xref: /dragonfly/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision 333227be)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, David Greenman
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/kern_exec.c,v 1.107.2.15 2002/07/30 15:40:46 nectar Exp $
27  * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/kern_exec.c,v 1.29 2004/11/12 00:09:23 dillon Exp $
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/param.h>
31 #include <sys/systm.h>
32 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
33 #include <sys/kernel.h>
34 #include <sys/mount.h>
35 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
36 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
37 #include <sys/acct.h>
38 #include <sys/exec.h>
39 #include <sys/imgact.h>
40 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
41 #include <sys/kern_syscall.h>
42 #include <sys/wait.h>
43 #include <sys/malloc.h>
44 #include <sys/proc.h>
45 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
46 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
47 #include <sys/nlookup.h>
48 #include <sys/sfbuf.h>
49 #include <sys/sysent.h>
50 #include <sys/shm.h>
51 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
52 #include <sys/vnode.h>
53 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
54 #include <sys/aio.h>
55 
56 #include <vm/vm.h>
57 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
58 #include <sys/lock.h>
59 #include <vm/pmap.h>
60 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
61 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
62 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
63 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
64 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
65 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
66 
67 #include <sys/user.h>
68 #include <machine/reg.h>
69 
70 #include <sys/thread2.h>
71 
72 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PARGS, "proc-args", "Process arguments");
73 
74 static register_t *exec_copyout_strings (struct image_params *);
75 
76 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
77 static u_long ps_strings = PS_STRINGS;
78 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, KERN_PS_STRINGS, ps_strings, CTLFLAG_RD, &ps_strings, 0, "");
79 
80 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
81 static u_long usrstack = USRSTACK;
82 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, KERN_USRSTACK, usrstack, CTLFLAG_RD, &usrstack, 0, "");
83 
84 u_long ps_arg_cache_limit = PAGE_SIZE / 16;
85 SYSCTL_LONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_arg_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
86     &ps_arg_cache_limit, 0, "");
87 
88 int ps_argsopen = 1;
89 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_argsopen, CTLFLAG_RW, &ps_argsopen, 0, "");
90 
91 void print_execve_args(struct image_args *args);
92 int debug_execve_args = 0;
93 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, debug_execve_args, CTLFLAG_RW, &debug_execve_args,
94     0, "");
95 
96 void
97 print_execve_args(struct image_args *args)
98 {
99 	char *cp;
100 	int ndx;
101 
102 	cp = args->begin_argv;
103 	for (ndx = 0; ndx < args->argc; ndx++) {
104 		printf("\targv[%d]: %s\n", ndx, cp);
105 		while (*cp++ != '\0');
106 	}
107 	for (ndx = 0; ndx < args->envc; ndx++) {
108 		printf("\tenvv[%d]: %s\n", ndx, cp);
109 		while (*cp++ != '\0');
110 	}
111 }
112 
113 /*
114  * Each of the items is a pointer to a `const struct execsw', hence the
115  * double pointer here.
116  */
117 static const struct execsw **execsw;
118 
119 int
120 kern_execve(struct nlookupdata *nd, struct image_args *args)
121 {
122 	struct thread *td = curthread;
123 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
124 	register_t *stack_base;
125 	int error, len, i;
126 	struct image_params image_params, *imgp;
127 	struct vattr attr;
128 	int (*img_first) (struct image_params *);
129 
130 	if (debug_execve_args) {
131 		printf("%s()\n", __func__);
132 		print_execve_args(args);
133 	}
134 
135 	KKASSERT(p);
136 	imgp = &image_params;
137 
138 	/*
139 	 * Lock the process and set the P_INEXEC flag to indicate that
140 	 * it should be left alone until we're done here.  This is
141 	 * necessary to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() -
142 	 * that might allow a local user to illicitly obtain elevated
143 	 * privileges.
144 	 */
145 	p->p_flag |= P_INEXEC;
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * Initialize part of the common data
149 	 */
150 	imgp->proc = p;
151 	imgp->args = args;
152 	imgp->attr = &attr;
153 	imgp->entry_addr = 0;
154 	imgp->resident = 0;
155 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 0;
156 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
157 	imgp->interpreter_name[0] = 0;
158 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
159 	imgp->vp = NULL;
160 	imgp->firstpage = NULL;
161 	imgp->ps_strings = 0;
162 	imgp->image_header = NULL;
163 
164 interpret:
165 
166 	/*
167 	 * Translate the file name to a vnode.  Unlock the cache entry to
168 	 * improve parallelism for programs exec'd in parallel.
