xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/login/login.c (revision dc71b7ab)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1987, 1988, 1991, 1993, 1994
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technologies, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Portions of this software were developed for the FreeBSD Project by
8  * ThinkSec AS and NAI Labs, the Security Research Division of Network
9  * Associates, Inc.  under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
10  * ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  * @(#)login.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94
37  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/login/login.c,v 1.106 2007/07/04 00:00:40 scf Exp $
38  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/login/login.c,v 1.6 2006/01/12 13:43:11 corecode Exp $
39  */
40 
41 /*
42  * login [ name ]
43  * login -h hostname	(for telnetd, etc.)
44  * login -f name	(for pre-authenticated login: datakit, xterm, etc.)
45  */
46 
47 #include <sys/copyright.h>
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/file.h>
50 #include <sys/stat.h>
51 #include <sys/time.h>
52 #include <sys/resource.h>
53 #include <sys/wait.h>
54 
55 #include <err.h>
56 #include <errno.h>
57 #include <grp.h>
58 #include <libutil.h>
59 #include <login_cap.h>
60 #include <pwd.h>
61 #include <setjmp.h>
62 #include <signal.h>
63 #include <stdio.h>
64 #include <stdlib.h>
65 #include <string.h>
66 #include <syslog.h>
67 #include <ttyent.h>
68 #include <unistd.h>
69 
70 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
71 #include <security/openpam.h>
72 
73 #include "login.h"
74 #include "pathnames.h"
75 
76 static int		 auth_pam(void);
77 static void		 bail(int, int);
78 static int		 export(const char *);
79 static void		 export_pam_environment(void);
80 static int		 motd(const char *);
81 static void		 badlogin(char *);
82 static char		*getloginname(void);
83 static void		 pam_syslog(const char *);
84 static void		 pam_cleanup(void);
85 static void		 refused(const char *, const char *, int);
86 static const char	*stypeof(char *);
87 static void		 sigint(int);
88 static void		 timedout(int);
89 static void		 usage(void);
90 
91 #define	TTYGRPNAME		"tty"			/* group to own ttys */
92 #define	DEFAULT_BACKOFF		3
93 #define	DEFAULT_RETRIES		10
94 #define	DEFAULT_PROMPT		"login: "
95 #define	DEFAULT_PASSWD_PROMPT	"Password:"
96 #define	TERM_UNKNOWN		"su"
97 #define	DEFAULT_WARN		(2L * 7L * 86400L)	/* Two weeks */
98 #define NO_SLEEP_EXIT		0
99 #define SLEEP_EXIT		5
100 
101 /*
102  * This bounds the time given to login.  Not a define so it can
103  * be patched on machines where it's too small.
104  */
105 static u_int		timeout = 300;
106 
107 /* Buffer for signal handling of timeout */
108 static jmp_buf		 timeout_buf;
109 
110 struct passwd		*pwd;
111 static int		 failures;
112 
113 static char		*envinit[1];	/* empty environment list */
114 
115 /*
116  * Command line flags and arguments
117  */
118 static int		 fflag;		/* -f: do not perform authentication */
119 static int		 hflag;		/* -h: login from remote host */
120 static char		*hostname;	/* hostname from command line */
121 static int		 pflag;		/* -p: preserve environment */
122 
123 /*
124  * User name
125  */
126 static char		*username;	/* user name */
127 static char		*olduser;	/* previous user name */
128 
129 /*
130  * Prompts
131  */
132 static char		 default_prompt[] = DEFAULT_PROMPT;
133 static const char	*prompt;
134 static char		 default_passwd_prompt[] = DEFAULT_PASSWD_PROMPT;
