xref: /dragonfly/sys/vm/vm_zone.c (revision 1a05b9d1)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 John S. Dyson.  All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *	notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
9  *	this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Absolutely no warranty of function or purpose is made by the author
11  *	John S. Dyson.
12  *
13  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/vm/vm_zone.c,v 1.30.2.6 2002/10/10 19:50:16 dillon Exp $
14  *
15  * Copyright (c) 2003-2017,2019 The DragonFly Project.  All rights reserved.
16  *
17  * This code is derived from software contributed to The DragonFly Project
18  * by Matthew Dillon <dillon@backplane.com>
19  *
20  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
21  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
22  * are met:
23  *
24  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
25  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
26  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
27  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
28  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
29  *    distribution.
30  * 3. Neither the name of The DragonFly Project nor the names of its
31  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
32  *    from this software without specific, prior written permission.
33  *
34  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
35  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
36  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
37  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
38  * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
39  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
40  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
41  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
42  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
43  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
44  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
45  * SUCH DAMAGE.
46  */
47 
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/queue.h>
50 #include <sys/systm.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/lock.h>
53 #include <sys/malloc.h>
54 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
56 
57 #include <vm/vm.h>
58 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
59 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
60 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
61 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
62 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
63 #include <vm/vm_zone.h>
64 
65 #include <sys/spinlock2.h>
66 #include <vm/vm_page2.h>
67 
68 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_ZONE, "ZONE", "Zone header");
69 
70 #define	ZONE_ERROR_INVALID 0
71 #define	ZONE_ERROR_NOTFREE 1
72 #define	ZONE_ERROR_ALREADYFREE 2
73 
74 #define ZONE_ROUNDING	32
75 
76 #define	ZENTRY_FREE	0x12342378
77 
78 long zone_burst = 128;
79 
80 static void *zget(vm_zone_t z, int *tryagainp);
81 
82 /*
83  * Return an item from the specified zone.   This function is non-blocking for
84  * ZONE_INTERRUPT zones.
85  *
86  * No requirements.
87  */
88 void *
89 zalloc(vm_zone_t z)
90 {
91 	globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
92 	vm_zpcpu_t *zpcpu;
93 	void *item;
94 	int tryagain;
95 	long n;
96 
97 #ifdef INVARIANTS
98 	if (z == NULL)
99 		zerror(ZONE_ERROR_INVALID);
100 #endif
101 	zpcpu = &z->zpcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
102 retry:
103 	/*
104 	 * Avoid spinlock contention by allocating from a per-cpu queue
105 	 */
106 	if (zpcpu->zfreecnt > 0) {
107 		crit_enter_gd(gd);
108 		if (zpcpu->zfreecnt > 0) {
109 			item = zpcpu->zitems;
110 #ifdef INVARIANTS
111 			KASSERT(item != NULL,
112 				("zitems_pcpu unexpectedly NULL"));
113 			if (((void **)item)[1] != (void *)ZENTRY_FREE)
114 				zerror(ZONE_ERROR_NOTFREE);
115 			((void **)item)[1] = NULL;
116 #endif
117 			zpcpu->zitems = ((void **) item)[0];
118 			--zpcpu->zfreecnt;
119 			++zpcpu->znalloc;
120 			crit_exit_gd(gd);
121 
122 			return item;
123 		}
124 		crit_exit_gd(gd);
125 	}
126 
127 	/*
128 	 * Per-zone spinlock for the remainder.  Always load at least one
129 	 * item.
130 	 */
131 	spin_lock(&z->zspin);
132 	if (z->zfreecnt > z->zfreemin) {
133 		n = zone_burst;
134 		do {
135 			item = z->zitems;
136 #ifdef INVARIANTS
137 			KASSERT(item != NULL, ("zitems unexpectedly NULL"));
138 			if (((void **)item)[1] != (void *)ZENTRY_FREE)
139 				zerror(ZONE_ERROR_NOTFREE);
140 #endif
141 			z->zitems = ((void **)item)[0];
142 			--z->zfreecnt;
143 			((void **)item)[0] = zpcpu->zitems;
144 			zpcpu->zitems = item;
145 			++zpcpu->zfreecnt;
146 		} while (--n > 0 && z->zfreecnt > z->zfreemin);
147 		spin_unlock(&z->zspin);
148 		goto retry;
149 	} else {
150 		spin_unlock(&z->zspin);
151 		tryagain = 0;
152 		item = zget(z, &tryagain);
153 		if (tryagain)
154 			goto retry;
155 
156 		/*
157 		 * PANICFAIL allows the caller to assume that the zalloc()
158 		 * will always succeed.  If it doesn't, we panic here.
