xref: /dragonfly/sbin/savecore/savecore.c (revision 6bd457ed)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1986, 1992, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1986, 1992, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
34  * @(#)savecore.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 1/2/94
35  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/savecore/savecore.c,v 1.28.2.13 2002/04/07 21:17:50 asmodai Exp $
36  * $DragonFly: src/sbin/savecore/savecore.c,v 1.10 2005/04/22 02:23:23 swildner Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/stat.h>
41 #include <sys/mount.h>
42 #include <sys/syslog.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 
45 #include <vm/vm.h>
46 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
47 #include <vm/pmap.h>
48 
49 #include <dirent.h>
50 #include <fcntl.h>
51 #include <nlist.h>
52 #include <paths.h>
53 #include <stdio.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 
58 extern FILE *zopen(const char *fname, const char *mode);
59 
60 #ifdef __i386__
61 #define ok(number) ((number) - kernbase)
62 #endif
63 
64 struct nlist current_nl[] = {	/* Namelist for currently running system. */
65 #define X_DUMPLO	0
66 	{ "_dumplo", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
67 #define X_TIME		1
68 	{ "_time_second", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
69 #define	X_DUMPSIZE	2
70 	{ "_dumpsize", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
71 #define X_VERSION	3
72 	{ "_version", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
73 #define X_PANICSTR	4
74 	{ "_panicstr", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
75 #define	X_DUMPMAG	5
76 	{ "_dumpmag", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
77 #define	X_KERNBASE	6
78 	{ "_kernbase", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
79 	{ "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
80 };
81 int cursyms[] = { X_DUMPLO, X_VERSION, X_DUMPMAG, -1 };
82 int dumpsyms[] = { X_TIME, X_DUMPSIZE, X_VERSION, X_PANICSTR, X_DUMPMAG, -1 };
83 
84 struct nlist dump_nl[] = {               /* Name list for dumped system. */
85 	{ "_dumplo", 0, 0, 0, 0 },       /* Entries MUST be the same as  */
86 	{ "_time_second", 0, 0, 0, 0 },	 /* those in current_nl[].       */
87 	{ "_dumpsize", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
88 	{ "_version", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
89 	{ "_panicstr", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
90 	{ "_dumpmag", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
91 	{ "_kernbase", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
92 	{ "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
93 };
94 
95 /* Types match kernel declarations. */
96 u_long	dumpmag;			/* magic number in dump */
97 
98 /* Based on kernel variables, but with more convenient types. */
99 off_t	dumplo;				/* where dump starts on dumpdev */
100 off_t	dumpsize;			/* amount of memory dumped */
101 
102 char	*kernel;			/* user-specified kernel */
103 char	*savedir;			/* directory to save dumps in */
104 char	ddname[MAXPATHLEN];		/* name of dump device */
105 dev_t	dumpdev;			/* dump device */
106 int	dumpfd;				/* read/write descriptor on char dev */
107 time_t	now;				/* current date */
108 char	panic_mesg[1024];		/* panic message */
109 int	panicstr;		        /* flag: dump was caused by panic */
110 char	vers[1024];			/* version of kernel that crashed */
111 
112 #ifdef __i386__