135 static const char	*passwd_prompt;
136 
137 static char		*tty;
138 
139 /*
140  * PAM data
141  */
142 static pam_handle_t	*pamh = NULL;
143 static struct pam_conv	 pamc = { openpam_ttyconv, NULL };
144 static int		 pam_err;
145 static int		 pam_silent = PAM_SILENT;
146 static int		 pam_cred_established;
147 static int		 pam_session_established;
148 
149 int
150 main(int argc, char **argv)
151 {
152 	struct group *gr;
153 	struct stat st;
154 	int retries, backoff;
155 	int ask, ch, cnt, quietlog, rootlogin, rval;
156 	uid_t uid, euid;
157 	gid_t egid;
158 	char *term;
159 	char *p, *ttyn;
160 	char tname[sizeof(_PATH_TTY) + 10];
161 	char *arg0;
162 	const char *tp;
163 	const char *shell = NULL;
164 	login_cap_t *lc = NULL;
165 	login_cap_t *lc_user = NULL;
166 	pid_t pid;
167 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
168 	char auditsuccess = 1;
169 #endif
170 
171 	signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
172 	signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
173 	signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
174 	if (setjmp(timeout_buf)) {
175 		if (failures)
176 			badlogin(username);
177 		fprintf(stderr, "Login timed out after %d seconds\n",
178 		    timeout);
179 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 0);
180 	}
181 	signal(SIGALRM, timedout);
182 	alarm(timeout);
183 	setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
184 
185 	openlog("login", LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
186 
187 	uid = getuid();
188 	euid = geteuid();
189 	egid = getegid();
190 
191 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fh:p")) != -1)
192 		switch (ch) {
193 		case 'f':
194 			fflag = 1;
195 			break;
196 		case 'h':
197 			if (uid != 0)
198 				errx(1, "-h option: %s", strerror(EPERM));
199 			if (strlen(optarg) >= MAXHOSTNAMELEN)
200 				errx(1, "-h option: %s: exceeds maximum "
201 				    "hostname size", optarg);
202 			hflag = 1;
203 			hostname = optarg;
204 			break;
205 		case 'p':
206 			pflag = 1;
207 			break;
208 		case '?':
209 		default:
210 			if (uid == 0)
211 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "invalid flag %c", ch);
212 			usage();
213 		}
214 	argc -= optind;
215 	argv += optind;
216 
217 	if (argc > 0) {
218 		username = strdup(*argv);
219 		if (username == NULL)
220 			err(1, "strdup()");
221 		ask = 0;
222 	} else {
223 		ask = 1;
224 	}
225 
226 	setproctitle("-%s", getprogname());
227 
228 	for (cnt = getdtablesize(); cnt > 2; cnt--)
229 		close(cnt);
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * Get current TTY
233 	 */
234 	ttyn = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO);
235 	if (ttyn == NULL || *ttyn == '\0') {
236 		snprintf(tname, sizeof(tname), "%s??", _PATH_TTY);
237 		ttyn = tname;
238 	}
239 	if (strncmp(ttyn, _PATH_DEV, sizeof(_PATH_DEV) -1) == 0)
240 		tty = ttyn + sizeof(_PATH_DEV) -1;
241 	else
242 		tty = ttyn;
243 
244 	/*
245 	 * Get "login-retries" & "login-backoff" from default class
246 	 */
247 	lc = login_getclass(NULL);
248 	prompt = login_getcapstr(lc, "login_prompt",
249 	    default_prompt, default_prompt);
250 	passwd_prompt = login_getcapstr(lc, "passwd_prompt",
251 	    default_passwd_prompt, default_passwd_prompt);
252 	retries = login_getcapnum(lc, "login-retries",
253 	    DEFAULT_RETRIES, DEFAULT_RETRIES);
254 	backoff = login_getcapnum(lc, "login-backoff",
255 	    DEFAULT_BACKOFF, DEFAULT_BACKOFF);
256 	login_close(lc);
257 	lc = NULL;
258 
259 	/*
260 	 * Try to authenticate the user until we succeed or time out.
