1/* 2 * History 3 * 4 * $FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/calendar/calendars/calendar.history 320427 2017-06-28 00:50:51Z grog $ 5 */ 6 7#ifndef _calendar_history_ 8#define _calendar_history_ 9 1001/01 Anniversary of the Triumph of the Revolution in Cuba 1101/01 Castro expels Cuban President Batista, 1959 1201/01 Churchill delivers his "Iron Curtain" speech, 1947 1301/01 First Rose Bowl; Michigan 49 - Stanford 0, 1902 1401/02 Canada and the United States agree on a plan to preserve 15 Niagara Falls, 1929 1601/03 Benito Mussolini announces he is taking dictatorial powers 17 over Italy, 1925 1801/03 Margaret Thatcher becomes the longest-serving British 19 Prime Minister in the 20th Century, 1988 2001/04 Burma becomes independent from United Kingdom, 1948 2101/04 Quadrantid meteor shower (look north) 2201/05 -50 degrees F, Strawberry UT, 1913 2301/05 The FCC hears the first demonstration of FM radio, 1940 2401/05 Twelfth night 2501/06 Maria Montessori opens her first school in Rome, 1907 2601/07 First transatlantic telephone call, 1927 2701/08 Battle of New Orleans 2801/08 Monaco gains its independence, 1297 2901/09 Plough Monday 3001/10 First meeting of United Nations General Assembly in London, 1946 3101/10 Thomas Paine's Common Sense published, 1776 3201/11 Anniversary of the Peoples Republic of Albania 3301/11 De Hostos' Birthday in Puerto Rico 3401/11 Milk delivered in bottles for first time, 1878 3501/11 Prithvi Jayanti in Nepal 3601/11 Surgeon General condemned cigarettes, 1964 3701/11 The Whiskey-A-Go-Go opens on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles, 1963 3801/12 Batman the TV series debuts on ABC, 1966 3901/13 Mickey Mouse comic strip makes its first appearance, 1930 4001/14 The first "Be-In" is held in Golden Gate Park, 1967 4101/15 Angola becomes an independent state, 1975 4201/16 Prohibition begins, 1920 4301/16 The Medici family are made official bankers of the Papacy, 1412 4401/17 Captain James Cook becomes the first explorer to cross the 45 Antarctic Circle, 1773 4601/18 Grey whale migration, California 4701/18 The X-ray machine is exhibited for the first time, 1896 4801/19 The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW's plant, 1978 4901/20 St. Agnes Eve (Ah, bitter chill it was...) 5001/21 First commercial flight with a Concorde, 1976 5101/22 British colonists reach New Zealand, 1840 5201/23 The Royal Exchange opens in London, 1571 5301/23 The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in 54 the Netherlands, 1579 5501/24 Eskimo Pie patented by Christian Nelson, 1922 5601/24 Gold discovered in California at Sutter's Mill, 1848 5701/24 Robert Baden-Powell begins the Boy Scout movement, 1908 5801/25 The British Parliament passes the Constitutional Act of 1791 and splits 59 the old province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada, 1791 6001/26 Sydney, New South Wales settled, 1788 6101/27 Grissom, White and Chaffe burned to death in Apollo 1, 1967 6201/27 Vietnam War cease-fire signed, 1973 6301/28 First ski tow, Woodstock VT, 1914 6401/28 Space Shuttle Challenger (51-L) explodes 74 seconds after liftoff 65 killing Scobee, Smith, McNair, Resnick, Jarvis, Onizuka and McAuliffe, 66 1986 6701/28 The first locomotive runs from the Atlantic to the Pacific on the 68 Panama Railway, 1855 6901/29 Liliuokalani is proclaimed Queen of Hawaii, the last monarch of 70 Hawaii, 1891 7101/30 Mohandas Gandhi assassinated in New Delhi by Hindu fanatic, 1948 7201/30 Tet Offensive, 1968 7301/31 "Ham" the chimpanzee soars into space aboard Mercury-Redstone 2, 1961 7401/31 Dmitry Mendeleev established optimal alcohol-water mixture ratio 75 in his PhD work on alcohol-water mixtures, 1865 7601/31 Explorer I launched, 1958. Van Allen Belt discovered 7701/31 Irving Langmuir invented tungsten filament lamp, 1881 7802/01 First TV soap: Secret Storm, 1954 7902/01 Forces led by Khomeini take over Iran, 1979 8002/01 Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-107) disintegrates 15 minutes before landing 81 killing Husband, McCool, Chawla, Clark, Ramon, Brown, and Anderson, 2003 8202/02 Adolf Hitler dissolves the German Parliament, 1933 8302/03 The first commercial cheese factory is founded in Switzerland, 1815 8402/04 Cybernet inaugurated, 1969 8502/04 Patricia Hearst kidnapped by Symbionese Liberation Army, 1974 8602/05 Gamel Abdel Nasser is nominated to be the first president of 87 the United Arab Republic, 1958 8802/06 Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, founding document of New Zealand, 1840 8902/07 The British Labour Party is formed, 1900 9002/08 1963 Revolution Anniversary in Iraq 9102/09 -51 degrees F, Vanderbilt MI, 1934 9202/09 Gregory XV becomes Pope, the last Pope elected by acclamation, 1621 9302/10 New Delhi becomes the capital of India, 1931 9402/11 Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of 95 the Kalmar Union, 1814 9602/12 China adopts the Gregorian calendar, 1912 9702/12 Santa Barbara oil leak, 1969 9802/13 France tests its first atomic bomb in Algeria, 1960 9902/14 Bombing of Dresden, 1945 10002/15 Chicago Seven convicted, 1970 10102/16 Nylon patented, 1937 10202/16 Stephen Decatur burns US frigate in Tripoli, 1804 10302/17 The first ship passes through the Suez Canal, 1867 10402/18 Joseph Goebbels delivers the Sportpalast speech, 1943 10502/18 Pluto discovered