<(a & 31);
1865 			if (*s != ',')
1866 				break;
1867 			av = s+1;
1868 		}
1869 		return;
1870 	}
1871 
1872 	if (cmd->mask.s_addr == 0) { /* any */
1873 		if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
1874 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "not any never matches");
1875 		else	/* useless, nuke it */
1876 			return;
1877 	} else if (cmd->mask.s_addr ==  IP_MASK_ALL)	/* one IP */
1878 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
1879 	else						/* addr/mask */
1880 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip);
1881 }
1882 
1883 
1884 /*
1885  * helper function to process a set of flags and set bits in the
1886  * appropriate masks.
1887  */
1888 static void
1889 fill_flags(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode,
1890 	struct _s_x *flags, char *p)
1891 {
1892 	u_int8_t set=0, clear=0;
1893 
1894 	while (p && *p) {
1895 		char *q;	/* points to the separator */
1896 		int val;
1897 		u_int8_t *which;	/* mask we are working on */
1898 
1899 		if (*p == '!') {
1900 			p++;
1901 			which = &clear;
1902 		} else
1903 			which = &set;
1904 		q = strchr(p, ',');
1905 		if (q)
1906 			*q++ = '\0';
1907 		val = match_token(flags, p);
1908 		if (val <= 0)
1909 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid flag %s", p);
1910 		*which |= (u_int8_t)val;
1911 		p = q;
1912 	}
1913         cmd->opcode = opcode;
1914         cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
1915         cmd->arg1 = (set & 0xff) | ( (clear & 0xff) << 8);
1916 }
1917 
1918 
1919 static void
1920 delete(int ac, char *av[])
1921 {
1922 	u_int32_t rulenum;
1923 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
1924 	int i;
1925 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1926 	int do_set = 0;
1927 
1928 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
1929 
1930 	av++; ac--;
1931 	if (ac > 0 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
1932 		do_set = 1;	/* delete set */
1933 		ac--; av++;
1934 	}
1935 
1936 	/* Rule number */
1937 	while (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
1938 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
1939 		if (do_pipe) {
1940 			if (do_pipe == 1)
1941 				pipe.pipe_nr = i;
1942 			else
1943 				pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
1944 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_DEL,
1945 			    &pipe, sizeof pipe);
1946 			if (i) {
1947 				exitval = 1;
1948 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)",
1949 				    do_pipe == 1 ? pipe.pipe_nr :
1950 				    pipe.fs.fs_nr);
1951 			}
1952 		} else {
1953 			rulenum =  (i & 0xffff) | (do_set << 24);
1954 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, &rulenum,
1955 			    sizeof rulenum);
1956 			if (i) {
1957 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1958 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)",
1959 				    rulenum);
1960 			}
1961 		}
1962 	}
1963 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1964 		exit(exitval);
1965 }
1966 
1967 
1968 /*
1969  * fill the interface structure. We do not check the name as we can
1970  * create interfaces dynamically, so checking them at insert time
1971  * makes relatively little sense.
1972  * A '*' following the name means any unit.
1973  */
1974 static void
1975 fill_iface(ipfw_insn_if *cmd, char *arg)
1976 {
1977 	cmd->name[0] = '\0';
1978 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if);
1979 
1980 	/* Parse the interface or address */
1981 	if (!strcmp(arg, "any"))
1982 		cmd->o.len = 0;		/* effectively ignore this command */
1983 	else if (!isdigit(*arg)) {
1984 		char *q;
1985 
1986 		strncpy(cmd->name, arg, sizeof(cmd->name));
1987 		cmd->name[sizeof(cmd->name) - 1] = '\0';
1988 		/* find first digit or wildcard */
1989 		for (q = cmd->name; *q && !isdigit(*q) && *q != '*'; q++)
1990 			continue;
1991 		cmd->p.unit = (*q == '*') ? -1 : atoi(q);
1992 		*q = '\0';
1993 	} else if (!inet_aton(arg, &cmd->p.ip))
1994 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad ip address ``%s''", arg);
1995 }
1996 
1997 /*
1998  * the following macro returns an error message if we run out of
1999  * arguments.
2000  */
2001 #define	NEED1(msg)	{if (!ac) errx(EX_USAGE, msg);}
2002 
2003 static void
2004 config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
2005 {
2006 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
2007 	int i;
2008 	char *end;
2009 	u_int32_t a;
2010 	void *par = NULL;
2011 
2012 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
2013 
2014 	av++; ac--;
2015 	/* Pipe number */
2016 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2017 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2018 		if (do_pipe == 1)
2019 			pipe.pipe_nr = i;
2020 		else
2021 			pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
2022 	}
2023 	while (ac > 0) {
2024 		double d;
2025 		int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2026 		ac--; av++;
2027 
2028 		switch(tok) {
2029 		case TOK_NOERROR:
2030 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
2031 			break;
2032 
2033 		case TOK_PLR:
2034 			NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
2035 			d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
2036 			if (d > 1)
2037 				d = 1;
2038 			else if (d < 0)
2039 				d = 0;
2040 			pipe.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
2041 			ac--; av++;
2042 			break;
2043 
2044 		case TOK_QUEUE:
2045 			NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
2046 			end = NULL;
2047 			pipe.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2048 			if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2049 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2050 				pipe.fs.qsize *= 1024;
2051 			} else if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2)) {
2052 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2053 			}
2054 			ac--; av++;
2055 			break;
2056 
2057 		case TOK_BUCKETS:
2058 			NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
2059 			pipe.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2060 			ac--; av++;
2061 			break;
2062 
2063 		case TOK_MASK:
2064 			NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
2065 			/*
2066 			 * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
2067 			 * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
2068 			 */
2069 			par = NULL;
2070 
2071 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = 0;
2072 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = 0;
2073 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = 0;
2074 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = 0;
2075 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = 0;
2076 			end = NULL;
2077 
2078 			while (ac >= 1) {
2079 			    u_int32_t *p32 = NULL;
2080 			    u_int16_t *p16 = NULL;
2081 
2082 			    tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2083 			    ac--; av++;
2084 			    switch(tok) {
2085 			    case TOK_ALL:
2086 				    /*
2087 				     * special case, all bits significant
2088 				     */
2089 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
2090 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
2091 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
2092 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
2093 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
2094 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2095 				    goto end_mask;
2096 
2097 			    case TOK_DSTIP:
2098 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
2099 				    break;
2100 
2101 			    case TOK_SRCIP:
2102 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
2103 				    break;
2104 
2105 			    case TOK_DSTPORT:
2106 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
2107 				    break;
2108 
2109 			    case TOK_SRCPORT:
2110 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
2111 				    break;
2112 
2113 			    case TOK_PROTO:
2114 				    break;
2115 
2116 			    default:
2117 				    ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
2118 				    goto end_mask;
2119 			    }
2120 			    if (ac < 1)
2121 				    errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
2122 			    if (*av[0] == '/') {
2123 				    a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
2124 				    a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
2125 			    } else
2126 				    a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2127 			    if (p32 != NULL)
2128 				    *p32 = a;
2129 			    else if (p16 != NULL) {
2130 				    if (a > 65535)
2131 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2132 						"mask: must be 16 bit");
2133 				    *p16 = (u_int16_t)a;
2134 			    } else {
2135 				    if (a > 255)
2136 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2137 						"mask: must be 8 bit");
2138 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = (u_int8_t)a;
2139 			    }
2140 			    if (a != 0)
2141 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2142 			    ac--; av++;