261 	 */
262 	for (cnt = 0;; ask = 1) {
263 		if (ask) {
264 			fflag = 0;
265 			if (olduser != NULL)
266 				free(olduser);
267 			olduser = username;
268 			username = getloginname();
269 		}
270 		rootlogin = 0;
271 
272 		/*
273 		 * Note if trying multiple user names; log failures for
274 		 * previous user name, but don't bother logging one failure
275 		 * for nonexistent name (mistyped username).
276 		 */
277 		if (failures && strcmp(olduser, username) != 0) {
278 			if (failures > (pwd ? 0 : 1))
279 				badlogin(olduser);
280 		}
281 
282 		/*
283 		 * Load the PAM policy and set some variables
284 		 */
285 		pam_err = pam_start("login", username, &pamc, &pamh);
286 		if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
287 			pam_syslog("pam_start()");
288 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
289 			au_login_fail("PAM Error", 1);
290 #endif
291 			bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
292 		}
293 		pam_err = pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_TTY, tty);
294 		if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
295 			pam_syslog("pam_set_item(PAM_TTY)");
296 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
297 			au_login_fail("PAM Error", 1);
298 #endif
299 			bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
300 		}
301 		pam_err = pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_RHOST, hostname);
302 		if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
303 			pam_syslog("pam_set_item(PAM_RHOST)");
304 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
305 			au_login_fail("PAM Error", 1);
306 #endif
307 			bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
308 		}
309 
310 		pwd = getpwnam(username);
311 		if (pwd != NULL && pwd->pw_uid == 0)
312 			rootlogin = 1;
313 
314 		/*
315 		 * If the -f option was specified and the caller is
316 		 * root or the caller isn't changing their uid, don't
317 		 * authenticate.
318 		 */
319 		if (pwd != NULL && fflag &&
320 		    (uid == (uid_t)0 || uid == (uid_t)pwd->pw_uid)) {
321 			/* already authenticated */
322 			rval = 0;
323 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
324 			auditsuccess = 0; /* opened a terminal window only */
325 #endif
326 		} else {
327 			fflag = 0;
328 			setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -4);
329 			rval = auth_pam();
330 			setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
331 		}
332 
333 		if (pwd && rval == 0)
334 			break;
335 
336 		pam_cleanup();
337 
338 		/*
339 		 * We are not exiting here, but this corresponds to a failed
340 		 * login event, so set exitstatus to 1.
341 		 */
342 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
343 		au_login_fail("Login incorrect", 1);
344 #endif
345 
346 		printf("Login incorrect\n");
347 		failures++;
348 
349 		pwd = NULL;
350 
351 		/*
352 		 * Allow up to 'retry' (10) attempts, but start
353 		 * backing off after 'backoff' (3) attempts.
354 		 */
355 		if (++cnt > backoff) {
356 			if (cnt >= retries) {
357 				badlogin(username);
358 				bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
359 			}
360 			sleep((u_int)((cnt - backoff) * 5));
361 		}
362 	}
363 
364 	/* committed to login -- turn off timeout */
365 	alarm((u_int)0);
366 	signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
367 
368 	endpwent();
369 
370 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
371 	/* Audit successful login. */
372 	if (auditsuccess)
373 		au_login_success();
374 #endif
375 
376 	/*
377 	 * Establish the login class.
378 	 */
379 	lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
380 	lc_user = login_getuserclass(pwd);
381 
382 	if (!(quietlog = login_getcapbool(lc_user, "hushlogin", 0)))
383 		quietlog = login_getcapbool(lc, "hushlogin", 0);
384 
385 	/*
386 	 * Switching needed for NFS with root access disabled.
387 	 *
388 	 * XXX: This change fails to modify the additional groups for the
389 	 * process, and as such, may restrict rights normally granted
390 	 * through those groups.