159 		 */
160 		if (item == NULL && (z->zflags & ZONE_PANICFAIL))
161 			panic("zalloc(%s) failed", z->zname);
162 	}
163 	return item;
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * Free an item to the specified zone.
168  *
169  * No requirements.
170  */
171 void
172 zfree(vm_zone_t z, void *item)
173 {
174 	globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
175 	vm_zpcpu_t *zpcpu;
176 	void *tail_item;
177 	long count;
178 	long zmax;
179 
180 	zpcpu = &z->zpcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
181 
182 	/*
183 	 * Avoid spinlock contention by freeing into a per-cpu queue
184 	 */
185 	zmax = z->zmax_pcpu;
186 	if (zmax < 1024)
187 		zmax = 1024;
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * Add to pcpu cache
191 	 */
192 	crit_enter_gd(gd);
193 	((void **)item)[0] = zpcpu->zitems;
194 #ifdef INVARIANTS
195 	if (((void **)item)[1] == (void *)ZENTRY_FREE)
196 		zerror(ZONE_ERROR_ALREADYFREE);
197 	((void **)item)[1] = (void *)ZENTRY_FREE;
198 #endif
199 	zpcpu->zitems = item;
200 	++zpcpu->zfreecnt;
201 
202 	if (zpcpu->zfreecnt < zmax) {
203 		crit_exit_gd(gd);
204 		return;
205 	}
206 
207 	/*
208 	 * Hystereis, move (zmax) (calculated below) items to the pool.
209 	 */
210 	zmax = zmax / 2;
211 	if (zmax > zone_burst)
212 		zmax = zone_burst;
213 	tail_item = item;
214 	count = 1;
215 
216 	while (count < zmax) {
217 		tail_item = ((void **)tail_item)[0];
218 		++count;
219 	}
220 	zpcpu->zitems = ((void **)tail_item)[0];
221 	zpcpu->zfreecnt -= count;
222 
223 	/*
224 	 * Per-zone spinlock for the remainder.
225 	 *
226 	 * Also implement hysteresis by freeing a number of pcpu
227 	 * entries.
228 	 */
229 	spin_lock(&z->zspin);
230 	((void **)tail_item)[0] = z->zitems;
231 	z->zitems = item;
232 	z->zfreecnt += count;
233 	spin_unlock(&z->zspin);
234 
235 	crit_exit_gd(gd);
236 }
237 
238 /*
239  * This file comprises a very simple zone allocator.  This is used
240  * in lieu of the malloc allocator, where needed or more optimal.
241  *
242  * Note that the initial implementation of this had coloring, and
243  * absolutely no improvement (actually perf degradation) occurred.
244  *
245  * Note also that the zones are type stable.  The only restriction is
246  * that the first two longwords of a data structure can be changed
247  * between allocations.  Any data that must be stable between allocations
248  * must reside in areas after the first two longwords.
249  *
250  * zinitna, zinit, zbootinit are the initialization routines.
251  * zalloc, zfree, are the allocation/free routines.
252  */
253 
254 LIST_HEAD(zlist, vm_zone) zlist = LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(zlist);
255 static int sysctl_vm_zone(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
256 static vm_pindex_t zone_kmem_pages, zone_kern_pages;
257 static long zone_kmem_kvaspace;
258 
259 /*
260  * Create a zone, but don't allocate the zone structure.  If the
261  * zone had been previously created by the zone boot code, initialize
262  * various parts of the zone code.
263  *
264  * If waits are not allowed during allocation (e.g. during interrupt
265  * code), a-priori allocate the kernel virtual space, and allocate
266  * only pages when needed.
267  *
268  * Arguments:
269  * z		pointer to zone structure.
270  * obj		pointer to VM object (opt).
271  * name		name of zone.
272  * size		size of zone entries.
273  * nentries	number of zone entries allocated (only ZONE_INTERRUPT.)
274  * flags	ZONE_INTERRUPT -- items can be allocated at interrupt time.
275  * zalloc	number of pages allocated when memory is needed.
276  *
277  * Note that when using ZONE_INTERRUPT, the size of the zone is limited
278  * by the nentries argument.  The size of the memory allocatable is
279  * unlimited if ZONE_INTERRUPT is not set.
