xref: /dragonfly/sys/sys/thread.h (revision b71f52a9)
1 /*
2  * SYS/THREAD.H
3  *
4  *	Implements the architecture independant portion of the LWKT
5  *	subsystem.
6  *
7  * Types which must already be defined when this header is included by
8  * userland:	struct md_thread
9  *
10  * $DragonFly: src/sys/sys/thread.h,v 1.97 2008/09/20 04:31:02 sephe Exp $
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef _SYS_THREAD_H_
14 #define _SYS_THREAD_H_
15 
16 #ifndef _SYS_STDINT_H_
17 #include <sys/stdint.h>		/* __int types */
18 #endif
19 #ifndef _SYS_PARAM_H_
20 #include <sys/param.h>		/* MAXCOMLEN */
21 #endif
22 #ifndef _SYS_QUEUE_H_
23 #include <sys/queue.h>		/* TAILQ_* macros */
24 #endif
25 #ifndef _SYS_MSGPORT_H_
26 #include <sys/msgport.h>	/* lwkt_port */
27 #endif
28 #ifndef _SYS_TIME_H_
29 #include <sys/time.h>   	/* struct timeval */
30 #endif
31 #ifndef _SYS_SPINLOCK_H_
32 #include <sys/spinlock.h>
33 #endif
34 #ifndef _MACHINE_THREAD_H_
35 #include <machine/thread.h>
36 #endif
37 
38 struct globaldata;
39 struct lwp;
40 struct proc;
41 struct thread;
42 struct lwkt_queue;
43 struct lwkt_token;
44 struct lwkt_tokref;
45 struct lwkt_ipiq;
46 struct lwkt_cpu_msg;
47 struct lwkt_cpu_port;
48 struct lwkt_msg;
49 struct lwkt_port;
50 struct lwkt_cpusync;
51 union sysunion;
52 
53 typedef struct lwkt_queue	*lwkt_queue_t;
54 typedef struct lwkt_token	*lwkt_token_t;
55 typedef struct lwkt_tokref	*lwkt_tokref_t;
56 typedef struct lwkt_cpu_msg	*lwkt_cpu_msg_t;
57 typedef struct lwkt_cpu_port	*lwkt_cpu_port_t;
58 typedef struct lwkt_ipiq	*lwkt_ipiq_t;
59 typedef struct lwkt_cpusync	*lwkt_cpusync_t;
60 typedef struct thread 		*thread_t;
61 
62 typedef TAILQ_HEAD(lwkt_queue, thread) lwkt_queue;
63 
64 /*
65  * Differentiation between kernel threads and user threads.  Userland
66  * programs which want to access to kernel structures have to define
67  * _KERNEL_STRUCTURES.  This is a kinda safety valve to prevent badly
68  * written user programs from getting an LWKT thread that is neither the
69  * kernel nor the user version.
70  */
71 #if defined(_KERNEL) || defined(_KERNEL_STRUCTURES)
72 #ifndef _MACHINE_THREAD_H_
73 #include <machine/thread.h>		/* md_thread */
74 #endif
75 #ifndef _MACHINE_FRAME_H_
76 #include <machine/frame.h>
77 #endif
78 #else
79 struct intrframe;
80 #endif
81 
82 /*
83  * Tokens are used to serialize access to information.  They are 'soft'
84  * serialization entities that only stay in effect while a thread is
85  * running.  If the thread blocks, other threads can run holding the same
86  * token(s).  The tokens are reacquired when the original thread resumes.
87  *
88  * A thread can depend on its serialization remaining intact through a
89  * preemption.  An interrupt which attempts to use the same token as the
90  * thread being preempted will reschedule itself for non-preemptive
91  * operation, so the new token code is capable of interlocking against
92  * interrupts as well as other cpus.  This means that your token can only
93  * be (temporarily) lost if you *explicitly* block.
94  *
95  * Tokens are managed through a helper reference structure, lwkt_tokref,
96  * which is typically declared on the caller's stack.  Multiple tokref's
97  * may reference the same token.
98  *
99  * It is possible to detect that your token was temporarily lost via
100  * lwkt_token_is_stale(), which uses the t_lastowner field.  This field
101  * does NOT necessarily represent the current owner and can become stale
102  * (not point to a valid structure).  It is used solely to detect
103  * whether the token was temporarily lost to another thread.  The lost
104  * state is cleared by the function.