391 	 */
392 	setegid(pwd->pw_gid);
393 	seteuid(rootlogin ? 0 : pwd->pw_uid);
394 	if (!*pwd->pw_dir || chdir(pwd->pw_dir) < 0) {
395 		if (login_getcapbool(lc, "requirehome", 0))
396 			refused("Home directory not available", "HOMEDIR", 1);
397 		if (chdir("/") < 0)
398 			refused("Cannot find root directory", "ROOTDIR", 1);
399 		if (!quietlog || *pwd->pw_dir)
400 			printf("No home directory.\nLogging in with home = \"/\".\n");
401 		pwd->pw_dir = strdup("/");
402 		if (pwd->pw_dir == NULL) {
403 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "strdup(): %m");
404 			bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
405 		}
406 	}
407 	seteuid(euid);
408 	setegid(egid);
409 	if (!quietlog) {
410 		quietlog = access(_PATH_HUSHLOGIN, F_OK) == 0;
411 		if (!quietlog)
412 			pam_silent = 0;
413 	}
414 
415 	shell = login_getcapstr(lc, "shell", pwd->pw_shell, pwd->pw_shell);
416 	if (*pwd->pw_shell == '\0')
417 		pwd->pw_shell = strdup(_PATH_BSHELL);
418 	if (pwd->pw_shell == NULL) {
419 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "strdup(): %m");
420 		bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
421 	}
422 	if (*shell == '\0')   /* Not overridden */
423 		shell = pwd->pw_shell;
424 	if ((shell = strdup(shell)) == NULL) {
425 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "strdup(): %m");
426 		bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
427 	}
428 
429 	/*
430 	 * Set device protections, depending on what terminal the
431 	 * user is logged in. This feature is used on Suns to give
432 	 * console users better privacy.
433 	 */
434 	login_fbtab(tty, pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid);
435 
436 	/*
437 	 * Clear flags of the tty.  None should be set, and when the
438 	 * user sets them otherwise, this can cause the chown to fail.
439 	 * Since it isn't clear that flags are useful on character
440 	 * devices, we just clear them.
441 	 *
442 	 * We don't log in the case of EOPNOTSUPP because dev might be
443 	 * on NFS, which doesn't support chflags.
444 	 *
445 	 * We don't log in the EROFS because that means that /dev is on
446 	 * a read only file system and we assume that the permissions there
447 	 * are sane.
448 	 */
449 	if (ttyn != tname && chflags(ttyn, 0))
450 		if (errno != EOPNOTSUPP && errno != EROFS)
451 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "chflags(%s): %m", ttyn);
452 	if (ttyn != tname && chown(ttyn, pwd->pw_uid,
453 	    (gr = getgrnam(TTYGRPNAME)) ? gr->gr_gid : pwd->pw_gid))
454 		if (errno != EROFS)
455 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "chown(%s): %m", ttyn);
456 
457 	/*
458 	 * Exclude cons/vt/ptys only, assume dialup otherwise
459 	 * TODO: Make dialup tty determination a library call
460 	 * for consistency (finger etc.)
461 	 */
462 	if (hflag && isdialuptty(tty))
463 		syslog(LOG_INFO, "DIALUP %s, %s", tty, pwd->pw_name);
464 
465 #ifdef LOGALL
466 	/*
467 	 * Syslog each successful login, so we don't have to watch
468 	 * hundreds of wtmp or lastlogin files.
469 	 */
470 	if (hflag)
471 		syslog(LOG_INFO, "login from %s on %s as %s",
472 		       hostname, tty, pwd->pw_name);
473 	else
474 		syslog(LOG_INFO, "login on %s as %s",
475 		       tty, pwd->pw_name);
476 #endif
477 
478 	/*
479 	 * If fflag is on, assume caller/authenticator has logged root
480 	 * login.
