1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1999 Peter Wemm <peter@FreeBSD.org> 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 14 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 15 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 17 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 18 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 19 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 20 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 21 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 22 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 23 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 24 * SUCH DAMAGE. 25 * 26 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/usched_bsd4.c,v 1.23 2008/04/21 15:24:46 dillon Exp $ 27 */ 28 29 #include <sys/param.h> 30 #include <sys/systm.h> 31 #include <sys/kernel.h> 32 #include <sys/lock.h> 33 #include <sys/queue.h> 34 #include <sys/proc.h> 35 #include <sys/rtprio.h> 36 #include <sys/uio.h> 37 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 38 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 39 #include <sys/spinlock.h> 40 #include <machine/cpu.h> 41 #include <machine/smp.h> 42 43 #include <sys/thread2.h> 44 #include <sys/spinlock2.h> 45 46 /* 47 * Priorities. Note that with 32 run queues per scheduler each queue 48 * represents four priority levels. 49 */ 50 51 #define MAXPRI 128 52 #define PRIMASK (MAXPRI - 1) 53 #define PRIBASE_REALTIME 0 54 #define PRIBASE_NORMAL MAXPRI 55 #define PRIBASE_IDLE (MAXPRI * 2) 56 #define PRIBASE_THREAD (MAXPRI * 3) 57 #define PRIBASE_NULL (MAXPRI * 4) 58 59 #define NQS 32 /* 32 run queues. */ 60 #define PPQ (MAXPRI / NQS) /* priorities per queue */ 61 #define PPQMASK (PPQ - 1) 62 63 /* 64 * NICEPPQ - number of nice units per priority queue 65 * ESTCPURAMP - number of scheduler ticks for estcpu to switch queues 66 * 67 * ESTCPUPPQ - number of estcpu units per priority queue 68 * ESTCPUMAX - number of estcpu units 69 * ESTCPUINCR - amount we have to increment p_estcpu per scheduling tick at 70 * 100% cpu. 71 */ 72 #define NICEPPQ 2 73 #define ESTCPURAMP 4 74 #define ESTCPUPPQ 512 75 #define ESTCPUMAX (ESTCPUPPQ * NQS) 76 #define ESTCPUINCR (ESTCPUPPQ / ESTCPURAMP) 77 #define PRIO_RANGE (PRIO_MAX - PRIO_MIN + 1) 78 79 #define ESTCPULIM(v) min((v), ESTCPUMAX) 80 81 TAILQ_HEAD(rq, lwp); 82 83 #define lwp_priority lwp_usdata.bsd4.priority 84 #define lwp_rqindex lwp_usdata.bsd4.rqindex 85 #define lwp_origcpu lwp_usdata.bsd4.origcpu 86 #define lwp_estcpu lwp_usdata.bsd4.estcpu 87 #define lwp_rqtype lwp_usdata.bsd4.rqtype 88 89 static void bsd4_acquire_curproc(struct lwp *lp); 90 static void bsd4_release_curproc(struct lwp *lp); 91 static void bsd4_select_curproc(globaldata_t gd); 92 static void bsd4_setrunqueue(struct lwp *lp); 93 static void bsd4_schedulerclock(struct lwp *lp, sysclock_t period, 94 sysclock_t cpstamp); 95 static void bsd4_recalculate_estcpu(struct lwp *lp); 96 static void bsd4_resetpriority(struct lwp *lp); 97 static void bsd4_forking(struct lwp *plp, struct lwp *lp); 98 static void bsd4_exiting(struct lwp *plp, struct lwp *lp); 99 static void bsd4_yield(struct lwp *lp); 100 101 #ifdef SMP 102 static void need_user_resched_remote(void *dummy); 103 #endif 104 static struct lwp *chooseproc_locked(struct lwp *chklp); 105 static void bsd4_remrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp); 106 static void bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp); 107 108 struct usched usched_bsd4 = { 109 { NULL }, 110 "bsd4", "Original DragonFly Scheduler", 111 NULL, /* default registration */ 112 NULL, /* default deregistration */ 113 bsd4_acquire_curproc, 114 bsd4_release_curproc, 115 bsd4_setrunqueue, 116 bsd4_schedulerclock, 117 bsd4_recalculate_estcpu, 118 bsd4_resetpriority, 119 bsd4_forking, 120 bsd4_exiting, 121 NULL, /* setcpumask not supported */ 122 bsd4_yield 123 }; 124 125 struct usched_bsd4_pcpu { 126 struct thread helper_thread; 127 short rrcount; 128 short upri; 129 struct lwp *uschedcp; 130 }; 131 132 typedef struct usched_bsd4_pcpu *bsd4_pcpu_t; 133 134 /* 135 * We have NQS (32) run queues per scheduling class. For the normal 136 * class, there are 128 priorities scaled onto these 32 queues. New 137 * processes are added to the last entry in each queue, and processes 138 * are selected for running by taking them from the head and maintaining 139 * a simple FIFO arrangement. Realtime and Idle priority processes have 140 * and explicit 0-31 priority which maps directly onto their class queue 141 * index. When a queue has something in it, the corresponding bit is 142 * set in the queuebits variable, allowing a single read to determine 143 * the state of all 32 queues and then a ffs() to find the first busy 144 * queue. 