113 u_long	kernbase;			/* offset of kvm to core file */
114 #endif
115 
116 static int	clear, compress, force, verbose;	/* flags */
117 static int	keep;			/* keep dump on device */
118 
119 static void	check_kmem(void);
120 static int	check_space(void);
121 static void	clear_dump(void);
122 static void	DumpRead(int fd, void *bp, int size, off_t off, int flag);
123 static void	DumpWrite(int fd, void *bp, int size, off_t off, int flag);
124 static int	dump_exists(void);
125 static void	find_dev(dev_t);
126 static int	get_crashtime(void);
127 static void	get_dumpsize(void);
128 static void	kmem_setup(void);
129 static void	Lseek(int, off_t, int);
130 static int	Open(const char *, int rw);
131 static int	Read(int, void *, int);
132 static void	save_core(void);
133 static void	usage(void);
134 static int	verify_dev(char *, dev_t);
135 static void	Write(int, void *, int);
136 
137 int
138 main(int argc, char **argv)
139 {
140 	int ch;
141 
142 	openlog("savecore", LOG_PERROR, LOG_DAEMON);
143 
144 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cdfkN:vz")) != -1)
145 		switch(ch) {
146 		case 'c':
147 			clear = 1;
148 			break;
149 		case 'd':		/* Not documented. */
150 		case 'v':
151 			verbose = 1;
152 			break;
153 		case 'f':
154 			force = 1;
155 			break;
156 		case 'k':
157 			keep = 1;
158 			break;
159 		case 'N':
160 			kernel = optarg;
161 			break;
162 		case 'z':
163 			compress = 1;
164 			break;
165 		case '?':
166 		default:
167 			usage();
168 		}
169 	argc -= optind;
170 	argv += optind;
171 
172 	if (!clear) {
173 		if (argc != 1 && argc != 2)
174 			usage();
175 		savedir = argv[0];
176 	}
177 	if (argc == 2)
178 		kernel = argv[1];
179 
180 	time(&now);
181 	kmem_setup();
182 
183 	if (clear) {
184 		clear_dump();
185 		exit(0);
186 	}
187 
188 	if (!dump_exists() && !force)
189 		exit(1);
190 
191 	check_kmem();
192 
193 	if (panicstr)
194 		syslog(LOG_ALERT, "reboot after panic: %s", panic_mesg);
195 	else
196 		syslog(LOG_ALERT, "reboot");
197 
198 	get_dumpsize();
199 
200 	if ((!get_crashtime() || !check_space()) && !force)
201 		exit(1);
202 
203 	save_core();
204 
205 	if (!keep)
206 		clear_dump();
207 
208 	exit(0);
209 }
210 
211 static void
212 kmem_setup(void)
213 {
214 	int kmem, i;
215 	const char *dump_sys;
216 	size_t len;
217 	long kdumplo;		/* block number where dump starts on dumpdev */
218 	char *p;
219 
220 	/*
221 	 * Some names we need for the currently running system, others for
222 	 * the system that was running when the dump was made.  The values
223 	 * obtained from the current system are used to look for things in
224 	 * /dev/kmem that cannot be found in the dump_sys namelist, but are
225 	 * presumed to be the same (since the disk partitions are probably
226 	 * the same!)
227 	 */
228 	if ((nlist(getbootfile(), current_nl)) == -1)
229 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: nlist: %m", getbootfile());
230 	for (i = 0; cursyms[i] != -1; i++)
231 		if (current_nl[cursyms[i]].n_value == 0) {
232 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %s not in namelist",
233 			    getbootfile(), current_nl[cursyms[i]].n_name);
234 			exit(1);
235 		}
236 
237 	dump_sys = kernel ? kernel : getbootfile();
238 	if ((nlist(dump_sys, dump_nl)) == -1)
239 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: nlist: %m", dump_sys);
240 	for (i = 0; dumpsyms[i] != -1; i++)
241 		if (dump_nl[dumpsyms[i]].n_value == 0) {
242 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %s not in namelist",
