1# <pre> 2# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 3# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 4 5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 8 9# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 10# 11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 14# 15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 19# of the IATA's data after 1990. 20# 21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 23# 24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 26# I found in the UCLA library. 27# 28# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 29# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 30# 31# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 32# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 33# but Mark R V Murray reports that 34# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 35# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 36# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 37# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 38# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 39# 40# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 41# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 42# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 43# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 44# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 45# 46# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 47# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 48# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 49# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 50# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 51# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 52# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 53# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 54# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 55# until we get more information. 56# 57# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 58# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 59# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 60# 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 61# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 62# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 63# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 64# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 65 66# Algeria 67# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 68Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 69Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 70Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 71Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 72Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 74Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 75Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 76Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 77Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 78Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 79Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 80Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 81Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 82Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 83Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 84Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 85Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 86Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 87Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 88Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 89Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 90# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 91# more precise 0:09:21. 92# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 93Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 94 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 95 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 96 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 97 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 98 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 99 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 100 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 101 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 102 1:00 - CET 103 104# Angola 105# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 106Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 107 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 108 1:00 - WAT 109 110# Benin 111# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 112# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 113# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 114Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 115 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 116 1:00 - WAT 117 118# Botswana 119# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 120Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 121 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 122 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 123 2:00 - CAT 124 125# Burkina Faso 126# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 127Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 128 0:00 - GMT 129 130# Burundi 131# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 132Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 133 2:00 - CAT 134 135# Cameroon 136# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 137# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 138Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 139 1:00 - WAT 140 141# Cape Verde 142# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 143Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 144 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 145 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 146 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 147 -1:00 - CVT 148 149# Central African Republic 150# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 151Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 152 1:00 - WAT 153 154# Chad 155# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 156Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 157 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 158 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 159 1:00 - WAT 160 161# Comoros 162# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 163Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 164 3:00 - EAT 165 166# Democratic Republic of Congo 167# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 168Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 169 1:00 - WAT 170Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 171 2:00 - CAT 172 173# Republic of the Congo 174# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 175Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 176 1:00 - WAT 177 178# Cote D'Ivoire 179# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 180Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 181 0:00 - GMT 182 183# Djibouti 184# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 185Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 186 3:00 - EAT 187 188############################################################################### 189 190# Egypt 191 192# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 193Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 194Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 195Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 196Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 197Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 198Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 199Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 200Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 201Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 202Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 203Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 204Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 205Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 206Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 207Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 208Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 209Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 210Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 211Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 212# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 213# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 214 215# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 216# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 217# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 218# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 219# 220# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 221# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168"> 222# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 223# </a> 224# or 225# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html"> 226# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 227# </a> 228Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 229Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 230# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 231# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 232# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 233# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 234# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 235Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 236# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 237# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 238# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 239# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 240# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 241# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 242# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 243# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 244Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 - 245# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 246# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 247# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 248# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 249# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 250# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 251# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 252# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 253# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 254 255# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 256# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 257# 258# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 259# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 260# Apr 23 261# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 262# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 263# Apr 24 264# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 265# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 266# Aug 27 267# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 268# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 269# Aug 27 270# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 271# 272# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 273# :59) 274# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 275# 276# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 277# 278# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 279# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 280# </a> 281# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 282# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 283# </a> 284# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 285# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 286# </a> 287 288# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 289# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 290# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 291# in September. 292 293# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 294# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 295# Information and Decision Support Center: 296# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html"> 297# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 298# </a> 299# 300# The Middle East News Agency 301# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx"> 302# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 303# </a> 304# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 305# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 306# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 307# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 308# (at least today). 309 310# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 311# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 312# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 313# Ramadan. 314# 315# Arabic translation: 316# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again" 317# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again"> 318# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 319# </a> 320# or 321# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html"> 322# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 323# </a> 324 325Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 - 326Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 - 327Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 328Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S 329Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 330 331# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 332Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 333 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 334 335# Equatorial Guinea 336# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 337Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 338 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 339 1:00 - WAT 340 341# Eritrea 342# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 343Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 344 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 345 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 346 3:00 - EAT 347 348# Ethiopia 349# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 350# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 351# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 352# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 353# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 354Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 355 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 356 3:00 - EAT 357 358# Gabon 359# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 360Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 361 1:00 - WAT 362 363# Gambia 364# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 365Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 366 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 367 -1:00 - WAT 1964 368 0:00 - GMT 369 370# Ghana 371# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 372# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 373# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 374Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 375Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 376# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 377Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 378 0:00 Ghana %s 379 380# Guinea 381# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 382Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 383 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 384 -1:00 - WAT 1960 385 0:00 - GMT 386 387# Guinea-Bissau 388# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 389Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 390 -1:00 - WAT 1975 391 0:00 - GMT 392 393# Kenya 394# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 395Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 396 3:00 - EAT 1930 397 2:30 - BEAT 1940 398 2:45 - BEAUT 1960 399 3:00 - EAT 400 401# Lesotho 402# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 403Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 404 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 405 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 406 2:00 - SAST 407 408# Liberia 409# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 410# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 411# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 412# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 413# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 414# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 415# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 416# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 417# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 418Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 419 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 420 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 421 0:00 - GMT 422 423############################################################################### 424 425# Libya 426 427# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 428Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 429Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 430Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 431Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 432Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 433Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 434Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 435Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 436Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 437Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 438Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 439Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 440Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 441# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 442Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 443 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 444 2:00 - EET 1982 445 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 446# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 447# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 448 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 449 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 450 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 451 2:00 - EET 452 453# Madagascar 454# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 455Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 456 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 457 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 458 3:00 - EAT 459 460# Malawi 461# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 462Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 463 2:00 - CAT 464 465# Mali 466# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 467Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 468 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 469 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 470 0:00 - GMT 471 472# Mauritania 473# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 474Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 475 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 476 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 477 0:00 - GMT 478 479# Mauritius 480 481# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 482# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 483# basis.... 484# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 485# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 486# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 487 488# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 489# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 490 491# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 492# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 493# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 494# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 495 496# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 497# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 498 499# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 500# According to 501# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 502# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 503# </a> 504# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 505# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 506# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 507# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 508# 509# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 510# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 511# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 512# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 513# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 514# changes two days later. 515 516# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 517# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 518# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 519# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 520# 521# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 522# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 523# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 524# ... 525# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 526# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 527# </a> 528 529# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 530# The Government of Mauritius weblink 531# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 532# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 533# </a> 534# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 535# 536# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 537# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 538# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 539# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 540# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 541# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 542# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 543# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 544# and end on 29 March 2009. 545 546# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 547# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 548# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 549# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 550# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 551# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 552# </a> 553 554# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 555# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 556# DST the coming summer... 557# 558# Some sources, in French: 559# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB"> 560# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 561# </a> 562# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-"> 563# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 564# </a> 565# 566# Our wrap-up: 567# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html"> 568# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 569# </a> 570 571# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 572# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 573# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 574# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 575 576# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 577Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 578Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 579Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 580Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 581# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 582Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 583 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 584# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 585# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 586 587# Mayotte 588# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 589Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 590 3:00 - EAT 591 592# Morocco 593# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 594 595# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 596# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 597# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 598# 599# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 600# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 601# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 602# 603# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 604# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 605# </a> 606# OR 607# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 608# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 609# </a> 610 611# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 612# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 613# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 614# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 615# </a> 616# 617# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 618# spokesman. 619 620# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 621# According to this article: 622# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 623# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 624# </a> 625# (and republished here: 626# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 627# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 628# </a> 629# ) 630# the changes occurs at midnight: 631# 632# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 633# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 634# sunday night the 28th at midnight 635# 636# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 637# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 638# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 639# june1st to sept 27th. 640# 641# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 642# published on the web. 643# 644# It's also confirmed here: 645# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 646# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 647# </a> 648# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 649# posted in english). 650# 651# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 652# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 653# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 654# </a> 655 656# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 657# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow 658# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of 659# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named 660# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)? 661 662# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09): 663# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now. 664 665# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 666# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 667# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 668# of September: 669# 670# One article about it (in French): 671# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 672# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 673# </a> 674# 675# We have some further details posted here: 676# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 677# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 678# </a> 679 680# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 681# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 682# to many sources, such as 683# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 684# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 685# </a> 686# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 687# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 688# </a> 689# (French) 690# 691# Our summary: 692# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 693# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 694# </a> 695 696# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 697# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 698# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 699# 700# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 701# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 702# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 703# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 704# 705# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 706# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 707# </a> 708# 709# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 710# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 711# </a> 712 713# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 714# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 715# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 716# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 717# 718# Example: 719# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html"> 720# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 721# </a> 722# (French) 723# Our page: 724# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html"> 725# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 726# </a> 727 728# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 729# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 730# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00 731# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00 732# ...Official links of change in morocco 733# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 734# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 735# +212.537.71.84.00 736# <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/"> 737# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 738# </a> 739# They said that 740# <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view"> 741# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 742# </a> 743# is the official publication to look at. 744# They said that the decision was already taken. 745# 746# More articles in the press 747# <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev"> 748# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev 749# </a> 750# e.html 751# <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923"> 752# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 753# </a> 754# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim"> 755# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 756# anche-prochain-5538.html 757# </a> 758 759# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 760# They have it written in English here: 761# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view"> 762# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 763# </a> 764# 765# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 766# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 767# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 768# also been like that in the past. 769 770# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 771# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 772# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: 773# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été 774# <a href="http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9"> 775# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 776# </a> 777# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 778# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 779# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 780# except the month of Ramadan. 