2143 			} /* end while, config masks */
2144 end_mask:
2145 			break;
2146 
2147 		case TOK_RED:
2148 		case TOK_GRED:
2149 			NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
2150 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
2151 			if (tok == TOK_GRED)
2152 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
2153 			/*
2154 			 * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
2155 			 */
2156 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2157 			    double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
2158 			    if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
2159 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
2160 			    pipe.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2161 			}
2162 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2163 			    pipe.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2164 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2165 				pipe.fs.min_th *= 1024;
2166 			}
2167 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2168 			    pipe.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2169 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2170 				pipe.fs.max_th *= 1024;
2171 			}
2172 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2173 			    double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
2174 			    if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
2175 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
2176 			    pipe.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2177 			}
2178 			ac--; av++;
2179 			break;
2180 
2181 		case TOK_DROPTAIL:
2182 			pipe.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
2183 			break;
2184 
2185 		case TOK_BW:
2186 			NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
2187 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2188 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
2189 			/*
2190 			 * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
2191 			 */
2192 			if (av[0][0] >= 'a' && av[0][0] <= 'z') {
2193 			    int l = sizeof(pipe.if_name)-1;
2194 			    /* interface name */
2195 			    strncpy(pipe.if_name, av[0], l);
2196 			    pipe.if_name[l] = '\0';
2197 			    pipe.bandwidth = 0;
2198 			} else {
2199 			    pipe.if_name[0] = '\0';
2200 			    pipe.bandwidth = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2201 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2202 				end++;
2203 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000;
2204 			    } else if (*end == 'M') {
2205 				end++;
2206 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000000;
2207 			    }
2208 			    if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2))
2209 				pipe.bandwidth *= 8;
2210 			    if (pipe.bandwidth < 0)
2211 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
2212 			}
2213 			ac--; av++;
2214 			break;
2215 
2216 		case TOK_DELAY:
2217 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2218 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
2219 			NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
2220 			pipe.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2221 			ac--; av++;
2222 			break;
2223 
2224 		case TOK_WEIGHT:
2225 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2226 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
2227 			NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
2228 			pipe.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2229 			ac--; av++;
2230 			break;
2231 
2232 		case TOK_PIPE:
2233 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2234 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
2235 			NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
2236 			pipe.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2237 			ac--; av++;
2238 			break;
2239 
2240 		default:
2241 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", *av);
2242 		}
2243 	}
2244 	if (do_pipe == 1) {
2245 		if (pipe.pipe_nr == 0)
2246 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
2247 		if (pipe.delay > 10000)
2248 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
2249 	} else { /* do_pipe == 2, queue */
2250 		if (pipe.fs.parent_nr == 0)
2251 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
2252 		if (pipe.fs.weight >100)
2253 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
2254 	}
2255 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
2256 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 1024*1024)
2257 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < 1MB");
2258 	} else {
2259 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 100)
2260 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= 100");
2261 	}
2262 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
2263 		size_t len;
2264 		int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
2265 		double s, idle, weight, w_q;
2266 		struct clockinfo clock;
2267 		int t;
2268 
2269 		if (pipe.fs.min_th >= pipe.fs.max_th)
2270 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
2271 			pipe.fs.min_th, pipe.fs.max_th);
2272 		if (pipe.fs.max_th == 0)
2273 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
2274 
2275 		len = sizeof(int);
2276 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
2277 			&lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2278 
2279 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2280 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
2281 		if (lookup_depth == 0)
2282 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
2283 			" must be greater than zero");
2284 
2285 		len = sizeof(int);
2286 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
2287 			&avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2288 
2289 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2290 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
2291 		if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
2292 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
2293 			    "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
2294 			    " be greater than zero");
2295 
2296 		len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
2297 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &clock, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2298 			errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
2299 
2300 		/*
2301 		 * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
2302 		 * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
2303 		 * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
2304 		 * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
2305 		 * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
2306 		 * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
2307 		 * WF2Q+ ?
2308 		 */
2309 		if (pipe.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
2310 			s = 0;
2311 		else
2312 			s = clock.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / pipe.bandwidth;
2313 
2314 		/*
2315 		 * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
2316 		 * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
2317 		 * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
2318 		 */
2319 		w_q = ((double)pipe.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
2320 		idle = s * 3. / w_q;
2321 		pipe.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
2322 		if (!pipe.fs.lookup_step)
2323 			pipe.fs.lookup_step = 1;
2324 		weight = 1 - w_q;
2325 		for (t = pipe.fs.lookup_step; t > 0; --t)
2326 			weight *= weight;
2327 		pipe.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2328 	}
2329 	i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &pipe,
2330 			    sizeof pipe);
2331 	if (i)
2332 		err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
2333 }
2334 
2335 static void
2336 get_mac_addr_mask(char *p, u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
2337 {
2338 	int i, l;
2339 
2340 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2341 		addr[i] = mask[i] = 0;
2342 	if (!strcmp(p, "any"))
2343 		return;
2344 
2345 	for (i=0; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2346 		addr[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2347 		if (*p != ':') /* we start with the mask */
2348 			break;
2349 	}
2350 	if (*p == '/') { /* mask len */
2351 		l = strtol(p+1, &p, 0);
2352 		for (i=0; l>0; l -=8, i++)
2353 			mask[i] = (l >=8) ? 0xff : (~0) << (8-l);
2354 	} else if (*p == '&') { /* mask */
2355 		for (i=0, p++; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2356 			mask[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2357 			if (*p != ':')
2358 				break;
2359 		}
2360 	} else if (*p == '\0') {
2361 		for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2362 			mask[i] = 0xff;
2363 	}
2364 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2365 		addr[i] &= mask[i];
2366 }
2367 
2368 /*
2369  * helper function, updates the pointer to cmd with the length
2370  * of the current command, and also cleans up the first word of
2371  * the new command in case it has been clobbered before.
