xref: /dragonfly/sys/vm/vnode_pager.c (revision de78d61c)
1 /*
2  * (MPSAFE)
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990 University of Utah.
5  * Copyright (c) 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994 John S. Dyson
8  * Copyright (c) 1995, David Greenman
9  *
10  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
11  * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
12  * Science Department.
13  *
14  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
15  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16  * are met:
17  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
19  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
20  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
21  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
22  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
24  *    without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  *
38  *	from: @(#)vnode_pager.c	7.5 (Berkeley) 4/20/91
39  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/vm/vnode_pager.c,v 1.116.2.7 2002/12/31 09:34:51 dillon Exp $
40  */
41 
42 /*
43  * Page to/from files (vnodes).
44  */
45 
46 /*
47  * TODO:
48  *	Implement VOP_GETPAGES/PUTPAGES interface for filesystems. Will
49  *	greatly re-simplify the vnode_pager.
50  */
51 
52 #include <sys/param.h>
53 #include <sys/systm.h>
54 #include <sys/kernel.h>
55 #include <sys/proc.h>
56 #include <sys/vnode.h>
57 #include <sys/mount.h>
58 #include <sys/buf.h>
59 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
60 #include <sys/conf.h>
61 
62 #include <cpu/lwbuf.h>
63 
64 #include <vm/vm.h>
65 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
66 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
68 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
69 #include <vm/vnode_pager.h>
70 #include <vm/swap_pager.h>
71 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
72 
73 #include <vm/vm_page2.h>
74 
75 static void vnode_pager_dealloc (vm_object_t);
76 static int vnode_pager_getpage (vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int);
77 static void vnode_pager_putpages (vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int, int, int *);
78 static boolean_t vnode_pager_haspage (vm_object_t, vm_pindex_t);
79 
80 struct pagerops vnodepagerops = {
81 	vnode_pager_dealloc,
82 	vnode_pager_getpage,
83 	vnode_pager_putpages,
84 	vnode_pager_haspage
85 };
86 
87 static struct krate vbadrate = { 1 };
88 static struct krate vresrate = { 1 };
89 
90 long vnode_pbuf_freecnt = -1;	/* start out unlimited */
91 
92 /*
93  * Allocate a VM object for a vnode, typically a regular file vnode.
94  *
95  * Some additional information is required to generate a properly sized
96  * object which covers the entire buffer cache buffer straddling the file
97  * EOF.  Userland does not see the extra pages as the VM fault code tests
98  * against v_filesize.
99  */
100 vm_object_t
101 vnode_pager_alloc(void *handle, off_t length, vm_prot_t prot, off_t offset,
102 		  int blksize, int boff)
103 {
104 	vm_object_t object;
105 	struct vnode *vp;
106 	off_t loffset;
107 	vm_pindex_t lsize;
108 
109 	/*
110 	 * Pageout to vnode, no can do yet.
111 	 */
112 	if (handle == NULL)
113 		return (NULL);
114 
115 	/*
116 	 * XXX hack - This initialization should be put somewhere else.
117 	 */
118 	if (vnode_pbuf_freecnt < 0) {
119 	    vnode_pbuf_freecnt = nswbuf_kva / 2 + 1;
120 	}
121 
122 	/*
123 	 * Serialize potential vnode/object teardowns and interlocks
124 	 */
125 	vp = (struct vnode *)handle;
126 	lwkt_gettoken(&vp->v_token);
127 
128 	/*
129 	 * If the object is being terminated, wait for it to
130 	 * go away.
131 	 */
132 	object = vp->v_object;
133 	if (object) {
134 		vm_object_hold(object);
135 		KKASSERT((object->flags & OBJ_DEAD) == 0);
136 	}
137 
138 	if (VREFCNT(vp) <= 0)
139 		panic("vnode_pager_alloc: no vnode reference");
140 
141 	/*
142 	 * Round up to the *next* block, then destroy the buffers in question.
143 	 * Since we are only removing some of the buffers we must rely on the
144 	 * scan count to determine whether a loop is necessary.
145 	 *
146 	 * Destroy any pages beyond the last buffer.