280  *
281  * No requirements.
282  */
283 int
284 zinitna(vm_zone_t z, char *name, size_t size, long nentries, uint32_t flags)
285 {
286 	size_t totsize;
287 
288 	/*
289 	 * Only zones created with zinit() are destroyable.
290 	 */
291 	if (z->zflags & ZONE_DESTROYABLE)
292 		panic("zinitna: can't create destroyable zone");
293 
294 	/*
295 	 * NOTE: We can only adjust zsize if we previously did not
296 	 * 	 use zbootinit().
297 	 */
298 	if ((z->zflags & ZONE_BOOT) == 0) {
299 		z->zsize = roundup2(size, ZONE_ROUNDING);
300 		spin_init(&z->zspin, "zinitna");
301 		lockinit(&z->zgetlk, "zgetlk", 0, LK_CANRECURSE);
302 
303 		z->zfreecnt = 0;
304 		z->ztotal = 0;
305 		z->zmax = 0;
306 		z->zname = name;
307 		z->zitems = NULL;
308 
309 		lwkt_gettoken(&vm_token);
310 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&zlist, z, zlink);
311 		lwkt_reltoken(&vm_token);
312 
313 		bzero(z->zpcpu, sizeof(z->zpcpu));
314 	}
315 
316 	z->zkmvec = NULL;
317 	z->zkmcur = z->zkmmax = 0;
318 	z->zflags |= flags;
319 
320 	/*
321 	 * If we cannot wait, allocate KVA space up front, and we will fill
322 	 * in pages as needed.  This is particularly required when creating
323 	 * an allocation space for map entries in kernel_map, because we
324 	 * do not want to go into a recursion deadlock with
325 	 * vm_map_entry_reserve().
326 	 */
327 	if (z->zflags & ZONE_INTERRUPT) {
328 		totsize = round_page((size_t)z->zsize * nentries);
329 		atomic_add_long(&zone_kmem_kvaspace, totsize);
330 
331 		z->zkva = kmem_alloc_pageable(&kernel_map, totsize,
332 					      VM_SUBSYS_ZALLOC);
333 		if (z->zkva == 0) {
334 			LIST_REMOVE(z, zlink);
335 			return 0;
336 		}
337 
338 		z->zpagemax = totsize / PAGE_SIZE;
339 		z->zallocflag = VM_ALLOC_SYSTEM | VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT |
340 				VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY;
341 		z->zmax += nentries;
342 
343 		/*
344 		 * Set reasonable pcpu cache bounds.  Low-memory systems
345 		 * might try to cache too little, large-memory systems
346 		 * might try to cache more than necessarsy.
347 		 *
348 		 * In particular, pvzone can wind up being excessive and
349 		 * waste memory unnecessarily.
350 		 */
351 		z->zmax_pcpu = z->zmax / ncpus / 64;
352 		if (z->zmax_pcpu < 1024)
353 			z->zmax_pcpu = 1024;
354 		if (z->zmax_pcpu * z->zsize > 16*1024*1024)
355 			z->zmax_pcpu = 16*1024*1024 / z->zsize;
356 	} else {
357 		z->zallocflag = VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_SYSTEM;
358 		z->zmax = 0;
359 		z->zmax_pcpu = 8192;
360 	}
361 
362 
363 	if (z->zsize > PAGE_SIZE)
364 		z->zfreemin = 1;
365 	else
366 		z->zfreemin = PAGE_SIZE / z->zsize;
367 
368 	z->zpagecount = 0;
369 
370 	/*
371 	 * Reduce kernel_map spam by allocating in chunks.
372 	 */
373 	z->zalloc = ZONE_MAXPGLOAD;
374 
375 	/*
376 	 * Populate the interrrupt zone at creation time rather than
377 	 * on first allocation, as this is a potentially long operation.
378 	 */
379 	if (z->zflags & ZONE_INTERRUPT) {
380 		void *buf;
381 
382 		buf = zget(z, NULL);
383 		if (buf)
384 			zfree(z, buf);
385 	}
386 
387 	return 1;
388 }
389 
390 /*
391  * Subroutine same as zinitna, except zone data structure is allocated
392  * automatically by malloc.  This routine should normally be used, except
393  * in certain tricky startup conditions in the VM system -- then
394  * zbootinit and zinitna can be used.  Zinit is the standard zone
395  * initialization call.