by Clyde Tombaugh, Lowell Observatory, AZ, 1930 10602/19 Serfdom is abolished in Russia, 1861 10702/19 US Marines land on Iwo Jima, 1945 10802/20 FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested and charged with spying for Russia 109 for 15 years, 2001 11002/20 John Glenn orbits the Earth 3 times, 1962 11102/21 Battle of Verdun begins, 1916 1M casualties 11202/21 First telephone directory, New Haven, Connecticut, 1878 11302/21 Malcom X shot to death in Harlem, 1965 11402/22 Start of the Czechoslovak Revolution, 1948 11502/23 Lt. Calley confesses, implicates Cpt. Medina, 1971 11602/24 Impeachment proceedings against Andrew Johnson begin, 1868 11702/25 The Democratic Republic of Georgia occupied by Bolshevist Russia, 1921 11802/26 Final radio broadcast of Dragnet, 1957 11902/27 The Lionheart crowned, 1189 12002/28 The "French Connection" drug bust occurs in Marseilles, 1972 12102/29 French and Indian raid on Deerfield MA, 1704 12203/01 Sarah Goode, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba arrested for witchcraft 123 in Salem, Massachusetts, 1692 12403/01 The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded, 1565 12503/02 Blackthorn winds (New England) (Does anyone know what this is?) 12603/02 Ho Chi Minh is elected the President of North Vietnam, 1946 12703/03 Bulgaria regains its independence from Ottoman Empire, 1878 12803/04 Emile Berliner invents the microphone, 1877 12903/04 First meeting of Congress in N.Y.C., 1789 13003/05 Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver, 1836 13103/06 The aspirin is registered as a trademark of Bayer, 1899 13203/07 Mass protest outside the National Assembly of Kuwait building for 133 women's voting rights in Kuwait, 2005 13403/08 The first case of Spanish flu occurs, killing 50 million to 100 million 135 people worldwide, 1918 13603/09 The Barbie doll debuts, 1959 13703/10 Republic of Cote d'Ivoire becomes a colony of France, 1893 13803/11 Ceasefire declared in the war between Iran and Irak, 1988 13903/12 The first bottles of Coca Cola were sold, 1894 14003/13 "Striptease" introduced, Paris, 1894 14103/14 Teddy Roosevelt excludes Japanese laborers from continental US, 1907 14203/14 The kingdom of Cyprus is sold by the ruling Queen to Venice, 1489 14303/15 Buzzards return to Hinckley OH 14403/15 Day of the 1848 revolution in Hungary 14503/15 France assumes protectorate over Vietnam, 1874 14603/15 Ides of March. Gaius Julius Caesar assassinated by senators, 147 including adoptive son Marcus Junius Brutus Caepio, 44BC 14803/15 Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by 149 several senators, 44BC 15003/15 Watts, Los Angeles, riots kill two, injure 25, 1966 15103/16 Largest coordinated worldwide vigil against the Iraq War, 2003 15203/16 MyLai Massacre; 300 non-combatant villagers killed by US infantrymen 15303/16 Robert Goddard launches first liquid-fueled rocket, Auburn MA, 1926 15403/17 Invention of the rubber band, 1845 15503/17 Ukrainian Nationalist Republic declared, 1917 15603/17 Vanguard I launched, 1958. Earth proved pear-shaped 15703/18 Aleksei Leonov performs first spacewalk, 1965 15803/18 In the Pyramid of Cheops a 4.400 year old mummy is found, 1989 15903/19 Swallows return to Capistrano 16003/20 Radio Caroline, the original British pirate radio station, sinks, 1980 16103/21 Henry V becomes the king of England, 1413 16203/22 First motion picture displayed by Auguste and Louis Lumière, 1895 16303/22 World Day for Water 16403/23 The first Islamic republic in the world is Pakistan, 1956 16503/24 Construction of New York subway system begins, 1900 16603/25 The first Bed-In for Peace by John Lennon and Yoko Ono, 1969 16703/25 Triangle Shirt Waist Fire, 1911 16803/26 Popeye statue unveiled, Crystal City TX Spinach Festival, 1937 16903/26 The driving test is introduced, in the United Kingdom, 1934 17003/27 Khrushchev becomes Premier of Soviet Union, 1958 17103/28 Three Mile Island releases radioactive gas, 1979 17203/29 Swedish settled Christiana (Wilmington) DE, 1638 17303/29 The Republic of Ireland bans smoking in all work places, 2004 17403/30 Alaska purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, 1867 17503/30 Five rings around Uranus discovered, 1977 17603/30 Pencil with eraser patented, 1858 17703/31 The Eiffel Tower is inaugurated, 1889 17804/01 People of superb intelligence, savoir-faire, etc. born this day. 17904/02 Haile Selassie is proclaimed emperor of Ethiopia, 1930 18004/03 First publication of the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport, 1896 18104/04 Martin Luther King assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee, 1968 18204/04 NATO established, 1949 18304/05 Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe in Virginia, 1614 18404/06 Joseph Smith founds Mormon Church, 1830 18504/07 Alewives run, Cape Cod 18604/08 Matthew Flinders and Nicolas Baudin meet in Encounter Bay, 1802 18704/08 The Venus de Milo is found on the island of Melos, 1820 18804/09 Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, 1865 18904/09 The first public exhibition of art opens in Paris, 1667 19004/10 The Belfast Agreement is signed, on Good Friday, 1998 19104/11 The Shogunate is abolished in Japan, 1868 19204/12 Confederate troops fire first shots of Civil War at Ft Sumter, 1861 19304/12 Great Britain adopts the Union Jack as their