xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/truss/main.c (revision fcf53d9b)
1 /*
2  * Copryight 1997 Sean Eric Fagan
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
13  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
14  *	This product includes software developed by Sean Eric Fagan
15  * 4. Neither the name of the author may be used to endorse or promote
16  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
17  *    permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/truss/main.c,v 1.15.2.3 2002/05/16 23:41:23 peter Exp $
32  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/truss/main.c,v 1.5 2005/05/28 00:22:04 swildner Exp $
33  */
34 
35 /*
36  * The main module for truss.  Suprisingly simple, but, then, the other
37  * files handle the bulk of the work.  And, of course, the kernel has to
38  * do a lot of the work :).
39  */
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
43 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
44 #include <sys/ucred.h>
45 #include <sys/mount.h>
46 
47 #include <err.h>
48 #include <errno.h>
49 #include <fcntl.h>
50 #include <signal.h>
51 #include <stdio.h>
52 #include <stdlib.h>
53 #include <string.h>
54 #include <unistd.h>
55 
56 #include "truss.h"
57 #include "extern.h"
58 
59 /*
60  * These should really be parameterized -- I don't like having globals,
61  * but this is the easiest way, right now, to deal with them.
62  */
63 
64 int Procfd;
65 
66 static inline void
67 usage(void)
68 {
69   fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
70 	"usage: truss [-S] [-o file] -p pid",
71 	"       truss [-S] [-o file] command [args]");
72   exit(1);
73 }
74 
75 /*
76  * WARNING! "FreeBSD a.out" must be first, or set_etype will not
77  * work correctly.
78  */
79 struct ex_types {
80   const char *type;
81   void (*enter_syscall)(struct trussinfo *, int);
82   int (*exit_syscall)(struct trussinfo *, int);
83 } ex_types[] = {
84 #ifdef __i386__
85   { "FreeBSD a.out", i386_syscall_entry, i386_syscall_exit },
86   { "FreeBSD ELF32", i386_syscall_entry, i386_syscall_exit },
87   { "Linux ELF32", i386_linux_syscall_entry, i386_linux_syscall_exit },
88 #endif
89 #ifdef __x86_64__
90   { "FreeBSD ELF64", x86_64_syscall_entry, x86_64_syscall_exit },
91 #endif
92   { 0, 0, 0 },
93 };
94 
95 /*
96  * Set the execution type.  This is called after every exec, and when
97  * a process is first monitored.  The procfs pseudo-file "etype" has
98  * the execution module type -- see /proc/curproc/etype for an example.
99  */
100 
101 static struct ex_types *
102 set_etype(struct trussinfo *trussinfo) {
103   struct ex_types *funcs;
104   char *etype;
105   char progt[32];
106   int fd;
107 
108   asprintf(&etype, "%s/%d/etype", procfs_path, trussinfo->pid);
109   if (etype == NULL)
110     err(1, "Out of memory");
111   if ((fd = open(etype, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
112     strcpy(progt, "FreeBSD a.out");
113   } else {
114     int len = read(fd, progt, sizeof(progt));
115     progt[len-1] = '\0';
116     close(fd);
117   }
118   free(etype);
119 
120   for (funcs = ex_types; funcs->type; funcs++)
121     if (!strcmp(funcs->type, progt))
122       break;
123 
124   if (funcs->type == NULL) {
125     funcs = &ex_types[0];
126     warn("Execution type %s is not supported -- using %s\n",
127       progt, funcs->type);
128   }
129   return funcs;
130 }
131 
132 int
133 main(int ac, char **av) {
134   int c, i, mntsize;
135   char **command;
136   struct procfs_status pfs;
137   struct ex_types *funcs;
138   struct statfs *mntbuf;
139   int in_exec = 0;
140   char *fname = NULL;
141   int sigexit = 0;
142   struct trussinfo *trussinfo;
143 
144   /* Initialize the trussinfo struct */
145   trussinfo = (struct trussinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct trussinfo));
146   if (trussinfo == NULL)
147 	  errx(1, "malloc() failed");
148   bzero(trussinfo, sizeof(struct trussinfo));
149   trussinfo->outfile = stderr;
150 
151   /* Check where procfs is mounted if it is mounted */
152   if ((mntsize = getmntinfo(&mntbuf, MNT_NOWAIT)) == 0)
153 	  err(1, "getmntinfo");
154   for (i = 0; i < mntsize; i++) {
155 	  if (strcasecmp(mntbuf[i].f_mntfromname, "procfs") == 0) {