169 	 */
170 	if ((error = nlookup(nd)) != 0)
171 		goto exec_fail;
172 	error = cache_vget(nd->nl_ncp, nd->nl_cred, LK_EXCLUSIVE, &imgp->vp);
173 	KKASSERT(nd->nl_flags & NLC_NCPISLOCKED);
174 	nd->nl_flags &= ~NLC_NCPISLOCKED;
175 	cache_unlock(nd->nl_ncp);
176 	if (error)
177 		goto exec_fail;
178 
179 	/*
180 	 * Check file permissions (also 'opens' file)
181 	 */
182 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
183 	if (error) {
184 		VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0, td);
185 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
186 	}
187 
188 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
189 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0, td);
190 	if (error)
191 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
192 
193 	if (debug_execve_args && imgp->interpreted) {
194 		printf("    target is interpreted -- recursive pass\n");
195 		printf("    interpreter: %s\n", imgp->interpreter_name);
196 		print_execve_args(args);
197 	}
198 
199 	/*
200 	 *	If the current process has a special image activator it
201 	 *	wants to try first, call it.   For example, emulating shell
202 	 *	scripts differently.
203 	 */
204 	error = -1;
205 	if ((img_first = imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_imgact_try) != NULL)
206 		error = img_first(imgp);
207 
208 	/*
209 	 *	If the vnode has a registered vmspace, exec the vmspace
210 	 */
211 	if (error == -1 && imgp->vp->v_resident) {
212 		error = exec_resident_imgact(imgp);
213 	}
214 
215 	/*
216 	 *	Loop through the list of image activators, calling each one.
217 	 *	An activator returns -1 if there is no match, 0 on success,
218 	 *	and an error otherwise.
219 	 */
220 	for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i]; ++i) {
221 		if (execsw[i]->ex_imgact == NULL ||
222 		    execsw[i]->ex_imgact == img_first) {
223 			continue;
224 		}
225 		error = (*execsw[i]->ex_imgact)(imgp);
226 	}
227 
228 	if (error) {
229 		if (error == -1)
230 			error = ENOEXEC;
231 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
232 	}
233 
234 	/*
235 	 * Special interpreter operation, cleanup and loop up to try to
236 	 * activate the interpreter.
237 	 */
238 	if (imgp->interpreted) {
239 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
240 		nlookup_done(nd);
241 		vrele(imgp->vp);
242 		imgp->vp = NULL;
243 		error = nlookup_init(nd, imgp->interpreter_name, UIO_SYSSPACE,
244 					NLC_FOLLOW);
245 		if (error)
246 			goto exec_fail;
247 		goto interpret;
248 	}
249 
250 	/*
251 	 * Copy out strings (args and env) and initialize stack base
252 	 */
253 	stack_base = exec_copyout_strings(imgp);
254 	p->p_vmspace->vm_minsaddr = (char *)stack_base;
255 
256 	/*
257 	 * If custom stack fixup routine present for this process
258 	 * let it do the stack setup.  If we are running a resident
259 	 * image there is no auxinfo or other image activator context
260 	 * so don't try to add fixups to the stack.
261 	 *
262 	 * Else stuff argument count as first item on stack
263 	 */
264 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_fixup && imgp->resident == 0)
265 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_fixup)(&stack_base, imgp);
266 	else
267 		suword(--stack_base, imgp->args->argc);
268 
269 	/*
270 	 * For security and other reasons, the file descriptor table cannot
271 	 * be shared after an exec.
272 	 */
273 	if (p->p_fd->fd_refcnt > 1) {
274 		struct filedesc *tmp;
275 
276 		tmp = fdcopy(p);
277 		fdfree(p);
278 		p->p_fd = tmp;
279 	}
280 
281 	/*
282 	 * For security and other reasons, signal handlers cannot
283 	 * be shared after an exec. The new proces gets a copy of the old
284 	 * handlers. In execsigs(), the new process will have its signals
285 	 * reset.