national flag, 1606 19404/12 Space Shuttle Columbia launched, 1981 19504/12 Yuri Gagarin becomes the first man in space, 1961 19604/13 Laotian New Year (3 days) in Laos 19704/14 US President Abraham Lincoln shot in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth, 1865 19804/14 Titanic hits iceberg and sinks, 1912 19904/15 Insulin first becomes generally available for use by diabetics, 1923 20004/15 US President Abraham Lincoln dies, 1865 20104/15 Ray Kroc opens first McDonalds in Des Plaines, IL, 1955 20204/16 Syria becomes an independent Republic, 1946 20304/17 Bay of Pigs invasion crushed by Castro forces, 1961 20404/18 Einstein's Death, 1955 20504/18 First Laundromat opens, Fort Worth Texas, 1934 20604/18 San Francisco earthquake, 1906 20704/18 The League of Nations is dissolved after 27 years, 1946 20804/19 Landing of the "33" in Uruguay 20904/19 Warsaw Ghetto uprising, 1943 21004/20 In Bulgaria, the April Uprising takes place, 1876 21104/20 Supreme Court unanimously rules in favor of busing, 1971 21204/21 Lyrid meteor shower 21304/21 Rome is founded by Romulus and Remus, 753BC 21404/22 Portuguese navigator Pedro Alvares Cabral becomes the first European to 215 sight Brazil, 1500 21604/22 The first Earth Day is celebrated, 1970 21704/22 Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov, called Lenin, Russian political leader, born in Simbirsk, 1870 21804/23 Bavarian co-rulers Duke Wilhelm IV and Duke Ludwig X proclaimed the 219 weighty and consequential Bavarian Beer Purity Law 220 (later Reinheitsgebot), 1516 22104/23 Hank Aaron hits his first home run, 1954 22204/24 The Greek enter Troy with the Trojan Horse, 1184BC 22304/25 Integrated circuit patented by Robert Noyce, 1961 22404/26 William Shakespeare baptized in Stratford-on-Avon, England, 1564, 225 birthdate less certain 22604/27 Magellan killed in Philippines, 1521 22704/28 President of France, Charles de Gaulle resigns, 1969 22804/29 Zipper patented by Gideon Sindback, 1913 22904/30 Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide, 1945 23005/01 Beltaine; Feast of the god Bel, sun god 23105/01 Adam Weishaupt founded the Illuminati of Bavaria, 1776 23205/02 The first modern sighting of the Loch Ness monster is reported, 1933 23305/03 Anti-war protest disrupts business in Washington, 1971 23405/03 Jamaica is spotted by Christopher Columbus, 1494 23505/04 Christopher Columbus sets foot on Jamaica, 1494 23605/04 Four Kent State students are shot down by the National Guard, 1970 23705/05 John Scopes arrested for teaching evolution, Dayton, TN, 1925 23805/05 Kublai Khan becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire, 1260 23905/06 Hindenburg explodes and burns upon landing at Lakehurst, NJ, 1937 24005/07 Germany surrenders after World War II, 1945 24105/08 Beginning of ostrich mating season 24205/08 Herbert Akroyd Stuart patented the first "diesel" engine, 1890 24305/08 US institutes mining of Haiphong Harbor, 1972 24405/09 94 degrees, New York, 1979 24505/09 The first parliament of Australia opens in Melbourne, 1901 24605/10 Germany invades Low Countries, 1940 24705/10 Nazi bookburning, 1933 24805/11 Thailand is no longer known as Siam, 1949 24905/12 Tunisia becomes a French protectorate, 1881 25005/13 Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after 251 having been accused of treason, 1619 25205/14 Beginning of Lewis and Clark Expedition, 1804 25305/14 Nation of Israel proclaimed, 1948 25405/15 Asylum for Inebriates founded, Binghamton NY, 1854 25505/15 The civil war in Finland ends, 1918 25605/16 Root beer invented by Charles Elmer Hires, 1866 25705/17 24" rain in 11 hours, Pearl River, S. China, 1982 25805/17 Six SLA members killed in televised gun fight, 1974 25905/18 Battle of Las Piedras in Uruguay 26005/18 Napoleon crowned Emperor, 1804 26105/19 The Legion d'Honneur is founded by Napoleon Bonaparte, 1802 26205/20 The first modern atlas issued by Abraham Ortelius, 1570 26305/21 Battle of Iquique in Chile 26405/21 US explodes first hydrogen bomb, 1956 26505/22 The transporting of British convicts to the New South Wales colony, 266 is abolished, 1840 26705/22 US Civil War ends, 1865 26805/23 Israeli raid into Argentina to capture Adolf Eichmann, 1960 26905/23 Two Yetis sighted, Mt. Everest, 1953 27005/23 Federal Republic of Germany founded, 1949 27105/24 Battle of Pinchincha in Ecuador 27205/25 Oral Roberts sees 900 foot tall Jesus Christ, Tulsa OK, 1980 27305/25 Successful test of the limelight in Purfleet, England, 1830 27405/26 Congress sets first immigration quotas, 1924 27505/26 John Calvin and his followers are expelled from Geneva, 1538 27605/27 Golden Gate Bridge opens, 1937 27705/27 The pop-up toaster patented by Charles Strite, 1919 27805/28 Alan Turing submits On Computable Numbers for publication, 1936 27905/29 Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norkay climb Mt. Everest, 1953 28005/29 First food stamps issued, 1961 28105/30 US Marines sent to Nicaragua, 1912 28205/30 Beginning of the civil war over Biafra, 1967 28305/31 Yom Kippur War comes to an end by the signing of a disengagement 284 agreement by Syria and Israel, 1974 28506/01 In a referendum the Dutch reject the European Constitution, 2005 28606/02 Denmark rejects the Maastricht Treaty in a close-call referendum, 1992 28706/02 Native Americans "granted" citizenship, 1924 28806/03 Edward