396  *
397  * No requirements.
398  */
399 vm_zone_t
400 zinit(char *name, size_t size, long nentries, uint32_t flags)
401 {
402 	vm_zone_t z;
403 
404 	z = (vm_zone_t) kmalloc(sizeof (struct vm_zone), M_ZONE, M_NOWAIT);
405 	if (z == NULL)
406 		return NULL;
407 
408 	z->zflags = 0;
409 	if (zinitna(z, name, size, nentries, flags & ~ZONE_DESTROYABLE) == 0) {
410 		kfree(z, M_ZONE);
411 		return NULL;
412 	}
413 
414 	if (flags & ZONE_DESTROYABLE)
415 		z->zflags |= ZONE_DESTROYABLE;
416 
417 	return z;
418 }
419 
420 /*
421  * Initialize a zone before the system is fully up.  This routine should
422  * only be called before full VM startup.
423  *
424  * Called from the low level boot code only.
425  */
426 void
427 zbootinit(vm_zone_t z, char *name, size_t size, void *item, long nitems)
428 {
429 	long i;
430 
431 	spin_init(&z->zspin, "zbootinit");
432 	lockinit(&z->zgetlk, "zgetlk", 0, LK_CANRECURSE);
433 	bzero(z->zpcpu, sizeof(z->zpcpu));
434 	z->zname = name;
435 	z->zsize = size;
436 	z->zpagemax = 0;
437 	z->zflags = ZONE_BOOT;
438 	z->zfreemin = 0;
439 	z->zallocflag = 0;
440 	z->zpagecount = 0;
441 	z->zalloc = 0;
442 
443 	bzero(item, (size_t)nitems * z->zsize);
444 	z->zitems = NULL;
445 	for (i = 0; i < nitems; i++) {
446 		((void **)item)[0] = z->zitems;
447 #ifdef INVARIANTS
448 		((void **)item)[1] = (void *)ZENTRY_FREE;
449 #endif
450 		z->zitems = item;
451 		item = (uint8_t *)item + z->zsize;
452 	}
453 	z->zfreecnt = nitems;
454 	z->zmax = nitems;
455 	z->ztotal = nitems;
456 
457 	lwkt_gettoken(&vm_token);
458 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&zlist, z, zlink);
459 	lwkt_reltoken(&vm_token);
460 }
461 
462 /*
463  * Release all resources owned by zone created with zinit().
464  *
465  * No requirements.
466  */
467 void
468 zdestroy(vm_zone_t z)
469 {
470 	vm_pindex_t i;
471 
472 	if (z == NULL)
473 		panic("zdestroy: null zone");
474 	if ((z->zflags & ZONE_DESTROYABLE) == 0)
475 		panic("zdestroy: undestroyable zone");
476 
477 	lwkt_gettoken(&vm_token);
478 	LIST_REMOVE(z, zlink);
479 	lwkt_reltoken(&vm_token);
480 
481 	/*
482 	 * Release virtual mappings, physical memory and update sysctl stats.
483 	 */
484 	KKASSERT((z->zflags & ZONE_INTERRUPT) == 0);
485 	for (i = 0; i < z->zkmcur; i++) {
486 		kmem_free(&kernel_map, z->zkmvec[i],
487 			  (size_t)z->zalloc * PAGE_SIZE);
488 		atomic_subtract_long(&zone_kern_pages, z->zalloc);
489 	}
490 	if (z->zkmvec != NULL)
491 		kfree(z->zkmvec, M_ZONE);
492 
493 	spin_uninit(&z->zspin);
494 	kfree(z, M_ZONE);
495 }
496 
497 
498 /*
499  * void *zalloc(vm_zone_t zone) --
500  *	Returns an item from a specified zone.  May not be called from a
501  *	FAST interrupt or IPI function.
502  *
503  * void zfree(vm_zone_t zone, void *item) --
504  *	Frees an item back to a specified zone.  May not be called from a
505  *	FAST interrupt or IPI function.
506  */
507 
508 /*
509  * Internal zone routine.  Not to be called from external (non vm_zone) code.
510  *
511  * This function may return NULL.
512  *
513  * No requirements.
