1.\" $NetBSD: last.1,v 1.9 2002/09/30 11:09:04 grant Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)last.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 31.\" 32.Dd September 11, 2019 33.Dt LAST 1 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm last 37.Nd indicate last logins of users and ttys 38.Sh SYNOPSIS 39.Nm 40.Op Fl Ns Ar n 41.Op Fl T 42.Op Fl f Ar file 43.Op Fl h Ar host 44.Op Fl H Ar hostsize 45.Op Fl L Ar linesize 46.Op Fl N Ar namesize 47.Op Fl t Ar tty 48.Op user ... 49.Sh DESCRIPTION 50.Nm 51will list the sessions of specified 52.Ar users , 53.Ar ttys , 54and 55.Ar hosts , 56in reverse time order. 57Each line of output contains 58the user name, the tty from which the session was conducted, any 59hostname, the start and stop times for the session, and the duration 60of the session. 61If the session is still continuing or was cut short by 62a crash or shutdown, 63.Nm 64will so indicate. 65.Bl -tag -width indent-two 66.It Fl Ar n 67Limits the report to 68.Ar n 69lines. 70.It Fl f Ar file 71.Nm 72reads the file 73.Ar file 74instead of the default, 75.Pa /var/log/wtmpx . 76Former 77.Pa /var/log/wtmp 78format files can be converted using 79.Xr wtmpcvt 1 . 80.It Fl h Ar host 81.Ar Host 82names may be names or internet numbers. 83.It Fl H Ar hostsize 84Use the provided hostsize as the width to format the host name field. 85.It Fl L Ar linesize 86Use the provided linesize as the width to format the tty field. 87.It Fl N Ar namesize 88Use the provided namesize as the width to format the login name field. 89.It Fl t Ar tty 90Specify the 91.Ar tty . 92Tty names may be given fully or abbreviated, for example, 93.Dq Li "last -t 03" 94is 95equivalent to 96.Dq Li "last -t tty03" . 97.It Fl T 98Display better time information, including the year and seconds. 99.El 100.Pp 101If 102multiple arguments are given, the information which applies to any of the 103arguments is printed, e.g., 104.Dq Li "last root -t console" 105would list all of 106.Dq Li root Ns 's 107sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal. 108If no users, hostnames or terminals are specified, 109.Nm 110prints a record of 111all logins and logouts. 112.Pp 113The pseudo-user 114.Ar reboot 115logs in at reboots of the system, thus 116.Dq Li last reboot 117will give an indication of mean time between reboot. 118.Pp 119If 120.Nm 121is interrupted, it indicates to what date the search has 122progressed. 123If interrupted with a quit signal 124.Nm 125indicates how 126far the search has progressed and then continues. 127.Sh FILES 128.Bl -tag -width /var/log/wtmpx -compact 129.It Pa /var/log/wtmpx 130default login data base 131.El 132.Sh SEE ALSO 133.Xr lastcomm 1 , 134.Xr wtmpcvt 1 , 135.Xr utmpx 5 , 136.Xr ac 8 137.Sh HISTORY 138.Nm 139appeared in 140.Bx 3.0 . 141