105  */
106 
107 typedef struct lwkt_token {
108 #ifdef SMP
109     struct spinlock	t_spinlock;	/* Controls access */
110 #else
111     struct spinlock	t_unused01;
112 #endif
113     struct thread	*t_owner;	/* The current owner of the token */
114     int			t_count;	/* Per-thread count */
115     struct thread       *t_lastowner;	/* Last owner that acquired token */
116 } lwkt_token;
117 
118 #ifdef SMP
119 #define LWKT_TOKEN_INITIALIZER(head) \
120 { \
121 	.t_spinlock = SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER(head.t_spinlock), \
122 	.t_owner = NULL, \
123 	.t_lastowner = NULL, \
124 	.t_count = 0 \
125 }
126 #else
127 #define LWKT_TOKEN_INITIALIZER(head) \
128 { \
129 	.t_owner = NULL, \
130 	.t_lastowner = NULL, \
131 	.t_count = 0 \
132 }
133 #endif
134 
135 #define ASSERT_LWKT_TOKEN_HELD(token) \
136 	KKASSERT((token)->t_owner == curthread)
137 
138 typedef struct lwkt_tokref {
139     lwkt_token_t	tr_tok;		/* token in question */
140     lwkt_tokref_t	tr_next;	/* linked list */
141     int			tr_state;	/* 0 = don't have, 1 = have */
142 } lwkt_tokref;
143 
144 #define LWKT_TOKREF_INIT(tok)		\
145 			{ tok, NULL, 0 }
146 #define LWKT_TOKREF_DECLARE(name, tok)	\
147 			lwkt_tokref name = LWKT_TOKREF_INIT(tok)
148 
149 #define MAXCPUFIFO      16	/* power of 2 */
150 #define MAXCPUFIFO_MASK	(MAXCPUFIFO - 1)
151 #define LWKT_MAXTOKENS	16	/* max tokens beneficially held by thread */
152 
153 /*
154  * Always cast to ipifunc_t when registering an ipi.  The actual ipi function
155  * is called with both the data and an interrupt frame, but the ipi function
156  * that is registered might only declare a data argument.
157  */
158 typedef void (*ipifunc1_t)(void *arg);
159 typedef void (*ipifunc2_t)(void *arg, int arg2);
160 typedef void (*ipifunc3_t)(void *arg, int arg2, struct intrframe *frame);
161 
162 typedef struct lwkt_ipiq {
163     int		ip_rindex;      /* only written by target cpu */
164     int		ip_xindex;      /* written by target, indicates completion */
165     int		ip_windex;      /* only written by source cpu */
166     ipifunc3_t	ip_func[MAXCPUFIFO];
167     void	*ip_arg1[MAXCPUFIFO];
168     int		ip_arg2[MAXCPUFIFO];
169     u_int	ip_npoll;	/* synchronization to avoid excess IPIs */
170 } lwkt_ipiq;
171 
172 /*
173  * CPU Synchronization structure.  See lwkt_cpusync_start() and
174  * lwkt_cpusync_finish() for more information.
175  */
176 typedef void (*cpusync_func_t)(lwkt_cpusync_t poll);
177 typedef void (*cpusync_func2_t)(void *data);
178 
179 struct lwkt_cpusync {
180     cpusync_func_t cs_run_func;		/* run (tandem w/ acquire) */
181     cpusync_func_t cs_fin1_func;	/* fin1 (synchronized) */
182     cpusync_func2_t cs_fin2_func;	/* fin2 (tandem w/ release) */
183     void	*cs_data;
184     int		cs_maxcount;
185     volatile int cs_count;
186     cpumask_t	cs_mask;
187 };
188 
189 /*
190  * The standard message and queue structure used for communications between
191  * cpus.  Messages are typically queued via a machine-specific non-linked
192  * FIFO matrix allowing any cpu to send a message to any other cpu without
193  * blocking.
194  */
195 typedef struct lwkt_cpu_msg {
196     void	(*cm_func)(lwkt_cpu_msg_t msg);	/* primary dispatch function */
197     int		cm_code;		/* request code if applicable */
198     int		cm_cpu;			/* reply to cpu */
199     thread_t	cm_originator;		/* originating thread for wakeup */
200 } lwkt_cpu_msg;
201 
202 /*
203  * Thread structure.  Note that ownership of a thread structure is special
204  * cased and there is no 'token'.  A thread is always owned by the cpu
205  * represented by td_gd, any manipulation of the thread by some other cpu
206  * must be done through cpu_*msg() functions.  e.g. you could request
207  * ownership of a thread that way, or hand a thread off to another cpu.