147 	 */
148 	if (boff < 0)
149 		boff = (int)(length % blksize);
150 	if (boff)
151 		loffset = length + (blksize - boff);
152 	else
153 		loffset = length;
154 	lsize = OFF_TO_IDX(round_page64(loffset));
155 
156 	if (object == NULL) {
157 		/*
158 		 * And an object of the appropriate size
159 		 */
160 		object = vm_object_allocate_hold(OBJT_VNODE, lsize);
161 		object->handle = handle;
162 		vp->v_object = object;
163 		vp->v_filesize = length;
164 		if (vp->v_mount && (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_NOMSYNC))
165 			vm_object_set_flag(object, OBJ_NOMSYNC);
166 		vref(vp);
167 	} else {
168 		vm_object_reference_quick(object);	/* also vref's */
169 		if (object->size != lsize) {
170 			kprintf("vnode_pager_alloc: Warning, objsize "
171 				"mismatch %jd/%jd vp=%p obj=%p\n",
172 				(intmax_t)object->size,
173 				(intmax_t)lsize,
174 				vp, object);
175 		}
176 		if (vp->v_filesize != length) {
177 			kprintf("vnode_pager_alloc: Warning, filesize "
178 				"mismatch %jd/%jd vp=%p obj=%p\n",
179 				(intmax_t)vp->v_filesize,
180 				(intmax_t)length,
181 				vp, object);
182 		}
183 	}
184 	vm_object_drop(object);
185 	lwkt_reltoken(&vp->v_token);
186 
187 	return (object);
188 }
189 
190 /*
191  * Add a ref to a vnode's existing VM object, return the object or
192  * NULL if the vnode did not have one.  This does not create the
193  * object (we can't since we don't know what the proper blocksize/boff
194  * is to match the VFS's use of the buffer cache).
195  *
196  * The vnode must be referenced and is typically open.  The object should
197  * be stable in this situation.
198  *
199  * Returns the object with an additional reference but not locked.
200  */
201 vm_object_t
202 vnode_pager_reference(struct vnode *vp)
203 {
204 	vm_object_t object;
205 
206 	if ((object = vp->v_object) != NULL)
207 		vm_object_reference_quick(object); /* also vref's vnode */
208 	return (object);
209 }
210 
211 static void
212 vnode_pager_dealloc(vm_object_t object)
213 {
214 	struct vnode *vp = object->handle;
215 
216 	if (vp == NULL)
217 		panic("vnode_pager_dealloc: pager already dealloced");
218 
219 	vm_object_pip_wait(object, "vnpdea");
220 
221 	object->handle = NULL;
222 	object->type = OBJT_DEAD;
223 	vp->v_object = NULL;
224 	vp->v_filesize = NOOFFSET;
225 	vclrflags(vp, VTEXT | VOBJBUF);
226 	swap_pager_freespace_all(object);
227 }
228 
229 /*
230  * Return whether the vnode pager has the requested page.
231  */
232 static boolean_t
233 vnode_pager_haspage(vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t pindex)
234 {
235 	struct vnode *vp = object->handle;
236 	off_t loffset;
237 	off_t doffset;
238 	int voff;
239 	int bsize;
240 	int error;
241 
242 	/*
243 	 * If no vp or vp is doomed or marked transparent to VM, we do not
244 	 * have the page.
245 	 */
246 	if ((vp == NULL) || (vp->v_flag & VRECLAIMED))
247 		return FALSE;
248 
249 	/*
250 	 * If filesystem no longer mounted or offset beyond end of file we do
251 	 * not have the page.
252 	 */
253 	loffset = IDX_TO_OFF(pindex);
254 
255 	if (vp->v_mount == NULL || loffset >= vp->v_filesize)
256 		return FALSE;
257 
258 	bsize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
259 	voff = loffset % bsize;
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * XXX (obsolete - before and after pointers are now NULL)
263 	 *
264 	 * BMAP returns byte counts before and after, where after
265 	 * is inclusive of the base page.  haspage must return page
266 	 * counts before and after where after does not include the
267 	 * base page.
268 	 *
269 	 * BMAP is allowed to return a *after of 0 for backwards
270 	 * compatibility.  The base page is still considered valid if
271 	 * no error is returned.
