1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | v | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 macOS | | | 407 | | 10.15.1 | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | v | | | | 409 | | | | | 410FreeBSD 13 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 411 | | | | | 412 v v v v v 413 414Time 415---------------- 416 417Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 418was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 419 420[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 421 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 422 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 423[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 424[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 425[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 426[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 427[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 428[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 429 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 430[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 431 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 432[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 433 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 434 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 435[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 436[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 437[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 438[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 439[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/. 440[USE] Usenet announcement. 441[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 442[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 443 444Multics 1965 445UNIX Summer 1969 446 DEC PDP-7 447First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 448 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 449Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 450 10 UNIX installations 451Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 452 Pipes, 16 installations 453Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 454 rewriting in C effected, 455 above 30 installations 456Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 457 above 50 installations 458Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 459 port to DEC Vax 460Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 461 first portable UNIX 462Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 463 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 464 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 465 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 466 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 467 and networking part by the streams mechanism 468 469Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 470Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 471 4721BSD late 1977 473 1978-03-09 [QCU] 474 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 475 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 476 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 4772BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 478 75 2BSD tapes shipped 4792.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 4802.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 481 4822.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 483 set of performance improvements 4842.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 4852.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 4862.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 4872.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 4882.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 4892.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 4902.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 491 49232V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 4933BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 494 virtual memory, page replacement, 495 demand paging 4964.0BSD 1980-10-xx 4974.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 4984.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 499 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5004.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5014.1cBSD late 1982 502 beta release, IPC [44B] 5034.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 504 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5054.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 506 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5074.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5084.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 509 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5104.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5114.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 512 513BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 514 first code released to people outside BSDI 515386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 516BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 517BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 518386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5194.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 520BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 521 first external gamma; G customers 522BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 523 would have been 1.0 except for request 524 for preliminary injunction 525BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 526 injunction denied; first official release 527NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 5284.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 529NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 530FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 531FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 532 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 533BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 5344.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 535FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 536FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 537FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 538 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 539NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 540386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 541FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 542BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 543FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 544BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 5454.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 546 the true final distribution from the CSRG 547FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 548NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 549BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 550FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 551NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 552OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 553FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 554FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 555Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 556FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 557BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 558FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 559FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 560FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 561NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 562OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 563FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 564OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 565NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 566FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 567NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 568BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 569OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 570NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 571FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 572BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 573 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 574FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 575 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 576 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 577 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 578FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 579OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 580NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 581FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 582BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 583NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 584FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 585OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 586NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 587FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 588OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 589FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 590BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 591FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 592NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 593OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 594FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 595FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 596FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 597FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 598FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 599NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 600BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 601OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 602NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 603Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 604FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 605OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 606NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 607NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 608FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 609Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 610OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 611FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 612BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 613OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 614FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 615NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 616FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 617Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 618NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 619FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 620OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 621FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 622 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 623 -current, similar to 3.0. 624FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 625NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 626OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 627BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 628FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 629Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 630FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 631BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 632OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 633FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 634FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 635NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 636OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 637FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 638DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 639OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 640FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 641NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 642FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 643DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 644NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 645Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 646FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 647OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 648NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 649OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 650FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 651NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 652NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 653DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 654FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 655OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 656FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 657FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 658NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 659DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 660OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 661NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 662NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 663FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 664DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 665OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 666DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 667Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 668OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 669NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 670FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 671DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 672FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 673OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 674DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 675OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 676FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 677FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 678DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 679NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 680OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 681FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 682Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 683NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 684DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 685OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 686FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 687NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 688FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 689DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 690OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 691FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 692DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 693OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 694NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 695FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 696FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 697DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 698OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 699Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 700OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 701FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 702NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 703DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 704FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 705OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 706Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 707NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 708OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 709DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 710NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 711NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 712FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 713DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 714OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 715NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 716NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 717FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 718NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 719NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 720NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 721FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 722NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 723NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 724Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 725OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 726DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 727FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 728NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 729NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 730NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 731NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 732DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 733DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 734NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 735NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 736OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 737DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 738DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 739DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 740FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 741DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 742NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 743NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 744Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 745OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 746FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 747DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 748DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 749DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 750DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 751DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 752OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 753DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 754FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 755NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 756OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 757OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 758DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 759OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 760FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 761NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 762DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 763OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 764macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 765FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 766NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 767NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 768DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 769OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 770FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 771macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 772FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 773OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 774DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 775DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 776DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 777NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 778NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 779OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 780DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 781DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 782DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 783FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 784NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 785NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 786macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 787OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 788DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 789FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 790DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 791OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 792NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 793DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 794DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 795FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 796DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 797OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 798macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 799macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 800FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 801 802Bibliography 803------------------------ 804 805Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 806Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 807System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 808 809Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 810Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 811 812McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 813Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 814System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 815 816McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 817Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 818Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 819 820McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 821Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 822Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 823 824Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 825 826Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 827Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 828Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 829 830Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 831URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 832 833Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 834Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 835 836BSD Release Announcements collection. 837URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 838 839BSD Hypertext Man Pages 840URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 841 842UNIX history graphing project 843URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 844 845UNIX history 846URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 847 848James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 849URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 850("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 851 852 853Acknowledgments 854--------------- 855 856Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 857original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 858 859Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 860 861-- 862Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 863URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 864 865$FreeBSD$ 866