208  *
209  * NOTE: td_pri is bumped by TDPRI_CRIT when entering a critical section,
210  * but this does not effect how the thread is scheduled by LWKT.
211  */
212 struct md_intr_info;
213 struct caps_kinfo;
214 
215 struct thread {
216     TAILQ_ENTRY(thread) td_threadq;
217     TAILQ_ENTRY(thread) td_allq;
218     TAILQ_ENTRY(thread) td_sleepq;
219     lwkt_port	td_msgport;	/* built-in message port for replies */
220     struct lwp	*td_lwp;	/* (optional) associated lwp */
221     struct proc	*td_proc;	/* (optional) associated process */
222     struct pcb	*td_pcb;	/* points to pcb and top of kstack */
223     struct globaldata *td_gd;	/* associated with this cpu */
224     const char	*td_wmesg;	/* string name for blockage */
225     void	*td_wchan;	/* waiting on channel */
226     int		td_pri;		/* 0-31, 31=highest priority (note 1) */
227     int		td_flags;	/* TDF flags */
228     int		td_wdomain;	/* domain for wchan address (typ 0) */
229     void	(*td_preemptable)(struct thread *td, int critpri);
230     void	(*td_release)(struct thread *td);
231     char	*td_kstack;	/* kernel stack */
232     int		td_kstack_size;	/* size of kernel stack */
233     char	*td_sp;		/* kernel stack pointer for LWKT restore */
234     void	(*td_switch)(struct thread *ntd);
235     __uint64_t	td_uticks;	/* Statclock hits in user mode (uS) */
236     __uint64_t	td_sticks;      /* Statclock hits in system mode (uS) */
237     __uint64_t	td_iticks;	/* Statclock hits processing intr (uS) */
238     int		td_locks;	/* lockmgr lock debugging */
239     int		td_unused01;
240     int		td_refs;	/* hold position in gd_tdallq / hold free */
241     int		td_nest_count;	/* prevent splz nesting */
242 #ifdef SMP
243     int		td_mpcount;	/* MP lock held (count) */
244     int		td_cscount;	/* cpu synchronization master */
245 #else
246     int		td_mpcount_unused;	/* filler so size matches */
247     int		td_cscount_unused;
248 #endif
249     struct timeval td_start;	/* start time for a thread/process */
250     char	td_comm[MAXCOMLEN+1]; /* typ 16+1 bytes */
251     struct thread *td_preempted; /* we preempted this thread */
252     struct caps_kinfo *td_caps;	/* list of client and server registrations */
253     lwkt_tokref_t td_toks;	/* tokens beneficially held */
254 #ifdef DEBUG_CRIT_SECTIONS
255 #define CRIT_DEBUG_ARRAY_SIZE   32
256 #define CRIT_DEBUG_ARRAY_MASK   (CRIT_DEBUG_ARRAY_SIZE - 1)
257     const char	*td_crit_debug_array[CRIT_DEBUG_ARRAY_SIZE];
258     int		td_crit_debug_index;
259     int		td_in_crit_report;
260 #endif
261     struct md_thread td_mach;
262 };
263 
264 /*
265  * Thread flags.  Note that TDF_RUNNING is cleared on the old thread after
266  * we switch to the new one, which is necessary because LWKTs don't need
267  * to hold the BGL.  This flag is used by the exit code and the managed
268  * thread migration code.  Note in addition that preemption will cause
269  * TDF_RUNNING to be cleared temporarily, so any code checking TDF_RUNNING
270  * must also check TDF_PREEMPT_LOCK.
271  *
272  * LWKT threads stay on their (per-cpu) run queue while running, not to
273  * be confused with user processes which are removed from the user scheduling
274  * run queue while actually running.
275  *
276  * td_threadq can represent the thread on one of three queues... the LWKT
277  * run queue, a tsleep queue, or an lwkt blocking queue.  The LWKT subsystem
278  * does not allow a thread to be scheduled if it already resides on some
279  * queue.