272 	 */
273 	error = VOP_BMAP(vp, loffset - voff, &doffset, NULL, NULL, 0);
274 	if (error)
275 		return TRUE;
276 	if (doffset == NOOFFSET)
277 		return FALSE;
278 	return TRUE;
279 }
280 
281 /*
282  * Lets the VM system know about a change in size for a file.
283  * We adjust our own internal size and flush any cached pages in
284  * the associated object that are affected by the size change.
285  *
286  * NOTE: This routine may be invoked as a result of a pager put
287  * operation (possibly at object termination time), so we must be careful.
288  *
289  * NOTE: vp->v_filesize is initialized to NOOFFSET (-1), be sure that
290  * we do not blow up on the case.  nsize will always be >= 0, however.
291  */
292 void
293 vnode_pager_setsize(struct vnode *vp, vm_ooffset_t nsize)
294 {
295 	vm_pindex_t nobjsize;
296 	vm_pindex_t oobjsize;
297 	vm_object_t object;
298 
299 	object = vp->v_object;
300 	if (object == NULL)
301 		return;
302 	vm_object_hold(object);
303 	KKASSERT(vp->v_object == object);
304 
305 	/*
306 	 * Hasn't changed size
307 	 */
308 	if (nsize == vp->v_filesize) {
309 		vm_object_drop(object);
310 		return;
311 	}
312 
313 	/*
314 	 * Has changed size.  Adjust the VM object's size and v_filesize
315 	 * before we start scanning pages to prevent new pages from being
316 	 * allocated during the scan.
317 	 */
318 	nobjsize = OFF_TO_IDX(nsize + PAGE_MASK);
319 	oobjsize = object->size;
320 	object->size = nobjsize;
321 
322 	/*
323 	 * File has shrunk. Toss any cached pages beyond the new EOF.
324 	 */
325 	if (nsize < vp->v_filesize) {
326 		vp->v_filesize = nsize;
327 		if (nobjsize < oobjsize) {
328 			vm_object_page_remove(object, nobjsize, oobjsize,
329 					      FALSE);
330 		}
331 		/*
332 		 * This gets rid of garbage at the end of a page that is now
333 		 * only partially backed by the vnode.  Since we are setting
334 		 * the entire page valid & clean after we are done we have
335 		 * to be sure that the portion of the page within the file
336 		 * bounds is already valid.  If it isn't then making it
337 		 * valid would create a corrupt block.
338 		 */
339 		if (nsize & PAGE_MASK) {
340 			vm_offset_t kva;
341 			vm_page_t m;
342 
343 			m = vm_page_lookup_busy_wait(object, OFF_TO_IDX(nsize),
344 						     TRUE, "vsetsz");
345 
346 			if (m && m->valid) {
347 				int base = (int)nsize & PAGE_MASK;
348 				int size = PAGE_SIZE - base;
349 				struct lwbuf *lwb;
350 				struct lwbuf lwb_cache;
351 
352 				/*
353 				 * Clear out partial-page garbage in case
354 				 * the page has been mapped.
355 				 *
356 				 * This is byte aligned.
357 				 */
358 				lwb = lwbuf_alloc(m, &lwb_cache);
359 				kva = lwbuf_kva(lwb);
360 				bzero((caddr_t)kva + base, size);
361 				lwbuf_free(lwb);
362 
363 				/*
364 				 * XXX work around SMP data integrity race
365 				 * by unmapping the page from user processes.
366 				 * The garbage we just cleared may be mapped
367 				 * to a user process running on another cpu
368 				 * and this code is not running through normal
369 				 * I/O channels which handle SMP issues for
370 				 * us, so unmap page to synchronize all cpus.
371 				 *
372 				 * XXX should vm_pager_unmap_page() have
373 				 * dealt with this?
374 				 */
375 				vm_page_protect(m, VM_PROT_NONE);
376 
377 				/*
378 				 * Clear out partial-page dirty bits.  This
379 				 * has the side effect of setting the valid
380 				 * bits, but that is ok.  There are a bunch
381 				 * of places in the VM system where we expected
382 				 * m->dirty == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL.  The file EOF
383 				 * case is one of them.  If the page is still
384 				 * partially dirty, make it fully dirty.
385 				 *
386 				 * NOTE: We do not clear out the valid
387 				 * bits.  This would prevent bogus_page
388 				 * replacement from working properly.