286 	 */
287 	if (p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt > 1) {
288 		struct procsig *newprocsig;
289 
290 		MALLOC(newprocsig, struct procsig *, sizeof(struct procsig),
291 		       M_SUBPROC, M_WAITOK);
292 		bcopy(p->p_procsig, newprocsig, sizeof(*newprocsig));
293 		p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt--;
294 		p->p_procsig = newprocsig;
295 		p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1;
296 		if (p->p_sigacts == &p->p_addr->u_sigacts)
297 			panic("shared procsig but private sigacts?");
298 
299 		p->p_addr->u_sigacts = *p->p_sigacts;
300 		p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts;
301 	}
302 
303 	/* Stop profiling */
304 	stopprofclock(p);
305 
306 	/* close files on exec */
307 	fdcloseexec(p);
308 
309 	/* reset caught signals */
310 	execsigs(p);
311 
312 	/* name this process - nameiexec(p, ndp) */
313 	len = min(nd->nl_ncp->nc_nlen, MAXCOMLEN);
314 	bcopy(nd->nl_ncp->nc_name, p->p_comm, len);
315 	p->p_comm[len] = 0;
316 
317 	/*
318 	 * mark as execed, wakeup the process that vforked (if any) and tell
319 	 * it that it now has its own resources back
320 	 */
321 	p->p_flag |= P_EXEC;
322 	if (p->p_pptr && (p->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)) {
323 		p->p_flag &= ~P_PPWAIT;
324 		wakeup((caddr_t)p->p_pptr);
325 	}
326 
327 	/*
328 	 * Implement image setuid/setgid.
329 	 *
330 	 * Don't honor setuid/setgid if the filesystem prohibits it or if
331 	 * the process is being traced.
332 	 */
333 	if ((((attr.va_mode & VSUID) && p->p_ucred->cr_uid != attr.va_uid) ||
334 	     ((attr.va_mode & VSGID) && p->p_ucred->cr_gid != attr.va_gid)) &&
335 	    (imgp->vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) == 0 &&
336 	    (p->p_flag & P_TRACED) == 0) {
337 		/*
338 		 * Turn off syscall tracing for set-id programs, except for
339 		 * root.  Record any set-id flags first to make sure that
340 		 * we do not regain any tracing during a possible block.
341 		 */
342 		setsugid();
343 		if (p->p_tracep && suser(td)) {
344 			struct vnode *vtmp;
345 
346 			if ((vtmp = p->p_tracep) != NULL) {
347 				p->p_tracep = NULL;
348 				p->p_traceflag = 0;
349 				vrele(vtmp);
350 			}
351 		}
352 		/* Close any file descriptors 0..2 that reference procfs */
353 		setugidsafety(p);
354 		/* Make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use. */
355 		error = fdcheckstd(p);
356 		if (error != 0)
357 			goto exec_fail_dealloc;
358 		/*
359 		 * Set the new credentials.
360 		 */
361 		cratom(&p->p_ucred);
362 		if (attr.va_mode & VSUID)
363 			change_euid(attr.va_uid);
364 		if (attr.va_mode & VSGID)
365 			p->p_ucred->cr_gid = attr.va_gid;
366 
367 		/*
368 		 * Clear local varsym variables
369 		 */
370 		varsymset_clean(&p->p_varsymset);
371 	} else {
372 		if (p->p_ucred->cr_uid == p->p_ucred->cr_ruid &&
373 		    p->p_ucred->cr_gid == p->p_ucred->cr_rgid)
374 			p->p_flag &= ~P_SUGID;
375 	}
376 
377 	/*
378 	 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
379 	 */
380 	if (p->p_ucred->cr_svuid != p->p_ucred->cr_uid ||
381 	    p->p_ucred->cr_svgid != p->p_ucred->cr_gid) {
382 		cratom(&p->p_ucred);
383 		p->p_ucred->cr_svuid = p->p_ucred->cr_uid;
384 		p->p_ucred->cr_svgid = p->p_ucred->cr_gid;
385 	}
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * Store the vp for use in procfs
389 	 */
390 	if (p->p_textvp)		/* release old reference */
391 		vrele(p->p_textvp);
392 	p->p_textvp = imgp->vp;
393 	vref(p->p_textvp);
394 
395         /*
396          * Notify others that we exec'd, and clear the P_INEXEC flag
397          * as we're now a bona fide freshly-execed process.