481 	 */
482 	if (rootlogin && fflag == 0) {
483 		if (hflag)
484 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN (%s) ON %s FROM %s",
485 			    username, tty, hostname);
486 		else
487 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN (%s) ON %s",
488 			    username, tty);
489 	}
490 
491 	/*
492 	 * Destroy environment unless user has requested its
493 	 * preservation - but preserve TERM in all cases
494 	 */
495 	term = getenv("TERM");
496 	if (!pflag)
497 		environ = envinit;
498 	if (term != NULL) {
499 		if (setenv("TERM", term, 0) == -1)
500 			err(1, "setenv: cannot set TERM=%s", term);
501 	}
502 
503 	/*
504 	 * PAM modules might add supplementary groups during pam_setcred().
505 	 */
506 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETGROUP) != 0) {
507 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setusercontext() failed - exiting");
508 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
509 	}
510 
511 	pam_err = pam_setcred(pamh, pam_silent|PAM_ESTABLISH_CRED);
512 	if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
513 		pam_syslog("pam_setcred()");
514 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
515 	}
516 	pam_cred_established = 1;
517 
518 	pam_err = pam_open_session(pamh, pam_silent);
519 	if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
520 		pam_syslog("pam_open_session()");
521 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
522 	}
523 	pam_session_established = 1;
524 
525 	/*
526 	 * We must fork() before setuid() because we need to call
527 	 * pam_close_session() as root.
528 	 */
529 	pid = fork();
530 	if (pid < 0) {
531 		err(1, "fork");
532 	} else if (pid != 0) {
533 		/*
534 		 * Parent: wait for child to finish, then clean up
535 		 * session.
536 		 */
537 		int status;
538 		setproctitle("-%s [pam]", getprogname());
539 		waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
540 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 0);
541 	}
542 
543 	/*
544 	 * NOTICE: We are now in the child process!
545 	 */
546 
547 	/*
548 	 * Add any environment variables the PAM modules may have set.
549 	 */
550 	export_pam_environment();
551 
552 	/*
553 	 * We're done with PAM now; our parent will deal with the rest.
554 	 */
555 	pam_end(pamh, 0);
556 	pamh = NULL;
557 
558 	/*
559 	 * We don't need to be root anymore, so set the login name and
560 	 * the UID.
561 	 */
562 	if (setlogin(username) != 0) {
563 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setlogin(%s): %m - exiting", username);
564 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
565 	}
566 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
567 	    LOGIN_SETALL & ~(LOGIN_SETLOGIN|LOGIN_SETGROUP)) != 0) {
568 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setusercontext() failed - exiting");
569 		exit(1);
570 	}
571 
572 	if (setenv("SHELL", pwd->pw_shell, 1) == -1)
573 		err(1, "setenv: cannot set SHELL=%s", pwd->pw_shell);
574 	if (setenv("HOME", pwd->pw_dir, 1) == -1)
575 		err(1, "setenv: cannot set HOME=%s", pwd->pw_dir);
576 	/* Overwrite "term" from login.conf(5) for any known TERM */
577 	if (term == NULL && (tp = stypeof(tty)) != NULL) {
578 		if (setenv("TERM", tp, 1) == -1)
579 			err(1, "setenv: cannot set TERM=%s", tp);
580 	} else {
581 		if (setenv("TERM", TERM_UNKNOWN, 0) == -1)
582 			err(1, "setenv: cannot set TERM=%s", TERM_UNKNOWN);
583 	}
584 
585 	if (setenv("LOGNAME", username, 1) == -1)
586 		err(1, "setenv: cannot set LOGNAME=%s", username);