145 */ 146 static struct rq bsd4_queues[NQS]; 147 static struct rq bsd4_rtqueues[NQS]; 148 static struct rq bsd4_idqueues[NQS]; 149 static u_int32_t bsd4_queuebits; 150 static u_int32_t bsd4_rtqueuebits; 151 static u_int32_t bsd4_idqueuebits; 152 static cpumask_t bsd4_curprocmask = -1; /* currently running a user process */ 153 static cpumask_t bsd4_rdyprocmask; /* ready to accept a user process */ 154 static int bsd4_runqcount; 155 #ifdef SMP 156 static volatile int bsd4_scancpu; 157 #endif 158 static struct spinlock bsd4_spin; 159 static struct usched_bsd4_pcpu bsd4_pcpu[MAXCPU]; 160 161 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bsd4_runqcount, CTLFLAG_RD, &bsd4_runqcount, 0, ""); 162 #ifdef INVARIANTS 163 static int usched_nonoptimal; 164 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, usched_nonoptimal, CTLFLAG_RW, 165 &usched_nonoptimal, 0, "acquire_curproc() was not optimal"); 166 static int usched_optimal; 167 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, usched_optimal, CTLFLAG_RW, 168 &usched_optimal, 0, "acquire_curproc() was optimal"); 169 #endif 170 static int usched_debug = -1; 171 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, scdebug, CTLFLAG_RW, &usched_debug, 0, ""); 172 #ifdef SMP 173 static int remote_resched_nonaffinity; 174 static int remote_resched_affinity; 175 static int choose_affinity; 176 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, remote_resched_nonaffinity, CTLFLAG_RD, 177 &remote_resched_nonaffinity, 0, "Number of remote rescheds"); 178 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, remote_resched_affinity, CTLFLAG_RD, 179 &remote_resched_affinity, 0, "Number of remote rescheds"); 180 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, choose_affinity, CTLFLAG_RD, 181 &choose_affinity, 0, "chooseproc() was smart"); 182 #endif 183 184 static int usched_bsd4_rrinterval = (ESTCPUFREQ + 9) / 10; 185 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, usched_bsd4_rrinterval, CTLFLAG_RW, 186 &usched_bsd4_rrinterval, 0, ""); 187 static int usched_bsd4_decay = ESTCPUINCR / 2; 188 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, usched_bsd4_decay, CTLFLAG_RW, 189 &usched_bsd4_decay, 0, ""); 190 191 /* 192 * Initialize the run queues at boot time. 193 */ 194 static void 195 rqinit(void *dummy) 196 { 197 int i; 198 199 spin_init(&bsd4_spin); 200 for (i = 0; i < NQS; i++) { 201 TAILQ_INIT(&bsd4_queues[i]); 202 TAILQ_INIT(&bsd4_rtqueues[i]); 203 TAILQ_INIT(&bsd4_idqueues[i]); 204 } 205 atomic_clear_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, 1); 206 } 207 SYSINIT(runqueue, SI_BOOT2_USCHED, SI_ORDER_FIRST, rqinit, NULL) 208 209 /* 210 * BSD4_ACQUIRE_CURPROC 211 * 212 * This function is called when the kernel intends to return to userland. 213 * It is responsible for making the thread the current designated userland 214 * thread for this cpu, blocking if necessary. 215 * 216 * We are expected to handle userland reschedule requests here too. 217 * 218 * WARNING! THIS FUNCTION IS ALLOWED TO CAUSE THE CURRENT THREAD TO MIGRATE 219 * TO ANOTHER CPU! Because most of the kernel assumes that no migration will 220 * occur, this function is called only under very controlled circumstances. 221 * 222 * Basically we recalculate our estcpu to hopefully give us a more 223 * favorable disposition, setrunqueue, then wait for the curlwp 224 * designation to be handed to us (if the setrunqueue didn't do it). 225 * 226 * MPSAFE 227 */ 228 static void 229 bsd4_acquire_curproc(struct lwp *lp) 230 { 231 globaldata_t gd = mycpu; 232 bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid]; 233 234 /* 235 * Possibly select another thread, or keep the current thread. 236 */ 237 if (user_resched_wanted()) 238 bsd4_select_curproc(gd); 239 240 /* 241 * If uschedcp is still pointing to us, we're done 242 */ 243 if (dd->uschedcp == lp) 244 return; 245 246 /* 247 * If this cpu has no current thread, and the run queue is 248 * empty, we can safely select ourself. 249 */ 250 if (dd->uschedcp == NULL && bsd4_runqcount == 0) { 251 atomic_set_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, gd->gd_cpumask); 252 dd->uschedcp = lp; 253 dd->upri = lp->lwp_priority; 254 return; 255 } 256 257 /* 258 * Adjust estcpu and recalculate our priority, then put us back on 259 * the user process scheduler's runq. Only increment the involuntary 260 * context switch count if the setrunqueue call did not immediately 261 * schedule us. 262 * 263 * Loop until we become the currently scheduled process. Note that 264 * calling setrunqueue can cause us to be migrated to another cpu 265 * after we switch away. 266 */ 267 do { 268 crit_enter(); 269 bsd4_recalculate_estcpu(lp); 270 lwkt_deschedule_self(gd->gd_curthread); 271 bsd4_setrunqueue(lp); 272 if ((gd->gd_curthread->td_flags & TDF_RUNQ) == 0) 273 ++lp->lwp_ru.ru_nivcsw; 274 lwkt_switch(); 275 crit_exit(); 276 gd = mycpu; 277 dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid]; 278 } while (dd->uschedcp != lp); 279 KKASSERT((lp->lwp_flag & LWP_ONRUNQ) == 0); 280 } 281 282 /* 283 * BSD4_RELEASE_CURPROC 284 * 285 * This routine detaches the current thread from the userland scheduler, 286 * usually because the thread needs to run in the kernel (at kernel priority) 287 * for a while. 