398          */
399 	KNOTE(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
400 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
401 
402 	/*
403 	 * If tracing the process, trap to debugger so breakpoints
404 	 * 	can be set before the program executes.
405 	 */
406 	STOPEVENT(p, S_EXEC, 0);
407 
408 	if (p->p_flag & P_TRACED)
409 		psignal(p, SIGTRAP);
410 
411 	/* clear "fork but no exec" flag, as we _are_ execing */
412 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
413 
414 	/* Set values passed into the program in registers. */
415 	setregs(p, imgp->entry_addr, (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base,
416 	    imgp->ps_strings);
417 
418 	/* Free any previous argument cache */
419 	if (p->p_args && --p->p_args->ar_ref == 0)
420 		FREE(p->p_args, M_PARGS);
421 	p->p_args = NULL;
422 
423 	/* Cache arguments if they fit inside our allowance */
424 	i = imgp->args->begin_envv - imgp->args->begin_argv;
425 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs)) {
426 		MALLOC(p->p_args, struct pargs *, sizeof(struct pargs) + i,
427 		    M_PARGS, M_WAITOK);
428 		p->p_args->ar_ref = 1;
429 		p->p_args->ar_length = i;
430 		bcopy(imgp->args->begin_argv, p->p_args->ar_args, i);
431 	}
432 
433 exec_fail_dealloc:
434 
435 	/*
436 	 * free various allocated resources
437 	 */
438 	if (imgp->firstpage)
439 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
440 
441 	if (imgp->vp) {
442 		vrele(imgp->vp);
443 		imgp->vp = NULL;
444 	}
445 
446 	if (error == 0) {
447 		++mycpu->gd_cnt.v_exec;
448 		return (0);
449 	}
450 
451 exec_fail:
452 	/* we're done here, clear P_INEXEC */
453 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
454 	if (imgp->vmspace_destroyed) {
455 		/* sorry, no more process anymore. exit gracefully */
456 		exit1(W_EXITCODE(0, SIGABRT));
457 		/* NOT REACHED */
458 		return(0);
459 	} else {
460 		return(error);
461 	}
462 }
463 
464 /*
465  * execve() system call.
466  */
467 int
468 execve(struct execve_args *uap)
469 {
470 	struct nlookupdata nd;
471 	struct image_args args;
472 	int error;
473 
474 	error = nlookup_init(&nd, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE, NLC_FOLLOW);
475 	if (error == 0) {
476 		error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, PATH_USERSPACE,
477 					uap->argv, uap->envv);
478 	}
479 	if (error == 0)
480 		error = kern_execve(&nd, &args);
481 	nlookup_done(&nd);
482 	exec_free_args(&args);
483 
484 	/*
485 	 * The syscall result is returned in registers to the new program.
486 	 * Linux will register %edx as an atexit function and we must be
487 	 * sure to set it to 0.  XXX
488 	 */
489 	if (error == 0)
490 		uap->sysmsg_result64 = 0;
491 
492 	return (error);
493 }
494 
495 int
496 exec_map_first_page(struct image_params *imgp)
497 {
498 	int rv, i;
499 	int initial_pagein;
500 	vm_page_t ma[VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN];
501 	vm_page_t m;
502 	vm_object_t object;
503 	int error;
504 
505 	if (imgp->firstpage)
506 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
507 
508 	/*
509 	 * XXX the callers should really use vn_open so we don't have to
510 	 * do this junk.
511 	 */
512 	if ((error = VOP_GETVOBJECT(imgp->vp, &object)) != 0) {
513 		if (vn_canvmio(imgp->vp) == TRUE) {
514 			error = vfs_object_create(imgp->vp, curthread);
515 			if (error == 0)
516 				error = VOP_GETVOBJECT(imgp->vp, &object);
517 		}
518 	}
519 	if (error)
520 		return (EIO);
521 
522 	/*
523 	 * We shouldn't need protection for vm_page_grab() but we certainly
524 	 * need it for the lookup loop below (lookup/busy race), since
525 	 * an interrupt can unbusy and free the page before our busy check.