514  */
515 static void *
516 zget(vm_zone_t z, int *tryagainp)
517 {
518 	vm_page_t pgs[ZONE_MAXPGLOAD];
519 	vm_page_t m;
520 	long nitems;
521 	long savezpc;
522 	size_t nbytes;
523 	size_t noffset;
524 	void *item;
525 	vm_pindex_t npages;
526 	vm_pindex_t nalloc;
527 	vm_pindex_t i;
528 
529 	if (z == NULL)
530 		panic("zget: null zone");
531 
532 	/*
533 	 * We need an encompassing per-zone lock for zget() refills.
534 	 *
535 	 * Without this we wind up locking on the vm_map inside kmem_alloc*()
536 	 * prior to any entries actually being added to the zone, potentially
537 	 * exhausting the per-cpu cache of vm_map_entry's when multiple threads
538 	 * are blocked on the same lock on the same cpu.
539 	 */
540 	if ((z->zflags & ZONE_INTERRUPT) == 0) {
541 		if (lockmgr(&z->zgetlk, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_SLEEPFAIL)) {
542 			*tryagainp = 1;
543 			return NULL;
544 		}
545 	}
546 
547 	if (z->zflags & ZONE_INTERRUPT) {
548 		/*
549 		 * Interrupt zones do not mess with the kernel_map, they
550 		 * simply populate an existing mapping.
551 		 *
552 		 * First allocate as many pages as we can, stopping at
553 		 * our limit or if the page allocation fails.  Try to
554 		 * avoid exhausting the interrupt free minimum by backing
555 		 * off to normal page allocations after a certain point.
556 		 */
557 		for (i = 0; i < ZONE_MAXPGLOAD && i < z->zalloc; ++i) {
558 			if (i < 4) {
559 				m = vm_page_alloc(NULL,
560 						  mycpu->gd_rand_incr++,
561 						  z->zallocflag);
562 			} else {
563 				m = vm_page_alloc(NULL,
564 						  mycpu->gd_rand_incr++,
565 						  VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
566 						  VM_ALLOC_SYSTEM);
567 			}
568 			if (m == NULL)
569 				break;
570 			pgs[i] = m;
571 		}
572 		nalloc = i;
573 
574 		/*
575 		 * Account for the pages.
576 		 *
577 		 * NOTE! Do not allow overlap with a prior page as it
578 		 *	 may still be undergoing allocation on another
579 		 *	 cpu.
580 		 */
581 		spin_lock(&z->zspin);
582 		noffset = (size_t)z->zpagecount * PAGE_SIZE;
583 		/* noffset -= noffset % z->zsize; */
584 		savezpc = z->zpagecount;
585 
586 		/*
587 		 * Track total memory use and kmem offset.
588 		 */
589 		if (z->zpagecount + nalloc > z->zpagemax)
590 			z->zpagecount = z->zpagemax;
591 		else
592 			z->zpagecount += nalloc;
593 
594 		item = (char *)z->zkva + noffset;
595 		npages = z->zpagecount - savezpc;
596 		nitems = ((size_t)(savezpc + npages) * PAGE_SIZE - noffset) /
597 			 z->zsize;
598 		atomic_add_long(&zone_kmem_pages, npages);
599 		spin_unlock(&z->zspin);
600 
601 		/*
602 		 * Enter the pages into the reserved KVA space.
603 		 */
604 		for (i = 0; i < npages; ++i) {
605 			vm_offset_t zkva;
606 
607 			m = pgs[i];
608 			KKASSERT(m->queue == PQ_NONE);
609 			m->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
610 			vm_page_wire(m);
611 			vm_page_wakeup(m);
612 
613 			zkva = z->zkva + (size_t)(savezpc + i) * PAGE_SIZE;
614 			pmap_kenter(zkva, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
615 			bzero((void *)zkva, PAGE_SIZE);
616 		}
617 		for (i = npages; i < nalloc; ++i) {
618 			m = pgs[i];
619 			vm_page_free(m);
620 		}
621 	} else if (z->zflags & ZONE_SPECIAL) {
622 		/*
623 		 * The special zone is the one used for vm_map_entry_t's.
624 		 * We have to avoid an infinite recursion in
625 		 * vm_map_entry_reserve() by using vm_map_entry_kreserve()
626 		 * instead.  The map entries are pre-reserved by the kernel
627 		 * by vm_map_entry_reserve_cpu_init().