2372  */
2373 static ipfw_insn *
2374 next_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd)
2375 {
2376 	cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
2377 	bzero(cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
2378 	return cmd;
2379 }
2380 
2381 /*
2382  * A function to fill simple commands of size 1.
2383  * Existing flags are preserved.
2384  */
2385 static void
2386 fill_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode, int flags, u_int16_t arg)
2387 {
2388 	cmd->opcode = opcode;
2389 	cmd->len =  ((cmd->len | flags) & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2390 	cmd->arg1 = arg;
2391 }
2392 
2393 /*
2394  * Fetch and add the MAC address and type, with masks. This generates one or
2395  * two microinstructions, and returns the pointer to the last one.
2396  */
2397 static ipfw_insn *
2398 add_mac(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av[])
2399 {
2400 	ipfw_insn_mac *mac;
2401 
2402 	if (ac < 2)
2403 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "MAC dst src");
2404 
2405 	cmd->opcode = O_MACADDR2;
2406 	cmd->len = (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac);
2407 
2408 	mac = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
2409 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[0], mac->addr, mac->mask);	/* dst */
2410 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[1], &(mac->addr[6]), &(mac->mask[6])); /* src */
2411 	return cmd;
2412 }
2413 
2414 static ipfw_insn *
2415 add_mactype(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av)
2416 {
2417 	if (ac < 1)
2418 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "missing MAC type");
2419 	if (strcmp(av, "any") != 0) { /* we have a non-null type */
2420 		fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE);
2421 		cmd->opcode = O_MAC_TYPE;
2422 		return cmd;
2423 	} else
2424 		return NULL;
2425 }
2426 
2427 static ipfw_insn *
2428 add_proto(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2429 {
2430 	struct protoent *pe;
2431 	u_char proto = 0;
2432 
2433 	if (!strncmp(av, "all", strlen(av)))
2434 		; /* same as "ip" */
2435 	else if ((proto = atoi(av)) > 0)
2436 		; /* all done! */
2437 	else if ((pe = getprotobyname(av)) != NULL)
2438 		proto = pe->p_proto;
2439 	else
2440 		return NULL;
2441 	if (proto != IPPROTO_IP)
2442 		fill_cmd(cmd, O_PROTO, 0, proto);
2443 	return cmd;
2444 }
2445 
2446 static ipfw_insn *
2447 add_srcip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2448 {
2449 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2450 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2451 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_SET;
2452 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2453 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_ME;
2454 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2455 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC;
2456 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2457 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_MASK;
2458 	return cmd;
2459 }
2460 
2461 static ipfw_insn *
2462 add_dstip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2463 {
2464 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2465 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2466 		;
2467 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2468 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_ME;
2469 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2470 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST;
2471 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2472 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_MASK;
2473 	return cmd;
2474 }
2475 
2476 static ipfw_insn *
2477 add_ports(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av, u_char proto, int opcode)
2478 {
2479 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av))) {
2480 		return NULL;
2481 	} else if (fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, proto)) {
2482 		/* XXX todo: check that we have a protocol with ports */
2483 		cmd->opcode = opcode;
2484 		return cmd;
2485 	}
2486 	return NULL;
2487 }
2488 
2489 /*
2490  * Parse arguments and assemble the microinstructions which make up a rule.
2491  * Rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in the correct order
2492  * into the actual rule.
2493  *
2494  * The syntax for a rule starts with the action, followed by an
2495  * optional log action, and the various match patterns.
2496  * In the assembled microcode, the first opcode must be a O_PROBE_STATE
2497  * (generated if the rule includes a keep-state option), then the
2498  * various match patterns, the "log" action, and the actual action.
2499  *
2500  */
2501 static void
2502 add(int ac, char *av[])
2503 {
2504 	/*
2505 	 * rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in
2506 	 * the correct order into the actual rule.
2507 	 * Some things that need to go out of order (prob, action etc.)
2508 	 * go into actbuf[].
2509 	 */
2510 	static u_int32_t rulebuf[255], actbuf[255], cmdbuf[255];
2511 
2512 	ipfw_insn *src, *dst, *cmd, *action, *prev;
2513 	ipfw_insn *first_cmd;	/* first match pattern */
2514 
2515 	struct ip_fw *rule;
2516 
2517 	/*
2518 	 * various flags used to record that we entered some fields.