288 * 289 * This routine is also responsible for selecting a new thread to 290 * make the current thread. 291 * 292 * NOTE: This implementation differs from the dummy example in that 293 * bsd4_select_curproc() is able to select the current process, whereas 294 * dummy_select_curproc() is not able to select the current process. 295 * This means we have to NULL out uschedcp. 296 * 297 * Additionally, note that we may already be on a run queue if releasing 298 * via the lwkt_switch() in bsd4_setrunqueue(). 299 * 300 * WARNING! The MP lock may be in an unsynchronized state due to the 301 * way get_mplock() works and the fact that this function may be called 302 * from a passive release during a lwkt_switch(). try_mplock() will deal 303 * with this for us but you should be aware that td_mpcount may not be 304 * useable. 305 * 306 * MPSAFE 307 */ 308 static void 309 bsd4_release_curproc(struct lwp *lp) 310 { 311 globaldata_t gd = mycpu; 312 bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid]; 313 314 if (dd->uschedcp == lp) { 315 /* 316 * Note: we leave ou curprocmask bit set to prevent 317 * unnecessary scheduler helper wakeups. 318 * bsd4_select_curproc() will clean it up. 319 */ 320 KKASSERT((lp->lwp_flag & LWP_ONRUNQ) == 0); 321 dd->uschedcp = NULL; /* don't let lp be selected */ 322 bsd4_select_curproc(gd); 323 } 324 } 325 326 /* 327 * BSD4_SELECT_CURPROC 328 * 329 * Select a new current process for this cpu. This satisfies a user 330 * scheduler reschedule request so clear that too. 331 * 332 * This routine is also responsible for equal-priority round-robining, 333 * typically triggered from bsd4_schedulerclock(). In our dummy example 334 * all the 'user' threads are LWKT scheduled all at once and we just 335 * call lwkt_switch(). 336 * 337 * MPSAFE 338 */ 339 static 340 void 341 bsd4_select_curproc(globaldata_t gd) 342 { 343 bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid]; 344 struct lwp *nlp; 345 int cpuid = gd->gd_cpuid; 346 347 crit_enter_gd(gd); 348 clear_user_resched(); /* This satisfied the reschedule request */ 349 dd->rrcount = 0; /* Reset the round-robin counter */ 350 351 spin_lock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 352 if ((nlp = chooseproc_locked(dd->uschedcp)) != NULL) { 353 atomic_set_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, 1 << cpuid); 354 dd->upri = nlp->lwp_priority; 355 dd->uschedcp = nlp; 356 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 357 #ifdef SMP 358 lwkt_acquire(nlp->lwp_thread); 359 #endif 360 lwkt_schedule(nlp->lwp_thread); 361 } else if (dd->uschedcp) { 362 dd->upri = dd->uschedcp->lwp_priority; 363 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 364 KKASSERT(bsd4_curprocmask & (1 << cpuid)); 365 } else if (bsd4_runqcount && (bsd4_rdyprocmask & (1 << cpuid))) { 366 atomic_clear_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, 1 << cpuid); 367 atomic_clear_int(&bsd4_rdyprocmask, 1 << cpuid); 368 dd->uschedcp = NULL; 369 dd->upri = PRIBASE_NULL; 370 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 371 lwkt_schedule(&dd->helper_thread); 372 } else { 373 dd->uschedcp = NULL; 374 dd->upri = PRIBASE_NULL; 375 atomic_clear_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, 1 << cpuid); 376 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 377 } 378 crit_exit_gd(gd); 379 } 380 381 /* 382 * BSD4_SETRUNQUEUE 383 * 384 * This routine is called to schedule a new user process after a fork. 385 * 386 * The caller may set P_PASSIVE_ACQ in p_flag to indicate that we should 387 * attempt to leave the thread on the current cpu. 388 * 389 * If P_PASSIVE_ACQ is set setrunqueue() will not wakeup potential target 390 * cpus in an attempt to keep the process on the current cpu at least for 391 * a little while to take advantage of locality of reference (e.g. fork/exec 392 * or short fork/exit, and uio_yield()). 393 * 394 * CPU AFFINITY: cpu affinity is handled by attempting to either schedule 395 * or (user level) preempt on the same cpu that a process was previously 396 * scheduled to. If we cannot do this but we are at enough of a higher 397 * priority then the processes running on other cpus, we will allow the 398 * process to be stolen by another cpu. 399 * 400 * WARNING! This routine cannot block. bsd4_acquire_curproc() does 401 * a deschedule/switch interlock and we can be moved to another cpu 402 * the moment we are switched out. Our LWKT run state is the only 403 * thing preventing the transfer. 404 * 405 * The associated thread must NOT currently be scheduled (but can be the 406 * current process after it has been LWKT descheduled). It must NOT be on 407 * a bsd4 scheduler queue either. The purpose of this routine is to put 408 * it on a scheduler queue or make it the current user process and LWKT 409 * schedule it. It is possible that the thread is in the middle of a LWKT 410 * switchout on another cpu, lwkt_acquire() deals with that case. 411 * 412 * The process must be runnable. 