White becomes the first American to perform a "Space Walk", 1965 28906/03 Last Star Trek episode first aired ("Turnabout Intruder"), 1969 29006/04 Roquefort cheese developed, 1070 29106/05 Robert Kennedy assassinated, 1968 29206/05 Titus and his Roman legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem, 70 29306/05 US leaves the Gold Standard, 1933 29406/06 First drive-in movie, 1933 29506/06 Normandy landing, 1944 29606/07 The first act of civil disobedience by Gandhi, 1893 29706/08 The Canadian Parliament meets for the first time in Ottawa, 1866 29806/09 The Roman Emperor Nero commits suicide, 68 29906/10 Death of Alexander the Great, 323 B.C. 30006/10 Denver police tear gas Jethro Tull and 2000 fans at Red Rocks, 1971 30106/11 Greeks seize Troy, 1184BC 30206/12 Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison, 1964 30306/13 Much of Vancouver, British Columbia, is devastated by a fire, 1886 30406/13 Pioneer flies past Neptune, and therefore out of the Solar System 30506/14 Sandpaper invented by I. Fischer, Jr., 1834 30606/15 Ben Franklin's kite experiment, 1752 30706/15 Magna Carta signed, 1215 30806/15 Series of photographs by Edward Muggeridge prove to Leland Stanford 309 that all the hooves of a horse are off the ground during the gallop, 310 1878 31106/16 "The Blues Brothers" premieres in Chicago, 1980 31206/16 Henry Ford launched the Ford Motor Company, 1903 31306/17 China explodes its first Hydrogen bomb, 1967 31406/17 Watergate Democratic National Committee break-in, 1972 31506/18 Winston Churchill delivers his "Finest Hour" speech, 1940 31606/19 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed in Sing-Sing prison, 1953 31706/19 Lizzie Bordon acquitted, 1893 31806/20 Victoria crowned, 1837 31906/21 Berlin airlift begins, 1948 32006/21 Sun rises over Heelstone at Stonehenge 32106/22 Civil rights workers disappear in Mississippi, 1964 32206/22 The June Days Uprising in Paris begins, 1848 32306/23 Harriet, Darwin's turtle died at the age of 176 years, 2006 32406/23 Slavery abolished in England, 1772 32506/24 Senate repeals Gulf of Tonkin resolution, 1970 32606/24 The capital of Jamaica, Kingston, is founded, 1664 32706/25 Custer's Last Stand at Little Big Horn, 1876 32806/25 North Korea invades South Korea, 1950 32906/26 Battle of Gettysburg, 1863 33006/26 St. Lawrence Seaway dedicated by Eisenhower & Queen Elizabeth II, 1959 33106/26 Toothbrush invented, 1498 33206/27 100 degrees, Fort Yukon, 1915 33306/27 Bill Graham closes the Fillmore East, 1971 33406/27 The world's first ATM is installed in Enfield, London, 1967 33506/28 Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria assassinated in Sarajevo, 336 marking the beginning of World War I, 1914 33706/28 Supreme Court decides in favor of Allan Bakke, 1978 33806/28 World War I ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, 1919 33906/29 The Seychelles gains independence from the United Kingdom, 1976 34006/30 "That" explosion in Siberia at 7:17 local time, 1908 34106/30 Albert Einstein published his theory of special relativity, 1905 34206/30 China and Soviet Union announce split over ideology, 1960 34307/01 Battle of Gettysburg begins, 1863 34407/01 Hong Kong becomes a special administrative region of the People's 345 Republic of China, 1997 34607/01 The first day on the Somme marked the beginning of the 347 Battle of the Somme, 1916 34807/01 Warsaw Pact officially dissolved, 1991 34907/02 Vermont abolishes slavery, as the first state, 1777 35007/03 Dog days begin 35107/04 Battles of Vicksburg and Gettysburg won by Union forces, 1863 35207/04 Cloudy, 76 degrees, Philadelphia PA, 1776 35307/04 New York abstains on Declaration of Independence vote, 1776 35407/04 Thoreau enters woods, 1845 35507/05 Bikini demonstrated for the first time, 1946 35607/06 First `talkie' (talking motion picture) premiere in New York, 1928 35707/06 Lawrence of Arabia captures Aqaba, 1917 35807/07 First radio broadcast of "Dragnet", 1949 35907/07 Terrorists detonate four bombs on London public transport, 2005 36007/08 A UFO is believed to have crashed near Roswell, New Mexico, 1947 36107/08 First public reading of the Declaration of Independence, 1776 36207/08 Liberty Bell cracks while being rung at funeral of John Marshall, 1835 36307/09 10-hour working day set by law, NH, 1847 36407/09 The African Union gets established, 2002 36507/10 134 degrees in Death Valley, 1913 36607/10 Most of London gets burned down in a severe fire, 1212 36707/11 Mongolia gains independence from China, 1921 36807/12 Minimum wages established: 40 cents/hour, 1933 36907/13 Women first compete in Olympic games, 1908 37007/14 Storming of the Bastille by the citizens of Paris, 1789 37107/15 First item sold via Amazon.com, 1995 37207/16 Detonation of the first atomic bomb at Alamagordo, NM, 1945 37307/16 End of the civil war in Rwanda, 1994 37407/17 Disneyland opens, 1955 37507/18 "Mein Kampf" is published, 1925 37607/18 Ty Cobb gets 4000th base hit, 1927 37707/19 Five Massachusetts women executed for witchcraft, 1692 37807/19 France declares war on Prussia, marking the beginning of the 379 Franco-Prussian war, 1870 38007/20 Armstrong and Aldrin land on moon, 1969 38107/20 Ford Motor Company ships their car, 1903 38207/21 First Train Robbery, Jesse James gets $3000 near Adair, Iowa, 1873 38307/21 Vietnam divided at 17th parallel, 