2519 	 */
2520 	ipfw_insn *have_state = NULL;	/* check-state or keep-state */
2521 
2522 	int i;
2523 
2524 	int open_par = 0;	/* open parenthesis ( */
2525 
2526 	/* proto is here because it is used to fetch ports */
2527 	u_char proto = IPPROTO_IP;	/* default protocol */
2528 
2529 	double match_prob = 1; /* match probability, default is always match */
2530 
2531 	bzero(actbuf, sizeof(actbuf));		/* actions go here */
2532 	bzero(cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
2533 	bzero(rulebuf, sizeof(rulebuf));
2534 
2535 	rule = (struct ip_fw *)rulebuf;
2536 	cmd = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
2537 	action = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf;
2538 
2539 	av++; ac--;
2540 
2541 	/* [rule N]	-- Rule number optional */
2542 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2543 		rule->rulenum = atoi(*av);
2544 		av++;
2545 		ac--;
2546 	}
2547 
2548 	/* [set N]	-- set number (0..30), optional */
2549 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
2550 		int set = strtoul(av[1], NULL, 10);
2551 		if (set < 0 || set > 30)
2552 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal set %s", av[1]);
2553 		rule->set = set;
2554 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2555 	}
2556 
2557 	/* [prob D]	-- match probability, optional */
2558 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "prob", strlen(*av))) {
2559 		match_prob = strtod(av[1], NULL);
2560 
2561 		if (match_prob <= 0 || match_prob > 1)
2562 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal match prob. %s", av[1]);
2563 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2564 	}
2565 
2566 	/* action	-- mandatory */
2567 	NEED1("missing action");
2568 	i = match_token(rule_actions, *av);
2569 	ac--; av++;
2570 	action->len = 1;	/* default */
2571 	switch(i) {
2572 	case TOK_CHECKSTATE:
2573 		have_state = action;
2574 		action->opcode = O_CHECK_STATE;
2575 		break;
2576 
2577 	case TOK_ACCEPT:
2578 		action->opcode = O_ACCEPT;
2579 		break;
2580 
2581 	case TOK_DENY:
2582 		action->opcode = O_DENY;
2583 		action->arg1 = 0;
2584 		break;
2585 
2586 	case TOK_REJECT:
2587 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2588 		action->arg1 = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
2589 		break;
2590 
2591 	case TOK_RESET:
2592 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2593 		action->arg1 = ICMP_REJECT_RST;
2594 		break;
2595 
2596 	case TOK_UNREACH:
2597 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2598 		NEED1("missing reject code");
2599 		fill_reject_code(&action->arg1, *av);
2600 		ac--; av++;
2601 		break;
2602 
2603 	case TOK_COUNT:
2604 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
2605 		break;
2606 
2607 	case TOK_QUEUE:
2608 	case TOK_PIPE:
2609 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_pipe);
2610 	case TOK_SKIPTO:
2611 		if (i == TOK_QUEUE)
2612 			action->opcode = O_QUEUE;
2613 		else if (i == TOK_PIPE)
2614 			action->opcode = O_PIPE;
2615 		else if (i == TOK_SKIPTO)
2616 			action->opcode = O_SKIPTO;
2617 		NEED1("missing skipto/pipe/queue number");
2618 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 10);
2619 		av++; ac--;
2620 		break;
2621 
2622 	case TOK_DIVERT:
2623 	case TOK_TEE:
2624 		action->opcode = (i == TOK_DIVERT) ? O_DIVERT : O_TEE;
2625 		NEED1("missing divert/tee port");
2626 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
2627 		if (action->arg1 == 0) {
2628 			struct servent *s;
2629 			setservent(1);
2630 			s = getservbyname(av[0], "divert");
2631 			if (s != NULL)
2632 				action->arg1 = ntohs(s->s_port);
2633 			else
2634 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal divert/tee port");
2635 		}
2636 		ac--; av++;
2637 		break;
2638 
2639 	case TOK_FORWARD: {
2640 		ipfw_insn_sa *p = (ipfw_insn_sa *)action;
2641 		char *s, *end;
2642 
2643 		NEED1("missing forward address[:port]");
2644 
2645 		action->opcode = O_FORWARD_IP;
2646 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa);
2647 
2648 		p->sa.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
2649 		p->sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
2650 		p->sa.sin_port = 0;
2651 		/*
2652 		 * locate the address-port separator (':' or ',')
2653 		 */
2654 		s = strchr(*av, ':');
2655 		if (s == NULL)
2656 			s = strchr(*av, ',');
2657 		if (s != NULL) {
2658 			*(s++) = '\0';
2659 			i = strtoport(s, &end, 0 /* base */, 0 /* proto */);
2660 			if (s == end)
2661 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
2662 				    "illegal forwarding port ``%s''", s);
2663 			p->sa.sin_port = (u_short)i;
2664 		}
2665 		lookup_host(*av, &(p->sa.sin_addr));
2666 		}
2667 		ac--; av++;
2668 		break;
2669 
2670 	default:
2671 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid action %s\n", av[-1]);
2672 	}
2673 	action = next_cmd(action);
2674 
2675 	/*
2676 	 * [log [logamount N]]	-- log, optional
2677 	 *
2678 	 * If exists, it goes first in the cmdbuf, but then it is
2679 	 * skipped in the copy section to the end of the buffer.
2680 	 */
2681 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "log", strlen(*av))) {
2682 		ipfw_insn_log *c = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
2683 
2684 		cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log);
2685 		cmd->opcode = O_LOG;
2686 		av++; ac--;
2687 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "logamount", strlen(*av))) {
2688 			ac--; av++;
2689 			NEED1("logamount requires argument");
2690 			c->max_log = atoi(*av);
2691 			if (c->max_log < 0)
2692 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "logamount must be positive");
2693 			ac--; av++;
2694 		}
2695 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2696 	}
2697 
2698 	if (have_state)	/* must be a check-state, we are done */
2699 		goto done;
2700 
2701 #define OR_START(target)					\
2702 	if (ac && (*av[0] == '(' || *av[0] == '{')) {		\
2703 		if (open_par)					\
2704 			errx(EX_USAGE, "nested \"(\" not allowed\n"); \
2705 		prev = NULL;					\
2706 		open_par = 1;					\
2707 		if ( (av[0])[1] == '\0') {			\
2708 			ac--; av++;				\
2709 		} else						\
2710 			(*av)++;				\
2711 	}							\
2712 	target:							\
2713 
2714 
2715 #define	CLOSE_PAR						\
2716 	if (open_par) {						\
2717 		if (ac && (					\
2718 		    !strncmp(*av, ")", strlen(*av)) ||		\
2719 		    !strncmp(*av, "}", strlen(*av)) )) {	\
2720 			prev = NULL;				\
2721 			open_par = 0;				\
2722 			ac--; av++;				\
2723 		} else						\
2724 			errx(EX_USAGE, "missing \")\"\n");	\
2725 	}
2726 
2727 #define NOT_BLOCK						\
2728 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "not", strlen(*av))) {		\
2729 		if (cmd->len & F_NOT)				\
2730 			errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n"); \
2731 		cmd->len |= F_NOT;				\
2732 		ac--; av++;					\
2733 	}
2734 
2735 #define OR_BLOCK(target)					\
2736 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "or", strlen(*av))) {		\
2737 		if (prev == NULL || open_par == 0)		\
2738 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid OR block");	\
2739 		prev->len |= F_OR;				\
2740 		ac--; av++;					\
2741 		goto target;					\
2742 	}							\
2743 	CLOSE_PAR;
2744 
2745 	first_cmd = cmd;
2746 
2747 #if 0
2748 	/*
2749 	 * MAC addresses, optional.
2750 	 * If we have this, we skip the part "proto from src to dst"
2751 	 * and jump straight to the option parsing.