243 			    dump_sys, dump_nl[dumpsyms[i]].n_name);
244 			exit(1);
245 		}
246 
247 #ifdef __i386__
248 	if (dump_nl[X_KERNBASE].n_value != 0)
249 		kernbase = dump_nl[X_KERNBASE].n_value;
250 	else
251 		kernbase = KERNBASE;
252 #endif
253 
254 	len = sizeof dumpdev;
255 	if (sysctlbyname("kern.dumpdev", &dumpdev, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
256 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "sysctl: kern.dumpdev: %m");
257 		exit(1);
258 	}
259 	if (dumpdev == NODEV) {
260 		syslog(LOG_WARNING, "no core dump (no dumpdev)");
261 		exit(1);
262 	}
263 
264 	kmem = Open(_PATH_KMEM, O_RDONLY);
265 	Lseek(kmem, (off_t)current_nl[X_DUMPLO].n_value, L_SET);
266 	Read(kmem, &kdumplo, sizeof(kdumplo));
267 	dumplo = (off_t)kdumplo * DEV_BSIZE;
268 	if (verbose)
269 		printf("dumplo = %lld (%ld * %d)\n",
270 		    (long long)dumplo, kdumplo, DEV_BSIZE);
271 	Lseek(kmem, (off_t)current_nl[X_DUMPMAG].n_value, L_SET);
272 	Read(kmem, &dumpmag, sizeof(dumpmag));
273 	find_dev(dumpdev);
274 	dumpfd = Open(ddname, O_RDWR);
275 	if (kernel)
276 		return;
277 
278 	lseek(kmem, (off_t)current_nl[X_VERSION].n_value, SEEK_SET);
279 	Read(kmem, vers, sizeof(vers));
280 	vers[sizeof(vers) - 1] = '\0';
281 	p = strchr(vers, '\n');
282 	if (p)
283 		p[1] = '\0';
284 
285 	/* Don't fclose(fp), we use kmem later. */
286 }
287 
288 static void
289 check_kmem(void)
290 {
291 	char core_vers[1024], *p;
292 
293 	DumpRead(dumpfd, core_vers, sizeof(core_vers),
294 	    (off_t)(dumplo + ok(dump_nl[X_VERSION].n_value)), L_SET);
295 	core_vers[sizeof(core_vers) - 1] = '\0';
296 	p = strchr(core_vers, '\n');
297 	if (p)
298 		p[1] = '\0';
299 	if (strcmp(vers, core_vers) && kernel == 0)
300 		syslog(LOG_WARNING,
301 		    "warning: %s version mismatch:\n\t\"%s\"\nand\t\"%s\"\n",
302 		    getbootfile(), vers, core_vers);
303 	DumpRead(dumpfd, &panicstr, sizeof(panicstr),
304 	    (off_t)(dumplo + ok(dump_nl[X_PANICSTR].n_value)), L_SET);
305 	if (panicstr) {
306 		DumpRead(dumpfd, panic_mesg, sizeof(panic_mesg),
307 		    (off_t)(dumplo + ok(panicstr)), L_SET);
308 	}
309 }
310 
311 /*
312  * Clear the magic number in the dump header.
313  */
314 static void
315 clear_dump(void)
316 {
317 	u_long newdumpmag;
318 
319 	newdumpmag = 0;
320 	DumpWrite(dumpfd, &newdumpmag, sizeof(newdumpmag),
321 	    (off_t)(dumplo + ok(dump_nl[X_DUMPMAG].n_value)), L_SET);
322 	close(dumpfd);
323 }
324 
325 /*
326  * Check if a dump exists by looking for a magic number in the dump
327  * header.
328  */
329 static int
330 dump_exists(void)
331 {
332 	u_long newdumpmag;
333 
334 	DumpRead(dumpfd, &newdumpmag, sizeof(newdumpmag),
335 	    (off_t)(dumplo + ok(dump_nl[X_DUMPMAG].n_value)), L_SET);
336 	if (newdumpmag != dumpmag) {
337 		if (verbose)
338 			syslog(LOG_WARNING, "magic number mismatch (%lx != %lx)",
339 			    newdumpmag, dumpmag);
340 		syslog(LOG_WARNING, "no core dump");
341 		return (0);
342 	}
343 	return (1);
344 }
345 
346 char buf[1024 * 1024];
347 #define BLOCKSIZE (1<<12)
348 #define BLOCKMASK (~(BLOCKSIZE-1))
349 
350 /*
351  * Save the core dump.
352  */
353 static void
354 save_core(void)
355 {
356 	FILE *fp;
357 	int bounds, ifd, nr, nw;
358 	int hs, he = 0;		/* start and end of hole */
359 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
360 	mode_t oumask;
361 
362 	/*
363 	 * Get the current number and update the bounds file.  Do the update
364 	 * now, because may fail later and don't want to overwrite anything.