1954 38407/22 Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly around the world, 1933 38507/23 Ice cream cone introduced, St. Louis MO, 1904 38607/24 Scopes Monkey Trial, 1925 38707/25 First test-tube baby born, 1978 38807/26 Potsdam Declaration signed, 1945 38907/27 The last Citroen 2CV made, 1990 39007/28 Potato introduced in Europe by Sir Thomas Harriot, 1586 39107/29 Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, 1836 39207/30 "In God We Trust" made US motto, 1956 39307/30 Elvis Presley performs for the first time in public, 1954 39407/31 First U.S. patent issued, 1790 39507/31 Harry S. Truman dedicates N.Y. Int'l Airport @ Idlewild Field, 1948, 396 later JFK 39708/01 Lughnasa; Feast of the god Lugh, a 30 day Celtic feast centers on 398 this day 39908/02 Hitler becomes the Fuehrer of Germany, 1934 40008/03 Columbus sets sail for Cathay, 1492 40108/03 USS Nautilus crosses under north polar ice cap, 1958 40208/04 Axe murder of Andrew and Abbey Borden, 1892 40308/04 Bombing of N. Vietnam begins, 1964 40408/04 Britain declares war on Germany starting World War I, 1914 40508/05 Nelson Mandela is jailed, 1962 40608/06 Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, 1945 40708/06 Caricom in Barbados 40808/06 Cy Young pitches first game, 1890 40908/07 Jack the Ripper makes his first kill, 1888 41008/08 Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, 1945 41108/08 Montenegro declares war on Germany, 1914 41208/08 Richard Nixon resigns the US presidency, 1974 41308/08 The Great Train Robbery -- $7,368,000, 1963 41408/09 Helter Skelter... the Charles Manson murders take place, 1969 41508/09 Persia defeats Spartan King Leonidas at Thermopylae, 480 BC 41608/09 US/Canada border defined in the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 1842 41708/09 Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, 1945 41808/09 Singapore secedes from Malaysia, 1965 41908/10 Chicago incorporated as a village of 300 people, 1833 42008/10 Major terrorist plot to destroy aircraft disrupted by 421 Scotland Yard, 2006 42208/10 US and Panama agree to transfer the canal in the year 2000, 1977 42308/11 Dog days end 42408/11 France Ends War in Indochina, 1954 42508/11 Perseid meteor shower (look north; three days) 42608/12 Cleopatra commits suicide, 30BC 42708/12 First test flight of Space Shuttle "Enterprise" from 747, 1977 42808/12 Last US ground troops out of Vietnam, 1972 42908/13 Berlin wall erected, 1961 43008/13 Li'l Abner debut, 1934 43108/14 France introduces motor vehicle registration, 1893 43208/14 Social Security begins in US, 1935 43308/15 Gandhi's movement obtains independence for Pakistan and India, 1947 43408/15 Hurricane hits Plymouth Plantation, 1635 43508/16 Roller Coaster patented, 1898 43608/17 First public bath opened in N.Y., 1891 43708/17 Indonesian Declaration of Independence, 1945 43808/18 Anti-Cigarette League of America formed 43908/18 Power blackout on Java, Indonesia, affects almost 440 100 million people, 2005 44108/19 Air Force cargo plane snares payload from Discoverer 14 spy satellite, 442 marking start of practical military reconnaissance from space, 1960 44308/19 Gail Borden patents condensed milk, 1856 44408/20 First commercial radio station airs in Detroit, Michigan, 1920 44508/21 Louvre employee steals the "Mona Lisa", 1911 44608/22 Death of King Richard III, 1485, Last of the Plantagenets 44708/22 Joe Walker sets X-15 all time altitude mark (67 miles), 1963 44808/22 St. Columbia reports seeing monster in Loch Ness, 565 44908/23 Sacco and Vanzetti executed, 1927 45008/24 "Alice's Restaurant" premieres in New York and Los Angeles, 1969 45108/24 -126.9 F at Vostok, Antarctica, 1960 45208/24 British troops burn Washington, 1814 45308/25 General de Gaulle leads French forces into Paris, 1944 45408/26 19th amendment of US constitution gives women the vote, 1920 45508/26 Women get the vote, 1920 45608/27 "Tarzan of the Apes" published, 1912 45708/27 Krakatoa, Java explodes with a force of 1,300 megatons, 1883 45808/28 Henry Hudson discovers Delaware Bay, 1609 45908/28 Martin Luther King leads over 200,000 in civil rights rally in Washington, DC, 1963 46008/29 Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction, 1831 46108/29 Star in Cygnus goes nova and becomes 4th brightest in sky, 1975; 462 Nova Cygni 1975. 46308/30 75 cents a pound tariff set on opium, 1842 46408/30 Japan Stationery Co. sells first felt-tipped pen, 1960 46508/30 St. Rose of Lima in Peru 46608/30 Washington-to-Moscow hot line connected, 1963 46708/31 269 people killed after Korean Airlines 747 shot down by USSR, 1983 46808/31 Mary Anne Nichols becomes Jack the Ripper's first victim, 1888 46908/31 Non-aggression pact signed by USSR and Afghanistan, 1926 47008/31 Federation of Malaya gains independence from Great Britain, 1957 47108/31 Independent union "Solidarnosc" born, Gdansk, 1980 47209/01 Bobby Fischer defeats Boris Spassky in World Chess Match, 1972 47309/01 Joshua A. Norton proclaims himself 'Emperor Norton I', 1859 47409/02 Great Britain adopts Gregorian Calendar, 1752 47509/02 Japan signs unconditional surrender on US battleship `Missouri', 1945 47609/03 Richard ``the Lionheart'' crowned king of England, 1189 47709/03 Anniversary of the Founding of the Republic in San Marino 47809/04 Napoleon III is deposed and the Third Republic is declared, 1870 