2752 	 */
2753 	NOT_BLOCK;
2754 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2755 	if (!strncmp(*av, "MAC", strlen(*av)) ||
2756 	    !strncmp(*av, "mac", strlen(*av))) {
2757 		ac--; av++;	/* the "MAC" keyword */
2758 		add_mac(cmd, ac, av); /* exits in case of errors */
2759 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2760 		ac -= 2; av += 2;	/* dst-mac and src-mac */
2761 		NOT_BLOCK;
2762 		NEED1("missing mac type");
2763 		if (add_mactype(cmd, ac, av[0]))
2764 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2765 		ac--; av++;	/* any or mac-type */
2766 		goto read_options;
2767 	}
2768 #endif
2769 
2770 	/*
2771 	 * protocol, mandatory
2772 	 */
2773     OR_START(get_proto);
2774 	NOT_BLOCK;
2775 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2776 	if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
2777 		av++; ac--;
2778 		if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* plain IP */
2779 			proto = 0;
2780 		else {
2781 			proto = cmd->arg1;
2782 			prev = cmd;
2783 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2784 		}
2785 	} else if (first_cmd != cmd) {
2786 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", av);
2787 	} else
2788 		goto read_options;
2789     OR_BLOCK(get_proto);
2790 
2791 	/*
2792 	 * "from", mandatory
2793 	 */
2794 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "from", strlen(*av)))
2795 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``from''");
2796 	ac--; av++;
2797 
2798 	/*
2799 	 * source IP, mandatory
2800 	 */
2801     OR_START(source_ip);
2802 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2803 	NEED1("missing source address");
2804 	if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
2805 		ac--; av++;
2806 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2807 			prev = cmd;
2808 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2809 		}
2810 	}
2811     OR_BLOCK(source_ip);
2812 
2813 	/*
2814 	 * source ports, optional
2815 	 */
2816 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2817 	if (ac) {
2818 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2819 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
2820 			ac--; av++;
2821 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2822 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2823 		}
2824 	}
2825 
2826 	/*
2827 	 * "to", mandatory
2828 	 */
2829 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "to", strlen(*av)))
2830 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``to''");
2831 	av++; ac--;
2832 
2833 	/*
2834 	 * destination, mandatory
2835 	 */
2836     OR_START(dest_ip);
2837 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2838 	NEED1("missing dst address");
2839 	if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
2840 		ac--; av++;
2841 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2842 			prev = cmd;
2843 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2844 		}
2845 	}
2846     OR_BLOCK(dest_ip);
2847 
2848 	/*
2849 	 * dest. ports, optional
2850 	 */
2851 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2852 	if (ac) {
2853 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2854 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
2855 			ac--; av++;
2856 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2857 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2858 		}
2859 	}
2860 
2861 read_options:
2862 	if (ac && first_cmd == cmd) {
2863 		/*
2864 		 * nothing specified so far, store in the rule to ease
2865 		 * printout later.
2866 		 */
2867 		 rule->_pad = 1;
2868 	}
2869 	prev = NULL;
2870 	while (ac) {
2871 		char *s;
2872 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32;	/* alias for cmd */
2873 
2874 		s = *av;
2875 		cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
2876 
2877 		if (*s == '!') {	/* alternate syntax for NOT */
2878 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2879 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2880 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2881 			s++;
2882 		}
2883 		i = match_token(rule_options, s);
2884 		ac--; av++;
2885 		switch(i) {
2886 		case TOK_NOT:
2887 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2888 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2889 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2890 			break;
2891 
2892 		case TOK_OR:
2893 			if (open_par == 0 || prev == NULL)
2894 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid \"or\" block\n");
2895 			prev->len |= F_OR;
2896 			break;
2897 
2898 		case TOK_STARTBRACE:
2899 			if (open_par)
2900 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+nested \"(\" not allowed\n");
2901 			open_par = 1;
2902 			break;
2903 
2904 		case TOK_ENDBRACE:
2905 			if (!open_par)
2906 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+missing \")\"\n");
2907 			open_par = 0;
2908 			prev = NULL;
2909         		break;
2910 
2911 		case TOK_IN:
2912 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2913 			break;
2914 
2915 		case TOK_OUT:
2916 			cmd->len ^= F_NOT; /* toggle F_NOT */
2917 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2918 			break;
2919 
2920 		case TOK_FRAG:
2921 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_FRAG, 0, 0);
2922 			break;
2923 
2924 		case TOK_LAYER2:
2925 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_LAYER2, 0, 0);
2926 			break;
2927 
2928 		case TOK_XMIT:
2929 		case TOK_RECV:
2930 		case TOK_VIA:
2931 			NEED1("recv, xmit, via require interface name"
2932 				" or address");
2933 			fill_iface((ipfw_insn_if *)cmd, av[0]);
2934 			ac--; av++;
2935 			if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* not a valid address */
2936 				break;
2937 			if (i == TOK_XMIT)
2938 				cmd->opcode = O_XMIT;
2939 			else if (i == TOK_RECV)
2940 				cmd->opcode = O_RECV;
2941 			else if (i == TOK_VIA)
2942 				cmd->opcode = O_VIA;
2943 			break;
2944 
2945 		case TOK_ICMPTYPES:
2946 			NEED1("icmptypes requires list of types");
2947 			fill_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd, *av);
2948 			av++; ac--;
2949 			break;
2950 
2951 		case TOK_IPTTL:
2952 			NEED1("ipttl requires TTL");
2953 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPTTL, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2954 			ac--; av++;
2955 			break;
2956 
2957 		case TOK_IPID:
2958 			NEED1("ipid requires length");
2959 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPID, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2960 			ac--; av++;
2961 			break;
2962 
2963 		case TOK_IPLEN:
2964 			NEED1("iplen requires length");
2965 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPLEN, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2966 			ac--; av++;
2967 			break;
2968 
2969 		case TOK_IPVER:
2970 			NEED1("ipver requires version");
2971 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPVER, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2972 			ac--; av++;