389 				 *
390 				 * NOTE: We do not want to clear the dirty
391 				 * bit for a partial DEV_BSIZE'd truncation!
392 				 * This is DEV_BSIZE aligned!
393 				 */
394 				vm_page_clear_dirty_beg_nonincl(m, base, size);
395 				if (m->dirty != 0)
396 					m->dirty = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
397 				vm_page_wakeup(m);
398 			} else if (m) {
399 				vm_page_wakeup(m);
400 			}
401 		}
402 	} else {
403 		vp->v_filesize = nsize;
404 	}
405 	vm_object_drop(object);
406 }
407 
408 /*
409  * Release a page busied for a getpages operation.  The page may have become
410  * wired (typically due to being used by the buffer cache) or otherwise been
411  * soft-busied and cannot be freed in that case.  A held page can still be
412  * freed.
413  */
414 void
415 vnode_pager_freepage(vm_page_t m)
416 {
417 	if ((m->busy_count & PBUSY_MASK) ||
418 	    m->wire_count ||
419 	    (m->flags & PG_NEED_COMMIT)) {
420 		vm_page_activate(m);
421 		vm_page_wakeup(m);
422 	} else {
423 		vm_page_free(m);
424 	}
425 }
426 
427 /*
428  * EOPNOTSUPP is no longer legal.  For local media VFS's that do not
429  * implement their own VOP_GETPAGES, their VOP_GETPAGES should call to
430  * vnode_pager_generic_getpages() to implement the previous behaviour.
431  *
432  * All other FS's should use the bypass to get to the local media
433  * backing vp's VOP_GETPAGES.
434  */
435 static int
436 vnode_pager_getpage(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *mpp, int seqaccess)
437 {
438 	int rtval;
439 	struct vnode *vp;
440 
441 	vp = object->handle;
442 	rtval = VOP_GETPAGES(vp, mpp, PAGE_SIZE, 0, 0, seqaccess);
443 	if (rtval == EOPNOTSUPP)
444 		panic("vnode_pager: vfs's must implement vop_getpages");
445 	return rtval;
446 }
447 
448 /*
449  * This is now called from local media FS's to operate against their
450  * own vnodes if they fail to implement VOP_GETPAGES.
451  *
452  * With all the caching local media devices do these days there is really
453  * very little point to attempting to restrict the I/O size to contiguous
454  * blocks on-disk, especially if our caller thinks we need all the specified
455  * pages.  Just construct and issue a READ.
456  */
457 int
458 vnode_pager_generic_getpages(struct vnode *vp, vm_page_t *mpp, int bytecount,
459 			     int reqpage, int seqaccess)
460 {
461 	struct iovec aiov;
462 	struct uio auio;
463 	off_t foff;
464 	int error;
465 	int count;
466 	int i;
467 	int ioflags;
468 	int obytecount;
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * Do not do anything if the vnode is bad.
472 	 */
473 	if (vp->v_mount == NULL)
474 		return VM_PAGER_BAD;
475 
476 	/*
477 	 * Calculate the number of pages.  Since we are paging in whole
478 	 * pages, adjust bytecount to be an integral multiple of the page
479 	 * size.  It will be clipped to the file EOF later on.
480 	 */
481 	bytecount = round_page(bytecount);
482 	count = bytecount / PAGE_SIZE;
483 
484 	/*
485 	 * We could check m[reqpage]->valid here and shortcut the operation,
486 	 * but doing so breaks read-ahead.  Instead assume that the VM
487 	 * system has already done at least the check, don't worry about
488 	 * any races, and issue the VOP_READ to allow read-ahead to function.
489 	 *
490 	 * This keeps the pipeline full for I/O bound sequentially scanned
491 	 * mmap()'s
492 	 */
493 	/* don't shortcut */
494 
495 	/*
496 	 * Discard pages past the file EOF.  If the requested page is past
497 	 * the file EOF we just leave its valid bits set to 0, the caller
498 	 * expects to maintain ownership of the requested page.  If the
499 	 * entire range is past file EOF discard everything and generate
500 	 * a pagein error.