47909/05 US President Kennedy orders resumption of underground nuclear tests, 1961 48009/05 St. Gotthard Tunnel opens in Switzerland, 1980 48109/05 The first Continental Congress was convened in Philadelphia, 1774 48209/06 149 Pilgrims set forth from England aboard the Mayflower, 1620 48309/06 First Star Trek episode (The Man Trap) aired 1966 48409/06 US President McKinley shot, 1901 48509/06 Somhlolo in Swaziland 48609/07 Brazil declares its independence from Portugal, 1822 48709/08 "Star Trek" debuts on NBC (1966) 48809/08 Jack the Ripper kills again, Annie Chapman is second victim, 1888 48909/08 US President Ford pardons Richard M. Nixon, 1974 49009/09 California becomes the 31st state of the USA, 1850 49109/09 John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph, 1839 49209/09 United Colonies is renamed the United States, 1776 49309/10 Mountain Meadows Massacre. Mormons kill Gentile wagon train, 1857 49409/11 CIA-sponsored terrorists overthrow Chilean government, murder President Allende, 1973 49509/11 Terrorists destroy World Trade Center in New York, 2001 49609/11 World Wide Fund (WWF) founded, 1961 49709/12 German paratroopers rescue Mussolini from captivity in Rome, 1943 49809/12 Germany annexes Sudetenland, 1938 49909/13 58 °C (136.4 °F) measured at el Azizia, Libya, 1922 50009/13 British defeat the French at the Plains of Abraham, just outside the walls of Quebec City, 1759 50109/13 Building of Hadrian's Wall begun, 122 50209/13 Chiang Kai-Shek becomes president of China, 1943 50309/14 Benjamin Franklin is sent to France as an American minister, 1778 50409/14 Salem, Massachusetts, is founded, 1629 50509/14 The US Selective Service Act establishes the first peacetime draft, 1940 50609/15 Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev begins his 13 day tour of the US, 1959 50709/15 The US Foreign Affairs Dept. becomes the US State Department, 1789 50809/15 The Nazis adopt a new national flag with the swastika, 1935 50909/16 General Motors is founded, 1908 51009/16 The village of Shawmut, Massachusetts, becomes the city of Boston, 1630 51109/16 Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore unite to become Malaysia, 1963 51209/17 Battle of Antietam, 1862 51309/17 Joshua A. Norton proclaims himself 'Emperor Norton I', 1859 51409/18 Victory of Uprona in Burundi 51509/19 New Zealand women get the right to vote, 1893 51609/19 Walt Disney releases Steamboat Willie, 1928 51709/20 Equal Rights Party nominates Belva Lockwood for US President, 1884 51809/20 First meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of 519 Science, 1848 52009/20 First meeting of the US National Research Council, 1916 52109/20 Magellan leaves Spain on the first Round the World passage, 1519 52209/20 The Roxy Theater opens in Hollywood, 1973 52309/21 J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit is published, 1937 52409/22 Allied forces form the independent nation West Germany, 1953 52509/22 US President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, 1862 52609/22 Special prosecutor Leon Jeworski subpoenas US President Nixon, 1974 52709/22 The first Soviet atomic bomb explodes, 1949 52809/23 Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos declares martial law, 1972 52909/23 The New York Knickerbockers becomes the first US Baseball club, 1845 53009/23 US Vice President Nixon denies campaign fund fraud with his "Checkers" speech, 1952 53109/24 The Netherlands surrenders New Amsterdam to England, 1664 53209/25 Battle of Stamford Bridge marks the end of the Viking era, 1066 53309/25 Sandra Day O'Connor becomes first woman on US Supreme Court, 1981 53409/26 Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic, 1973 53509/27 The first passenger was hauled in a locomotive in England, 1825 53609/28 "Pilgrim's Progress" published, 1678 53709/28 A Greek soldier runs 26+ miles after the Persian defeat at Marathon, 538 490BC 53909/30 Red Jack kills 2, Elizabeth Stride (#3) and Catherine Eddowes (#4), 540 1888 54109/30 The first tooth is extracted under anesthesia in Charleston, Mass, 1846 54209/30 The verdicts of the Nuremberg trials are announced, 1946 54310/01 Austria issues the world's first postcards, 1869 54410/01 NASA officially begins operations, 1958 54510/02 Jacques Cartier discovers Montreal, Quebec, 1535 54610/02 Thurgood Marshall sworn as the first black Supreme Court Justice, 1967 54710/03 O. J. Simpson is found not guilty of murder, 1995 54810/04 Crimean war begins, 1853 54910/04 First space vehicle, Sputnik I, launched, 1957 55010/05 Portugal declares itself a republic, 1910 55110/06 Antioch College is the first public school to admit men and women, 1853 55210/06 Egyptian President Anwar es-Sadat is assassinated in Cairo, 1981 55310/06 Israel is attacked by the alliance of Egypt and Syria, 1973 55410/07 Foundation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR or DDR), 1949 55510/07 Georgia Tech. beats Cumberland Univ. 222-0, 1916 55610/07 Maryland Governor Marvin Mandel sent to prison on fraud charges, 1977 55710/07 Mother Teresa of Calcutta awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, 1979 55810/07 Police stop Wilbur Mills car, Fanne Fox jumps into water, 1974 55910/08 Great Chicago Fire, 1871 56010/08 San Marino adopts its written constitution, 1600 56110/09 First two-way telephone conversation, 1876 56210/10 