365 	 */
366 	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/bounds", savedir);
367 	if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
368 		goto err1;
369 	if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL) {
370 		if (ferror(fp))
371 err1:			syslog(LOG_WARNING, "%s: %m", path);
372 		bounds = 0;
373 	} else
374 		bounds = atoi(buf);
375 	if (fp != NULL)
376 		fclose(fp);
377 	if ((fp = fopen(path, "w")) == NULL)
378 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", path);
379 	else {
380 		fprintf(fp, "%d\n", bounds + 1);
381 		fclose(fp);
382 	}
383 
384 	/* Create the core file. */
385 	oumask = umask(S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO); /* Restrict access to the core file.*/
386 	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/vmcore.%d%s",
387 	    savedir, bounds, compress ? ".gz" : "");
388 	if (compress)
389 		fp = zopen(path, "w");
390 	else
391 		fp = fopen(path, "w");
392 	if (fp == NULL) {
393 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", path);
394 		exit(1);
395 	}
396 	umask(oumask);
397 
398 	/* Seek to the start of the core. */
399 	Lseek(dumpfd, (off_t)dumplo, L_SET);
400 
401 	/* Copy the core file. */
402 	syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "writing %score to %s",
403 	    compress ? "compressed " : "", path);
404 	for (; dumpsize > 0; dumpsize -= nr) {
405 		printf("%6ldK\r", (long)(dumpsize / 1024));
406 		fflush(stdout);
407 		nr = read(dumpfd, buf, MIN(dumpsize, sizeof(buf)));
408 		if (nr <= 0) {
409 			if (nr == 0)
410 				syslog(LOG_WARNING,
411 				    "WARNING: EOF on dump device");
412 			else
413 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", ddname);
414 			goto err2;
415 		}
416 		for (nw = 0; nw < nr; nw = he) {
417 			/* find a contiguous block of zeroes */
418 			for (hs = nw; hs < nr; hs += BLOCKSIZE) {
419 				for (he = hs; he < nr && buf[he] == 0; ++he)
420 					/* nothing */ ;
421 
422 				/* is the hole long enough to matter? */
423 				if (he >= hs + BLOCKSIZE)
424 					break;
425 			}
426 
427 			/* back down to a block boundary */
428 			he &= BLOCKMASK;
429 
430 			/*
431 			 * 1) Don't go beyond the end of the buffer.
432 			 * 2) If the end of the buffer is less than
433 			 *    BLOCKSIZE bytes away, we're at the end
434 			 *    of the file, so just grab what's left.
435 			 */
436 			if (hs + BLOCKSIZE > nr)
437 				hs = he = nr;
438 
439 			/*
440 			 * At this point, we have a partial ordering:
441 			 *     nw <= hs <= he <= nr
442 			 * If hs > nw, buf[nw..hs] contains non-zero data.
443 			 * If he > hs, buf[hs..he] is all zeroes.
444 			 */
445 			if (hs > nw)
446 				if (fwrite(buf + nw, hs - nw, 1, fp) != 1)
447 					break;
448 			if (he > hs)
449 				if (fseeko(fp, he - hs, SEEK_CUR) == -1)
450 					break;
451 		}
452 		if (nw != nr) {
453 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", path);
454 err2:			syslog(LOG_WARNING,
455 			    "WARNING: vmcore may be incomplete");
456 			printf("\n");
457 			exit(1);
458 		}
459 	}
460 
461 	fclose(fp);
462 
463 	/* Copy the kernel. */
464 	ifd = Open(kernel ? kernel : getbootfile(), O_RDONLY);
465 	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/kernel.%d%s",
466 	    savedir, bounds, compress ? ".gz" : "");
467 	if (compress)
468 		fp = zopen(path, "w");
469 	else
470 		fp = fopen(path, "w");
471 	if (fp == NULL) {
472 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", path);
473 		exit(1);
474 	}
475 	syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "writing %skernel to %s",
476 	    compress ? "compressed " : "", path);
477 	while ((nr = read(ifd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
478 		nw = fwrite(buf, 1, nr, fp);
479 		if (nw != nr) {
480 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", path);
481 			syslog(LOG_WARNING,
482 			    "WARNING: kernel may be incomplete");
483 			exit(1);
484 		}
485 	}
486 	if (nr < 0) {
487 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", kernel ? kernel : getbootfile());
488 		syslog(LOG_WARNING,
489 		    "WARNING: kernel may be incomplete");
490 		exit(1);
491 	}
492 	fclose(fp);
493 	close(ifd);
494 }
495 
496 /*
497  * Verify that the specified device node exists and matches the
498  * specified device.