413 * 414 * MPSAFE 415 */ 416 static void 417 bsd4_setrunqueue(struct lwp *lp) 418 { 419 globaldata_t gd; 420 bsd4_pcpu_t dd; 421 int cpuid; 422 #ifdef SMP 423 cpumask_t mask; 424 cpumask_t tmpmask; 425 #endif 426 427 /* 428 * First validate the process state relative to the current cpu. 429 * We don't need the spinlock for this, just a critical section. 430 * We are in control of the process. 431 */ 432 crit_enter(); 433 KASSERT(lp->lwp_stat == LSRUN, ("setrunqueue: lwp not LSRUN")); 434 KASSERT((lp->lwp_flag & LWP_ONRUNQ) == 0, 435 ("lwp %d/%d already on runq! flag %08x/%08x", lp->lwp_proc->p_pid, 436 lp->lwp_tid, lp->lwp_proc->p_flag, lp->lwp_flag)); 437 KKASSERT((lp->lwp_thread->td_flags & TDF_RUNQ) == 0); 438 439 /* 440 * Note: gd and dd are relative to the target thread's last cpu, 441 * NOT our current cpu. 442 */ 443 gd = lp->lwp_thread->td_gd; 444 dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid]; 445 446 /* 447 * This process is not supposed to be scheduled anywhere or assigned 448 * as the current process anywhere. Assert the condition. 449 */ 450 KKASSERT(dd->uschedcp != lp); 451 452 /* 453 * Check local cpu affinity. The associated thread is stable at 454 * the moment. Note that we may be checking another cpu here so we 455 * have to be careful. We can only assign uschedcp on OUR cpu. 456 * 457 * This allows us to avoid actually queueing the process. 458 * acquire_curproc() will handle any threads we mistakenly schedule. 459 */ 460 cpuid = gd->gd_cpuid; 461 if (gd == mycpu && (bsd4_curprocmask & (1 << cpuid)) == 0) { 462 atomic_set_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, 1 << cpuid); 463 dd->uschedcp = lp; 464 dd->upri = lp->lwp_priority; 465 lwkt_schedule(lp->lwp_thread); 466 crit_exit(); 467 return; 468 } 469 470 /* 471 * gd and cpuid may still 'hint' at another cpu. Even so we have 472 * to place this process on the userland scheduler's run queue for 473 * action by the target cpu. 474 */ 475 #ifdef SMP 476 /* 477 * XXX fixme. Could be part of a remrunqueue/setrunqueue 478 * operation when the priority is recalculated, so TDF_MIGRATING 479 * may already be set. 480 */ 481 if ((lp->lwp_thread->td_flags & TDF_MIGRATING) == 0) 482 lwkt_giveaway(lp->lwp_thread); 483 #endif 484 485 /* 486 * We lose control of lp the moment we release the spinlock after 487 * having placed lp on the queue. i.e. another cpu could pick it 488 * up and it could exit, or its priority could be further adjusted, 489 * or something like that. 490 */ 491 spin_lock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 492 bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(lp); 493 494 /* 495 * gd, dd, and cpuid are still our target cpu 'hint', not our current 496 * cpu info. 497 * 498 * We always try to schedule a LWP to its original cpu first. It 499 * is possible for the scheduler helper or setrunqueue to assign 500 * the LWP to a different cpu before the one we asked for wakes 501 * up. 502 * 503 * If the LWP has higher priority (lower lwp_priority value) on 504 * its target cpu, reschedule on that cpu. 505 */ 506 if ((lp->lwp_thread->td_flags & TDF_NORESCHED) == 0) { 507 if ((dd->upri & ~PRIMASK) > (lp->lwp_priority & ~PRIMASK)) { 508 dd->upri = lp->lwp_priority; 509 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 510 #ifdef SMP 511 if (gd == mycpu) { 512 need_user_resched(); 513 } else { 514 lwkt_send_ipiq(gd, need_user_resched_remote, 515 NULL); 516 } 517 #else 518 need_user_resched(); 519 #endif 520 crit_exit(); 521 return; 522 } 523 } 524 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 525 526 #ifdef SMP 527 /* 528 * Otherwise the LWP has a lower priority or we were asked not 529 * to reschedule. Look for an idle cpu whos scheduler helper 530 * is ready to accept more work. 531 * 532 * Look for an idle cpu starting at our rotator (bsd4_scancpu). 533 * 534 * If no cpus are ready to accept work, just return. 535 * 536 * XXX P_PASSIVE_ACQ 537 */ 538 mask = ~bsd4_curprocmask & bsd4_rdyprocmask & mycpu->gd_other_cpus & 539 lp->lwp_cpumask; 540 if (mask) { 541 cpuid = bsd4_scancpu; 542 if (++cpuid == ncpus) 543 cpuid = 0; 544 tmpmask = ~((1 << cpuid) - 1); 545 if (mask & tmpmask) 546 cpuid = bsfl(mask & tmpmask); 547 else 548 cpuid = bsfl(mask); 549 atomic_clear_int(&bsd4_rdyprocmask, 1 << cpuid); 550 bsd4_scancpu = cpuid; 551 lwkt_schedule(&bsd4_pcpu[cpuid].helper_thread); 552 } 553 #endif 554 crit_exit(); 555 } 556 557 /* 558 * This routine is called from a systimer IPI. It MUST be MP-safe and 559 * the BGL IS NOT HELD ON ENTRY. This routine is called at ESTCPUFREQ on 560 * each cpu. 561 * 562 * Because this is effectively a 'fast' interrupt, we cannot safely 563 * use spinlocks unless gd_spinlock_rd is NULL and gd_spinlocks_wr is 0, 564 * even if the spinlocks are 'non conflicting'. This is due to the way 565 * spinlock conflicts against cached read locks are handled. 