Beginning of the Wars for Independence in Cuba 56310/10 Foundation of the Workers Party in North Korea 56410/10 Mercury at Superior Conjunction with Sun. Moves into night sky. (1984) 56510/10 Spiro T. Agnew resigns as Vice-President due to income tax fraud, 1973 56610/11 "Saturday Night Live" premiers on NBC-TV, 1975 56710/11 The Gang of Four are arrested in Peking, 1976 56810/11 The first steam powered ferry ran between New York and Hoboken, 1811 56910/11 The second Vatican Ecumenical Council opens in Rome, 1962 57010/11 First broadcast of Saturday Night Live, 1975 57110/12 Bahama Natives discover Columbus of Europe lost on their shores, 1492 57210/12 Bavarian Crown Prince Ludwig married Princess Therese of 573 Saxony-Hildburghausen, Oktoberfest, 1810 57410/12 Khrushchev pounds his desk with shoe during a speech to the UN, 1960 57510/12 Man O'War's last race, 1920 57610/12 Native Americans discover Columbus of Europe lost on their shores, 1492 57710/13 Italy declares war on Germany, 1943 57810/13 US Navy born, 1775, authorized by the Second Continental Congress 57910/14 Battle of Hastings won by William the Conqueror and the Normans, 1066 58010/14 Chuck Yeager breaks sound barrier, 1947 58110/15 Edison Electric Light Company begins operation, 1878 58210/15 First draft card burned, 1965 58310/16 The Walt Disney Company is founded by Walt Disney 584 and his brother, Roy Disney, 1923 58510/17 Al Capone convicted of income tax evasion, 1931 58610/18 Boston Shoemakers form first US labor org., 1648 58710/18 Soviets announce their probe took photos of the Moon's far side, 1959 58810/18 The Grand Ole Opry opens its doors, 1925 58910/19 Mao Tse-tung establishes the People's Republic of China, 1949 59010/19 Napoleon's beaten army begins the long retreat from Moscow, 1812 59110/20 "Saturday Night Massacre", 1973 59210/20 OPEC embargo, 1973 59310/21 Edison makes the first practical incandescent lamp, 1879 59410/21 Guggenheim Museum opens, 1959 59510/22 Laos gains independence from France, 1953 59610/23 Battle of Leyte Gulf begins, 1944 59710/23 Day of the 1956 revolution in Hungary 59810/23 Earth created at 6:30 AM, 4004BC. 59910/23 South African troops invade Angola in support of UNITA and FNLA, 1975 60010/23 Swallows leave Capistrano 60110/24 Founding of the United Nations, 1945 60210/25 The UN removes Taiwan and admits the People's Republic of China, 1971 60310/26 UN's World Health Organization declares smallpox eradicated, 1978 60410/27 New York's Boss Tweed is arrested on fraud charges, 1871 60510/27 The first New York Subway is opened, 1904 60610/27 Stock markets around the world crash because of fears of 607 a global economic meltdown, 1997 60810/28 Columbus discovers Cuba, 1492 60910/28 Constantine's army defeats forces of Maxentius at Mulvian Bridge, 312 61010/28 Harvard was founded in Massachusetts, 1636 61110/28 Statue of Liberty was dedicated on Bedloe's Island, 1886 61210/29 Leibniz makes the first use of the "long s" for integral, 1675 61310/29 Stock Market Crash, 1929 61410/30 Communist Party of Australia founded in Sydney, 1920 61510/30 Orson Welles' "War of the Worlds" broadcast, 1938 61610/31 First hydrogen bomb blasts Enewetak, 1952 61710/31 Luther nails 95 Theses to door of Castle Church, Wittenberg, 1517 61811/01 Austria-Hungary become two separate nations, 1918 61911/01 Puerto Rican nationalists try to kill Truman at the Blair House, 1950 62011/02 Luftwaffe completes 57 consecutive nights of bombing of London, 1940 62111/02 Two Frenchmen make the first free hot air balloon flight, 1783 62211/03 Beef rises to 3 cents a pound, IL, 1837 62311/03 Linus Pauling wins Nobel Chemistry Prize, 1954 62411/03 Sputnik II launched, 1957, bearing space dog Laika 62511/04 Iranian militants seize US embassy personnel in Teheran, 1979 62611/04 Soviet forces crush the anti-communist revolt in Hungary, 1956 62711/05 Guy Fawkes' Plot, 1605 62811/06 Anniversary of the October Socialist Revolution (2 days) in U.S.S.R. 62911/07 Abolitionist newspaperman Elijah P. Lovejoy murdered by mob, 1837 63011/07 Lewis and Clark Expedition in sight of the Pacific Ocean, 1805 63111/08 Invasion of Sweden by Danish forces results in the 632 Stockholm Bloodbath, 1520 63311/09 Blackout of New York, New England, and Eastern Canada, 1965 63411/09 Giant panda discovered (?!), China, 1927 63511/09 Jack the Ripper kills fifth and final victim, Jane Kelly, 1888 63611/09 Margaret Sanger forms American Birth Control League, 1921 63711/09 Roosevelt establishes the Civil Works Administration, 1933 63811/10 41 Women arrested in suffragette demonstrations near White House, 1917 63911/10 Cpt. Wirz, commandant of Andersonville Prison hanged, 1865 64011/10 Henry Stanley asks David Livingstone, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?", 1871 64111/11 First broadcast of Sesame Street, 1970 64211/11 Washington becomes the 42nd state, 1889 64311/12 Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Birthday in Taiwan 64411/12 USA first exports oil to Europe, 1861 64511/13 St. Brice's Day massacre by order of Ethelred, king of England, 1002 64611/14 Czechoslovakia becomes a republic, 1918 64711/14 Quarter Pounder price raised from $0.53 to $0.55 in violation of Nixon 648 price controls (but okayed by Price Commission after formal request 649 from McDonald's), 1971 65011/15 First assembly of the League of