587 	if (setenv("USER", username, 1) == -1)
588 		err(1, "setenv: cannot set USER=%s", username);
589 	if (setenv("PATH",
590 	    rootlogin ? _PATH_STDPATH : _PATH_DEFPATH, 0) == -1) {
591 		err(1, "setenv: cannot set PATH=%s",
592 		    rootlogin ? _PATH_STDPATH : _PATH_DEFPATH);
593 	}
594 
595 	if (!quietlog) {
596 		const char *cw;
597 
598 		cw = login_getcapstr(lc, "copyright", NULL, NULL);
599 		if (cw == NULL || motd(cw) == -1)
600 			printf("%s", copyright);
601 
602 		printf("\n");
603 
604 		cw = login_getcapstr(lc, "welcome", NULL, NULL);
605 		if (cw != NULL && access(cw, F_OK) == 0)
606 			motd(cw);
607 		else
608 			motd(_PATH_MOTDFILE);
609 
610 		if (login_getcapbool(lc_user, "nocheckmail", 0) == 0 &&
611 		    login_getcapbool(lc, "nocheckmail", 0) == 0) {
612 			char *cx;
613 
614 			/* $MAIL may have been set by class. */
615 			cx = getenv("MAIL");
616 			if (cx == NULL) {
617 				asprintf(&cx, "%s/%s",
618 				    _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name);
619 			}
620 			if (cx && stat(cx, &st) == 0 && st.st_size != 0)
621 				printf("You have %smail.\n",
622 				    (st.st_mtime > st.st_atime) ? "new " : "");
623 			if (getenv("MAIL") == NULL)
624 				free(cx);
625 		}
626 	}
627 
628 	login_close(lc_user);
629 	login_close(lc);
630 
631 	signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
632 	signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
633 	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
634 	signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
635 
636 	/*
637 	 * Login shells have a leading '-' in front of argv[0]
638 	 */
639 	p = strrchr(pwd->pw_shell, '/');
640 	if (asprintf(&arg0, "-%s", p ? p + 1 : pwd->pw_shell) >= MAXPATHLEN) {
641 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "user: %s: shell exceeds maximum pathname size",
642 		    username);
643 		errx(1, "shell exceeds maximum pathname size");
644 	} else if (arg0 == NULL) {
645 		err(1, "asprintf()");
646 	}
647 
648 	execlp(shell, arg0, NULL);
649 	err(1, "%s", shell);
650 
651 	/*
652 	 * That's it, folks!
653 	 */
654 }
655 
656 /*
657  * Attempt to authenticate the user using PAM.  Returns 0 if the user is
658  * authenticated, or 1 if not authenticated.  If some sort of PAM system
659  * error occurs (e.g., the "/etc/pam.conf" file is missing) then this
660  * function returns -1.  This can be used as an indication that we should
661  * fall back to a different authentication mechanism.
662  */
663 static int
664 auth_pam(void)
665 {
666 	const char *tmpl_user;
667 	const void *item;
668 	int rval;
669 
670 	pam_err = pam_authenticate(pamh, pam_silent);
671 	switch (pam_err) {
672 
673 	case PAM_SUCCESS:
674 		/*
675 		 * With PAM we support the concept of a "template"
676 		 * user.  The user enters a login name which is
677 		 * authenticated by PAM, usually via a remote service
678 		 * such as RADIUS or TACACS+.  If authentication
679 		 * succeeds, a different but related "template" name
680 		 * is used for setting the credentials, shell, and
681 		 * home directory.  The name the user enters need only
682 		 * exist on the remote authentication server, but the
683 		 * template name must be present in the local password
684 		 * database.
685 		 *
686 		 * This is supported by two various mechanisms in the
687 		 * individual modules.  However, from the application's
688 		 * point of view, the template user is always passed
689 		 * back as a changed value of the PAM_USER item.