2973 			break;
2974 
2975 		case TOK_IPPRECEDENCE:
2976 			NEED1("ipprecedence requires value");
2977 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPPRECEDENCE, 0,
2978 			    (strtoul(*av, NULL, 0) & 7) << 5);
2979 			ac--; av++;
2980 			break;
2981 
2982 		case TOK_IPOPTS:
2983 			NEED1("missing argument for ipoptions");
2984 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPOPT, f_ipopts, *av);
2985 			ac--; av++;
2986 			break;
2987 
2988 		case TOK_IPTOS:
2989 			NEED1("missing argument for iptos");
2990 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPTOS, f_iptos, *av);
2991 			ac--; av++;
2992 			break;
2993 
2994 		case TOK_UID:
2995 			NEED1("uid requires argument");
2996 		    {
2997 			char *end;
2998 			uid_t uid;
2999 			struct passwd *pwd;
3000 
3001 			cmd->opcode = O_UID;
3002 			uid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3003 			pwd = (*end == '\0') ? getpwuid(uid) : getpwnam(*av);
3004 			if (pwd == NULL)
3005 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3006 			cmd32->d[0] = pwd->pw_uid;
3007 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3008 			ac--; av++;
3009 		    }
3010 			break;
3011 
3012 		case TOK_GID:
3013 			NEED1("gid requires argument");
3014 		    {
3015 			char *end;
3016 			gid_t gid;
3017 			struct group *grp;
3018 
3019 			cmd->opcode = O_GID;
3020 			gid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3021 			grp = (*end == '\0') ? getgrgid(gid) : getgrnam(*av);
3022 			if (grp == NULL)
3023 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "gid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3024 			cmd32->d[0] = grp->gr_gid;
3025 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3026 			ac--; av++;
3027 		    }
3028 			break;
3029 
3030 		case TOK_ESTAB:
3031 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ESTAB, 0, 0);
3032 			break;
3033 
3034 		case TOK_SETUP:
3035 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, 0,
3036 				(TH_SYN) | ( (TH_ACK) & 0xff) <<8 );
3037 			break;
3038 
3039 		case TOK_TCPOPTS:
3040 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpoptions");
3041 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPOPTS, f_tcpopts, *av);
3042 			ac--; av++;
3043 			break;
3044 
3045 		case TOK_TCPSEQ:
3046 		case TOK_TCPACK:
3047 			NEED1("tcpseq/tcpack requires argument");
3048 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3049 			cmd->opcode = (i == TOK_TCPSEQ) ? O_TCPSEQ : O_TCPACK;
3050 			cmd32->d[0] = htonl(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3051 			ac--; av++;
3052 			break;
3053 
3054 		case TOK_TCPWIN:
3055 			NEED1("tcpwin requires length");
3056 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPWIN, 0,
3057 			    htons(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0)));
3058 			ac--; av++;
3059 			break;
3060 
3061 		case TOK_TCPFLAGS:
3062 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpflags");
3063 			cmd->opcode = O_TCPFLAGS;
3064 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, f_tcpflags, *av);
3065 			ac--; av++;
3066 			break;
3067 
3068 		case TOK_KEEPSTATE:
3069 			if (open_par)
3070 				errx(EX_USAGE, "keep-state cannot be part "
3071 				    "of an or block");
3072 			if (have_state)
3073 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3074 					"and limit is allowed");
3075 			have_state = cmd;
3076 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_KEEP_STATE, 0, 0);
3077 			break;
3078 
3079 		case TOK_LIMIT:
3080 			if (open_par)
3081 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit cannot be part "
3082 				    "of an or block");
3083 			if (have_state)
3084 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3085 					"and limit is allowed");
3086 			NEED1("limit needs mask and # of connections");
3087 			have_state = cmd;
3088 		    {
3089 			ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
3090 
3091 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit);
3092 			cmd->opcode = O_LIMIT;
3093 			c->limit_mask = 0;
3094 			c->conn_limit = 0;
3095 			for (; ac >1 ;) {
3096 				int val;
3097 
3098 				val = match_token(limit_masks, *av);
3099 				if (val <= 0)
3100 					break;
3101 				c->limit_mask |= val;
3102 				ac--; av++;
3103 			}
3104 			c->conn_limit = atoi(*av);
3105 			if (c->conn_limit == 0)
3106 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit: limit must be >0");
3107 			if (c->limit_mask == 0)
3108 				errx(EX_USAGE, "missing limit mask");
3109 			ac--; av++;
3110 		    }
3111 			break;
3112 
3113 		case TOK_PROTO:
3114 			NEED1("missing protocol");
3115 			if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3116 				proto = cmd->arg1;
3117 				ac--; av++;
3118 			} else
3119 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", av);
3120 			break;
3121 
3122 		case TOK_SRCIP:
3123 			NEED1("missing source IP");
3124 			if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3125 				ac--; av++;
3126 			}
3127 			break;
3128 
3129 		case TOK_DSTIP:
3130 			NEED1("missing destination IP");
3131 			if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3132 				ac--; av++;
3133 			}
3134 			break;
3135 
3136 		case TOK_SRCPORT:
3137 			NEED1("missing source port");
3138 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3139 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3140 				ac--; av++;
3141 			} else
3142 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source port %s", *av);
3143 			break;
3144 
3145 		case TOK_DSTPORT:
3146 			NEED1("missing destination port");
3147 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3148 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3149 				ac--; av++;
3150 			} else
3151 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid destination port %s",
3152 				    *av);
3153 			break;
3154 
3155 		case TOK_MAC:
3156 			if (ac < 2)
3157 				errx(EX_USAGE, "MAC dst-mac src-mac");
3158 			if (add_mac(cmd, ac, av)) {
3159 				ac -= 2; av += 2;
3160 			}
3161 			break;
3162 
3163 		case TOK_MACTYPE:
3164 			NEED1("missing mac type");
3165 			if (!add_mactype(cmd, ac, *av))
3166 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid mac type %s", av);
3167 			ac--; av++;
3168 			break;
3169 
3170 		default:
3171 			errx(EX_USAGE, "unrecognised option [%d] %s\n", i, s);
3172 		}
3173 		if (F_LEN(cmd) > 0) {	/* prepare to advance */
3174 			prev = cmd;
3175 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3176 		}
3177 	}
3178 
3179 done:
3180 	/*
3181 	 * Now copy stuff into the rule.
3182 	 * If we have a keep-state option, the first instruction
3183 	 * must be a PROBE_STATE (which is generated here).
3184 	 * If we have a LOG option, it was stored as the first command,
3185 	 * and now must be moved to the top of the action part.
3186 	 */
3187 	dst = (ipfw_insn *)rule->cmd;
3188 
3189 	/*
3190 	 * First thing to write into the command stream is the match probability.