280  */
281 #define TDF_RUNNING		0x0001	/* thread still active */
282 #define TDF_RUNQ		0x0002	/* on an LWKT run queue */
283 #define TDF_PREEMPT_LOCK	0x0004	/* I have been preempted */
284 #define TDF_PREEMPT_DONE	0x0008	/* acknowledge preemption complete */
285 #define TDF_IDLE_NOHLT		0x0010	/* we need to spin */
286 #define TDF_MIGRATING		0x0020	/* thread is being migrated */
287 #define TDF_SINTR		0x0040	/* interruptability hint for 'ps' */
288 #define TDF_TSLEEPQ		0x0080	/* on a tsleep wait queue */
289 
290 #define TDF_SYSTHREAD		0x0100	/* allocations may use reserve */
291 #define TDF_ALLOCATED_THREAD	0x0200	/* objcache allocated thread */
292 #define TDF_ALLOCATED_STACK	0x0400	/* objcache allocated stack */
293 #define TDF_VERBOSE		0x0800	/* verbose on exit */
294 #define TDF_DEADLKTREAT		0x1000	/* special lockmgr deadlock treatment */
295 #define TDF_STOPREQ		0x2000	/* suspend_kproc */
296 #define TDF_WAKEREQ		0x4000	/* resume_kproc */
297 #define TDF_TIMEOUT		0x8000	/* tsleep timeout */
298 #define TDF_INTTHREAD		0x00010000	/* interrupt thread */
299 #define TDF_TSLEEP_DESCHEDULED	0x00020000	/* tsleep core deschedule */
300 #define TDF_BLOCKED		0x00040000	/* Thread is blocked */
301 #define TDF_PANICWARN		0x00080000	/* panic warning in switch */
302 #define TDF_BLOCKQ		0x00100000	/* on block queue */
303 #define TDF_MPSAFE		0x00200000	/* (thread creation) */
304 #define TDF_EXITING		0x00400000	/* thread exiting */
305 #define TDF_USINGFP		0x00800000	/* thread using fp coproc */
306 #define TDF_KERNELFP		0x01000000	/* kernel using fp coproc */
307 #define TDF_NETWORK		0x02000000	/* network proto thread */
308 
309 /*
310  * Thread priorities.  Typically only one thread from any given
311  * user process scheduling queue is on the LWKT run queue at a time.
312  * Remember that there is one LWKT run queue per cpu.
313  *
314  * Critical sections are handled by bumping td_pri above TDPRI_MAX, which
315  * causes interrupts to be masked as they occur.  When this occurs a
316  * rollup flag will be set in mycpu->gd_reqflags.
317  */
318 #define TDPRI_IDLE_THREAD	0	/* the idle thread */
319 #define TDPRI_USER_SCHEDULER	2	/* user scheduler helper */
320 #define TDPRI_USER_IDLE		4	/* user scheduler idle */
321 #define TDPRI_USER_NORM		6	/* user scheduler normal */
322 #define TDPRI_USER_REAL		8	/* user scheduler real time */
323 #define TDPRI_KERN_LPSCHED	9	/* scheduler helper for userland sch */
324 #define TDPRI_KERN_USER		10	/* kernel / block in syscall */
325 #define TDPRI_KERN_DAEMON	12	/* kernel daemon (pageout, etc) */
326 #define TDPRI_SOFT_NORM		14	/* kernel / normal */
327 #define TDPRI_SOFT_TIMER	16	/* kernel / timer */
328 #define TDPRI_EXITING		19	/* exiting thread */
329 #define TDPRI_INT_SUPPORT	20	/* kernel / high priority support */
330 #define TDPRI_INT_LOW		27	/* low priority interrupt */
331 #define TDPRI_INT_MED		28	/* medium priority interrupt */
332 #define TDPRI_INT_HIGH		29	/* high priority interrupt */
333 #define TDPRI_MAX		31
334 
335 #define TDPRI_MASK		31
336 #define TDPRI_CRIT		32	/* high bits of td_pri used for crit */
337 
338 #ifdef _KERNEL
339 #define LWKT_THREAD_STACK	(UPAGES * PAGE_SIZE)
340 #endif
341 
342 #define CACHE_NTHREADS		6
343 
344 #define IN_CRITICAL_SECT(td)	((td)->td_pri >= TDPRI_CRIT)
345 
346 extern void lwkt_init(void);
347 extern struct thread *lwkt_alloc_thread(struct thread *, int, int, int);