566 * 567 * MPSAFE 568 */ 569 static 570 void 571 bsd4_schedulerclock(struct lwp *lp, sysclock_t period, sysclock_t cpstamp) 572 { 573 globaldata_t gd = mycpu; 574 bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid]; 575 576 /* 577 * Do we need to round-robin? We round-robin 10 times a second. 578 * This should only occur for cpu-bound batch processes. 579 */ 580 if (++dd->rrcount >= usched_bsd4_rrinterval) { 581 dd->rrcount = 0; 582 need_user_resched(); 583 } 584 585 /* 586 * As the process accumulates cpu time p_estcpu is bumped and may 587 * push the process into another scheduling queue. It typically 588 * takes 4 ticks to bump the queue. 589 */ 590 lp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(lp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUINCR); 591 592 /* 593 * Reducing p_origcpu over time causes more of our estcpu to be 594 * returned to the parent when we exit. This is a small tweak 595 * for the batch detection heuristic. 596 */ 597 if (lp->lwp_origcpu) 598 --lp->lwp_origcpu; 599 600 /* 601 * We can only safely call bsd4_resetpriority(), which uses spinlocks, 602 * if we aren't interrupting a thread that is using spinlocks. 603 * Otherwise we can deadlock with another cpu waiting for our read 604 * spinlocks to clear. 605 */ 606 if (gd->gd_spinlock_rd == NULL && gd->gd_spinlocks_wr == 0) 607 bsd4_resetpriority(lp); 608 else 609 need_user_resched(); 610 } 611 612 /* 613 * Called from acquire and from kern_synch's one-second timer (one of the 614 * callout helper threads) with a critical section held. 615 * 616 * Decay p_estcpu based on the number of ticks we haven't been running 617 * and our p_nice. As the load increases each process observes a larger 618 * number of idle ticks (because other processes are running in them). 619 * This observation leads to a larger correction which tends to make the 620 * system more 'batchy'. 621 * 622 * Note that no recalculation occurs for a process which sleeps and wakes 623 * up in the same tick. That is, a system doing thousands of context 624 * switches per second will still only do serious estcpu calculations 625 * ESTCPUFREQ times per second. 626 * 627 * MPSAFE 628 */ 629 static 630 void 631 bsd4_recalculate_estcpu(struct lwp *lp) 632 { 633 globaldata_t gd = mycpu; 634 sysclock_t cpbase; 635 int loadfac; 636 int ndecay; 637 int nticks; 638 int nleft; 639 640 /* 641 * We have to subtract periodic to get the last schedclock 642 * timeout time, otherwise we would get the upcoming timeout. 643 * Keep in mind that a process can migrate between cpus and 644 * while the scheduler clock should be very close, boundary 645 * conditions could lead to a small negative delta. 646 */ 647 cpbase = gd->gd_schedclock.time - gd->gd_schedclock.periodic; 648 649 if (lp->lwp_slptime > 1) { 650 /* 651 * Too much time has passed, do a coarse correction. 652 */ 653 lp->lwp_estcpu = lp->lwp_estcpu >> 1; 654 bsd4_resetpriority(lp); 655 lp->lwp_cpbase = cpbase; 656 lp->lwp_cpticks = 0; 657 } else if (lp->lwp_cpbase != cpbase) { 658 /* 659 * Adjust estcpu if we are in a different tick. Don't waste 660 * time if we are in the same tick. 661 * 662 * First calculate the number of ticks in the measurement 663 * interval. The nticks calculation can wind up 0 due to 664 * a bug in the handling of lwp_slptime (as yet not found), 665 * so make sure we do not get a divide by 0 panic. 666 */ 667 nticks = (cpbase - lp->lwp_cpbase) / gd->gd_schedclock.periodic; 668 if (nticks <= 0) 669 nticks = 1; 670 updatepcpu(lp, lp->lwp_cpticks, nticks); 671 672 if ((nleft = nticks - lp->lwp_cpticks) < 0) 673 nleft = 0; 674 if (usched_debug == lp->lwp_proc->p_pid) { 675 kprintf("pid %d tid %d estcpu %d cpticks %d nticks %d nleft %d", 676 lp->lwp_proc->p_pid, lp->lwp_tid, lp->lwp_estcpu, 677 lp->lwp_cpticks, nticks, nleft); 678 } 679 680 /* 681 * Calculate a decay value based on ticks remaining scaled 682 * down by the instantanious load and p_nice. 683 */ 684 if ((loadfac = bsd4_runqcount) < 2) 685 loadfac = 2; 686 ndecay = nleft * usched_bsd4_decay * 2 * 687 (PRIO_MAX * 2 - lp->lwp_proc->p_nice) / (loadfac * PRIO_MAX * 2); 688 689 /* 690 * Adjust p_estcpu. Handle a border case where batch jobs 691 * can get stalled long enough to decay to zero when they 692 * shouldn't. 693 */ 694 if (lp->lwp_estcpu > ndecay * 2) 695 lp->lwp_estcpu -= ndecay; 696 else 697 lp->lwp_estcpu >>= 1; 698 699 if (usched_debug == lp->lwp_proc->p_pid) 700 kprintf(" ndecay %d estcpu %d\n", ndecay, lp->lwp_estcpu); 701 bsd4_resetpriority(lp); 702 lp->lwp_cpbase = cpbase; 703 lp->lwp_cpticks = 0; 704 } 705 } 706 707 /* 708 * Compute the priority of a process when running in user mode. 709 * Arrange to reschedule if the resulting priority is better 710 * than that of the current process. 711 * 712 * This routine may be called with any process. 713 * 714 * This routine is called by fork1() for initial setup with the process 715 * of the run queue, and also may be called normally with the process on or 716 * off the run queue. 