501 	 */
502 	foff = IDX_TO_OFF(mpp[0]->pindex);
503 	if (foff >= vp->v_filesize) {
504 		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
505 			if (i != reqpage)
506 				vnode_pager_freepage(mpp[i]);
507 		}
508 		return VM_PAGER_ERROR;
509 	}
510 
511 	if (foff + bytecount > vp->v_filesize) {
512 		bytecount = vp->v_filesize - foff;
513 		i = round_page(bytecount) / PAGE_SIZE;
514 		while (count > i) {
515 			--count;
516 			if (count != reqpage)
517 				vnode_pager_freepage(mpp[count]);
518 		}
519 	}
520 
521 	/*
522 	 * The size of the transfer is bytecount.  bytecount will be an
523 	 * integral multiple of the page size unless it has been clipped
524 	 * to the file EOF.  The transfer cannot exceed the file EOF.
525 	 *
526 	 * When dealing with real devices we must round-up to the device
527 	 * sector size.
528 	 */
529 	if (vp->v_type == VBLK || vp->v_type == VCHR) {
530 		int secmask = vp->v_rdev->si_bsize_phys - 1;
531 		KASSERT(secmask < PAGE_SIZE, ("vnode_pager_generic_getpages: sector size %d too large", secmask + 1));
532 		bytecount = (bytecount + secmask) & ~secmask;
533 	}
534 	obytecount = bytecount;
535 
536 	/*
537 	 * Severe hack to avoid deadlocks with the buffer cache
538 	 */
539 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
540 		vm_page_t mt = mpp[i];
541 
542 		vm_page_io_start(mt);
543 		vm_page_wakeup(mt);
544 	}
545 
546 	/*
547 	 * Issue the I/O with some read-ahead if bytecount > PAGE_SIZE
548 	 */
549 	ioflags = IO_VMIO;
550 	if (seqaccess)
551 		ioflags |= IO_SEQMAX << IO_SEQSHIFT;
552 
553 	aiov.iov_base = NULL;
554 	aiov.iov_len = bytecount;
555 	auio.uio_iov = &aiov;
556 	auio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
557 	auio.uio_offset = foff;
558 	auio.uio_segflg = UIO_NOCOPY;
559 	auio.uio_rw = UIO_READ;
560 	auio.uio_resid = bytecount;
561 	auio.uio_td = NULL;
562 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodein++;
563 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodepgsin += count;
564 
565 	error = VOP_READ(vp, &auio, ioflags, proc0.p_ucred);
566 
567 	/*
568 	 * Severe hack to avoid deadlocks with the buffer cache
569 	 */
570 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
571 		vm_page_busy_wait(mpp[i], FALSE, "getpgs");
572 		vm_page_io_finish(mpp[i]);
573 	}
574 
575 	/*
576 	 * Calculate the actual number of bytes read and clean up the
577 	 * page list.
578 	 */
579 	bytecount -= auio.uio_resid;
580 
581 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
582 		vm_page_t mt = mpp[i];
583 
584 		if (i != reqpage) {
585 			if (error == 0 && mt->valid) {
586 				if (mt->flags & PG_REFERENCED)
587 					vm_page_activate(mt);
588 				else
589 					vm_page_deactivate(mt);
590 				vm_page_wakeup(mt);
591 			} else {
592 				vnode_pager_freepage(mt);
593 			}
594 		} else if (mt->valid == 0) {
595 			if (error == 0) {
596 				kprintf("page failed but no I/O error page "
597 					"%p object %p pindex %d\n",
598 					mt, mt->object, (int) mt->pindex);
599 				kprintf("i=%d foff=%016lx bytecount=%d/%d "
600 					"uioresid=%zd\n",
601 					i, foff, obytecount, bytecount,
602 					auio.uio_resid);
603 				/* whoops, something happened */
604 				error = EINVAL;
605 			}
606 		} else if (mt->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
607 			/*
608 			 * Zero-extend the requested page if necessary (if
609 			 * the filesystem is using a small block size).
610 			 */
611 			vm_page_zero_invalid(mt, TRUE);
612 		}
613 	}
614 	if (error) {
615 		kprintf("vnode_pager_getpage: I/O read error\n");
616 	}
617 	return (error ? VM_PAGER_ERROR : VM_PAGER_OK);
618 }
619 
620 /*
621  * EOPNOTSUPP is no longer legal.  For local media VFS's that do not
622  * implement their own VOP_PUTPAGES, their VOP_PUTPAGES should call to
623  * vnode_pager_generic_putpages() to implement the previous behaviour.