499  */
500 static int
501 verify_dev(char *name, dev_t dev)
502 {
503 	struct stat sb;
504 
505 	if (lstat(name, &sb) == -1)
506 		return (-1);
507 	if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_rdev != dev)
508 		return (-1);
509 	return (0);
510 }
511 
512 /*
513  * Find the dump device.
514  *
515  *  1) try devname(3); see if it returns something sensible
516  *  2) scan /dev for the desired node
517  *  3) as a last resort, try to create the node we need
518  */
519 static void
520 find_dev(dev_t dev)
521 {
522 	struct dirent *ent;
523 	char *dn, *dnp;
524 	DIR *d;
525 
526 	strcpy(ddname, _PATH_DEV);
527 	dnp = ddname + sizeof _PATH_DEV - 1;
528 	if ((dn = devname(dev, S_IFCHR)) != NULL) {
529 		strcpy(dnp, dn);
530 		if (verify_dev(ddname, dev) == 0)
531 			return;
532 	}
533 	if ((d = opendir(_PATH_DEV)) != NULL) {
534 		while ((ent = readdir(d))) {
535 			strcpy(dnp, ent->d_name);
536 			if (verify_dev(ddname, dev) == 0) {
537 				closedir(d);
538 				return;
539 			}
540 		}
541 		closedir(d);
542 	}
543 	strcpy(dnp, "dump");
544 	if (mknod(ddname, S_IFCHR|S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR, dev) == 0)
545 		return;
546 	syslog(LOG_ERR, "can't find device %d/%#x", major(dev), minor(dev));
547 	exit(1);
548 }
549 
550 /*
551  * Extract the date and time of the crash from the dump header, and
552  * make sure it looks sane (within one week of current date and time).
553  */
554 static int
555 get_crashtime(void)
556 {
557 	time_t dumptime;			/* Time the dump was taken. */
558 
559 	DumpRead(dumpfd, &dumptime, sizeof(dumptime),
560 	    (off_t)(dumplo + ok(dump_nl[X_TIME].n_value)), L_SET);
561 	if (dumptime == 0) {
562 		if (verbose)
563 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "dump time is zero");
564 		return (0);
565 	}
566 	printf("savecore: system went down at %s", ctime(&dumptime));
567 #define	LEEWAY	(7 * 86400)
568 	if (dumptime < now - LEEWAY || dumptime > now + LEEWAY) {
569 		printf("dump time is unreasonable\n");
570 		return (0);
571 	}
572 	return (1);
573 }
574 
575 /*
576  * Extract the size of the dump from the dump header.
577  */
578 static void
579 get_dumpsize(void)
580 {
581 	int kdumpsize;	/* Number of pages in dump. */
582 
583 	/* Read the dump size. */
584 	DumpRead(dumpfd, &kdumpsize, sizeof(kdumpsize),
585 	    (off_t)(dumplo + ok(dump_nl[X_DUMPSIZE].n_value)), L_SET);
586 	dumpsize = (off_t)kdumpsize * getpagesize();
587 }
588 
589 /*
590  * Check that sufficient space is available on the disk that holds the
591  * save directory.