Nations is held in Geneva, 1920 65111/15 Niagara Falls power plant startup, 1896 65211/16 Opening of the Suez Canal, 1869 65311/16 Albert Hofmann synthesizes LSD in Switzerland, 1938 65411/17 46,000 meteoroids fall over AZ in 20 minutes, 1966 65511/17 Elizabeth I of England succeeds Queen Mary I of England, 1558 65611/17 Richard Nixon says "I am not a crook.", 1973 65711/18 First hydrogen bomb blasts Enewetok, 1952 65811/18 Local standard time zones established for US, 1883 65911/19 Gettysburg Address delivered, 1863 66011/19 Samuel Goldwyn and Edgar Selwyn establish Goldwyn Company, 1916 66111/20 Nuremberg Trials against 24 Nazi war criminals begin, 1945 66211/21 Announcement of 18 1/2 minute gap on Watergate tape, 1973 66311/21 Birmingham Pub Bombings by the IRA kill 21 people, 1974 66411/22 John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, Texas, 1963 66511/22 Kennedy shot in Dallas, Texas by Lee Harvey Oswald, 1963 66611/23 First broadcast of Dr. Who (longest running TV series), 1963 66711/23 The first edition of Life is published. 1936 66811/24 Alleged assassin Lee Harvey Oswald is killed by 669 Jack Ruby in Dallas, Texas, 1963 67011/24 Lee Harvey Oswald killed by Jack Ruby, 1963 67111/25 Alfred Nobel invents dynamite, 1867 67211/26 Last flight ever with a Concorde made over Bristol, UK, 2003 67311/27 Alfred Nobel establishes Nobel Prize, 1895 67411/27 Friction match invented by englishman John Walker, Sweden, 1826 67511/27 Hoosac Railroad Tunnel completed, 1873, in NW Massachusetts 67611/28 Albania declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire, 1912 67711/29 King Tut's tomb opened, 1922 67812/01 First national corn-husking championship, Alleman IA, 1924 67912/01 Ford Motor Company introduces the first moving assembly line, 1913 68012/01 Martin Luther King Jr., leads black boycott of Montgomery buses, 1955 68112/01 Rosa Parks refuses to move to back of the bus (Montgomery, AL), 1953 68212/02 Napoleon III becomes Emperor of the French, 1852 68312/03 First neon light display, Paris, 1910 68412/03 First successful human heart transplant led by Dr. Barnard, 1967 68512/03 The Montreux Casino burns down during a Frank Zappa concert, 1971 68612/04 People's Republic of China adopts its current constitution, 1982 68712/04 Washington takes leave of his officers at Fraunce's Tavern, NYC, 1783 68812/05 End of Prohibition, 1933 (at least the alcohol part) 68912/05 Phi Beta Kappa founded, 1776 69012/05 The Eighteenth Amendment repealed, ending Prohibition, 1933 69112/06 London becomes the world's first city with motorised cabs, 1897 69212/07 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, 1941 69312/08 Japan enters Second World War with invasion of Pantai Sabak, Kelantan, 1941 69412/08 Romanian Constitution is adopted in a referendum, 1991 69512/09 Ball-bearing roller skates patented, 1884 69612/10 Metric system established in France, 1799 69712/10 Nobel Peace Prize awarded each year 69812/11 The British Parliament enacts the Statute of Westminster, 1931 69912/12 First wireless message sent across Atlantic by Marconi, 1901 70012/13 Apollo 17 leaves the moon, with "last" men to walk on moon aboard, 1972 70112/13 Dartmouth College chartered, 1769 70212/13 Geminid meteor shower (look south) 70312/14 Portugal joins the United Nations, 1955 70412/15 Argo Merchant oil spill, 1976 70512/15 Bill of Rights adopted, 1791 70612/15 James Naismith invents basketball, Canada, 1891 70712/15 Sitting Bull shot in head while submitting to arrest, 1890 70812/16 Pokemon episode (Electric Soldier Porygon) triggers attacks of 709 photosensitive epilepsy in hundreds of Japanese children, 1997 71012/17 Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol is first published, 1843 71112/18 Indonesia invades Netherlands New Guinea, 1961 71212/19 Hitler becomes Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the 713 German Army, 1941 71412/20 Cheka founded, 1917 71512/20 US buys ~1,000,000 sq. miles of Louisiana for ~$20/sq.mi. 71612/21 Charles de Gaulle is elected President of France, 1958 71712/21 Phileas Fogg completes his trip around the world in less than 80 days 71812/21 Women gain the right to vote in South Australia, 1894 71912/21 Women gain the right to hold political office in South Australia, 1894 72012/22 First freight train is operated in Roorkee in India, 1851 72112/23 The transistor is first demonstrated at Bell Laboratories, 1947 72212/24 Hong Kong falls to the Japanese Imperial Army, 1941 72312/24 KKK formed in Pulaski, Tenn, 1865 72412/25 Christmas Island founded and named by Captain William Mynors, 1643 72512/26 DPMA founded, 1951 72612/27 APT report published, 1956 72712/27 Ether first used as anesthetic in childbirth, 1845 72812/28 Comet Kohoutek at perihelion, 1973 72912/28 Proclamation of the Province of South Australia, 1836 73012/28 Spain recognizes independence of Mexico, 1836 73112/29 Battle of Wounded knee, 1890 73212/29 Edison receives patent for Radio, 1891 73312/30 First Los Angeles freeway dedicated, 1940 73412/30 Israel and the Vatican establish diplomatic relations, 1993 73512/30 Soviet Ukrainian Republic declared, 1917 73612/31 St. Sylvester in Switzerland 73712/31 First supersonic commercial flight by Tu-144, 1968 73812/31 Windows tax in England, 1695 73912/31 Winterland closes its doors, 1978 740 741#endif /* !_calendar_history_ */ 742