717 * 718 * MPSAFE 719 */ 720 static void 721 bsd4_resetpriority(struct lwp *lp) 722 { 723 bsd4_pcpu_t dd; 724 int newpriority; 725 u_short newrqtype; 726 int reschedcpu; 727 728 /* 729 * Calculate the new priority and queue type 730 */ 731 crit_enter(); 732 spin_lock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 733 734 newrqtype = lp->lwp_rtprio.type; 735 736 switch(newrqtype) { 737 case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME: 738 case RTP_PRIO_FIFO: 739 newpriority = PRIBASE_REALTIME + 740 (lp->lwp_rtprio.prio & PRIMASK); 741 break; 742 case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL: 743 newpriority = (lp->lwp_proc->p_nice - PRIO_MIN) * PPQ / NICEPPQ; 744 newpriority += lp->lwp_estcpu * PPQ / ESTCPUPPQ; 745 newpriority = newpriority * MAXPRI / (PRIO_RANGE * PPQ / 746 NICEPPQ + ESTCPUMAX * PPQ / ESTCPUPPQ); 747 newpriority = PRIBASE_NORMAL + (newpriority & PRIMASK); 748 break; 749 case RTP_PRIO_IDLE: 750 newpriority = PRIBASE_IDLE + (lp->lwp_rtprio.prio & PRIMASK); 751 break; 752 case RTP_PRIO_THREAD: 753 newpriority = PRIBASE_THREAD + (lp->lwp_rtprio.prio & PRIMASK); 754 break; 755 default: 756 panic("Bad RTP_PRIO %d", newrqtype); 757 /* NOT REACHED */ 758 } 759 760 /* 761 * The newpriority incorporates the queue type so do a simple masked 762 * check to determine if the process has moved to another queue. If 763 * it has, and it is currently on a run queue, then move it. 764 */ 765 if ((lp->lwp_priority ^ newpriority) & ~PPQMASK) { 766 lp->lwp_priority = newpriority; 767 if (lp->lwp_flag & LWP_ONRUNQ) { 768 bsd4_remrunqueue_locked(lp); 769 lp->lwp_rqtype = newrqtype; 770 lp->lwp_rqindex = (newpriority & PRIMASK) / PPQ; 771 bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(lp); 772 reschedcpu = lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid; 773 } else { 774 lp->lwp_rqtype = newrqtype; 775 lp->lwp_rqindex = (newpriority & PRIMASK) / PPQ; 776 reschedcpu = -1; 777 } 778 } else { 779 lp->lwp_priority = newpriority; 780 reschedcpu = -1; 781 } 782 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 783 784 /* 785 * Determine if we need to reschedule the target cpu. This only 786 * occurs if the LWP is already on a scheduler queue, which means 787 * that idle cpu notification has already occured. At most we 788 * need only issue a need_user_resched() on the appropriate cpu. 789 */ 790 if (reschedcpu >= 0) { 791 dd = &bsd4_pcpu[reschedcpu]; 792 KKASSERT(dd->uschedcp != lp); 793 if ((dd->upri & ~PRIMASK) > (lp->lwp_priority & ~PRIMASK)) { 794 dd->upri = lp->lwp_priority; 795 #ifdef SMP 796 if (reschedcpu == mycpu->gd_cpuid) { 797 need_user_resched(); 798 } else { 799 lwkt_send_ipiq(lp->lwp_thread->td_gd, 800 need_user_resched_remote, NULL); 801 } 802 #else 803 need_user_resched(); 804 #endif 805 } 806 } 807 crit_exit(); 808 } 809 810 static 811 void 812 bsd4_yield(struct lwp *lp) 813 { 814 #if 0 815 /* FUTURE (or something similar) */ 816 switch(lp->lwp_rqtype) { 817 case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL: 818 lp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(lp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUINCR); 819 kprintf("Y"); 820 break; 821 default: 822 break; 823 } 824 #endif 825 need_user_resched(); 826 } 827 828 /* 829 * Called from fork1() when a new child process is being created. 830 * 831 * Give the child process an initial estcpu that is more batch then 832 * its parent and dock the parent for the fork (but do not 833 * reschedule the parent). This comprises the main part of our batch 834 * detection heuristic for both parallel forking and sequential execs. 835 * 836 * Interactive processes will decay the boosted estcpu quickly while batch 837 * processes will tend to compound it. 838 * XXX lwp should be "spawning" instead of "forking" 839 * 840 * MPSAFE 841 */ 842 static void 843 bsd4_forking(struct lwp *plp, struct lwp *lp) 844 { 845 lp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(plp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUPPQ); 846 lp->lwp_origcpu = lp->lwp_estcpu; 847 plp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(plp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUPPQ); 848 } 849 850 /* 851 * Called when the parent reaps a child. Propogate cpu use by the child 852 * back to the parent. 853 * 854 * MPSAFE 855 */ 856 static void 857 bsd4_exiting(struct lwp *plp, struct lwp *lp) 858 { 859 int delta; 860 861 if (plp->lwp_proc->p_pid != 1) { 862 delta = lp->lwp_estcpu - lp->lwp_origcpu; 863 if (delta > 0) 864 plp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(plp->lwp_estcpu + delta); 865 } 866 } 867 868 869 /* 870 * chooseproc() is called when a cpu needs a user process to LWKT schedule, 871 * it selects a user process and returns it. If chklp is non-NULL and chklp 872 * has a better or equal priority then the process that would otherwise be 873 * chosen, NULL is returned. 