781# or (brief) 782# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html"> 783# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 784# </a> 785 786# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 787# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 788# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 789# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 790# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 791# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 792 793# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 794# Seen Morocco change again: 795# <a href="http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php"> 796# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 797# </a> 798# "...à partir du dernier dimance d'avril et non fins mars, 799# comme annoncé précédemment." 800 801# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 802# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 803# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288"> 804# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 805# </a> 806# 807# Google translation, lightly edited: 808# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 809# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 810# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 811# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 812# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 813# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 814# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 815# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 816# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 817 818# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 819 820Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 821Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 822Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 823Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 824Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 825Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 826Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 827Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 828Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 829Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 830Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 831Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 832Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 833Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 834Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 835Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 836Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 837Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 838Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 839Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 840Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 841Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 842Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - 843Rule Morocco 2012 max - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 844Rule Morocco 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - 845Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 846Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S 847 848# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 849Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 850 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 851 1:00 - CET 1986 852 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 853# Western Sahara 854Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 855 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 856 0:00 - WET 857 858# Mozambique 859# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 860Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 861 2:00 - CAT 862 863# Namibia 864# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 865# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 866 867# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 868# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 869# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 870# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 871# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 872# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 873# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 874# of the country. 875# 876# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 877# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 878# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 879 880# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 881Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 882Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 883# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 884Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 885 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 886 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 887 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 888 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 889 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 890 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 891 892# Niger 893# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 894Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 895 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 896 0:00 - GMT 1960 897 1:00 - WAT 898 899# Nigeria 900# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 901Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 902 1:00 - WAT 903 904# Reunion 905# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 906Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 907 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 908# 909# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 910# The following information about them is taken from 911# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 912# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 913# We have no info about their time zone histories. 914# 915# Bassas da India - uninhabited 916# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 917# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 918# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 919# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 920 921# Rwanda 922# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 923Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 924 2:00 - CAT 925 926# St Helena 927# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 928Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 929 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 930 0:00 - GMT 931# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 932# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 933# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 934# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 935# on GMT, says the CIA 936# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 937 938# Sao Tome and Principe 939# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 940Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 941 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 942 0:00 - GMT 943 944# Senegal 945# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 946Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 947 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 948 0:00 - GMT 949 950# Seychelles 951# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 952Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 953 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 954# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 955# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 956# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 957# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 958# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 959# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 960 961# Sierra Leone 962# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 963# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 964Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 965Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 966Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 967Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 968# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 969Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 970 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 971 -1:00 SL %s 1957 972 0:00 SL %s 973 974# Somalia 975# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 976Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 977 3:00 - EAT 1931 978 2:30 - BEAT 1957 979 3:00 - EAT 980 981# South Africa 982# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 983Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 984Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 985# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 986Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 987 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 988 2:00 SA SAST 989# Marion and Prince Edward Is 990# scientific station since 1947 991# no information 992 993# Sudan 994# 995# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 996# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 997# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 998# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 999# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1000# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1001# 1002# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1003Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1004Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1005Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1006Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1007# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1008Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1009 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1010 3:00 - EAT 1011 1012# South Sudan 1013Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:24 - LMT 1931 1014 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1015 3:00 - EAT 1016 1017# Swaziland 1018# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1019Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 1020 2:00 - SAST 1021 1022# Tanzania 1023# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1024Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 1025 3:00 - EAT 1948 1026 2:45 - BEAUT 1961 1027 3:00 - EAT 1028 1029# Togo 1030# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1031Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 1032 0:00 - GMT 1033 1034# Tunisia 1035 1036# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1037# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1038# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1039# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1040# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1041# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1042# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1043# Saturday." (My translation) 1044# 1045# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1046# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1047# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 1048# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1049# 1h standard time. 1050# 1051# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1052# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1053# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1054# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1055# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1056 1057# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1058# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1059# (Arabic) 1060# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 1061# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1062# </a> 1063# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 1064# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1065# </a> 1066# 1067# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1068# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1069# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 1070# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1071# </a> 1072 1073# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1074# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1075# 1076# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1077# 1078# (in English) 1079# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 1080# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1081# </a> 1082# 1083# (in Arabic) 1084# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 1085# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1086# </a> 1087 1088# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 1089# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 1090# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 1091# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 1092# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1093 1094# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1095# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1096# 1097# (translation): 1098# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1099# Sunday... 1100# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1101# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1102# 1103# (in Arabic) 1104# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1"> 1105# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1106# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036"> 1107# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1108# or 1109# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html"> 1110# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1111 1112# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1113Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1114Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1115Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1116Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1117Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1118Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1119Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1120Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1121Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1122Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1123Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1124Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1125Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1126Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1127Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1128Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1129Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1130Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1131Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1132Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1133Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1134Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1135Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1136Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1137Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1138 1139# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1140# more precise 0:09:21. 1141# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 1142# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1143Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1144 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1145 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1146 1147# Uganda 1148# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1149Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 1150 3:00 - EAT 1930 1151 2:30 - BEAT 1948 1152 2:45 - BEAUT 1957 1153 3:00 - EAT 1154 1155# Zambia 1156# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1157Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 1158 2:00 - CAT 1159 1160# Zimbabwe 1161# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1162Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 1163 2:00 - CAT 1164