526 	 */
527 	crit_enter();
528 	m = vm_page_grab(object, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
529 
530 	if ((m->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
531 		ma[0] = m;
532 		initial_pagein = VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN;
533 		if (initial_pagein > object->size)
534 			initial_pagein = object->size;
535 		for (i = 1; i < initial_pagein; i++) {
536 			if ((m = vm_page_lookup(object, i)) != NULL) {
537 				if ((m->flags & PG_BUSY) || m->busy)
538 					break;
539 				if (m->valid)
540 					break;
541 				vm_page_busy(m);
542 			} else {
543 				m = vm_page_alloc(object, i, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL);
544 				if (m == NULL)
545 					break;
546 			}
547 			ma[i] = m;
548 		}
549 		initial_pagein = i;
550 
551 		/*
552 		 * get_pages unbusies all the requested pages except the
553 		 * primary page (at index 0 in this case).
554 		 */
555 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, initial_pagein, 0);
556 		m = vm_page_lookup(object, 0);
557 
558 		if (rv != VM_PAGER_OK || m == NULL || m->valid == 0) {
559 			if (m) {
560 				vm_page_protect(m, VM_PROT_NONE);
561 				vm_page_free(m);
562 			}
563 			crit_exit();
564 			return EIO;
565 		}
566 	}
567 	vm_page_hold(m);
568 	vm_page_wakeup(m);	/* unbusy the page */
569 	crit_exit();
570 
571 	imgp->firstpage = sf_buf_alloc(m, SFBA_QUICK);
572 	imgp->image_header = (void *)sf_buf_kva(imgp->firstpage);
573 
574 	return 0;
575 }
576 
577 void
578 exec_unmap_first_page(imgp)
579 	struct image_params *imgp;
580 {
581 	vm_page_t m;
582 
583 	crit_enter();
584 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL) {
585 		m = sf_buf_page(imgp->firstpage);
586 		sf_buf_free(imgp->firstpage);
587 		imgp->firstpage = NULL;
588 		imgp->image_header = NULL;
589 		vm_page_unhold(m);
590 	}
591 	crit_exit();
592 }
593 
594 /*
595  * Destroy old address space, and allocate a new stack
596  *	The new stack is only SGROWSIZ large because it is grown
597  *	automatically in trap.c.
598  */
599 int
600 exec_new_vmspace(struct image_params *imgp, struct vmspace *vmcopy)
601 {
602 	int error;
603 	struct vmspace *vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
604 	vm_offset_t stack_addr = USRSTACK - maxssiz;
605 	vm_map_t map;
606 
607 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 1;
608 
609 	/*
610 	 * Prevent a pending AIO from modifying the new address space.
611 	 */
612 	aio_proc_rundown(imgp->proc);
613 
614 	/*
615 	 * Blow away entire process VM, if address space not shared,
616 	 * otherwise, create a new VM space so that other threads are
617 	 * not disrupted.  If we are execing a resident vmspace we
618 	 * create a duplicate of it and remap the stack.
619 	 *
620 	 * The exitingcnt test is not strictly necessary but has been
621 	 * included for code sanity (to make the code more deterministic).
622 	 */
623 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
624 	if (vmcopy) {
625 		vmspace_exec(imgp->proc, vmcopy);
626 		vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
627 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace), stack_addr, USRSTACK);
628 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
629 	} else if (vmspace->vm_refcnt == 1 && vmspace->vm_exitingcnt == 0) {
630 		shmexit(vmspace);
631 		if (vmspace->vm_upcalls)
632 			upc_release(vmspace, imgp->proc);
633 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace), 0, VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS);
634 		vm_map_remove(map, 0, VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS);
635 	} else {
636 		vmspace_exec(imgp->proc, NULL);
637 		vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
638 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
639 	}
640 
641 	/* Allocate a new stack */
642 	error = vm_map_stack(&vmspace->vm_map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)maxssiz,
643 	    VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0);
644 	if (error)
645 		return (error);
646 
647 	/* vm_ssize and vm_maxsaddr are somewhat antiquated concepts in the
648 	 * VM_STACK case, but they are still used to monitor the size of the
649 	 * process stack so we can check the stack rlimit.
650 	 */
651 	vmspace->vm_ssize = sgrowsiz >> PAGE_SHIFT;
652 	vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (char *)USRSTACK - maxssiz;
653 
654 	return(0);
655 }
656 
657 /*
658  * Copy out argument and environment strings from the old process
659  *	address space into the temporary string buffer.