624  *
625  * Caller has already cleared the pmap modified bits, if any.
626  *
627  * All other FS's should use the bypass to get to the local media
628  * backing vp's VOP_PUTPAGES.
629  */
630 static void
631 vnode_pager_putpages(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count,
632 		     int sync, int *rtvals)
633 {
634 	int rtval;
635 	struct vnode *vp;
636 	int bytes = count * PAGE_SIZE;
637 
638 	/*
639 	 * Force synchronous operation if we are extremely low on memory
640 	 * to prevent a low-memory deadlock.  VOP operations often need to
641 	 * allocate more memory to initiate the I/O ( i.e. do a BMAP
642 	 * operation ).  The swapper handles the case by limiting the amount
643 	 * of asynchronous I/O, but that sort of solution doesn't scale well
644 	 * for the vnode pager without a lot of work.
645 	 *
646 	 * Also, the backing vnode's iodone routine may not wake the pageout
647 	 * daemon up.  This should be probably be addressed XXX.
648 	 */
649 
650 	if ((vmstats.v_free_count + vmstats.v_cache_count) <
651 	    vmstats.v_pageout_free_min) {
652 		sync |= OBJPC_SYNC;
653 	}
654 
655 	/*
656 	 * Call device-specific putpages function
657 	 */
658 	vp = object->handle;
659 	rtval = VOP_PUTPAGES(vp, m, bytes, sync, rtvals, 0);
660 	if (rtval == EOPNOTSUPP) {
661 	    kprintf("vnode_pager: *** WARNING *** stale FS putpages\n");
662 	    rtval = vnode_pager_generic_putpages( vp, m, bytes, sync, rtvals);
663 	}
664 }
665 
666 
667 /*
668  * This is now called from local media FS's to operate against their
669  * own vnodes if they fail to implement VOP_PUTPAGES.
670  *
671  * This is typically called indirectly via the pageout daemon and
672  * clustering has already typically occured, so in general we ask the
673  * underlying filesystem to write the data out asynchronously rather
674  * then delayed.
675  */
676 int
677 vnode_pager_generic_putpages(struct vnode *vp, vm_page_t *m, int bytecount,
678 			     int flags, int *rtvals)
679 {
680 	int i;
681 	int maxsize, ncount, count;
682 	vm_ooffset_t poffset;
683 	struct uio auio;
684 	struct iovec aiov;
685 	int error;
686 	int ioflags;
687 
688 	count = bytecount / PAGE_SIZE;
689 
690 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
691 		rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_AGAIN;
692 
693 	if ((int) m[0]->pindex < 0) {
694 		kprintf("vnode_pager_putpages: attempt to write meta-data!!! -- 0x%lx(%x)\n",
695 			(long)m[0]->pindex, m[0]->dirty);
696 		rtvals[0] = VM_PAGER_BAD;
697 		return VM_PAGER_BAD;
698 	}
699 
700 	maxsize = count * PAGE_SIZE;
701 	ncount = count;
702 
703 	poffset = IDX_TO_OFF(m[0]->pindex);
704 
705 	/*
706 	 * If the page-aligned write is larger then the actual file we
707 	 * have to invalidate pages occuring beyond the file EOF.
708 	 *
709 	 * If the file EOF resides in the middle of a page we still clear
710 	 * all of that page's dirty bits later on.  If we didn't it would
711 	 * endlessly re-write.
712 	 *
713 	 * We do not under any circumstances truncate the valid bits, as
714 	 * this will screw up bogus page replacement.
715 	 *
716 	 * The caller has already read-protected the pages.  The VFS must
717 	 * use the buffer cache to wrap the pages.  The pages might not
718 	 * be immediately flushed by the buffer cache but once under its
719 	 * control the pages themselves can wind up being marked clean
720 	 * and their covering buffer cache buffer can be marked dirty.