592  */
593 static int
594 check_space(void)
595 {
596 	FILE *fp;
597 	const char *tkernel;
598 	off_t minfree, spacefree, totfree, kernelsize, needed;
599 	struct stat st;
600 	struct statfs fsbuf;
601 	char mybuf[100], path[MAXPATHLEN];
602 
603 	tkernel = kernel ? kernel : getbootfile();
604 	if (stat(tkernel, &st) < 0) {
605 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", tkernel);
606 		exit(1);
607 	}
608 	kernelsize = st.st_blocks * S_BLKSIZE;
609 
610 	if (statfs(savedir, &fsbuf) < 0) {
611 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", savedir);
612 		exit(1);
613 	}
614  	spacefree = ((off_t) fsbuf.f_bavail * fsbuf.f_bsize) / 1024;
615 	totfree = ((off_t) fsbuf.f_bfree * fsbuf.f_bsize) / 1024;
616 
617 	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/minfree", savedir);
618 	if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
619 		minfree = 0;
620 	else {
621 		if (fgets(mybuf, sizeof(mybuf), fp) == NULL)
622 			minfree = 0;
623 		else
624 			minfree = atoi(mybuf);
625 		fclose(fp);
626 	}
627 
628 	needed = (dumpsize + kernelsize) / 1024;
629  	if (((minfree > 0) ? spacefree : totfree) - needed < minfree) {
630 		syslog(LOG_WARNING,
631 	"no dump, not enough free space on device (%lld available, need %lld)",
632 		    (long long)(minfree > 0 ? spacefree : totfree),
633 		    (long long)needed);
634 		return (0);
635 	}
636 	if (spacefree - needed < 0)
637 		syslog(LOG_WARNING,
638 		    "dump performed, but free space threshold crossed");
639 	return (1);
640 }
641 
642 static int
643 Open(const char *name, int rw)
644 {
645 	int fd;
646 
647 	if ((fd = open(name, rw, 0)) < 0) {
648 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", name);
649 		exit(1);
650 	}
651 	return (fd);
652 }
653 
654 static int
655 Read(int fd, void *bp, int size)
656 {
657 	int nr;
658 
659 	nr = read(fd, bp, size);
660 	if (nr != size) {
661 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "read: %m");
662 		exit(1);
663 	}
664 	return (nr);
665 }
666 
667 static void
668 Lseek(int fd, off_t off, int flag)
669 {
670 	off_t ret;
671 
672 	ret = lseek(fd, off, flag);
673 	if (ret == -1) {
674 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "lseek: %m");
675 		exit(1);
676 	}
677 }
678 
679 /*
680  * DumpWrite and DumpRead block io requests to the * dump device.
681  */
682 #define DUMPBUFSIZE	8192
683 static void
684 DumpWrite(int fd, void *bp, int size, off_t off, int flag)
685 {
686 	unsigned char mybuf[DUMPBUFSIZE], *p, *q;
687 	off_t pos;
688 	int i, j;
689 
690 	if (flag != L_SET) {
691 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "lseek: not LSET");
692 		exit(2);
693 	}
694 	q = bp;
695 	while (size) {
696 		pos = off & ~(DUMPBUFSIZE - 1);
697 		Lseek(fd, pos, flag);
698 		Read(fd, mybuf, sizeof(mybuf));
699 		j = off & (DUMPBUFSIZE - 1);
700 		p = mybuf + j;
701 		i = size;
702 		if (i > DUMPBUFSIZE - j)
703 			i = DUMPBUFSIZE - j;
704 		memcpy(p, q, i);
705 		Lseek(fd, pos, flag);
706 		Write(fd, mybuf, sizeof(mybuf));
707 		size -= i;
708 		q += i;
709 		off += i;
710 	}
711 }
712 
713 static void
714 DumpRead(int fd, void *bp, int size, off_t off, int flag)
715 {
716 	unsigned char mybuf[DUMPBUFSIZE], *p, *q;
717 	off_t pos;
718 	int i, j;
719 
720 	if (flag != L_SET) {
721 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "lseek: not LSET");
722 		exit(2);
723 	}
724 	q = bp;
725 	while (size) {
726 		pos = off & ~(DUMPBUFSIZE - 1);
727 		Lseek(fd, pos, flag);
728 		Read(fd, mybuf, sizeof(mybuf));
729 		j = off & (DUMPBUFSIZE - 1);
730 		p = mybuf + j;
731 		i = size;
732 		if (i > DUMPBUFSIZE - j)
733 			i = DUMPBUFSIZE - j;
734 		memcpy(q, p, i);
735 		size -= i;
736 		q += i;
737 		off += i;
738 	}
739 }
740 
741 static void
742 Write(int fd, void *bp, int size)
743 {
744 	int n;
745 
746 	if ((n = write(fd, bp, size)) < size) {
747 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "write: %m");
748 		exit(1);
749 	}
750 }
751 
752 static void
753 usage(void)
754 {
755 	syslog(LOG_ERR, "usage: savecore [-cfkvz] [-N system] directory");
756 	exit(1);
757 }
758