660  */
661 int
662 exec_copyin_args(struct image_args *args, char *fname,
663 		enum exec_path_segflg segflg, char **argv, char **envv)
664 {
665 	char	*argp, *envp;
666 	int	error = 0;
667 	size_t	length;
668 
669 	bzero(args, sizeof(*args));
670 	args->buf = (char *) kmem_alloc_wait(exec_map, PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX);
671 	if (args->buf == NULL)
672 		return (ENOMEM);
673 	args->begin_argv = args->buf;
674 	args->endp = args->begin_argv;
675 	args->space = ARG_MAX;
676 
677 	args->fname = args->buf + ARG_MAX;
678 
679 	/*
680 	 * Copy the file name.
681 	 */
682 	if (segflg == PATH_SYSSPACE) {
683 		error = copystr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
684 	} else if (segflg == PATH_USERSPACE) {
685 		error = copyinstr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
686 	}
687 
688 	/*
689 	 * extract argument strings
690 	 */
691 
692 	if (argv && error == 0) {
693 		/*
694 		 * The argv0 argument for execv() is allowed to be NULL,
695 		 * in which case we use our filename as argv[0].
696 		 * This guarantees that
697 		 * the interpreter knows what file to open in the case
698 		 * that we exec an interpreted file.
699 		 */
700 		argp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(argv);
701 		if (argp == NULL) {
702 			length = strlen(args->fname) + 1;
703 			KKASSERT(length <= args->space);
704 			bcopy(args->fname, args->endp, length);
705 			args->space -= length;
706 			args->endp += length;
707 			args->argc++;
708 			argv++;
709 		}
710 		while ((argp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(argv++))) {
711 			if (argp == (caddr_t) -1) {
712 				error = EFAULT;
713 				goto cleanup;
714 			}
715 			error = copyinstr(argp, args->endp,
716 					    args->space, &length);
717 			if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
718 				error = E2BIG;
719 			if (error)
720 				goto cleanup;
721 			args->space -= length;
722 			args->endp += length;
723 			args->argc++;
724 		}
725 	}
726 
727 	args->begin_envv = args->endp;
728 
729 	/*
730 	 * extract environment strings
731 	 */
732 	if (envv && error == 0) {
733 		while ((envp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(envv++))) {
734 			if (envp == (caddr_t) -1) {
735 				error = EFAULT;
736 				goto cleanup;
737 			}
738 			error = copyinstr(envp, args->endp, args->space,
739 			    &length);
740 			if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
741 				error = E2BIG;
742 			if (error)
743 				goto cleanup;
744 			args->space -= length;
745 			args->endp += length;
746 			args->envc++;
747 		}
748 	}
749 
750 cleanup:
751 	return (error);
752 }
753 
754 void
755 exec_free_args(struct image_args *args)
756 {
757 	if (args->buf) {
758 		kmem_free_wakeup(exec_map,
759 				(vm_offset_t)args->buf, PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX);
760 		args->buf = NULL;
761 	}
762 }
763 
764 /*
765  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing
766  *	new arg and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base
767  *	so that it can be used as the initial stack pointer.
768  */
769 register_t *
770 exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
771 {
772 	int argc, envc;
773 	char **vectp;
774 	char *stringp, *destp;
775 	register_t *stack_base;
776 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
777 	int szsigcode;
778 
779 	/*
780 	 * Calculate string base and vector table pointers.
781 	 * Also deal with signal trampoline code for this exec type.
782 	 */
783 	arginfo = (struct ps_strings *)PS_STRINGS;
784 	szsigcode = *(imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode);
785 	destp =	(caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode - SPARE_USRSPACE -
786 	    roundup((ARG_MAX - imgp->args->space), sizeof(char *));
787 
788 	/*
789 	 * install sigcode
790 	 */
791 	if (szsigcode)
792 		copyout(imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_sigcode,
793 		    ((caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode), szsigcode);
794 
795 	/*
796 	 * If we have a valid auxargs ptr, prepare some room
797 	 * on the stack.
798 	 *
799 	 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of the
800 	 * arg and env vector sets, and 'AT_COUNT*2' is room for the
801 	 * ELF Auxargs data.