628 		 */
629 		nbytes = (size_t)z->zalloc * PAGE_SIZE;
630 		z->zpagecount += z->zalloc;	/* Track total memory use */
631 
632 		item = (void *)kmem_alloc3(&kernel_map, nbytes,
633 					   VM_SUBSYS_ZALLOC, KM_KRESERVE);
634 
635 		/* note: z might be modified due to blocking */
636 		if (item != NULL) {
637 			atomic_add_long(&zone_kern_pages, z->zalloc);
638 			bzero(item, nbytes);
639 		} else {
640 			nbytes = 0;
641 		}
642 		nitems = nbytes / z->zsize;
643 	} else {
644 		/*
645 		 * Otherwise allocate KVA from the kernel_map.
646 		 */
647 		nbytes = (size_t)z->zalloc * PAGE_SIZE;
648 		z->zpagecount += z->zalloc;	/* Track total memory use */
649 
650 		item = (void *)kmem_alloc3(&kernel_map, nbytes,
651 					   VM_SUBSYS_ZALLOC, 0);
652 
653 		/* note: z might be modified due to blocking */
654 		if (item != NULL) {
655 			atomic_add_long(&zone_kern_pages, z->zalloc);
656 			bzero(item, nbytes);
657 
658 			if (z->zflags & ZONE_DESTROYABLE) {
659 				if (z->zkmcur == z->zkmmax) {
660 					z->zkmmax =
661 						z->zkmmax==0 ? 1 : z->zkmmax*2;
662 					z->zkmvec = krealloc(z->zkmvec,
663 					    z->zkmmax * sizeof(z->zkmvec[0]),
664 					    M_ZONE, M_WAITOK);
665 				}
666 				z->zkmvec[z->zkmcur++] = (vm_offset_t)item;
667 			}
668 		} else {
669 			nbytes = 0;
670 		}
671 		nitems = nbytes / z->zsize;
672 	}
673 
674 	/*
675 	 * Enter any new pages into the pool, reserving one, or get the
676 	 * item from the existing pool.
677 	 */
678 	spin_lock(&z->zspin);
679 	z->ztotal += nitems;
680 
681 	/*
682 	 * The zone code may need to allocate kernel memory, which can
683 	 * recurse zget() infinitely if we do not handle it properly.
684 	 * We deal with this by directly repopulating the pcpu vm_map_entry
685 	 * cache.
686 	 */
687 	if (nitems > 1 && (z->zflags & ZONE_SPECIAL)) {
688 		struct globaldata *gd = mycpu;
689 		vm_map_entry_t entry;
690 
691 		/*
692 		 * Make sure we have enough structures in gd_vme_base to handle
693 		 * the reservation request.
694 		 *
695 		 * The critical section protects access to the per-cpu gd.
696 		 */
697 		crit_enter();
698 		while (gd->gd_vme_avail < 2 && nitems > 1) {
699 			entry = item;
700 			MAPENT_FREELIST(entry) = gd->gd_vme_base;
701 			gd->gd_vme_base = entry;
702 			atomic_add_int(&gd->gd_vme_avail, 1);
703 			item = (uint8_t *)item + z->zsize;
704 			--nitems;
705 		}
706 		crit_exit();
707 	}
708 
709 	if (nitems != 0) {
710 		/*
711 		 * Enter pages into the pool saving one for immediate
712 		 * allocation.
713 		 */
714 		nitems -= 1;
715 		for (i = 0; i < nitems; i++) {
716 			((void **)item)[0] = z->zitems;
717 #ifdef INVARIANTS
718 			((void **)item)[1] = (void *)ZENTRY_FREE;
719 #endif
720 			z->zitems = item;
721 			item = (uint8_t *)item + z->zsize;
722 		}
723 		z->zfreecnt += nitems;
724 		++z->znalloc;
725 	} else if (z->zfreecnt > 0) {
726 		/*
727 		 * Get an item from the existing pool.
728 		 */
729 		item = z->zitems;
730 		z->zitems = ((void **)item)[0];
731 #ifdef INVARIANTS
732 		if (((void **)item)[1] != (void *)ZENTRY_FREE)
733 			zerror(ZONE_ERROR_NOTFREE);
734 		((void **) item)[1] = NULL;
735 #endif
736 		--z->zfreecnt;
737 		++z->znalloc;
738 	} else {
739 		/*
740 		 * No items available.