721 	 */
722 	if (poffset + maxsize > vp->v_filesize) {
723 		if (poffset < vp->v_filesize) {
724 			maxsize = vp->v_filesize - poffset;
725 			ncount = btoc(maxsize);
726 		} else {
727 			maxsize = 0;
728 			ncount = 0;
729 		}
730 		if (ncount < count) {
731 			for (i = ncount; i < count; i++) {
732 				rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_BAD;
733 			}
734 		}
735 	}
736 
737 	/*
738 	 * pageouts are already clustered, use IO_ASYNC to force a bawrite()
739 	 * rather then a bdwrite() to prevent paging I/O from saturating
740 	 * the buffer cache.  Dummy-up the sequential heuristic to cause
741 	 * large ranges to cluster.  If neither IO_SYNC or IO_ASYNC is set,
742 	 * the system decides how to cluster.
743 	 */
744 	ioflags = IO_VMIO;
745 	if (flags & (VM_PAGER_PUT_SYNC | VM_PAGER_PUT_INVAL))
746 		ioflags |= IO_SYNC;
747 	else if ((flags & VM_PAGER_CLUSTER_OK) == 0)
748 		ioflags |= IO_ASYNC;
749 	ioflags |= (flags & VM_PAGER_PUT_INVAL) ? IO_INVAL: 0;
750 	ioflags |= IO_SEQMAX << IO_SEQSHIFT;
751 
752 	aiov.iov_base = (caddr_t) 0;
753 	aiov.iov_len = maxsize;
754 	auio.uio_iov = &aiov;
755 	auio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
756 	auio.uio_offset = poffset;
757 	auio.uio_segflg = UIO_NOCOPY;
758 	auio.uio_rw = UIO_WRITE;
759 	auio.uio_resid = maxsize;
760 	auio.uio_td = NULL;
761 	error = VOP_WRITE(vp, &auio, ioflags, proc0.p_ucred);
762 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodeout++;
763 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodepgsout += ncount;
764 
765 	if (error) {
766 		krateprintf(&vbadrate,
767 			    "vnode_pager_putpages: I/O error %d\n", error);
768 	}
769 	if (auio.uio_resid) {
770 		krateprintf(&vresrate,
771 			    "vnode_pager_putpages: residual I/O %zd at %lu\n",
772 			    auio.uio_resid, (u_long)m[0]->pindex);
773 	}
774 	if (error == 0) {
775 		for (i = 0; i < ncount; i++) {
776 			rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_OK;
777 			vm_page_undirty(m[i]);
778 		}
779 	}
780 	return rtvals[0];
781 }
782 
783 /*
784  * Run the chain and if the bottom-most object is a vnode-type lock the
785  * underlying vnode.  A locked vnode or NULL is returned.
786  */
787 struct vnode *
788 vnode_pager_lock(vm_object_t object)
789 {
790 	struct vnode *vp = NULL;
791 	vm_object_t lobject;
792 	vm_object_t tobject;
793 	int error;
794 
795 	if (object == NULL)
796 		return(NULL);
797 
798 	ASSERT_LWKT_TOKEN_HELD(vm_object_token(object));
799 	lobject = object;
800 
801 	while (lobject->type != OBJT_VNODE) {
802 		if (lobject->flags & OBJ_DEAD)
803 			break;
804 		tobject = lobject->backing_object;
805 		if (tobject == NULL)
806 			break;
807 		vm_object_hold_shared(tobject);
808 		if (tobject == lobject->backing_object) {
809 			if (lobject != object) {
810 				vm_object_lock_swap();
811 				vm_object_drop(lobject);
812 			}
813 			lobject = tobject;
814 		} else {
815 			vm_object_drop(tobject);
816 		}
817 	}
818 	while (lobject->type == OBJT_VNODE &&
819 	       (lobject->flags & OBJ_DEAD) == 0) {
820 		/*
821 		 * Extract the vp
822 		 */
823 		vp = lobject->handle;
824 		error = vget(vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY | LK_CANRECURSE);
825 		if (error == 0) {
826 			if (lobject->handle == vp)
827 				break;
828 			vput(vp);
829 		} else {
830 			kprintf("vnode_pager_lock: vp %p error %d "
831 				"lockstatus %d, retrying\n",
832 				vp, error,
833 				lockstatus(&vp->v_lock, curthread));
834 			tsleep(object->handle, 0, "vnpgrl", hz);
835 		}
836 		vp = NULL;
837 	}
838 	if (lobject != object)
839 		vm_object_drop(lobject);
840 	return (vp);
841 }
842