802 	 */
803 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
804 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
805 			imgp->args->envc + 2 + AT_COUNT * 2) * sizeof(char*));
806 	} else {
807 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
808 			imgp->args->envc + 2) * sizeof(char*));
809 	}
810 
811 	/*
812 	 * NOTE: don't bother aligning the stack here for GCC 2.x, it will
813 	 * be done in crt1.o.  Note that GCC 3.x aligns the stack in main.
814 	 */
815 
816 	/*
817 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
818 	 */
819 	stack_base = (register_t *)vectp;
820 
821 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
822 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
823 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
824 
825 	/*
826 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
827 	 */
828 	copyout(stringp, destp, ARG_MAX - imgp->args->space);
829 
830 	/*
831 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
832 	 */
833 	suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
834 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc);
835 
836 	/*
837 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
838 	 */
839 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
840 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
841 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
842 			destp++;
843 		destp++;
844 	}
845 
846 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
847 	suword(vectp++, 0);
848 
849 	suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
850 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc);
851 
852 	/*
853 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
854 	 */
855 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
856 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
857 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
858 			destp++;
859 		destp++;
860 	}
861 
862 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
863 	suword(vectp, 0);
864 
865 	return (stack_base);
866 }
867 
868 /*
869  * Check permissions of file to execute.
870  *	Return 0 for success or error code on failure.
871  */
872 int
873 exec_check_permissions(imgp)
874 	struct image_params *imgp;
875 {
876 	struct proc *p = imgp->proc;
877 	struct vnode *vp = imgp->vp;
878 	struct vattr *attr = imgp->attr;
879 	struct thread *td = p->p_thread;
880 	int error;
881 
882 	/* Get file attributes */
883 	error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, attr, td);
884 	if (error)
885 		return (error);
886 
887 	/*
888 	 * 1) Check if file execution is disabled for the filesystem that this
889 	 *	file resides on.
890 	 * 2) Insure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
891 	 *	will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
892 	 *	file really is executable.
893 	 * 3) Insure that the file is a regular file.
894 	 */
895 	if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) ||
896 	    ((attr->va_mode & 0111) == 0) ||
897 	    (attr->va_type != VREG)) {
898 		return (EACCES);
899 	}
900 
901 	/*
902 	 * Zero length files can't be exec'd
903 	 */
904 	if (attr->va_size == 0)
905 		return (ENOEXEC);
906 
907 	/*
908 	 *  Check for execute permission to file based on current credentials.
909 	 */
910 	error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, p->p_ucred, td);
911 	if (error)
912 		return (error);
913 
914 	/*
915 	 * Check number of open-for-writes on the file and deny execution
916 	 * if there are any.
917 	 */
918 	if (vp->v_writecount)
919 		return (ETXTBSY);
920 
921 	/*
922 	 * Call filesystem specific open routine (which does nothing in the
923 	 * general case).
924 	 */
925 	error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, p->p_ucred, NULL, td);
926 	if (error)
927 		return (error);
928 
929 	return (0);
930 }
931 
932 /*
933  * Exec handler registration
934  */
935 int
936 exec_register(execsw_arg)
937 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
938 {
939 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
940 	int count = 2;	/* New slot and trailing NULL */
941 
942 	if (execsw)
943 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
944 			count++;
945 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
946 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
947 		return ENOMEM;
948 	xs = newexecsw;
949 	if (execsw)
950 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
951 			*xs++ = *es;
952 	*xs++ = execsw_arg;
953 	*xs = NULL;
954 	if (execsw)
955 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
956 	execsw = newexecsw;
957 	return 0;
958 }
959 
960 int
961 exec_unregister(execsw_arg)
962 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
963 {
964 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
965 	int count = 1;
966 
967 	if (execsw == NULL)
968 		panic("unregister with no handlers left?");
969 
970 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++) {
971 		if (*es == execsw_arg)
972 			break;
973 	}
974 	if (*es == NULL)
975 		return ENOENT;
976 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
977 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
978 			count++;
979 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
980 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
981 		return ENOMEM;
982 	xs = newexecsw;
983 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
984 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
985 			*xs++ = *es;
986 	*xs = NULL;
987 	if (execsw)
988 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
989 	execsw = newexecsw;
990 	return 0;
991 }
992