874 * 875 * Until we fix the RUNQ code the chklp test has to be strict or we may 876 * bounce between processes trying to acquire the current process designation. 877 * 878 * MPSAFE - must be called with bsd4_spin exclusive held. The spinlock is 879 * left intact through the entire routine. 880 */ 881 static 882 struct lwp * 883 chooseproc_locked(struct lwp *chklp) 884 { 885 struct lwp *lp; 886 struct rq *q; 887 u_int32_t *which, *which2; 888 u_int32_t pri; 889 u_int32_t rtqbits; 890 u_int32_t tsqbits; 891 u_int32_t idqbits; 892 cpumask_t cpumask; 893 894 rtqbits = bsd4_rtqueuebits; 895 tsqbits = bsd4_queuebits; 896 idqbits = bsd4_idqueuebits; 897 cpumask = mycpu->gd_cpumask; 898 899 #ifdef SMP 900 again: 901 #endif 902 if (rtqbits) { 903 pri = bsfl(rtqbits); 904 q = &bsd4_rtqueues[pri]; 905 which = &bsd4_rtqueuebits; 906 which2 = &rtqbits; 907 } else if (tsqbits) { 908 pri = bsfl(tsqbits); 909 q = &bsd4_queues[pri]; 910 which = &bsd4_queuebits; 911 which2 = &tsqbits; 912 } else if (idqbits) { 913 pri = bsfl(idqbits); 914 q = &bsd4_idqueues[pri]; 915 which = &bsd4_idqueuebits; 916 which2 = &idqbits; 917 } else { 918 return NULL; 919 } 920 lp = TAILQ_FIRST(q); 921 KASSERT(lp, ("chooseproc: no lwp on busy queue")); 922 923 #ifdef SMP 924 while ((lp->lwp_cpumask & cpumask) == 0) { 925 lp = TAILQ_NEXT(lp, lwp_procq); 926 if (lp == NULL) { 927 *which2 &= ~(1 << pri); 928 goto again; 929 } 930 } 931 #endif 932 933 /* 934 * If the passed lwp <chklp> is reasonably close to the selected 935 * lwp <lp>, return NULL (indicating that <chklp> should be kept). 936 * 937 * Note that we must error on the side of <chklp> to avoid bouncing 938 * between threads in the acquire code. 939 */ 940 if (chklp) { 941 if (chklp->lwp_priority < lp->lwp_priority + PPQ) 942 return(NULL); 943 } 944 945 #ifdef SMP 946 /* 947 * If the chosen lwp does not reside on this cpu spend a few 948 * cycles looking for a better candidate at the same priority level. 949 * This is a fallback check, setrunqueue() tries to wakeup the 950 * correct cpu and is our front-line affinity. 951 */ 952 if (lp->lwp_thread->td_gd != mycpu && 953 (chklp = TAILQ_NEXT(lp, lwp_procq)) != NULL 954 ) { 955 if (chklp->lwp_thread->td_gd == mycpu) { 956 ++choose_affinity; 957 lp = chklp; 958 } 959 } 960 #endif 961 962 TAILQ_REMOVE(q, lp, lwp_procq); 963 --bsd4_runqcount; 964 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(q)) 965 *which &= ~(1 << pri); 966 KASSERT((lp->lwp_flag & LWP_ONRUNQ) != 0, ("not on runq6!")); 967 lp->lwp_flag &= ~LWP_ONRUNQ; 968 return lp; 969 } 970 971 #ifdef SMP 972 /* 973 * Called via an ipi message to reschedule on another cpu. 974 * 975 * MPSAFE 976 */ 977 static 978 void 979 need_user_resched_remote(void *dummy) 980 { 981 need_user_resched(); 982 } 983 984 #endif 985 986 987 /* 988 * bsd4_remrunqueue_locked() removes a given process from the run queue 989 * that it is on, clearing the queue busy bit if it becomes empty. 990 * 991 * Note that user process scheduler is different from the LWKT schedule. 992 * The user process scheduler only manages user processes but it uses LWKT 993 * underneath, and a user process operating in the kernel will often be 994 * 'released' from our management. 995 * 996 * MPSAFE - bsd4_spin must be held exclusively on call 997 */ 998 static void 999 bsd4_remrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp) 1000 { 1001 struct rq *q; 1002 u_int32_t *which; 1003 u_int8_t pri; 1004 1005 KKASSERT(lp->lwp_flag & LWP_ONRUNQ); 1006 lp->lwp_flag &= ~LWP_ONRUNQ; 1007 --bsd4_runqcount; 1008 KKASSERT(bsd4_runqcount >= 0); 1009 1010 pri = lp->lwp_rqindex; 1011 switch(lp->lwp_rqtype) { 1012 case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL: 1013 q = &bsd4_queues[pri]; 1014 which = &bsd4_queuebits; 1015 break; 1016 case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME: 1017 case RTP_PRIO_FIFO: 1018 q = &bsd4_rtqueues[pri]; 1019 which = &bsd4_rtqueuebits; 1020 break; 1021 case RTP_PRIO_IDLE: 1022 q = &bsd4_idqueues[pri]; 1023 which = &bsd4_idqueuebits; 1024 break; 1025 default: 1026 panic("remrunqueue: invalid rtprio type"); 1027 /* NOT REACHED */ 1028 } 1029 TAILQ_REMOVE(q, lp, lwp_procq); 1030 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(q)) { 1031 KASSERT((*which & (1 << pri)) != 0, 1032 ("remrunqueue: remove from empty queue")); 1033 *which &= ~(1 << pri); 1034 } 1035 } 1036 1037 /* 1038 * bsd4_setrunqueue_locked() 1039 * 1040 * Add a process whos rqtype and rqindex had previously been calculated 1041 * onto the appropriate run queue. Determine if the addition requires 1042 * a reschedule on a cpu and return the cpuid or -1. 1043 * 1044 * NOTE: Lower priorities are better priorities. 