741 		 */
742 		item = NULL;
743 	}
744 	spin_unlock(&z->zspin);
745 
746 	/*
747 	 * Release the per-zone global lock after the items have been
748 	 * added.  Any other threads blocked in zget()'s zgetlk will
749 	 * then retry rather than potentially exhaust the per-cpu cache
750 	 * of vm_map_entry structures doing their own kmem_alloc() calls,
751 	 * or allocating excessive amounts of space unnecessarily.
752 	 */
753 	if ((z->zflags & ZONE_INTERRUPT) == 0)
754 		lockmgr(&z->zgetlk, LK_RELEASE);
755 
756 	return item;
757 }
758 
759 /*
760  * No requirements.
761  */
762 static int
763 sysctl_vm_zone(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
764 {
765 	vm_zone_t curzone;
766 	char tmpbuf[128];
767 	char tmpname[14];
768 	int error = 0;
769 
770 	ksnprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf),
771 	    "\nITEM            SIZE     LIMIT    USED    FREE  REQUESTS\n");
772 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, tmpbuf, strlen(tmpbuf));
773 	if (error)
774 		return (error);
775 
776 	lwkt_gettoken(&vm_token);
777 	LIST_FOREACH(curzone, &zlist, zlink) {
778 		size_t i;
779 		size_t len;
780 		int offset;
781 		long freecnt;
782 		long znalloc;
783 		int n;
784 
785 		len = strlen(curzone->zname);
786 		if (len >= (sizeof(tmpname) - 1))
787 			len = (sizeof(tmpname) - 1);
788 		for(i = 0; i < sizeof(tmpname) - 1; i++)
789 			tmpname[i] = ' ';
790 		tmpname[i] = 0;
791 		memcpy(tmpname, curzone->zname, len);
792 		tmpname[len] = ':';
793 		offset = 0;
794 		if (curzone == LIST_FIRST(&zlist)) {
795 			offset = 1;
796 			tmpbuf[0] = '\n';
797 		}
798 		freecnt = curzone->zfreecnt;
799 		znalloc = curzone->znalloc;
800 		for (n = 0; n < ncpus; ++n) {
801 			freecnt += curzone->zpcpu[n].zfreecnt;
802 			znalloc += curzone->zpcpu[n].znalloc;
803 		}
804 
805 		ksnprintf(tmpbuf + offset, sizeof(tmpbuf) - offset,
806 			"%s %6.6lu, %8.8lu, %6.6lu, %6.6lu, %8.8lu\n",
807 			tmpname, curzone->zsize, curzone->zmax,
808 			(curzone->ztotal - freecnt),
809 			freecnt, znalloc);
810 
811 		len = strlen((char *)tmpbuf);
812 		if (LIST_NEXT(curzone, zlink) == NULL)
813 			tmpbuf[len - 1] = 0;
814 
815 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, tmpbuf, len);
816 
817 		if (error)
818 			break;
819 	}
820 	lwkt_reltoken(&vm_token);
821 	return (error);
822 }
823 
824 #if defined(INVARIANTS)
825 
826 /*
827  * Debugging only.
828  */
829 void
830 zerror(int error)
831 {
832 	char *msg;
833 
834 	switch (error) {
835 	case ZONE_ERROR_INVALID:
836 		msg = "zone: invalid zone";
837 		break;
838 	case ZONE_ERROR_NOTFREE:
839 		msg = "zone: entry not free";
840 		break;
841 	case ZONE_ERROR_ALREADYFREE:
842 		msg = "zone: freeing free entry";
843 		break;
844 	default:
845 		msg = "zone: invalid error";
846 		break;
847 	}
848 	panic("%s", msg);
849 }
850 #endif
851 
852 SYSCTL_OID(_vm, OID_AUTO, zone, CTLTYPE_STRING|CTLFLAG_RD, \
853 	NULL, 0, sysctl_vm_zone, "A", "Zone Info");
854 
855 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm, OID_AUTO, zone_kmem_pages,
856 	CTLFLAG_RD, &zone_kmem_pages, 0, "Number of interrupt safe pages allocated by zone");
857 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm, OID_AUTO, zone_burst,
858 	CTLFLAG_RW, &zone_burst, 0, "Burst from depot to pcpu cache");
859 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm, OID_AUTO, zone_kmem_kvaspace,
860 	CTLFLAG_RD, &zone_kmem_kvaspace, 0, "KVA space allocated by zone");
861 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm, OID_AUTO, zone_kern_pages,
862 	CTLFLAG_RD, &zone_kern_pages, 0, "Number of non-interrupt safe pages allocated by zone");
863