690 		 */
691 		pam_err = pam_get_item(pamh, PAM_USER, &item);
692 		if (pam_err == PAM_SUCCESS) {
693 			tmpl_user = (const char *)item;
694 			if (strcmp(username, tmpl_user) != 0)
695 				pwd = getpwnam(tmpl_user);
696 		} else {
697 			pam_syslog("pam_get_item(PAM_USER)");
698 		}
699 		rval = 0;
700 		break;
701 
702 	case PAM_AUTH_ERR:
703 	case PAM_USER_UNKNOWN:
704 	case PAM_MAXTRIES:
705 		rval = 1;
706 		break;
707 
708 	default:
709 		pam_syslog("pam_authenticate()");
710 		rval = -1;
711 		break;
712 	}
713 
714 	if (rval == 0) {
715 		pam_err = pam_acct_mgmt(pamh, pam_silent);
716 		switch (pam_err) {
717 		case PAM_SUCCESS:
718 			break;
719 		case PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD:
720 			pam_err = pam_chauthtok(pamh,
721 			    pam_silent|PAM_CHANGE_EXPIRED_AUTHTOK);
722 			if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
723 				pam_syslog("pam_chauthtok()");
724 				rval = 1;
725 			}
726 			break;
727 		default:
728 			pam_syslog("pam_acct_mgmt()");
729 			rval = 1;
730 			break;
731 		}
732 	}
733 
734 	if (rval != 0) {
735 		pam_end(pamh, pam_err);
736 		pamh = NULL;
737 	}
738 	return (rval);
739 }
740 
741 /*
742  * Export any environment variables PAM modules may have set
743  */
744 static void
745 export_pam_environment(void)
746 {
747 	char **pam_env;
748 	char **pp;
749 
750 	pam_env = pam_getenvlist(pamh);
751 	if (pam_env != NULL) {
752 		for (pp = pam_env; *pp != NULL; pp++) {
753 			export(*pp);
754 			free(*pp);
755 		}
756 	}
757 }
758 
759 /*
760  * Perform sanity checks on an environment variable:
761  * - Make sure there is an '=' in the string.
762  * - Make sure the string doesn't run on too long.
763  * - Do not export certain variables.  This list was taken from the
764  *   Solaris pam_putenv(3) man page.
765  * Then export it.
766  */
767 static int
768 export(const char *s)
769 {
770 	static const char *noexport[] = {
771 		"SHELL", "HOME", "LOGNAME", "MAIL", "CDPATH",
772 		"IFS", "PATH", NULL
773 	};
774 	char *p;
775 	const char **pp;
776 	size_t n;
777 
778 	if (strlen(s) > 1024 || (p = strchr(s, '=')) == NULL)
779 		return (0);
780 	if (strncmp(s, "LD_", 3) == 0)
781 		return (0);
782 	for (pp = noexport; *pp != NULL; pp++) {
783 		n = strlen(*pp);
784 		if (s[n] == '=' && strncmp(s, *pp, n) == 0)
785 			return (0);
786 	}
787 	*p = '\0';
788 	if (setenv(s, p + 1, 1) == -1)
789 		err(1, "setenv: cannot set %s=%s", s, p + 1);
790 	*p = '=';
791 	return (1);
792 }
793 
794 static void
795 usage(void)
796 {
797 
798 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: login [-fp] [-h hostname] [username]\n");
799 	exit(1);
800 }
801 
802 /*
803  * Prompt user and read login name from stdin.
804  */
805 static char *
806 getloginname(void)
807 {
808 	char *nbuf, *p;
809 	int ch;
810 
811 	nbuf = malloc(MAXLOGNAME);
812 	if (nbuf == NULL)
813 		err(1, "malloc()");
814 	do {
815 		printf("%s", prompt);
816 		for (p = nbuf; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; ) {
817 			if (ch == EOF) {
818 				badlogin(username);
819 				bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 0);
820 			}
821 			if (p < nbuf + MAXLOGNAME - 1)
822 				*p++ = ch;
823 		}
824 	} while (p == nbuf);
825 
826 	*p = '\0';
827 	if (nbuf[0] == '-') {
828 		pam_silent = 0;
829 		memmove(nbuf, nbuf + 1, strlen(nbuf));
830 	} else {
831 		pam_silent = PAM_SILENT;
832 	}
833 	return nbuf;
834 }
835 
836 /*
837  * SIGINT handler for motd().
838  */
839 static volatile int motdinterrupt;
840 static void
841 sigint(int signo __unused)
842 {
843 	motdinterrupt = 1;
844 }
845 
846 /*
847  * Display the contents of a file (such as /etc/motd).