348 extern void lwkt_init_thread(struct thread *, void *, int, int,
349 			     struct globaldata *);
350 extern void lwkt_set_comm(thread_t, const char *, ...);
351 extern void lwkt_wait_free(struct thread *);
352 extern void lwkt_free_thread(struct thread *);
353 extern void lwkt_gdinit(struct globaldata *);
354 extern void lwkt_switch(void);
355 extern void lwkt_preempt(thread_t, int);
356 extern void lwkt_schedule(thread_t);
357 extern void lwkt_schedule_noresched(thread_t);
358 extern void lwkt_schedule_self(thread_t);
359 extern void lwkt_deschedule(thread_t);
360 extern void lwkt_deschedule_self(thread_t);
361 extern void lwkt_yield(void);
362 extern void lwkt_user_yield(void);
363 extern void lwkt_token_wait(void);
364 extern void lwkt_hold(thread_t);
365 extern void lwkt_rele(thread_t);
366 extern void lwkt_passive_release(thread_t);
367 
368 extern void lwkt_gettoken(lwkt_tokref_t, lwkt_token_t);
369 extern int lwkt_trytoken(lwkt_tokref_t, lwkt_token_t);
370 extern void lwkt_gettokref(lwkt_tokref_t);
371 extern int  lwkt_trytokref(lwkt_tokref_t);
372 extern void lwkt_reltoken(lwkt_tokref_t);
373 extern int  lwkt_getalltokens(thread_t);
374 extern void lwkt_relalltokens(thread_t);
375 extern void lwkt_drain_token_requests(void);
376 extern void lwkt_token_init(lwkt_token_t);
377 extern void lwkt_token_uninit(lwkt_token_t);
378 extern int  lwkt_token_is_stale(lwkt_tokref_t);
379 
380 extern void lwkt_token_pool_init(void);
381 extern lwkt_token_t lwkt_token_pool_get(void *);
382 
383 extern void lwkt_setpri(thread_t, int);
384 extern void lwkt_setpri_self(int);
385 extern int lwkt_check_resched(thread_t);
386 extern void lwkt_setcpu_self(struct globaldata *);
387 extern void lwkt_migratecpu(int);
388 
389 #ifdef SMP
390 
391 extern void lwkt_giveaway(struct thread *);
392 extern void lwkt_acquire(struct thread *);
393 extern int  lwkt_send_ipiq3(struct globaldata *, ipifunc3_t, void *, int);
394 extern int  lwkt_send_ipiq3_passive(struct globaldata *, ipifunc3_t,
395 				    void *, int);
396 extern int  lwkt_send_ipiq3_nowait(struct globaldata *, ipifunc3_t,
397 				   void *, int);
398 extern int  lwkt_send_ipiq3_bycpu(int, ipifunc3_t, void *, int);
399 extern int  lwkt_send_ipiq3_mask(cpumask_t, ipifunc3_t, void *, int);
400 extern void lwkt_wait_ipiq(struct globaldata *, int);
401 extern int  lwkt_seq_ipiq(struct globaldata *);
402 extern void lwkt_process_ipiq(void);
403 #ifdef _KERNEL
404 extern void lwkt_process_ipiq_frame(struct intrframe *);
405 #endif
406 extern void lwkt_smp_stopped(void);
407 extern void lwkt_synchronize_ipiqs(const char *);
408 
409 #endif /* SMP */
410 
411 extern void lwkt_cpusync_simple(cpumask_t, cpusync_func_t, void *);
412 extern void lwkt_cpusync_fastdata(cpumask_t, cpusync_func2_t, void *);
413 extern void lwkt_cpusync_start(cpumask_t, lwkt_cpusync_t);
414 extern void lwkt_cpusync_add(cpumask_t, lwkt_cpusync_t);
415 extern void lwkt_cpusync_finish(lwkt_cpusync_t);
416 
417 extern void crit_panic(void);
418 extern struct lwp *lwkt_preempted_proc(void);
419 
420 extern int  lwkt_create (void (*func)(void *), void *, struct thread **,
421 		         struct thread *, int, int, const char *, ...);
422 extern void lwkt_exit (void) __dead2;
423 extern void lwkt_remove_tdallq (struct thread *);
424 extern void lwkt_mp_lock_contested(void);
425 extern void lwkt_mp_lock_uncontested(void);
426 
427 #endif
428 
429