3191 	 */
3192 	if (match_prob != 1) { /* 1 means always match */
3193 		dst->opcode = O_PROB;
3194 		dst->len = 2;
3195 		*((int32_t *)(dst+1)) = (int32_t)(match_prob * 0x7fffffff);
3196 		dst += dst->len;
3197 	}
3198 
3199 	/*
3200 	 * generate O_PROBE_STATE if necessary
3201 	 */
3202 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3203 		fill_cmd(dst, O_PROBE_STATE, 0, 0);
3204 		dst = next_cmd(dst);
3205 	}
3206 	/*
3207 	 * copy all commands but O_LOG, O_KEEP_STATE, O_LIMIT
3208 	 */
3209 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf; src != cmd; src += i) {
3210 		i = F_LEN(src);
3211 
3212 		switch (src->opcode) {
3213 		case O_LOG:
3214 		case O_KEEP_STATE:
3215 		case O_LIMIT:
3216 			break;
3217 		default:
3218 			bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3219 			dst += i;
3220 		}
3221 	}
3222 
3223 	/*
3224 	 * put back the have_state command as last opcode
3225 	 */
3226 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3227 		i = F_LEN(have_state);
3228 		bcopy(have_state, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3229 		dst += i;
3230 	}
3231 	/*
3232 	 * start action section
3233 	 */
3234 	rule->act_ofs = dst - rule->cmd;
3235 
3236 	/*
3237 	 * put back O_LOG if necessary
3238 	 */
3239 	src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
3240 	if ( src->opcode == O_LOG ) {
3241 		i = F_LEN(src);
3242 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3243 		dst += i;
3244 	}
3245 	/*
3246 	 * copy all other actions
3247 	 */
3248 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf; src != action; src += i) {
3249 		i = F_LEN(src);
3250 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3251 		dst += i;
3252 	}
3253 
3254 	rule->cmd_len = (u_int32_t *)dst - (u_int32_t *)(rule->cmd);
3255 	i = (void *)dst - (void *)rule;
3256 	if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ADD, rule, &i) == -1)
3257 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "getsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ADD");
3258 	if (!do_quiet)
3259 		show_ipfw(rule, 10, 10);
3260 }
3261 
3262 static void
3263 zero(int ac, char *av[])
3264 {
3265 	int rulenum;
3266 	int failed = EX_OK;
3267 
3268 	av++; ac--;
3269 
3270 	if (!ac) {
3271 		/* clear all entries */
3272 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ZERO, NULL, 0) < 0)
3273 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ZERO");
3274 		if (!do_quiet)
3275 			printf("Accounting cleared.\n");
3276 
3277 		return;
3278 	}
3279 
3280 	while (ac) {
3281 		/* Rule number */
3282 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3283 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3284 			av++;
3285 			ac--;
3286 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3287 			    IP_FW_ZERO, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3288 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_ZERO)",
3289 				    rulenum);
3290 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3291 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3292 				printf("Entry %d cleared\n", rulenum);
3293 		} else {
3294 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3295 		}
3296 	}
3297 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3298 		exit(failed);
3299 }
3300 
3301 static void
3302 resetlog(int ac, char *av[])
3303 {
3304 	int rulenum;
3305 	int failed = EX_OK;
3306 
3307 	av++; ac--;
3308 
3309 	if (!ac) {
3310 		/* clear all entries */
3311 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_RESETLOG, NULL, 0) < 0)
3312 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)");
3313 		if (!do_quiet)
3314 			printf("Logging counts reset.\n");
3315 
3316 		return;
3317 	}
3318 
3319 	while (ac) {
3320 		/* Rule number */
3321 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3322 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3323 			av++;
3324 			ac--;
3325 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3326 			    IP_FW_RESETLOG, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3327 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)",
3328 				    rulenum);
3329 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3330 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3331 				printf("Entry %d logging count reset\n",
3332 				    rulenum);
3333 		} else {
3334 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3335 		}
3336 	}
3337 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3338 		exit(failed);
3339 }
3340 
3341 static void
3342 flush()
3343 {
3344 	int cmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_FLUSH : IP_FW_FLUSH;
3345 
3346 	if (!do_force && !do_quiet) { /* need to ask user */
3347 		int c;
3348 
3349 		printf("Are you sure? [yn] ");
3350 		fflush(stdout);
3351 		do {
3352 			c = toupper(getc(stdin));
3353 			while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n')
3354 				if (feof(stdin))
3355 					return; /* and do not flush */
3356 		} while (c != 'Y' && c != 'N');
3357 		printf("\n");
3358 		if (c == 'N')	/* user said no */
3359 			return;
3360 	}
3361 	if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, cmd, NULL, 0) < 0)
3362 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_%s_FLUSH)",
3363 		    do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
3364 	if (!do_quiet)
3365 		printf("Flushed all %s.\n", do_pipe ? "pipes" : "rules");
3366 }
3367 
3368 static int
3369 ipfw_main(int ac, char **av)
3370 {
3371 	int ch;
3372 
3373 	if (ac == 1)
3374 		show_usage();
3375 
3376 	/* Set the force flag for non-interactive processes */
3377 	do_force = !isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
3378 
3379 	optind = optreset = 1;
3380 	while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "hs:acdefNqStv")) != -1)
3381 		switch (ch) {
3382 		case 'h': /* help */
3383 			help();
3384 			break;	/* NOTREACHED */
3385 
3386 		case 's': /* sort */
3387 			do_sort = atoi(optarg);
3388 			break;
3389 		case 'a':
3390 			do_acct = 1;
3391 			break;
3392 		case 'c':
3393 			do_compact = 1;
3394 			break;
3395 		case 'd':
3396 			do_dynamic = 1;
3397 			break;
3398 		case 'e':
3399 			do_expired = 1;
3400 			break;
3401 		case 'f':
3402 			do_force = 1;
3403 			break;
3404 		case 'N':
3405 			do_resolv = 1;
3406 			break;
3407 		case 'q':
3408 			do_quiet = 1;
3409 			break;
3410 		case 'S':
3411 			show_sets = 1;
3412 			break;
3413 		case 't':
3414 			do_time = 1;
3415 			break;
3416 		case 'v': /* verbose */
3417 			verbose++;
3418 			break;
3419 		default:
3420 			show_usage();
3421 		}
3422 
3423 	ac -= optind;
3424 	av += optind;
3425 	NEED1("bad arguments, for usage summary ``ipfw''");
3426 
3427 	/*
3428 	 * optional: pipe or queue
3429 	 */
3430 	if (!strncmp(*av, "pipe", strlen(*av))) {
3431 		do_pipe = 1;
3432 		ac--;
3433 		av++;
3434 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "queue", strlen(*av))) {
3435 		do_pipe = 2;
3436 		ac--;
3437 		av++;
3438 	}
3439 	NEED1("missing command");
3440 
3441 	/*
3442 	 * for pipes and queues we normally say 'pipe NN config'
3443 	 * but the code is easier to parse as 'pipe config NN'
3444 	 * so we swap the two arguments.