156 		  strlcpy(procfs_path, mntbuf[i].f_mntonname, sizeof(procfs_path));
157 		  have_procfs = 1;
158 		  break;
159 	  }
160   }
161   if (!have_procfs) {
162 	  errno = 2;
163 	  err(1, "You must have a mounted procfs to use truss");
164   }
165 
166   while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "p:o:S")) != -1) {
167     switch (c) {
168     case 'p':	/* specified pid */
169       trussinfo->pid = atoi(optarg);
170       if (trussinfo->pid == getpid()) {
171 	      /* make sure truss doesn't trace itself */
172 	      fprintf(stderr, "truss: attempt to self trace: %d\n", trussinfo->pid);
173 	      exit(2);
174       }
175       break;
176     case 'o':	/* Specified output file */
177       fname = optarg;
178       break;
179     case 'S':	/* Don't trace signals */
180       trussinfo->flags |= NOSIGS;
181       break;
182     default:
183       usage();
184     }
185   }
186 
187   ac -= optind; av += optind;
188   if ((trussinfo->pid == 0 && ac == 0) || (trussinfo->pid != 0 && ac != 0))
189     usage();
190 
191   if (fname != NULL) { /* Use output file */
192     if ((trussinfo->outfile = fopen(fname, "w")) == NULL)
193       errx(1, "cannot open %s", fname);
194   }
195 
196   /*
197    * If truss starts the process itself, it will ignore some signals --
198    * they should be passed off to the process, which may or may not
199    * exit.  If, however, we are examining an already-running process,
200    * then we restore the event mask on these same signals.
201    */
202 
203   if (trussinfo->pid == 0) {	/* Start a command ourselves */
204     command = av;
205     trussinfo->pid = setup_and_wait(command);
206     signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
207     signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
208     signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
209   } else {
210     signal(SIGINT, restore_proc);
211     signal(SIGTERM, restore_proc);
212     signal(SIGQUIT, restore_proc);
213   }
214 
215 
216   /*
217    * At this point, if we started the process, it is stopped waiting to
218    * be woken up, either in exit() or in execve().
219    */
220 
221   Procfd = start_tracing(
222       trussinfo->pid, S_EXEC | S_SCE | S_SCX | S_CORE | S_EXIT |
223 		     ((trussinfo->flags & NOSIGS) ? 0 : S_SIG));
224   if (Procfd == -1)
225     return 0;
226 
227   pfs.why = 0;
228 
229   funcs = set_etype(trussinfo);
230   /*
231    * At this point, it's a simple loop, waiting for the process to
232    * stop, finding out why, printing out why, and then continuing it.
233    * All of the grunt work is done in the support routines.
234    */
235 
236   do {
237     int val = 0;
238 
239     if (ioctl(Procfd, PIOCWAIT, &pfs) == -1)
240       warn("PIOCWAIT top of loop");
241     else {
242       switch(i = pfs.why) {
243       case S_SCE:
244 	funcs->enter_syscall(trussinfo, pfs.val);
245 	break;
246       case S_SCX:
247 	/*
248 	 * This is so we don't get two messages for an exec -- one
249 	 * for the S_EXEC, and one for the syscall exit.  It also,
250 	 * conveniently, ensures that the first message printed out
251 	 * isn't the return-from-syscall used to create the process.
252 	 */
253 
254 	if (in_exec) {
255 	  in_exec = 0;
256 	  break;
257 	}
258 	funcs->exit_syscall(trussinfo, pfs.val);
259 	break;
260       case S_SIG:
261 	fprintf(trussinfo->outfile, "SIGNAL %lu\n", pfs.val);
262 	sigexit = pfs.val;
263 	break;
264       case S_EXIT:
265 	fprintf (trussinfo->outfile, "process exit, rval = %lu\n", pfs.val);
266 	break;
267       case S_EXEC:
268 	funcs = set_etype(trussinfo);
269 	in_exec = 1;
270 	break;
271       default:
272 	fprintf (trussinfo->outfile, "Process stopped because of:  %d\n", i);
273 	break;
274       }
275     }
276     if (ioctl(Procfd, PIOCCONT, val) == -1) {
277       if (kill(trussinfo->pid, 0) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
278 	break;
279       else
280 	warn("PIOCCONT");
281     }
282   } while (pfs.why != S_EXIT);
283   fflush(trussinfo->outfile);
284   if (sigexit) {
285     if (sigexit == SIGQUIT)
286       exit(sigexit);
287     (void) signal(sigexit, SIG_DFL);
288     (void) kill(getpid(), sigexit);
289   }
290   return 0;
291 }
292