848  */
849 static int
850 motd(const char *motdfile)
851 {
852 	sig_t oldint;
853 	FILE *f;
854 	int ch;
855 
856 	if ((f = fopen(motdfile, "r")) == NULL)
857 		return (-1);
858 	motdinterrupt = 0;
859 	oldint = signal(SIGINT, sigint);
860 	while ((ch = fgetc(f)) != EOF && !motdinterrupt)
861 		putchar(ch);
862 	signal(SIGINT, oldint);
863 	if (ch != EOF || ferror(f)) {
864 		fclose(f);
865 		return (-1);
866 	}
867 	fclose(f);
868 	return (0);
869 }
870 
871 /*
872  * SIGALRM handler, to enforce login prompt timeout.
873  *
874  * XXX This can potentially confuse the hell out of PAM.  We should
875  * XXX instead implement a conversation function that returns
876  * XXX PAM_CONV_ERR when interrupted by a signal, and have the signal
877  * XXX handler just set a flag.
878  */
879 static void
880 timedout(int signo __unused)
881 {
882 
883 	longjmp(timeout_buf, signo);
884 }
885 
886 static void
887 badlogin(char *name)
888 {
889 
890 	if (failures == 0)
891 		return;
892 	if (hflag) {
893 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s FROM %s",
894 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", hostname);
895 		syslog(LOG_AUTHPRIV|LOG_NOTICE,
896 		    "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s FROM %s, %s",
897 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", hostname, name);
898 	} else {
899 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s ON %s",
900 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", tty);
901 		syslog(LOG_AUTHPRIV|LOG_NOTICE,
902 		    "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s ON %s, %s",
903 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", tty, name);
904 	}
905 	failures = 0;
906 }
907 
908 const char *
909 stypeof(char *ttyid)
910 {
911 	struct ttyent *t;
912 
913 	if (ttyid != NULL && *ttyid != '\0') {
914 		t = getttynam(ttyid);
915 		if (t != NULL && t->ty_type != NULL)
916 			return (t->ty_type);
917 	}
918 	return (NULL);
919 }
920 
921 static void
922 refused(const char *msg, const char *rtype, int lout)
923 {
924 
925 	if (msg != NULL)
926 	    printf("%s.\n", msg);
927 	if (hflag)
928 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "LOGIN %s REFUSED (%s) FROM %s ON TTY %s",
929 		    pwd->pw_name, rtype, hostname, tty);
930 	else
931 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "LOGIN %s REFUSED (%s) ON TTY %s",
932 		    pwd->pw_name, rtype, tty);
933 	if (lout)
934 		bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
935 }
936 
937 /*
938  * Log a PAM error
939  */
940 static void
941 pam_syslog(const char *msg)
942 {
943 	syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %s", msg, pam_strerror(pamh, pam_err));
944 }
945 
946 /*
947  * Shut down PAM
948  */
949 static void
950 pam_cleanup(void)
951 {
952 
953 	if (pamh != NULL) {
954 		if (pam_session_established) {
955 			pam_err = pam_close_session(pamh, 0);
956 			if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS)
957 				pam_syslog("pam_close_session()");
958 		}
959 		pam_session_established = 0;
960 		if (pam_cred_established) {
961 			pam_err = pam_setcred(pamh, pam_silent|PAM_DELETE_CRED);
962 			if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS)
963 				pam_syslog("pam_setcred()");
964 		}
965 		pam_cred_established = 0;
966 		pam_end(pamh, pam_err);
967 		pamh = NULL;
968 	}
969 }
970 
971 /*
972  * Exit, optionally after sleeping a few seconds
973  */
974 void
975 bail(int sec, int eval)
976 {
977 
978 	pam_cleanup();
979 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
980 	if (pwd != NULL)
981 		audit_logout();
982 #endif
983 	sleep(sec);
984 	exit(eval);
985 }
986