1045 * 1046 * MPSAFE - bsd4_spin must be held exclusively on call 1047 */ 1048 static void 1049 bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp) 1050 { 1051 struct rq *q; 1052 u_int32_t *which; 1053 int pri; 1054 1055 KKASSERT((lp->lwp_flag & LWP_ONRUNQ) == 0); 1056 lp->lwp_flag |= LWP_ONRUNQ; 1057 ++bsd4_runqcount; 1058 1059 pri = lp->lwp_rqindex; 1060 1061 switch(lp->lwp_rqtype) { 1062 case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL: 1063 q = &bsd4_queues[pri]; 1064 which = &bsd4_queuebits; 1065 break; 1066 case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME: 1067 case RTP_PRIO_FIFO: 1068 q = &bsd4_rtqueues[pri]; 1069 which = &bsd4_rtqueuebits; 1070 break; 1071 case RTP_PRIO_IDLE: 1072 q = &bsd4_idqueues[pri]; 1073 which = &bsd4_idqueuebits; 1074 break; 1075 default: 1076 panic("remrunqueue: invalid rtprio type"); 1077 /* NOT REACHED */ 1078 } 1079 1080 /* 1081 * Add to the correct queue and set the appropriate bit. If no 1082 * lower priority (i.e. better) processes are in the queue then 1083 * we want a reschedule, calculate the best cpu for the job. 1084 * 1085 * Always run reschedules on the LWPs original cpu. 1086 */ 1087 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(q, lp, lwp_procq); 1088 *which |= 1 << pri; 1089 } 1090 1091 #ifdef SMP 1092 1093 /* 1094 * For SMP systems a user scheduler helper thread is created for each 1095 * cpu and is used to allow one cpu to wakeup another for the purposes of 1096 * scheduling userland threads from setrunqueue(). UP systems do not 1097 * need the helper since there is only one cpu. We can't use the idle 1098 * thread for this because we need to hold the MP lock. Additionally, 1099 * doing things this way allows us to HLT idle cpus on MP systems. 1100 * 1101 * MPSAFE 1102 */ 1103 static void 1104 sched_thread(void *dummy) 1105 { 1106 globaldata_t gd; 1107 bsd4_pcpu_t dd; 1108 struct lwp *nlp; 1109 cpumask_t cpumask; 1110 cpumask_t tmpmask; 1111 int cpuid; 1112 int tmpid; 1113 1114 gd = mycpu; 1115 cpuid = gd->gd_cpuid; /* doesn't change */ 1116 cpumask = 1 << cpuid; /* doesn't change */ 1117 dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpuid]; 1118 1119 /* 1120 * The scheduler thread does not need to hold the MP lock. Since we 1121 * are woken up only when no user processes are scheduled on a cpu, we 1122 * can run at an ultra low priority. 1123 */ 1124 rel_mplock(); 1125 lwkt_setpri_self(TDPRI_USER_SCHEDULER); 1126 1127 for (;;) { 1128 /* 1129 * We use the LWKT deschedule-interlock trick to avoid racing 1130 * bsd4_rdyprocmask. This means we cannot block through to the 1131 * manual lwkt_switch() call we make below. 1132 */ 1133 crit_enter_gd(gd); 1134 lwkt_deschedule_self(gd->gd_curthread); 1135 spin_lock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 1136 atomic_set_int(&bsd4_rdyprocmask, cpumask); 1137 if ((bsd4_curprocmask & cpumask) == 0) { 1138 if ((nlp = chooseproc_locked(NULL)) != NULL) { 1139 atomic_set_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, cpumask); 1140 dd->upri = nlp->lwp_priority; 1141 dd->uschedcp = nlp; 1142 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 1143 lwkt_acquire(nlp->lwp_thread); 1144 lwkt_schedule(nlp->lwp_thread); 1145 } else { 1146 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 1147 } 1148 } else { 1149 /* 1150 * Someone scheduled us but raced. In order to not lose 1151 * track of the fact that there may be a LWP ready to go, 1152 * forward the request to another cpu if available. 1153 * 1154 * Rotate through cpus starting with cpuid + 1. Since cpuid 1155 * is already masked out by gd_other_cpus, just use ~cpumask. 1156 */ 1157 tmpmask = ~bsd4_curprocmask & bsd4_rdyprocmask & 1158 mycpu->gd_other_cpus; 1159 if (tmpmask) { 1160 if (tmpmask & ~(cpumask - 1)) 1161 tmpid = bsfl(tmpmask & ~(cpumask - 1)); 1162 else 1163 tmpid = bsfl(tmpmask); 1164 bsd4_scancpu = tmpid; 1165 atomic_clear_int(&bsd4_rdyprocmask, 1 << tmpid); 1166 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 1167 lwkt_schedule(&bsd4_pcpu[tmpid].helper_thread); 1168 } else { 1169 spin_unlock_wr(&bsd4_spin); 1170 } 1171 } 1172 crit_exit_gd(gd); 1173 lwkt_switch(); 1174 } 1175 } 1176 1177 /* 1178 * Setup our scheduler helpers. Note that curprocmask bit 0 has already 1179 * been cleared by rqinit() and we should not mess with it further. 1180 */ 1181 static void 1182 sched_thread_cpu_init(void) 1183 { 1184 int i; 1185 1186 if (bootverbose) 1187 kprintf("start scheduler helpers on cpus:"); 1188 1189 for (i = 0; i < ncpus; ++i) { 1190 bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[i]; 1191 cpumask_t mask = 1 << i; 1192 1193 if ((mask & smp_active_mask) == 0) 1194 continue; 1195 1196 if (bootverbose) 1197 kprintf(" %d", i); 1198 1199 lwkt_create(sched_thread, NULL, NULL, &dd->helper_thread, 1200 TDF_STOPREQ, i, "usched %d", i); 1201 1202 /* 1203 * Allow user scheduling on the target cpu. cpu #0 has already 1204 * been enabled in rqinit(). 1205 */ 1206 if (i) 1207 atomic_clear_int(&bsd4_curprocmask, mask); 1208 atomic_set_int(&bsd4_rdyprocmask, mask); 1209 } 1210 if (bootverbose) 1211 kprintf("\n"); 1212 } 1213 SYSINIT(uschedtd, SI_BOOT2_USCHED, SI_ORDER_SECOND, 1214 sched_thread_cpu_init, NULL) 1215 1216 #endif 1217 1218