3445 	 */
3446 	if (do_pipe > 0 && ac > 1 && *av[0] >= '0' && *av[0] <= '9') {
3447 		char *p = av[0];
3448 		av[0] = av[1];
3449 		av[1] = p;
3450 	}
3451 	if (!strncmp(*av, "add", strlen(*av)))
3452 		add(ac, av);
3453 	else if (do_pipe && !strncmp(*av, "config", strlen(*av)))
3454 		config_pipe(ac, av);
3455 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "delete", strlen(*av)))
3456 		delete(ac, av);
3457 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "flush", strlen(*av)))
3458 		flush();
3459 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "zero", strlen(*av)))
3460 		zero(ac, av);
3461 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "resetlog", strlen(*av)))
3462 		resetlog(ac, av);
3463 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "print", strlen(*av)) ||
3464 	         !strncmp(*av, "list", strlen(*av)))
3465 		list(ac, av);
3466 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
3467 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 1);
3468 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
3469 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 0);
3470 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av)))
3471 		sets_handler(ac, av);
3472 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av))) {
3473 		do_acct++;
3474 		list(ac, av);
3475 	} else
3476 		errx(EX_USAGE, "bad command `%s'", *av);
3477 	return 0;
3478 }
3479 
3480 
3481 static void
3482 ipfw_readfile(int ac, char *av[])
3483 {
3484 #define MAX_ARGS	32
3485 #define WHITESP		" \t\f\v\n\r"
3486 	char	buf[BUFSIZ];
3487 	char	*a, *p, *args[MAX_ARGS], *cmd = NULL;
3488 	char	linename[10];
3489 	int	i=0, lineno=0, qflag=0, pflag=0, status;
3490 	FILE	*f = NULL;
3491 	pid_t	preproc = 0;
3492 	int	c;
3493 
3494 	while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "D:U:p:q")) != -1)
3495 		switch(c) {
3496 		case 'D':
3497 			if (!pflag)
3498 				errx(EX_USAGE, "-D requires -p");
3499 			if (i > MAX_ARGS - 2)
3500 				errx(EX_USAGE,
3501 				     "too many -D or -U options");
3502 			args[i++] = "-D";
3503 			args[i++] = optarg;
3504 			break;
3505 
3506 		case 'U':
3507 			if (!pflag)
3508 				errx(EX_USAGE, "-U requires -p");
3509 			if (i > MAX_ARGS - 2)
3510 				errx(EX_USAGE,
3511 				     "too many -D or -U options");
3512 			args[i++] = "-U";
3513 			args[i++] = optarg;
3514 			break;
3515 
3516 		case 'p':
3517 			pflag = 1;
3518 			cmd = optarg;
3519 			args[0] = cmd;
3520 			i = 1;
3521 			break;
3522 
3523 		case 'q':
3524 			qflag = 1;
3525 			break;
3526 
3527 		default:
3528 			errx(EX_USAGE, "bad arguments, for usage"
3529 			     " summary ``ipfw''");
3530 		}
3531 
3532 	av += optind;
3533 	ac -= optind;
3534 	if (ac != 1)
3535 		errx(EX_USAGE, "extraneous filename arguments");
3536 
3537 	if ((f = fopen(av[0], "r")) == NULL)
3538 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", av[0]);
3539 
3540 	if (pflag) {
3541 		/* pipe through preprocessor (cpp or m4) */
3542 		int pipedes[2];
3543 
3544 		args[i] = 0;
3545 
3546 		if (pipe(pipedes) == -1)
3547 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot create pipe");
3548 
3549 		switch((preproc = fork())) {
3550 		case -1:
3551 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot fork");
3552 
3553 		case 0:
3554 			/* child */
3555 			if (dup2(fileno(f), 0) == -1
3556 			    || dup2(pipedes[1], 1) == -1)
3557 				err(EX_OSERR, "dup2()");
3558 			fclose(f);
3559 			close(pipedes[1]);
3560 			close(pipedes[0]);
3561 			execvp(cmd, args);
3562 			err(EX_OSERR, "execvp(%s) failed", cmd);
3563 
3564 		default:
3565 			/* parent */
3566 			fclose(f);
3567 			close(pipedes[1]);
3568 			if ((f = fdopen(pipedes[0], "r")) == NULL) {
3569 				int savederrno = errno;
3570 
3571 				(void)kill(preproc, SIGTERM);
3572 				errno = savederrno;
3573 				err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
3574 			}
3575 		}
3576 	}
3577 
3578 	while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, f)) {
3579 		lineno++;
3580 		sprintf(linename, "Line %d", lineno);
3581 		args[0] = linename;
3582 
3583 		if (*buf == '#')
3584 			continue;
3585 		if ((p = strchr(buf, '#')) != NULL)
3586 			*p = '\0';
3587 		i = 1;
3588 		if (qflag)
3589 			args[i++] = "-q";
3590 		for (a = strtok(buf, WHITESP);
3591 		    a && i < MAX_ARGS; a = strtok(NULL, WHITESP), i++)
3592 			args[i] = a;
3593 		if (i == (qflag? 2: 1))
3594 			continue;
3595 		if (i == MAX_ARGS)
3596 			errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: too many arguments",
3597 			    linename);
3598 		args[i] = NULL;
3599 
3600 		ipfw_main(i, args);
3601 	}
3602 	fclose(f);
3603 	if (pflag) {
3604 		if (waitpid(preproc, &status, 0) == -1)
3605 			errx(EX_OSERR, "waitpid()");
3606 		if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_OK)
3607 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3608 			    "preprocessor exited with status %d",
3609 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
3610 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
3611 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3612 			    "preprocessor exited with signal %d",
3613 			    WTERMSIG(status));
3614 	}
3615 }
3616 
3617 int
3618 main(int ac, char *av[])
3619 {
3620 	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
3621 	if (s < 0)
3622 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "socket");
3623 
3624 	/*
3625 	 * If the last argument is an absolute pathname, interpret it
3626 	 * as a file to be preprocessed.
3627 	 */
3628 
3629 	if (ac > 1 && av[ac - 1][0] == '/' && access(av[ac - 1], R_OK) == 0)
3630 		ipfw_readfile(ac, av);
3631 	else
3632 		ipfw_main(ac, av);
3633 	return EX_OK;
3634 }
3635